An historical review of the constitution and government of Pennsylvania : from its origin, so far as regards the several points of controversy, which have, from time to time, arisen between the several governors of that province, and their several assemblies : founded on authentic documents

Google

This is a digital copy of a book lhal w;ls preserved for general ions on library shelves before il was carefully scanned by Google as pari of a project

to make the world's books discoverable online.

Il has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one thai was never subject

to copy right or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books

are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often dillicull lo discover.

Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the

publisher lo a library and linally lo you.

Usage guidelines

Google is proud lo partner with libraries lo digili/e public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the
public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order lo keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to
prevent abuse by commercial panics, including placing Icchnical restrictions on automated querying.
We also ask that you:

+ Make n on -commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request thai you use these files for
personal, non -commercial purposes.

+ Refrain from automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort lo Google's system: If you are conducting research on machine
translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the
use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help.

+ Maintain attribution The Google "watermark" you see on each lile is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find
additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it.

+ Keep it legal Whatever your use. remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just
because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other

countries. Whether a book is slill in copyright varies from country lo country, and we can'l offer guidance on whether any specific use of
any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book's appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner
anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe.

About Google Book Search

Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers
discover the world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through I lie lull lexl of 1 1 us book on I lie web
al |_-.:. :.-.-:: / / books . qooqle . com/|

GENERAL LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN.

THE

Hagerman Collection

OP BOOKS RBLATIM« TO

HISTORY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

•OUQHT WITH MONIY PLAOBD BY

JAMES J. HAGERMAN OF CLASS OF '6!

IM

OP

Professor Charles Kendall Adams

IM TNI YI«R

1883.

>F%3

\

• t

A N

HISTORICAL REVIEW

■'*'■•• O F T H E

CONSTITUTION and GOVERNMENT

OF

PENSYLVANIA,

4

From its Origin;

So far as regards the feveral Points of Controversy,
which have, from Time to Time, arifen

BETWEEN
The feveral Governors of that PROVINCE,

AND

Their feveral Assemblies* •

Founded on authentic Documents.

Thp& who would give up Essential Liberty to purchafc a
little Temporary Safety, defervc neither Liberty nor
% iSA'rsTT. Page 289.

it ■ - OA

; , V ■ I ■ ' '5

^ v;.^ v LOND'ON:

Printed for R.Griffiths, in Patemofter-Row.
w^-rtto^? MDCCLIX.

e

/? .o *-

mlJi

?

''? ft

4 » *

» /

« ,

,*- >

- ■' /

r T

^ ■'■ V ' > — -'

-j

J- *•

To the Right Honourable

ARTHUR ONSLOW, Efq;

SPEAKER

Of the Honourable *

HOUSE of COMMONS

SIR,

THE Subject of the following Sheets
is an unhappy one : — The Con-
troversy between the Proprietaries and
fucceffive Aflemblies of Penfylvania. —
A Controverfy which has often imbarraf-
ied, if not endangered the public Ser-

A 2 vice:

iv DEDICATION

vice:— A Controverfy which, has been
long depending! and which ftill feems to
be as far from an Iflue as ever.

" - Our. blefied Saviour reproaqhes the
Fharilees with laying heavy Burdens on
Men's Shoulders, which they themfelves
would not ftir with a lingle Finger.

Our 'Proprietaries, Sir, have done the
fame ; and for the Sake of the Com-
monwealth, the Province has hitherto
fubmitted to the Imposition, — Not, in-
deed, without the moft ftrenuobs En-
deavours to lay the Load equally, the
fulleft Manifestations of their Right
to do fo, and the ftrongeft Proteftajtions
againft the- Violence put upon them.

JTaving teen moft injurioufly rniire-;
presented and traduced in print by the
known Agents and Dependants of theie
Gentlemen their Fellow-Subje&s, the^
at laft, find themfelves obliged to fet

forth

-*i

£ J^G A T I Q N, ?

forty an, hjftorical State of their Cafe,
and to make, their Appeal to the fublky
upon it. ,

With the public Opinion in their Fa-
vour, they . ntey with the ,more Confi-
dence lilt up their Eyes to the Wifdorr*
of Parliament and the Majefty of the
Crown, from whence alone they can de-
rive an cffedual Remedy. ,

Tp your Hands, , Sir, tbefe Papej-s are.
mpft humbly prefented, for Confidera"
tipns fo obvious, that they fcarce need
any Explanation.

The Roman Provinces did not ft and

» * r

more in need of Patronage than ours :
And jfuch Clients as we are would have
preferred ' the Integrity of Cato to the „
fortune of Caviar.

» * *

The Caufe we bring is in Fa£t the
(5aufe of all the Provinces in one : It is

. -, A i the

tiii DEDICATION*

For the Province of Penfylvania* as
welj as in 1117 owrv private Capacity, I
fcave the Honour to be, ; with the moft
profound Refped,

Sir,
Your moll obedient
humble Servant,

r -■

The Editor,

CO NT E N V S.

INTRODUCTION* page t

Lift of the Governors of Penfylvania> and Dates of the
feveral Charter, &c. of that Province , 6

Akftraft of the Charter granted to fVtUiam Penn 8

Certain Conditions or Conceffions of Mr. Penn to the firft
Adventurers in, and Settlers of, Penfylvania 12

Mr. Perm's firft Frame of Government 1 3

His Refervation of Qy it-Rents 14

His fecond Frame of Government 15

The Province of Penfyfaania and the Territory of the Tbre*
Lower Counties y united by his Management 16

Remonftrance of a fubfoqueat AiTernbly againft the faid Union

ibid.
Motives of the Planters, affign'd by the faid Aflembly, for
accepting the fecond Frame of Government ij

lifc. Ptnn's Return to England y and Appointment of five Com-
miiEonersto adminifter the Government 18

Difordere which enfued during his Abfence 19

Capt. BlackwelFs Government ibid, &c>

The Government aflumed into the Hands of the Crown in
i°93) ar *d administered by Col. FUuher, Governor of
Nap-York 26

He declares the Constitution of Mr* Peon's Government, and
that of their Majefties, to be dUe£Hy oppofite each to the
other ' 27

He menaces the Aflembly with an Annexion of their Pro-
vince to that of New-Yeri 29
Proteftation againft paffing of Bills, amended by the Gover-
nor and Council, without the, previous Aflent of the Af-
fembly, to thofe Amendments ; and of Money Bills before
Grievances have been redreffed 29, 30
Remonftrance to Mr. Penn concerning this Period 30
The Governor admits the Principles of the Quakers, not to
carry Arms or levy Money to make War; and fojlicits a Sup-
ply to feed the hungry and cloath the naked (Indians) 3 1

iThe

CON T E NTS.

t*he Affembly infift on their Right to appropriate as we$ as
to raife Money j2

The Government of William Markham, Efij; 33

A new Ad» of Settlement or Frame of Government 34

/>Tlie6ovei^^ot:rdrumed.lqr'M'r J . l iP^»«' 36

The Province purged from the Odium of favouring Pyrates
x - and carrying on an illicit Trade •• ... -.*%/.

A 'new Model of Elections agreed to 37

The Affembly formed thereon diflblved 38

Another Affembly called upon another Model, to meet at
1 Newcajlle inftead of Philadelphia, ibid.

Aids granted to the Proprictary^Governor in exchange for a
Confirmation of Property 39

An Aid of 350 1. Sterling to the Crown refufed on this Ac-
count ibid.
Mr. Perm's plaufible Speech to anew Affembly 40
Three of the Requifitions they made to him, with his An*
fwers and their Replies 40, 41
A Breach between the Province and the Territory 42
The laft Charter of Privileges^ which, under the Royal Char-
ter , is now the Rule 6f Government • ,43
It is unanimoufly rejected by the Freemen of the Territory

46
Mr. Perm's Departure for England ibid.

Andrew Hamilton, >Efq; Deputy-Governor, in vain endea-
vours to re-unite the Territory with the Province ibid.
John Evans, Efq; fiicceeds Hamilton^ and makes the like En-
- deavour, alfoinvain 47

Controversy between him and the Affembly, concerning the
Bill to confirm the Charter .48

Nine feveral Heads of Complaint entered in the Minutes- of
the Affembly, as the Ground of a Reprefentation to the ■
Proprietary ; being the Reprefentation feveral Times be-
fore cited J3
The Remainder of that Reprefentation 55
A Copy of it demanded by the Governor and refufed by the
Affembly 63-
The latter m ke a Merit of having forborne to make their
Reprefentation public ibid.
The Governor obtains an Affembly to his Wiflj, by un4up
Pra&tces - - ( -.• :"V&4
Ahimofities between Lloyd. Speaker of the Affembly, and

- Logan, Secretary ifc> the Governor and Council <> ibufe
Thfc Govern^ L^furet the Proprietary V Charter of Prp-

perty .,,65

- ' The

CO^tENti

TtfcDf&gKtftfetfs D<*fenc*of it . \ iKf.

The Governor declares the Proprietary's high Refentmeat of
I - the Affembl^s ^ep%fentdrion r , > ,.55

The AfTeiWWyVRe^y-; : x v # id.

The Governor refersW&e Charter of Prinlegw as theotily
RWfe of 'Go^ernitorit' ^ > , . 67

The Aflembly complain of Infractions made in it 68

Their Reprefentation to the Proprietary agalnft the Governor

;\ ■•*■ - - ■• . /• ibid.

i^^ impeached hyriVe Aflembly, and fkreened by the Go-
vernor 71"
A rt unanimous 'Vote of Thanks to the Proprietary for recM-

* ling Evans , , ,. , j}jj[ m

Genewf View t>f (?^W«VGoidernment *&#•

Aflembly's Character of themfelves • >7 2

A Proprietary Governor* wretched Thing 73

A ftful Condud of Governor Ktitb . ■ ' Ibid.

Mr. Penns Death 74

The Province left in the Hands of Troftees » #/#.*

E*%ah 9 one of thoft Tt«ftees, obtains a Majority in the
-; Council againft the Governor ibid.

Hofgannizkei a Voyage to England, and returns with private

•t InftruQions to £W/A, which JST*/VA communicates to the Af-
-* Hfembly * ,7 5

Tne Governor and Aflembly in Concert pay no Regard to
v the laid Inftruc^ions ibid.

A tdritroverfy in print, between the Governor and Logan
r ^ thereon ibid.

A E^cfc^etWeen'thc! Governor and the Speaker 7$

The Province in a State of Tranquility for nine years under

- hft Adtt^niftration 77

A 'pathetic Reflection on the melancholy: Cafe of Governors
- 4-ecalWd '' • * ' ibid.

Binfylvania eafy to be governed if well governed 78

Private InftrucSions from the Proprietary in two fcyeral In-
^ftitfices* declared void 79, 80

?Phe Proprietary of Penfylvania too inconfide sable here at
II0 I&mfe t *d ,! bea Patron to the Province* and too unfizeably
VA ^reat there ^ t 81

Tw L Pft>prietafies the fole Purchaser* of Indian Lands ,.-*-
^The People at the fole Expence of Indian Affairs :-rrTtica-
^"Hesiifrt* Rfrchafes Concomitants v ^ r, 82

TRe Quit RentS'of ' Pvnfylvama- paid to '*he{ I?isopr#etM,ry $ firft
a l&i^hded *nd granted to defray the C^g^i of Gov(&fri-
f ^Jfcent vr 3 $3

*-- 1 K . Not-

i

CON TENTS.

Notwithflanding which, the People now pay Taxes fox that
Pu*po&, acd the Proprietaries infift on holding their Ef-
tates Tax-free ' ' 84

Pbper-<Mmey firft ifltied in Penfyhania 85

Precautions taken (o fecurc it from Depreciation 86

Mtf. Penris Truftees averfe to the fafd Iflae tttl a ProviGon

^ was made at the Expence of the Province, to render his

Heirs Gainers by it 8&

Room left in the Conftitution of the Province for Self-De-
fence, by Force of Arms, though the Ufe of Army was
not confident with the Principles of Quakers 90

I« Conference of Complaints »to Parliament of the Mif-
chiefs arifing from exceflive lfTues of Paper-Money, by
the Eajlern Governments (tkat rs to fay, th ok of New-
z England -,) a general Instruction wasfent t6 aH the Gover-
nors of Nvth-Atriitica not to give their Aflfentto any far-
ther Bills of that Nature, without afufpending Claufe, till
1 his Majefty's Pleafure (hould be known 92

The Aflembly grants Money in Aid of* the Expedition againft
Gfirthagena. ibid^

The Governor inlifts indented Servants upon that Occafion ;

and the Afferobly apply the Money they had given to in-

•■ damnify the Matters 93

They give 3009 1. towards the Public Service, to be applied*
as Ym Majefty fhpuld direct ibid.

AW© another Sum of 4000 1. to furniflt Neceffaries to the
Troops in 'hvuijhurgb , 94.

Aiwtyet another Sum of 5000 1 towards the intended Expe-
dition agairift Canada in tbe Year 1746, by an Addition of
«fhe like Sum to their Paper Currency ; and, notwitmtand-
ing the above Inftru&ion, the Governor gave hfs Aflent '
to- the Bill fbr-tha* Purpofe 95

The Proprietaries of Penfyhania oppofe the Bill' brought
into Parliament for retraining the Northern Colonies from
iffuing Paper-Bills of Credit, and make a Merit of it in
the Province 96

Ttoe AHfembly call upon the Proprietaries to contribute to tHe
Expend of Indian Affairs, which they decline ; 97

TheAffembly's Reprefentation thereon ibid, (and at large in
♦the Appendix)

A Bill far intrWingthe FVovinfcial Paper- Currency in Pro-
portion to the Increafe of the Province, by an Addition of
fco,oc6 1, thereto ' 96

Rejedlte&by th* Governor for being unfeafonably timed ibid.

And petitioned for by the Inhabitants 109

* » * » • *" A.

1 , 1* ? <

r CpNTgNTJ.
V^-Meffitge £r<>m tbc Governor (H*m*lm) preparing ih*

? Houfe to expert Incurfions from the French ^among the/a-

^SrWiBi in Alliance with them, and requiring Afiiitince on

-their Behalf ./.-,, 10O

< TBe Anfwer o£ the Proprietaries to the Reprefentatioa of the

Aflernhly concerning the £xpence of //wfowi Affairs 101

(and at large in the Appendix.)

The Aifcmbly's Meflage fejit to *he Governor, together withi
the Currency-Bill he had before rejeded 107

Another Meifage to him concerning Indian Affairs, and no-
tifying a Frefentof Condolance to the Tuiigbtvm Tribe!

Governor's Meffage, importing his AiTent to the Cure eocy-

Bill*. with a fufpending Claufe in

Refolution of the Aflembly not to accept this Claufe* with

their Reafons . 112

A Note of Regret that fome Temperament had not beeu

found out at home, to prevent the Controverfy which was

now on the Point of breaking out ibid.

Remonftrance of the Aflembly againft thefaid Claufe uj
The Governor's Meffage of Adherence thereto 115

The Aflembly 's Reply , 116

Their Reply to the Proprietary's Anfwer to the Reprefcntatiori

on //7^» Expences 120, (and at length in the Appendix)
Unanimous Refolotion of the Aflembly concerning the Ne-

ceflity of a Re-Emiffion of their Paper-Currency 129
Lord Haider neffifs Letter and other Papers laid before them,

together with a written Meffage from the Governor there-

The AflemWy's Anfwer, accompanied with their Currency-

J? 11 .'.35

Tj^e Governor reje&s it ; but offers to pafs a Bill for ftriking

.a farther Sum on a proper Fund for finking the fame in a
jew years ibid.

T%t Aflembly prudently avail themfelves of the Cautions in
Xprd Hofdermffe's Letter concerning undoubted Limits, to
ilecline taking any Part in the' Broil, till the Government
<pf ftrginw, as firft concerned, fhould fet the firft Exam-
ple ' = J36
. ThcCpavernor revives the old Controverfy, concerning the
Xa^gf-f^Mwey Inftru&ion ] i .37
Dedares in another Paper he had undoubted Affuravce^ thaj:
Jr^jt of hia Majeity's Dominions within his • Government,
Vtff at that Time invaded, and demands Sufpli^s tQ a,rrn
She Province, &c. I^8

e 6 » f e # t s.

ffh* Affafifely^muY* and defirea fhort Adjbutnmentrr r^©
The Governor not only perfifts ift hfe fortner Defclaf^tron,
^ bttt4»aintains that the Cafe was the fame, whether the
^ Irivafion of the Enemy was made in * Virginia or PenfyU
i^Vania ■■ '• ■■■>■*■ * j^

Tfre AOetnbly adjourti to jlfty 6, and are afi%nMed by the
- Governor April 1, in order tb lay before them certain Pa-
\ ^f ers from Governor Dinwiddle; and demand a Supply

■■* '^ - - .•-■ ■■-■' ■ • ' • "•■ " " #ii.

Debate* in the AflemMy on' the Qaanfutrtj and anew Ad-
rjour»ment 143

Another Seffion, and a Meflage from the Governor, accom-
panied with Intelligence, that tbe French were before the
** Fort bulk by the Pirgimdns on the Ohio ; with Difpatches
• and a* Prcpofition from the Governors of Bofton and JV>u>-
jfari, for an Union 6f the Colonies, &c. 144

A joint Bill for granting an Aid of 1 0,000 1. to the King and
20,000 1. for replacing torn and ragged Bills, offered ibid.
Amendments propoied by the Governor ibid.

Umnimou{ty reje&ed by the Afiembry, and for what Rea-
i fons , 14c

The Governor's Reply 147

A Refte&ion thereon 149

Refolutions of the Aficmbly 150

And Meffage to the Governor before their Adjournment

153
They are reconvened by fpecial Summons on the Occafion of

Wajhington's Defeat, and required to formchearful and vi-
gorous Refolutions for diflodging the Enemy, in Concur-
rence with Virginia r54
The Proceedings of the Commiffioners at Albany laid before
them 155
They prepare and prefent a Bill for ftriking 35,000 1, in Bills
of Credit ; 15,060 1. for the King's Ufe, and the Reft for*
replacing defective Bills 156
Which the Governor evades for Want of fufficient Powers
to pafs it / ., I57 v .
Governor Morris's ^Arrival at Philadelphia, and firfl Speech' to
: a Hew Aflfembly v ibfd.
The Affembly's Anfwer and Adjournment i^
Being affembled' again, a Letter from Sir Thmas Robinfin* "
< Secretary of State, is laid befdre them ; and the Governor
oiw his Speech re<jiiiWs them toraife and keep upi a .confer*
^ablc Body of Troops Y61
They

Contents.

■ i. \

pf£&£ta KU/Jor oafwg 40,000 1, on the former Pl^tf ;
^tkis Sum for the Publick Service y with aMeffagt,
jEfLytGfliQg their Concern at a Paragraph in the Secretary
of^State^ Letter, -by which it appeared their Conduit bad
\ not been fairly reprefented at home . 163

The. ©It} Inftruc"ticw, and an Opinion of the Attorney Gcfid-
.ora^, t -^eacicd ; by.-jJie ; ^javeriiorin Bar of his Aflent, uniefs
thie; Money was raifed on a Five Years Fund ^64

A jLctter from Sir Thomas Robin/on to the Governor of Pen-
fylvania, difpatched at the fame Time With others of fitnl4
Jar ^Tendency to the other Governors of the Northern Co-
lonies *66
Which the Governor, in his Comment upon it, endeavours
^o narrow the Application of, to Penfyhonia only 1 68
AMeflagefrom the Affembly fully demonftrating that Pen-
fyhmnia was not comprehended in the Inftruftion infilled
upon j.- and that in Cafe it was, the prefent Emergence was
one of thofe, which, according to {he very Letter of that
InftrucTion, might be provided for notwithstanding : Alfd
defirjng a Sight of the Inftru&ions he himfelf had received
firom his Principals , 169
A fecond Mefiage, in which they call upon the Governor
*to give his Aflent to the Bill, as what would anfwer aH
,. tbePurpofes recommended to them in Sir Thomas Robin*
^jfa'sLettcr 17a
The Governor's Reply, declining the Bill as before; be-
cairfe the Supply might be otherwife railed* and evading
the Communication of his Inftru&ions ibid.
The Aflembly's Rejoinder, juiUfying the Requifition they
; made of his InftrucYions ; and intimating that air Appeal to
1^^ Crown was. the only Method Jeft them of being con-
tinued in the Ufe and Benefit of their Birth-Right, and
Charter Liberties ■ - 176
T^XS^vejnor <jueftions their Right to have thefe Inftfud~Hons
t laid before them, and endeavours to put them befide their
..vPpint, by magnifying the Preparations of the French, &c.

V; «77

T^AJTenabJy orders the Papers which had paflf^d between the

Yfopi ietaries and them to be printed, which till then they

tjkaA avoided (Vide Appendix! ,A 180

l!lieir unanimons Refolutions concerning the* Proprietary

^|nwuc1bions ? in which they declare it a$ their Opinion,

$iij f^4 J nitrations we^e the principal if not the fole

ru&iori to their Bill: Alfo the tn## ieflen^iaJ,: Points

5 con-

ise*^

' CONTENTI.

; contained in their Rejdyto Ae Govcriioifs Charge ag»lfll

them 182* &cv

A Brief of the Governor's Sur-Rejoinder ' * I191

Some general Remarks *93

The Aflembly make their Appeal to the Crown, inform the

Governor thereof, fignify their Inclination ttf adjourn till

May, and -give his lnftrufiions the Coup de Grace jt)5,&c.

The Governor's expoiiulatory Meffitge thereon 198

He demands a Copy of their Minutes ; they order him ohc

when the printed Copies vtere finjhed, and adjourn ibid.

Upon BraddocPs .Arrival in Virginia, they are reaffembled

by fpecial Summons : The Demands made by Meffagfc on

thatOccafion 19*9

^he Governor reprimands them for having pubKfiied Sir

Gliomas Robinfon's Letter in their Minutes, and for not

delivering him a Copy of thofe Minutes fp foon as he had

required them 200

The Aflembly's Anfwer thereto 201

Orders and Counter-Orders to the Printer of thefe Minutes

203
Two Meflagesfrom the Governor ; one communicating a De-
fign of General Shirley's to build a Fort within the Lirnih
of his Majefty's Territories near Crown Point, to which
the Aflembly is required to contribute ; and the otter, no-
tifying firft the Arrival of Braddock's Forces, and then the
Expectations entertained at hr me, that the Colonies would
raife an additional Number of Forces, fumifh Ptovifioris,
&c. all terminated with a Kind of Menace of the Refcht-
ment of his Majefty and the Parliament, in Cafe of a Di£
appointment • ibid.

Twenty five Thoufand Pounds granted to the King's Ufr, to
be raifed by an Emiflion of Paper Bills to the fame Amount,
and to be Hink by an Extension of the Excife for Ten
Yeais 205

Refufed by the Governor, on the old Pretence of a contrary
Inftruition 2t>6

A Provifion demanded for the Expence of an Indian Treaty

A Memorial to the Aflembly from Mr. ^uincy, a Commit-
fioner from the Government of Maffachujets-Bay ; ex-
preflingboth his Concern, that the Governor could not'
be induced to pafs the faid Money-Bill, and his Acknow T
Jedgments of the Chearfnfaefs (hewn by them in granting
10,000 J. for victualling the Forces to be employed in New-
Engand\ being Part of the Money fo granted; and

urging

f)

% CONTENTS,

urpag them tQ find out fome other Means of rendering

■^ *kxk?wpok effe&ual 207

Tte Affembly refoives to raife die faid Sum on the Credit of

; - iSt ftwihee 209

. Another Paper of Acknowledgment; from the faid Mr. S^uincy

'?y. * »•» >• - % wid*

The Governor refufes to return the faid Bill to the Afiembly ;
itrfbrms Aftm the French had fitted out fifteen Sail of the
Line, with 6000 Land Forces, and calls upon them to
put the Province into a State of Defence, as the Enemy
coatd not be ignorant how plentiful and dcfencelefs it was ;
yet achrifes 2 (hort Adjournment 210

They meet again, and a Squabble arifmg between them about
a. Bill merely Provincial, he revives the former Contro-
.verfy - 212

The AffemblyY fpirited Anfwer to his captious Meffage

216

A Remark thereon 224

They are re-afiembled - 225

A hardy Aflertion concerning the Paper-Money A<3 pafled
by Governor Tbynas, refuted bv a Fait 226

An, Acknowledgment from the Officers of the Regular Forces

- of. certain Prefects made to them by the Afiembly ibid.

The Governor's Meffage to the Afiembly, faid to be founded
oh a Reprefentation of General Braddick's, requiring them
to enable him to furnifh the faid General with Provisions
under proper Convoys, &c. &c. 227

The Afiembly defire to have the General's Letter laid before
them, which the Governor declines, and thereby occafions

1 . a ney^ Controverfy 228

The Afiembly fend up two other Bills; one of io,oool. for
exchanging old Bills ; and one of 1 5,000 L for the King's
We, on the Model of that formerly pafled by Governor
Thomas* and confirmed at home by the* Royal Authority,
finpe the Inftru&ion fo often cited had been fent to the faid
Governor 232

Such Amendments offered to it by the Governor, as he could
not but be pre-convinced, would not be allowed 233

The Afiembly adjourn till September ; but are again con-
voked ia^tt/f, on Occafion of BraddocVs Defeat 235
Tte Govefto£r ? s Speech - ibid.

The Afiembly vote an Aid of 50,000 1. by a Tax on all real

and perfonal Eftates 236

The Governor makes a pompous Offer in the Proprietary's

Name, of certain Lands Weji of, the Allegheny Mountains,

a \&

n

. J*

CONTENTS.

to fuch military Adventurers as would fight for them % and

calls upon the Affembly to afford fome Affiftance to fuch as

feould accept the fame 237

A Remonftrance which certain Inhabitants of certain Placed

were induced to prefent to the Affembfy ibid*

The Addrefs of the Aflembly to the Governor 238

Their 50,006 1. Money-Bill returned, with an Ajti^hdment,

V by which the whole Proprittary-Ejlate was tabe teempt-

?ed from the Tax ' 239

The Meffage of the Aflembly to the Governor on that Oc-

cafion, defiling his Reafons for that Exemption ibid*

The Governor's Reply, containing four curious Reafons 240

The Afl£mblv > s Rejoinder, refuting th'ofc Reafons 242

Other Papers which pafied between them at the fame Crifis

247, &c.
TheRefidueof Braddock's Troops being recalled from the
Frontier, notwithftanding an Application of the Aflembly
to the Governor, requefting their Continuance there, be
calls upon the Houfe to provide for the Security of the Back
Inhabitants 251

A Remark thereon # 252

The Governor alarms and embarraffes thdm withP*//7/0«j from
certain Perfons requiring to be armed ; Intelligence of /*-
dians actually fet out, to fall upon their Frontier ; Return*
mendatiom to provide by Law agai n ft exporting Provifions
to the Enemy, as a Requifite to facilitate the Reduction
of Louijburgb ; and Demands of all Manner of Things fdr
the Affiftance of Col. Dunbar , who, by Orders from Ge-
neral Shirley* was again to proceed towards Fort Duquefne

253

A Propofal fr6m certain Gentlemen of Philadelphia to fub-

fcribe 500 1. in Lieu of the Proprietary Proportion of the
» Tax in Queftion, and upon a Prefumption that the Pro-
prietaries would honourably reimburfe them 254
The Aflembly fend up their Bill to the Governor again, to-
1 gether with the faid Propofal, as containing by Implica-
tion an Acknowledgment that the Tax was founded in
Equity, and alfo a farther Security to the Governor, in
Cafe he Should give his Aflentto the Bill 256
Their Meffage to the Governor, correcting his Manner of
i ftatirtg the Louisburgh- Point, and obferving, That all re-
: quifed of them from NeW'England was to prolong the ex-
cellent Laws they had already made ibid.
Some feafonable Remarks 25 7

The

CONTENT S.
"3D*e Gwrtf nw's verbal Anfwer to the AfleipMy's Meffage
»acerningthe Mo^y^Bill, adhering, to his, Amendment

H^^qnt^ficJ^.for,^ MiKti§ . ihtd^

%b$ Afiembly order loogl iffo much remained intheirTrea-

t fory, to arm the Back Inhabitants ibicL

They fignify their Purpofe to adjourn ; and refer the Affair

,of a Militia to a new, Afiembly 259

Their Proceedings at the next Meeting : TJ\e Governor Q*e-

fQaadsaa additional Supply of Provifianto be fent to Mr

\ianji at the Requifition of Governor Pbipps, for the Ufe

jof the Forces of Majfatbufets-Bay : And another , Supply

: Jot the Provincial Troops of Connecticut $nd Rhode- I/land,

whiqh he was informed were raifed in Addition to thofa

already employed in the Reduction of Crown-Point 261

The Afiembly apply for a Sight of Pbipp'% Letter* which, is

refufc^d . , 262

The old Controverfy renewed 263

A new one concerning the Roads opened at theExpence of

-the Province for the Convenience of the King's Forces,

r which is carried on with much Acrimony on both Sides

ibidy &c.
A&alaft Effort for the Publick Service the Afiembly autho-
rize by Vote a Loan, or voluntary Subfcription, of 10,000 1.
. to be raifed in a Fortnight, and refer the Lenders to the
next Afiembly for Payment 273

Aft Apology for the Length of this Treatife ; and a Brief
State of the Province at this Period 274

The nvfr Afiembly, after aSeffion of four Days, fuffered to
adjourn themfelves without proceeding to Bufinefs, for
want of having the Intelligence then in the Governor's
Hands in due Form imparted to them 276

Being recon voiced, the Governor informs them, that a Party
of French and Indians had palled the Mountains, and were
encamped within eighty Miles of the Capital, and, after a
liberal Intermixture of Upbraidings and Self- Sufficiencies,
demands a Supply ; premiiing, That it might be raifed by
an Emiflipn of any Sum in Paper, provided Funds were
found for finking it in Five Years, &c. 277

A Reference to the only A& of Parliament extant, and that
. anineffe&ual one, to prevent the OppreHions pradifed by
.provincial Governors , J*S°

Petitions of various Kinds and from various Quarters, f pre -
«r panted to the Afiembly , , . ; , v .. ibid*

t><t .' as The

CONTE NTS.

The Aflcrnbjy reduce and re&ify the Matter of Alarmr cofij>

' municated by the Governor ; and advife fuch Measures as

1 might reclaim the Indians^ &c. 5LS1

A new Meflage concerning the Depredations of the Indians

Sfcty Thufand Pounds granted, to be ftruckin Bills of Credit*
WhlcH were to be funk byia Tax of Six-Pmce'xn the Bound,
and a Poll Tax of Ten Shillings a Head* yearly, for Epur
Years ; which the Governor refiifes, and talks of /fitting
vff for the Back Counties z£j

A new Meflage reporting, That the Sufquehanna Indians had
offered their Service to the Province, provided it was .ac-
cepted without Delay 28 £

Two Meflages from the Aflcmbly to the Governor ; the firfl
concerning Peace with the Indians^ and the Money-Bill ;
the other an Anfwer to his concerning the Sufquehanna Indians

286, &c.

They fend up a Bill for regulating the Indian Trade 291

The famous Kentijh Petition to the H6ufe of Commons, in
1 701, out-done by the Mayor of Philadelphia, and One
Hundred and Thirty three other Incanfiderates, in a De-
mand on their AiTembly to conftitute a Militia forthwith

A Petition of certain of the People called Quakers, for peace*
able Meafures ibid.

Progrefs of the Controverfy concerning the Bill, which the
Governor offers to pafs with a fufpendlng Claufe 294 \

Refolutions of the Aflembly hereupon 295

Meflage from the Governor concerning another Indian Maf-
facre, and demanding an immediate Supply, &c. 296

Anotherfrom the Aflcmbly to him, juflifying their Bill both
in Matter and Manner ibid.

They fend him up a Militia Bill 299

The Governor's Inveftive againft their whole Conduct ibid.-

He pafles the Militia Bill, under a fpecifick Declaration that
it was an improper one 303

He communicates to the AiTembly a Difcuffion of Indian
Affairs, as prepared by his Council ; calls upon them to
provide for a Swarm of Punch banifhed out of Nova Scotia;
and fignifies that the Proprietaries had fent an Order upon
their Receiver-General, for 5000 1. as a Free- Gift to the
Public ibid.

Another Rtmonftrance from the Mayer of Philadelphia and I
hisJPofle 304

* The

^1'.

CONTENTS.

TK<P AflbjiiMy's Reply to the Governor's Ihfedhre, w^ich

6 fcrf the preftm they declined making ufe of 305

?ftic Anfwcr they did make Ufe of wf

Pfrltybetweetf the Speaker and twenty nine Petitioners, or

- rather Prefcribers to the Aflembly jU
Unanimous Refolutions concerning the Right of granting

Sdppfies to the Crown ; and a new Money-Bill^ out c£

which the Proprietary Eftatc was excepted, in Confidera-

• tioh of the late Grant of 5000I. 31%

The Aflembly's Meflage to the Governor explaining the Ufa

and prefEng the Di(p*tch of the Indian Trade -Bill 313
The Governor's evaftve Anfwer 314

Hfe Mcflagc defiring the Advice of the Houfe ibid.

The Aflembly's Anfwer 315

Thefr Meflage relative to the Complaint of the Shawantfi

Indians 316

Their Refolution concerning the In dian-T r*de Bill 3 1 y
Alfa concerning irregular aud improper Petitions 31&

They adjourn ; and two Months after are re-aflembled by

fpecial Summons 319

The Governor's Mtflagc on that Occafion ibid.

The Mdfege of the Aflembly in Regard to the inlifting pur-

- chafed Servants . 32a
General Shirley's Letter of Acknowledgment for a voluntary

Prefent of Cloathing fent by the Province to his Troops

324

The Aflembly remind the Governor of the Indian Tradc-
BiU 3 i 5

He returns it with Amendments, as alfo their Bill for extend-
ing the Excife 326

They adhere to their Bills and affign their Reafons ibid.

The Governor goes to Newcajlle 9 and the Aflembly ad-
journ ibid.

Sir-William Johnfert* Treaty with the Six Nations laid before
them at their next Meeting ibid.

The Governor appearing ftrongly inclined to involve the
Province in a War with the Delaware* and Shawamfe^
{time of the People called Quakers petition for pacific
Meafures 327

ThfcGbvernor on the other Hand alarms the Houfe with an
Account of a Number of Pebple coming in a Body to
j&akt Demands upon them ibid.

1 n ■ '•

tie

C : QHT£NTS-

Trhf*T Equanimity on that Occafion, * ga?

jphf Qoyernpr take? Advantage of this Jj*ici<JeRi tQaffecUre
/liVVj sgainft the faid two Indian Hations . ii J28

Ue alfo Remands farther Supplies, and jntiniates, that certain
Indians long fubfifted by the Province were retiring' in
JJtifcnnteot, &<v ihid*

The Aflembly'st Anfwer , ,, • 3^9

The Return made.by.the Governor : v ; ibid.

The Resolutions of the Aflembly cqpoerning a Pla^of^tt
litary Operations corronunicated to thera by the Governor

They adjourn and are re-alTembled 3gl

The Governor's Meflage to them from a Place called Har r
ris's Ferry ibid.

A Petition of the Aflbciation Companies in Philadelphia*
concerning the Infufficiency of the Militia-Law 332

TThe Reply of the Aflembly to the Governor's MejTage, ac-
companied with a Bill for prohibiting the Exportation of
Provifipns , / ibid.

Another Seffion, and two other Meflages from the Gover-
nor, who was ftill pofted at Harris's- Ferry 334*

A Money-Bill ordered, but poftponed; on the Receipt of
Intelligence from Sir Charles Hardy and Sir William John*
forty that the Delaware* and Shawanefe were difpofed to
renew their Alliance 335

The Governor proclaims a Sufpenfion of Arms 336

The Affembly's Meflage to him ; in which they again prefs
him to pais the Indian Trade-Bill : He promifes to re-r.
confid^r it; and a fecond Time calls upon them to cnake

/ fome (additional) Provifi on for his Support ibid.

[For a particular Account of the, Nature of the Support
or Salary of the Governors of Penfylvania. See the
AJfemblys Meffagein the Appendix^ Page 401,]

Sjx Members defire Leave upon the Adjournment to quit

their Seats, and at the next Seffion prefent a written Paper

^ to the Houfe as a Teft i monial thereof 337

Their Resignation accepted, and new Writs Iflued 338

The Governor's Meflage notifying the Appointment of Lord

t jLoudoun to be Commander in Chief in America^ as aJfo

L the A£i of Parliament for raifing a Regiment of Foreigo-

? era : Recommending particularly, that the Matters of fuch

i indented

3

W4^W

CONTfe NT S.

- indented Servants as (hould engage in the Service might &

1 indemnified ;^ahd* that, as by the Expiration of an Atft

-faffed in the Lower Count its, the Penfyhanian A& \ife\y

pafledJ, wouM expire alfo, they would prepare a propeV

Bill for continuing the Embargo, &c. ibid.

The Affembly's Reply, in which they (hew, the Governor

had invalidated the Afis of all the other Colonies by the

* Law he had paffed in the Lower-Counties 34 6

Their Meflage concerning the Excife and Indian Trade
Bills; and his Anfwer, that he could not recede from his
Amendments becaufe of his Proprietary Inftru&ion 341

The Inftrudtion itfelf ibid.

A Remark; and the Refolution of the Houfe on the fai<J
InftrucYon 312

An A& for emitting 4,oool. in Bills of Credit, on the Be-
half of the Proprietaries, to fupply fo far the public Oc^
Cations, till their Receiver- Gerferal ihould be enabled by
his Receipts to make good their Order 344

An Aft for finking and lffuing the Sum of 40,0001. for the
King's U/e, fent up to the Governor ' ibid.

His Meflage concerning an Attack to be apprehended from
the Indians about Harveft-Time 345

The Affembly's Anfwer ibid.

A Bill to permit the Exportation of Provifions for the King's
fervice, notwithftanding the A6\ of Prohibition 346

The GovernorV evafive Conduct with Relation thereto

ibid.

The Aflembly apprize him, July 5, of their Intention to ad-
journ till Auguji 2, and are told he has no Ocje<5Hon 347

Notwithftanding which, he re affembles them a Fortnight
afterwards, in the Midft of their Karveft, under the Pre-
tenceof continuing the Prohibition- Act ibid.

Petition of the Merchants in Relation to the Embargo 348

The Affembly's Anfwer to the Governor's Meflage 349

Another Meflage to him concerning the Preamble to the
4,000 1. Bill on Behalf of the Propriet ries 352

The Governor's Anfwer ibid.

He fends clown another Preamble, which Is not relifhed,

\ftfufe6 \<b pafs the Excife-Bil), and expunges the Claufe in

the 40,000!. Bill for taxing the Proprietary Eftate 353

His- Meflage concerning Indian Affairs, and the Expence of
cbndu&ing them 354

The* Affembly's Anfwer 355

r The

CONTENTS.

The Governor's Reply 35 6

A parting Compliment from General Shirley to the Province

■ ibid.
A new Seflion, and the Governor's Meflage thereon ibid.
The Aflembly's Anfwer 357

-Governor Morris is fuperfeded by Governor Denny 358
The new Governor complimented on his Arrival 359

His firft Speech a Continuation of the oW Syftem ibid*

The Bufinefs of the Aflembly at a Stand for a few Days

360
Their Addrefsj and Meflagp rcquefting Copies of his Pro-
prietary Inftrudions 361
Certain of the faid Inftrudions communicated 362
A ihort Comment upon them. [For farther Remarks fie the
Appendix, P. 423.] 3«7
'A Meflage to the Governor ibid.
The Governor's Anfwer 368
A Bill prepared for ftriking the Sum of 60,000 1. for the
King's Ufe r to be funk by an Excite ibid.
A Conference on the faid Bill 369
The Aflembly 's Anfwer to the GdiYernOr's Objeflions 370
The Governor's Meflage, fignitying, That he would not
give his Affent to it 375
&efolutionsof the Aflembly, (after a Proteft againft the In-
JfruftionS) and a SaJvo for their own Rights to prepare a
new Bill 376
A new Bill prepared apd parted 377
A brief Apology for the Conduct of the Aflembly 00 this
Occafion - ibid.
A Remonftrance voted 378
Conclufion 5 with a Teftimonial of Commodore Spry in Be-
half of the Aflembly ibid, and 380
An Appendix ; containing fundry original Papers relative
to the feveral Points in Controverfy between the Gover-
nors and Aflemblies of Penfylvania, vi*.

1. The Reprefentation of the Aflembly to the Proprieta--
ries, requefting them to bear a proportionable Part of Indian
Expences. 381

2. The Proprietaries Anfwer 5 and Aflembly's Remarks
thereon 383

3. A Meflage form Governor Morris^ containing his ad-"
ditional Arguments to (hew the Unreafonablenefs of Taxing

the.

CONTENTS.

the Proprietary Eftate f<k its Defence, and in Support of the
jRs&p3iaB& tie 1 was under in that Refpe& . 391

,z ch%: 3T&e Aflembly 's Anfwer thereto 39&

u i5- The Governor's Reply t 407

r^r6. The Afiembly's Rejoinder 4.19

: .1 ■> 1 •"»

>;>,;

£Note. In the above four Mefjages y great Part of the Prints
kr : f» Difpute between the Proprietaries and People of tbejPro*
vince are fully litigated j and the Perufal of them is neciffary
to thoft who would have a thorough Knowledge of the Con-
troverfy.]

r

7. The Speaker of the Penfylvanian AflTembly's Paper of
Authorities relating to the Rights of the Commons over
Monty^Bills-y and in Support of the 50,000 1. Bill pafled by
the Aflembly, (o far as it relates to the Taxing the Proprie-
tary Eftate within that Province 418

8. Report of a Committee of Aflembly on the Proprietary
Inflruftions relating to Money- Bills ; clearly dcmonftrating,
that though the Proprietaries would at length appear to be
willing to have their Eftates taxed in common with other
Eftates, yet that were Laws pafled purfuant to thefe Induc-
tions much the greateft Part of their Eftate would be ex-
empted, and that the Sums neceffary to be granted for his
Majefty's Service in that Province could not poffibly be raifed
therebf, &V. &c* — -A Paper of Importance. 423

9. Mr.Tbcmas Penn's Eftimate of the Value of the ^Propri-
etary i frate, in Pe^fylvania^ upwards of twenty Years ago;
with Remarks thereon, (hewing its prodigious Increafe fince
th^rt Time, the Profits ariiing to the House of Penn from
their Indian Purchafes, and the huckftering Manner in which
they difpofe of Lands to the King's Subjects in that Province

10. A Specimen of the anonymous Abufes .continually

fublifhed againft the Inhabitants of Penfyhania^ by the
roprjetaries and their Agents, with Mr, W.J&anklbi's Re-
futation thereof. 43 3
..* j^r.; Spme Remarks on the Conduct of the laft and pre-
fect Governor, with Regard to their employing the Pro-*
VMXcial Forces as Regulars, rather than as Rangers ; and (hew-
ing the fecret Reafon why that Province is at prefent
mithout a Militia~Law % notwithftandin^ the feveral Bills
w^jch have been lately pafled by the Aflembly for that
furpofe. 440
f. b 12, Aa

.CONTENTS.

12. An Account of fundry Sums of Money paidj>y the
Province for his Majefty's Service, Jinc$ the Commencement,
pf the pte/ent Troubles in America. 442

13. An Extract of an original Letter from Mr* Secre-
tary Logan, containing, among other Things, his Opinion
6f the Prtpr Utarf -Right to the Government of the three
Dtlaware-CouxtUs \ and which ferves to account for the
particulaf Favour flievvn that Government from Tjme to

line.

/

ERRATA.

*

Page * 03, Line 8, after the Word 2'W add onfy ; E. 13^, L. 4,
for one read «* ; P. 147, L. 15, for <wbi/l les rtzd <whitthi$ P;
2*)3, L. 4, for fet read fat i L. 9 and 10, for September 29 read

-f- '*

A".

*

4w-**pfpM****^i

t .JM-»1

I NTRODU CT ION,

TO obtain an infinite Variety of Purpofes,
by a few pjain Principles, is the Cha-
racter! ft ic of Nature. As the Eye is
affedted, fo is the. Underftanding : Objedts at
diftance ftrike us according to their Dimenfions,
or the Quantity of Light thrown upon them;
near, according to their Novelty or Familiarity ; as
they arc in motion or at reft. 'Tis the fame with
Anions. A Battle is all Motion ; a Hero all
Glare : While fuch Images are before us, we can
attend to nothing elfe. Solon and Lycurgm would
make no Figure in the fame Scene with the
King of Prujfia; and we are at prefent fo loft in
the military Scramble on the Continent next us,
in which it muft be confefs'd we are deeply in-
terefted, that we have fcarce Time to throw a
Glance towards America* where we have alfo
much at Stake, and where, if • any where, our
Account muft be made up at laft.

We love to ftare more than to re#e&, and to
be indolently amus'd at our Leifure, than to com-
mit the fmalleft Trefpafs on our Patience " by
winding a painful,* tedious Maze, which would
pay us in nothing but Knowledge,
r B But

INTRODUCTION*

/, >

But then, as there are fome Eyes which can
feia'nt^fegina^vdlotis, but whattsraarv^ifcafly.
great, fa there are others Which are equally \&
pofed t6 marvel at what is marvelfoufW little'iarid*
who fcart derive as much -Entertainment fr^rii
tfedr Mktfofcope in examining a Mite, as DJ\ ^- :
in afiiertaihifig the Geography of the Moon, or
meifuring the Tail of a Comet.

Let this ferve as an Excufe for the Author of
thefe Sheets, if he needs any, for beftowing
them on the Tranfadtibns of a Colony, till of
late hardly mentioned in our Annals •, in Point of
Eftablifliment one of the laft upon the Britijh
Lift, and m point of Rank one of the moft fub-
crdinate, as being n;ot only ft*bje#, in common
wkh the reft, to the Crown , bu t alfo tb the Claims
of a ¥rtfpri?ta*y % who thinks he does tlterri ife-
n&ur ' enough in governirig thei» by Dejnktf ;
cdhfequemljr h much farther femov'd'ffbm^lie
Rdyai Eye : j and fo much "• tht more &tpds *d td
the Pxeffurc of fetf-interefted thfttuBivni. •'

'« k -> -. * - * - l '- - ■ ' A ■* ' Mi J

Confiderabk, however, as moft of them for
Iffcppineft of -'Situation, Fertility of Stiu\ b f&>-
dma of valuable Commodities, Numfctt^f 2ii-
fflfckants,;- Shipping, Amount of • ' Mp&r&tk>ri&~
Lati&ute df ■ Kights and Privileges, ?*M i( time? -6&
ther Requififc for the Being "and WelfifieVg 1 of
Society, and more confidcrahle than any of them'
all for the Celerity of its Growth, unafliffied : byr
any human Help but the Vigour and Virtoe of
Hs own excellent Coaftituiadh. 7 > '- rj ! 7 _ y

M'

i-,-.-«-i »-<

i 7 N t:r od u cti on. .3"

[4 ( Fajthcf *q4 hi$ Family, the latter wit$dby
Inters^ an4 Affe&W, the former to be rever'd
fqr the WkiJQ^ of his Inilitatioqs> and the in-
(J^lg^nf Ufe of his Authority, was the Form it
was at ;firft wefpnted in, Thofe who were only
ambitious of Repofe found it here- an$ as none!
returned with an evil Report of the Land, Num-
bers follow'd : All partook of the Leven they
founds 3 Th? Community (till wore the fame
c $w4JfapP : Nobody afpir'd : Nobody was op-
pr$fsfdt> Jodijftry was Aire of Profit, knowledge
of Eik«p, and Virtue of Veneration,

4n 7 #flun*iqg Land-Jj>rd> ftrongly difpofed to
cor)%$f£ irqe Tenants into abjedt Vaflals, and to
reap wbathe did npt fow, countenape'd and abet-
ted .{>£& few defperate and defigning Dependants,
on lh^ v on^ Side ^ and on the othA, all who
ha?p^^e;pn9Mgh to know their Rights, and
Spirit ^QHgh tQ defend th$m, combined as one
Man agaiuft the f*id Land-Lord, %nd his En-
croachments, is the Form it has fincc affum'd.

roi m^iw

c ^fdLi t ^jrcj[y, tp a ^ion horn to Liberty 1&#
TfejSj^q^^rtp leave it unijppair'd as They re-
c^ft^jferfeffl their fathers in Perpetuity to their
I^i^^d^erefted, in the Conferv#tian of it i».
c K^ri6wffife 9f}^BritiJh Empire, the Par-
t$9^$s^/^^ : 9w^ cannot be y holly in-

On the contrary, ,it is reafpnable to think, $hc.
firft Workings of Power againft Liberty, and the
natural Efforts of unbiafled Men to fecutc ttam-

4 INTR O.DU.C TION.

felves againft the firft Approaches of Opprefliot
muft have a captivating Power over every Man 6c
Senfibilitv and Difcernment amongft us.

., y . - .-,•■•

Liberty, it feems, thrives beft in the Woods.
America beft cultivates what Germany brought
forth. And were it not for certain ugly Compa-
rifons, hard to be fupprefs'd, the Pleafure arifing
from fuch a Refearch would.be without Alloy.

In the Feuds of Florence recorded by Machia-
vely we find more to lament and lefs topraife.
Scarce can we believe the firft Citizens of the an-
tient Republics had fuch Pretenfions to Confide-'
ration, tho' fo highly celebrated in antient Story.
And as to ourfelves, we need no longer have Re-
courfc to the late glorious Stand of the French
Parliaments to excite our Emulation.

It is a known Cuftom among Farmers tochange
their Corn from Seafon to Seafon for the Sake
of filling the Bufhel: And in cafe 'the Wifdonv
of the Age fhould condefcend to make the like
Experiment in another * Shape, from hetice we'
may learn, whither to repair for the proper
Speciea.

It is not, however, to be prefum'd, That fuch
as have long been accuftomed to confider the Co-
lonies, in general, as only fo many Dependencies
on the Coancil-Board, the Board of Trade, and
the Board of Cuftoms; or as a Hot-Bed for'
Caufes, Jobbs, and other pecuniary Emoluments,
and as bound as effectually by lnfiru&ions as by

Laws,

■I^'^"^'"""-^-""— ^-"-"-^^^"^p

•^

INTRODUCTION. 5

f&Bfi cmy be prevail <1 upon to cqnfidcr thefe
pitriot-Ruftics with any Degree of Refpeift.

■\Qi p.:

Derifion, on the contrary, ma ft be the Lot of
fifth, who imagines it in the Power of the Peri, 1
t$ feifc any Luftre upon them; and Indignation
/teVi for daring to aflert and maintain the In-
dependency inwoven in their Conftitution, which
now, it feems* is become an improper Ingredient,
and therefore to be excifed away.

But how contemptibly foever thefe Gentlemen
may talk of the Colonies, how cheap foever they
may hold their Aflemblies, or how infignificant
the Planters and Traders who compofe them,
Truth will be Truth, and Piinciple Principle
potwithftanding.

Courage, Wifdom, Integrity and Honour are
not to be meafur'd by the Sphere afBgned them
' to a& in, but by the Trials they undergo, and
the Voucheis they fui-nifh : And if fo mani-
fested, need neither Robes, or Titles to fct them
off.

B3

i

A List of the feverat Governors, Deputy- Governors, and
PreftdenU of Penfylvanta^ with the Times , of their , xef- (
pedive Admioiftrations, &c. ,; (

Wm. Penny Proprietor, a&ed as Govern. fromO#. 1682 todfyg. 1684
Thomas Lloyd) Efq; Prefident, fom %. 1684 to Z^c«,l688

Capt, John Blackwsell, Dep. Govern. ftomt)ee. 1688 to Fi£. 1689^90
'Pre/dent and Council* from F*£. 1689-90 to April ±6, 1693 ?

Beys mi* Fletcher ; Efq; Governor, from ^/r// 26 to ^wa/ 3, 1693
Wk. Markham, Efq; Dep. Govern, from Jtefl* 3, 1693 to f>rr. 1699
.JFjwJV/ra.Efqjaflea again as Gov. fiom/^/r. 3, 1699 to AW. i, tjci
' Anirek»HamAnn,T£AQ£ Dep.Gov* fromiVW. i> 1701 toFeh. 1702- 3
Prefident and Council, from .&£• 1702-3 to Ff£. 1703-4

Join Evans, Efq; Dep. Govern, from /V£. 1703-4 to .FV£. 1708-9
Claries Gopkln, Efq; Dep. Gov. from March 1708-9 to 171?
S\r Wm. Keith t Bait. Dep. Govern, from 1717 to June 1726
Patrick Gordon, Efq; Dep. Govern, from y#»* 1726 to *73&
James Logan, Efq; rrefident, from 173610 1738
Gfrge Thomas, Efq; Deputy-Govern, from 1738 ro 1747
Anthony P aimer j Efq; Prefident, from 174710 1748

James Hamilton* Efq; Dep. Govern, from 174810 1 754

Robert Hunter Morris, Efq; Dep. Gov, frixnOJI. I754 ;o/f«£. 19,17 56
Capt. //w. Denny, ihe prefent Dep.Gov. from^«£. 1 9, 1 75 6

JV O J £, The R*yal Charter for Penjylvania was granted, March

4, 16^1

The King's Declaration or Proclamation of the faid Grant, ^r*7
2, 1681

The Agreement between William Penn and certain Adventurers
andPurchafcrs, intitled, Certain Conditions or ConceJ/tons, &c. was
figned in Englanl, July 11, 16S1

The firfl Frame of Government for the Province was made in Eng-
land, /Ipril 25, 1682

The firft Zawj tor the Province were agreed upon in England, May

5, 1682 V

The Duke of York\ Deed for Penjylvania was fign'd Aug. 21, 1682
The Duke of To>k % s Deed of Feoffment of Nevjcaftle, and Twelve

Miles Circle, to WtlUam Penn, Aug. 24, 1682
The Duke of Tork\ Deed of Feoffment of a Tracl of Land
Twelve Miles South from Nevjjafile to the Whorekills, to William
Penn, Ag. 24, 1682 ' ' 1

The iirft AjfemHy held in the Province was at Chefler, Dec. 4, 1682 •
1 he A3 of Union, annexing the Delaware Counties to the Pro-
vince; and the A3 of Settlement, containing a new Frame of
.■j Government, were palled, Dec. 6, 1682
Aivbtner Fran.e of Government was pafled, April 2, 1683
And another Frame of Government, Nov. 7, 1696
The Charter of the City of Philadelphia pafled, 03. 25, 170* , ,
The Charter of Pkivilegbs for the Province, bemg the prt feat
Frame of Government, pafled 03. 28, 1701.

■* ■ \ ■ 1 1

o;lL -'■

?? ~

_ «.A\

A N

HISTORICAL REVIEW

O F T H E

Constitution and G6vernment

O F

PENSYLVANI A, @V.

THE Conftitution of Penfyhania isderiv'd,
firft,from the Birthright of every Britijb Sub-
ject ; fecondly, from the Royal Charter grant-
ed to William Penn by King Charles II. and thirdly,
from the Charter of Privileges granted by the faid
William Penn as Proprietary and Governor, in' Vir-
tue of the former, to the Freemen of the faid Pro-
vince and Territories \ being the laft of four at fever-
al Periods ifiued by the fame Authority.

The Birthright of every Britifh Subjedt is, to have
a Property of his own, in his Eftate, Perfon and Re*
putation ; fubjeft only to Laws enafted by his own
Concurrence, either in Perfon or by his Reprefenta-
tives : And which Birthright accompanies him where-
foever he wanders or refts ; fo long as he is within
the Pale of the Britifh Dominions, and is true to hi*
Allegiance. *

The Royal Charter was granted to William Penn
in the Beginning of the Year 1681. A tftofc*Yara\-
ing Period I The Nation being in a ftroug Ti tttreoxs

B 4 «A

iVfc

r^ ■

r**f „- *-

•ml*-*:

8 "An Bifiorkal R E VI £W, &c.

M and the Court forming an arbitrary Plan ; whichyUtw '
^dcr the Countenance of a froall (landings Army^they
Ijegan the fame Year to carfy into Execution, by-ca*
jolling fome Corporations, and forcing others Jajy
^uffK^rrantGS to furrender their Charters : So rthdt
by the Abufe of Law, the difufe of Parliaments^ aod
the Terror of Power, the Kingdom became in EfFedt
^he Prey of Will and Pleafure,
1 The Charter Governments of America had, before
this, afforded . a Place of Refuge to the perfecuted
.and miferabfef : And as if to enlarge the Field of Li-
berty abroad, which had been fo facrilegioufly con-
tra&ed at home, Penfylvania even then was made a
new AJylum, where all who wifh'd or defir'd tq be
free might be fo for ever.

The Bafis of the Grant exprefsM in the Preamble
was, the Merits and Services of Admiral iV«#, ^rnd
the commendable Defire of his Spn tp enlarge ihe
Britijh Empire, to promote fuch ufefuL Comfno<^ties
as might be of Benefit to \t t and to civilize -the Ra-
vage Inhabitants.' - w \ ;- .

In the thjrd Section, which >conflitutes\ t&g ^feid

Wtlliam Penn the true and abfoljute Prpp^tftry^ of)the

*faid Province, there is a Savipg to the Cr$ wn^i of the

'JFaith and Allegiance of ttiq {aid William Rettfo bis

,'MeirS and Afiigns, and pf al), ,0/£ir< Prpprietaries,

Tenants arid Inhabitants of the &id Province, $s alfo

6f the Sovereignty thereof. ,.,,. , ; );

The fourth^ profeffing to .repo.fe fpecial: Truft ffid
'Confidence, in ' . the Fidelity, Wiffiom, ? Jnft&e [and
provident Circumfpedion of the faid Pen^ } gt^ts : ^}
fiitn and his Heirs, and to his snd tjhgir -Depj^ti^,
'free, full and abiolute tower, fpf the gw4w$Jbi$*
jy, Government of the faid Country, to q^ain^^^ke,
and enaft, arid j under his^pr their %ais*,^f pubHih
khyXaws whatfdever, for.xhe raifing x>{ Ntpn^for

tublic Ufes of the faid Province, or for, *py other

.pd appertaining, either unto tb? P r ublic^tate, P*a£e

"or Safety of the faid Country, or unto fche priya^U T

$M of particular Perfons, a^ording -m^f^

W I \i h r a mPen n, Efq. Governor.' 9

2^/WM**** ; by afccTwith the Advicfc, Aflent, and Ap-
probation of the Freemen of rhe faid Country, or the
gMier Fartof them, or of their Delegates and De-
'ftaftSSr to be aflembled 'in fuch Sort and Form, as to
bfoi tod them ftiai! teem beft, and as often as Need
Ibdl^require,

rfej the fifth, the faid William Penn is impowered
and authorifed to e reft Courts of Judicature, appoint
Judges and admimfter Juftce in all Forms, and carry
ail the Laws fo made as above, into Execution, un-
der ^he Pains therein expreffed ; provided the faid
Law* be confonant to Reafon, and not repugnant or
contrary, but (as near as conveniently may be) agree-
abfe* to the Laws and Statutes and Rights of Eng-
land ; with a faving to the Crown in cafe of Appeals :
■^F&r'this Reafon doubtlefs, That in cafe any Aft of
iffjjuWee^or O£preflion was committed, the Party in*
jbr'd^higftt be fare bf Redrefs.
^ ^Ihe^ fix th, which prefumes, That in the Go*

Craftiest tit fo ^teit a Country, fudden Accidents

might happen, which would require a Remedy, be-
tf&e ^Ffkw^oHhtii Delegates could beafleiR-.
*-^)^c»7fi|k«;U^^ 2 6f Xaws,'; the faid 'William,ge^
^d-M* 7/ Hei^y;b^ thenfifelves or their Magijfyatf*

dtiel^^firiro, 'rkrt jmpowered to make and QQn|t£*
.ttftfe'fite'^ticJ &h6Hb'me Ordinances* fj-Qm . Time', tQ
Jfim, *3 W^fiw^e Prefervation of tHejIfcacr^as

fpr the better Government of the Inhabitants* (Upaer?
fafihtiifctt^ proviib as riiat' above, regarding the. JLaw«~
bffid ^fcfcithstf' the fiid Ordinances be *v >t ex t- j
<3k&&tf$oxiio viHd,' change, or take away the $jg| .,.,
f^l^rt^of^any^Pcrfon or Perfons, for or jn thsir
J feifetjfM'efriberV, 1 Freehold, <$bods.or Chattcls v , .
,-^l^rhtfite^Tie EtraV'that Heither the faid mUiadPMt
i&MtelPRips^oT dfter the Planters^OvvperX^Inba-
itttaXftiQ^ ttft ftW ! PfQvin^e,' may by lylifeonftru^'i^i
i&faheXl*bvft?f aforeTalH/'through Inadvertenqy,or^t^-
%$ de^'ftotii trielf Faith and AIJegiaf$f. to \he

-Qr»»Hi' , ail r! fe9efit l h' !C Seaion provides, That a' Tr^f-
n - ,: >ti^D^pBe a fe b^altXaws, fo made atvd ^b-

AW§ r

Mm&& aforeftid^ flia« ^fthitf live Years iftir"^
**&k*^vtfb**l$fy fefc tranfrfmted ^delivered to ih*^
FtfVy €oi*fi«» fdt -tin Time betng 5 and ifdettefed
by the Kta<* irv CetintH 1 , incohfift^ht'#itH tht Sover-'
^%ftty or "j&w&A Prerpgativei oF tfte ;i Crowri y ofr coh-c
trary to the Faith and Allegiance due to the kgdf
frmmmp-bf'-ltoto Realm, (hall be adjudged void.
caTbtXMWIiiti*Pe*nh alfo Obliged tti have at*
Attorney or Agefrt to be his refident Refprefentative
at fcste kr*own Place iff London, wh6 is ' tb be in-
frrefabitf to the Crown for any Mrfdemeanor dom-
fitted; or wilftri Ddfault or Negfeft, permitted by
tte faid PeHn .ggainf! the Laws of Tfadfc and Navi-'
gatiOn •, aad to defray the Damages in his Majfefty's
Courts a fee r twined j and in cafe of Failure, the Go-
▼ifrnmeht to fee tefurri'd and retailed trll payment has
been mads, witWmt fciiy Prejudice however in any
Refped to the Landholders or IhhWitants, who are
not to be affiled or feiolefted thereby. ; r *

, Hif Majefty moreover covenafrisind grants to and
with fcfce ■ fci&WtHiafh Penn, in the tweftriefh Se&ion>
for htafelf, *hU M#f s artd Succeflfors, at ho ¥ ime
tJttreaftfc* to itap6ft or levy ahy Tax oft* tfie Inlia$i-
fifit$ irt afty Shape, urilefs thefame be with the Con-*
fete* 6f thf- Proprietary or chief ( Governor, Or A&rh- .;
fcfy> or by Aft of ; PafliamehtWi:^^ ; : , ii;

Oft Paiff df Ms hrghfeft DrfpJeafure, U^M %j^
fftandsatl his Officers ?nd Miniff^^that rtjdy &i?™c
j#efum6 ac *tijr Time l/; ^' " ' :LinV7

. tortt? afy of th* Fr*fti' '

itfkhftarid the feme .:' Ana, on tne contrary, inroins
the*), to tout all Times aiding arid aififtir&W &a*£
fitting, id tfre te&Wmm Ptim and ! Hli j Hefh /1$K
tmto the Inhabkants and Merchants of riife " c J^atf ft8e
afortfaid, thefr Servants, Mihifters, - Factoid iiti M^
figns, frt the^ full Ufe and Fruition of the IknM£,6f :
the fiid Gharter. • ■■-' ~ u - v ^ - v j ; * ua

And mxhe toft Flat*, a Protifioh is maff^;Hi^
King's fpecial Will, Ordinance £nd Cdm^a*hc^ ? thit, r
in cafe any Doubt or Queftrori fhould thereafter per-

*&W<& apfp* ^ n c^rpv?g ifo true Sei>(V or Meamifg

&jf1fw^b^t or Sentence contained thcrett*
fcc^ f l^eypfetatfoji Jhoiijq be o^de thereof and at^

a^u^ged' mpjl; gciyanjtageous antf favourable to the

fy&jffillidfr jr{fflt» hjs lrjeir$ and Afligns * pror^
^d^d, always, *thpt no Interpretation be^admittod
thereof, by whi^h tfie Allegiance due to\the Cr0Wn,
fhay Aififer any Prejqdke qr Diaunmor?^ ,.> ,;n
The "Whole cpnfifts of twenty thr^/S^iorwi^ of
^liich, it is prefumed, thefe axe the rnoft material.
They are pepned with all the Appearance. p£ Candour
ahd Sin^pficity. imaginable ; fo that if Craft h*d any
'filing £6 do with them* never was Craft bettjer hid.-*-
As little is left* as poflilple to /iter* Inftru&ions* and
np where, is th^re to be found the Shadow of a Pre-
t^e, n Tb^t li^fqliti(8ip/is (houl4 be. Laws. All ia
fe^l|^ ; ^gr?ca^iQ ,MYf and Reafeni the? Claims «f
the Crown and trie Rights of the ^i3.b)e£t ; nor, -in-'
d^, Q v^fljhe Or^tHhaye botfi yahd v if k h*d been

au^p|i(^te^ by -jdflf , ip* his Seals. , The Fpitns of

O^^ih^ch X^jjroyidingfc Tbafi mttyng illegal
(halt be cafr^a, intQ, %qcjUtion *, apd xfoyQffoerhw*!
fe$.heiraK^ Law? in Cafe of yfeldiag

f r^a^s, ttmiced Jn all.A^'wd Graots by;
[£f$}#l? 9!, tfo Conftitutian *,, aitd^tbaf*>
^j^p^e ;> a^y one Mfqb ; or i J^Hit ,of \ *be *

as it b

Al&W x ij8& we\other 5 ^an Jt tifobliffcaftf
9^5^°^ $ 99^^^^hinjnft#ai*!*ef Scale,
™fP wi ^4&?FlK I Wilis A f9 ty Ae^grwb i Ch&rtttr > of

■>..• < j <

t if it is remarkable, That fuch an J«ftrUi»enc
4, te^p^cwth^jiii tobitf&ry Court,
< nfej !M fhe King's Bfothec* Jmu

.... ' 1^% . -

la An Hijtmcal REVl.Efi\ &c,'

J&\&L$oi :Tork (afterwards the moft uhhappv-«f
Kings) was at the Rebound, a Party in it i\\ Fof'tt
fterps»~ j&e JJigfct to all that Tradt of Land how
calk< ! the Territories of Pennjylvania 9 was, by a prior
<3raffti veiled iri hkn.; and* .-In; Augufi .i68g, ?> 'ftc
jafljgned ifchjl hi$:Deeds of Feoffment to the faid WiU
*tidt* f Bettn. -} I

; , Iff rrtay aifo be inferred, That the feid WilHam Perin
b^been^diUgejnttn collecting a Number of pro-
$>er Adventurers together, as in obtaining the necef-
tary Authorities from the Crown : For ih the Interval
tpetween the Charter and the Grant he made Ufe of
the provifional Powers given him by the fixth Sec-
tion of the Former, to pafs his firft Deed of Settle-
ment Cinder the Title of " Certain Conditions^ or
€Q Conceflionv agreed upon by Willi am, Penn 9 Pro-
'■** prietary and Governor of Pennjyivaniaj ind ihok
; c * who are the/Adventurers and Pur^hafers in' th^ lame

L This, lioweVjgr, contains only. Roles of Settftetftcrit
, : and i 6f Trade with* and Treatment of; the IndHim,
^c. Vith the 1 Addition of fome general lnjtifl£ti6$s for
*prefcrvtng Bf GndSerand keeping the Peace, iggrt&atile
to theCuftdms, Ufages and Lawk of ~EngtoWd\
- lift the next Ydar following, Mt.Pmn prihttfd and
•published a.Syfterti of Government Uride^ the folloW-
jteg Title, to Wit, " Th6 Fratne*rif the Govfcrnrntfht
, ;: c * of the Province of Pennjyhania in America r 7 tb-
<* c gather with certain Laws agreed xrpoft ill E^tifid^
• ft- by the Governor and divers Frfeemen of the afdrb-
••**• faid Province; To be farther esdiiined aad (ffch-
**- firmed tber$; by the firft Provincial Counci), if r 4hey
"fee meet" 5 >r:onDT"

V- At the Head^of; this Frame, or Syftvm,i is4tfhort
. prelittiinary Rifcourfe, Part of ; which? fef vfc$ td ^glve
, qs a more lively Idea of Mv^Penn - preadMttg'in
'4jrace-£hurch-$>ttzzti than/we derive from Rtipkaefs
.Qirfopn [of Paul preaching at Athens : -Afc * M&h of
tConfcience he fees out \ as a Man of Reafoh he^fW)-
: - / ceeds j

c*

cc

«4.

4C

CC

William Penn, Efy. Governor. t$

ceeds; and as a Mart of the World he offers the
Ipoftqplaufible Conditions to ail, to the End that hi
JftigN gaio feme.. ."!

vqTw-q Paragraphs of this Difcourfe, the People of
Jtewjylvanid ought tor Have for ever before their Eyes:
? 7fo c wk* .1 . " Any Government is fir ee to the Peopte ,
^whatever be the Frame) where the Laws rule and
the People are a Party to thofe Laws : And rtiore
" than this is Tyranny, Oligarchy, or ConfaB^n."
2. " To fupport Power in Reverence with the Pec*-
ple, and to fecure the People from thfc Abufe tif
Power* that they may be free by their juft Obe-
dience, and the Magistrates honourable for their juft
^Admtfoiftfation, are the great Ends of all Govern-

£ jijent"

This Frame confifted "of twenty- four Articles, and

favpq red very ftrongly of Harrington and his Oceana.

la &he f Governor and Freemen of the Province, in

JhftFflflaa *>f ac provincial Council always in being

and yet always changing, and General AnemWy, the

Sav^W&W was;placed. By them conjunftively, all

£*3*&\w$& to.be made, i&l Officers appointed, and

$11 jptiMizk Affairs jrairfa^ed. Sevchty-cwd was the

jK^P^ tbkGouricytiwas to confift of: They were to

be chcifw.^y the Freemen ; and, tho' the Governor

i$l hia ^Peputy was to ,, be perpetual President, he> had

-fo&dt tf€bteV^te^ One Third of diem was, at the

3(foft*n jDa.be c&ofen for three Years,- one Third for

-d^9^iC«ar$r andibne Third for one Year; in fuch^

f '^^5M9irtlhaiLt^em)fliould be an annual Succeffion of '

-#I#0^f<W:ttfiw Members, 6fc. TheGerieral Affem-

-jfejjf Me teftrft^to confiflr of all the Freemen, after-

^t^s^.two^taftndred, add neVer^as t& exceed five

hundred.

iiodfttai kwfc v%reed upori in England >were in all
5^gt]55 p$niy political, partly moral, and partly ceco-
nPPgHfilk^u'fhfiy are.rdt the Nature of an original
g , fe!R^^ rrteSweecr the Proprietary and the Free-
Id&Bft/ yid/va* &ch were reciprocally received and

-tS^c&e^^i '^ wit • •

**?»«.w,..,

I J Art tilftcrical R E V\E fa &c. ''

, But m the following Year, the $cenp of Action
being Shifted from the Mother Country to the Cc>lpQy r
the Deportment .of the L^giflator was fhiftecj $00**
. Le(s of*he M^n of God flow appeared, and piore of
t|e*Mfn pf t)ie World. « \ ( , -

One Point he had already carried againft die Infill*
nation of his Followers $ namely, the Refervation of
•Quit-Rents, which they had remonftrated againft as a
Burden in itfelf, .and, added jto the rurchafe-
Mbney* w^ without Precedent in any other Co-
l9riy: "But he artfully diftinguifliing the two Ra-
pacities of Proprietary and Governor; and infinu-
ating, That Government tnuft be fupported with
Splendor and Dignity, andthat by this Expedient they
would be exempt from other Taxes - 9 the Bait took and
the Point was carried.

Tp unue the Subtlety of the Serpent with the In ^
nocence pf the Dove is not fo eafily done a&JaicL
Having in this Inftance experienced the Weight #f v
bis Credit and the Power of his Perfuafion, he wai ;
no fooner landed*, than he formed a double J§c;bpm$
for uniting the province wij.h the -Territory^ t^p* -jc
' dce$ not appear he was properly authorised fa tq dp^
and to fubftitute another Frame of ppvernrijgijtii^
Lieu of .the former, which having anfw^redj^thc .
gceat Purpofe pf Inducement here at Hpm,*, for col^
ieding of Su^j^Sy he was noy ^pcliped p rep^ep,
fotnewhat more' favorable tp ^imfetf' in R^yqCj
Govpment,T " "'■ ' .. \ ,' ,\ ; ; ; ^ xblfiw

,Of miKjh Arcifice we find him ; accufed^^^e.
Provincial Af^n>bly of 1704, in ?iKepre|^^Sp^
adfJreffed t;o himfeif) in the whole C°urfe ^n^i^jj
Pi-oceeding : Whether juftly or not let t^pVgft^^

T^ytelJ himr f for Example^ info many ^q#fo;|
" Th$i we 6j)d by the Muiutes 9? the A^mtyy^f}^
" pther Pa#ep r as. well as living, Witpe(Tes t) ^^i
" foon after thy f^rft A^rriy^) -hefe^ 7£hoij, _$a#ji}g^
" obtained the Duke's Grant for the three tower
" Counties [the ierritory that is to fay] prevailed

7 " with

~\

±>j

Willi v^ifif^fyK^ $Lfa. Governor. r$

<f with the People of the fyovince to ufiite in Legiflar
^rafr and Gotferriment With them of the Lvkar

could admit thep Tirtie then to cohfujer of,, a Vfif
"was found 9ut to Jay afide That, arid iritrbdocc
u another Charted which thou complied in the Yrtr
«• 1683."

At z Place called Cbtfer, in Z>wmJ*n~ 168*, thfc
Freemen both pf the Province and Territory vera
cohVerifcd y but thofe of the Province having, by
Efe&ibn,, returned twelve Perfons to ferve for each
Conftty a* Members of the Provincial Council, were
indtiee;d to accompany that Return with Signification*
aftd -Petitions by their Sheriffs, Csfr. importing, that
becaufe of the Fewo^fs of the People, their Inahiiiry
in&Me, ari(J their Unfkilfulnefs in Matters of Go-
vrfhm^t, their Defire was, that the Twelve fo tc-
tuttid^ ?for 'egth' County might ferve both for Pro*-
vihiHaFfcdtiriril [ &M General Afiembly j that is t6
Gffitffctf tiich Twelve for Members of Councit,
artd ^Veffiani^ Nine for Aflembly-Men 5 wkh thfc
faftfe Pfe^ers a&d? Privileges granted by %bc Charter
of 1I F¥3aff^ aF^W^VDtoent to the whoje: And acr-
c»&i^to v te ^^Ecations and Petitions of tbdrt,
an ! Af6!^f ^ftl^nent > was drawn up and paflcd, irt
wlffefi';* 1 afftr the ISM Charter or Frame has bee© art-
fjRy ^ffitt^ioiibd as Uric x>f thofe probationary Laws,
which by \h$ Council ^nd AffembJy might be altered
aPHeSItee,^hi Model of .the faid Council and Af -
f*W^?Wdttced is admitted j the Perfons fo re-'
u&Vfe^^dtdat-ed and enafted to be the Jfcgai Cotan-
eff^fl^r AflHnbly i the Number of the faid Coundil
isfixe^at three Perfons out of each County for the
TflSfiP W tyffi ;' the Number of Aflfcffibly-Meh for
eafeR^teed $;&ti and, after a Varfety df far-
d#%«|a^i f .tht faid Charter o^ Frame fcfo.
y^^eM^m accented ; as jf *ith ihefe Al-
-t»»& ***« aril tcr terations

i6 An Hijlorical REVIEW, &c.

terations and Amendments it was underftood to be
complete;

The Aft for uniting the Province and the Territory
-humbly be/ought r as it is therein fpecified, by the De-
puties of the faid Territory, was alfo pafled at the
lame Time and Place ; in virtue of which all the
Benefits and Advantages before granted to the Pro-
vincials, were equally communicated to both ; and
both from that Time were to be as one People under
one and the" fame Government.

• Of this Aft, however, the Provincial Aflembly of
1704, in the Reprefentation to their Proprietary be-
fore cited, complain in the Terms following :

46 And as to the Conveniency of the Union of the
44 Province and Lower Counties, we cannot gainfay
44 it, Jf the King had granted thee the Government
* 4 a; the Duke had done the Soil : But, to our great
44 Grief and Trouble, we can't find that thou had
4t any fuch Grant ; and if thou had, thou would not
•^produce it, tho* often requefted fo to do ; -there-
44 fore we take it the harder that thou, who kn£w
44 how precarious thy Power was to govern the Lower
44 Counties, (hould bring thy Province into fuch a
44 State and Condition* that whenever the Crown had
44 affumed that Government, or the People there re-
44 volted or refufed to aft -with us in Legiflation, as
44 they often did, that then the faid fecond Charter
44 fhould become imprafticable, and the' Privileges
44 thereby granted of no Effeft to the Province, be-
44 caufe the Repreferitatives of the Lower Counties
44 were equal in Number with thofe of the Province,
44 and the Charter required a greater Number than
<c the Province had, or by Charter could eleft for
44 Members of Council and Afiferfibly ; and»our Num-
44 bers, by the Charter, could not be increafed with*
44 out the Revolter's Confent."

In the Interval between this Seflion at Chejler in
December 1682, and the next at Philadelphia in March
and April 1683, Mr. Penn* notwithftanding the Aft

of

William Penn, Efq. Governor. 1.7

of Settlement* furnifhed himfelf with another Frame *
ijp j>art £onformable..to the firft, in part modified ac*
trording to the faid A£b ; and in part efientially dif-
ferent from both. — And concerning this again, the
%fikxvb\y of 1704, in their Reprefentafion aforeiaid,
thus freely expoftulate with the Proprietary. To wit, ,
" The Motives which we find upon Record, in-
" ducing the People to accept of that fecond Charter,
" were chiefly Two, viz. That the Number of Re-
** prefentatives would prove burdenfome to the Coun-
*• try : And the other was* That, in regard thou had
** but a treble Vote % the People, through their Un-
".fkilfulnefs in the ,Laws of Trade and Navigation,
€t might pafs fome Laws over thy Head repugnant
€t thereunto, which might occafion the Forfeiture of
<fc the King's Letters Patents,, by which this Country
c< was granted to Thee ; and wherein is a Claufc for
<c that Purpofe, which we find much relied upon,
4; and frequently read or urged in the Aflembly of
.", that Time ; and Security demanded by Thee from
<c the People on that Account." — " As to the firft Mo-
" tive, we know that the Number of Reprefentatives
-" might have been very well reduced without a new
" Charter : And as to the Laws of Trade, we can't
" conceive that a People fo fond of thyfclf for [their]
"Governor, and who Taw much with thy Eyes in
" thofe Affairs, fhould, againft thy Advice and Cau-
"tions, make Laws repugnant to thofe of Trade,
'* and^ fo bring Trouble and Difappointment upon
^memljejve , by being a Means of fufpending thy
4< Admihiftration ; the -InSuence whereof and Hopes
cc of Ay Continuance therein,, induced them, as we
•^ch^rit'ably conclude, to embark with thee Jn that
l< ;igreatand weighty Affair, more than the Honour
"due to Peifons in tho r e Stations, or any finifter
." Ep$Meftru&Lve to the Conftitution they afted by. .
Xh^refore, we fee no juft Caufc thou had to infift
on fuch Security, or to have a Negative upon Bills
* r to be pafled into Laws in General Affemblies, fince
" thou had by the laid Charter (purfuaca to xhs. Kw-

C " \kw\vj

\

ig An Hifiorical REV IE W, &c.

" thority and Dire&ion of the King's Letters Patent
u aforefaid) formed thofe Affembltes, and* thcre-
** uppn reftrved bijt a treble Vote in the Provincial
<c Council, which could not, be more injurious to
** thee than ;o the People, for (the Repfons afore-
Vfcid."

And again, afterwards.

"Thus was the firft Charter laid afide, contrary
" to the Tenor thereof, and true Intent of the firft
*' Adventurers ; and the fecond Charter introduced
* 6 and accepted by the General Aflembly held at -PW-
" ladelphia in the firft and fecond Months i6Bj,
• 4< where thou folemnly teftified, that what was in-
" ferted in that Charter was folely intended by thefe
46 for the Good and Benefit of the Freemen of the

Province, and profecuted with much Earncftnefs

in thy Spirit towards God at the Time of its Com-
•* pofure."— —

In lefs than three Years after Mr. Penn's Arrival
in the Province, and when it began to wear a thri-
ving Face* a Difpute between Lord Baltimore, Pro-
prietary of Maryland, and him, furniflied him with
a Pretence to return to England \ leaving the Go-
vernment to be adminiftred by five Commiffioners
of State, taken out of the Provincial Council, the
Remainder of that Council and the General Af-
fembiy. - .

James IL was now on the Throne. Mr. Pfw» was
attached to Ijiin clofcly by Obligations, if not by Prin-
ciple^. Tha£ Prince's impolitic Plan of rieftbringrthe
Roman JEUtuaL-by univerfal Toleration, feema to fiave
been $lmoft itjfpjred by him.— In the King's Diipute
wit^i the Fellows of Magdalen College, Mr* Pmn
was an a&ive. Inftrument on his Majefty's Behalf, not
without Tome injurious Imputations to himfelf : And
for fome Ye^rs after the Revolution, had the Mif-
fortune to lie under the Sufpicions and the Frowns
of the Government. . >

His Nurfling-Coloity was yet in the Cradle, while
it was thus darted j cenfequeady ftood in need of

all

Oaf>t. SlAckwbll, Dep, Governor, tg

aH Expedients to'fatrlitatc its Growth, and all Pre-
fevktives againft Difbrders.

1 Dkbrders it a6hralfy fell into, which are ftill to be
traced in the Minutes of their Aflertiblres, — One
Mere in particular, we find impeached by the Af-
fembly before the Provincial Council, of Mifde-
meanor in ten feveral Articles, and, in a Letter to
the Proprietary figned by John' WTnte^ Speaker, re-*
prefented as an afpirtng and corrupt Mtnijttr of State.

We find the Affembly and Provincial Council at
Variance about their refpe&ive Powers and Privileges :
What is more extraordinary ftill, we find the Propri-
etary, in 1686, requiring and enjoyning his faid
Commiffioners to diflblve the Frame of Government
by his late Charter conftkuted : And they not being
able to carry this Point, we find, in December 1688,
a Deputy -Governor appointed, Captain John Black-
well 9 who, like a pra&ifed Man, fet out with endea-
vouring to fow Difientions among the Freemen, and
by making fuch a Difpl&y of the proprietary Power
as might awe 'a the Majority into proprietary Mea*

(Flmsjfobwf&bitet the former Speaker, who figned
thcrj^tterfrom the Aitetnbly to Mr, Penn concern-
mg the^Miidemeanflfs of More^ was no fooner re-
tu&e&ifor, the County of Neweajile, than he was
thrown into Prifon, and by Violence wrefted out of ,
A^HbatHs/of the Aflembly after he had been brought
upitfi Phtisdelpkia by Habeas Corpus.— Tfie faid Go-
iccbi)Qn satli find mg that the faid Affembly was not of
thcsrpcopmtaty, CciAlpledion, and that they were
dtfpqftd 2tWi&f*efi th$ Sefliop with a Difcuffion of
GtiftaaAS, fo^nfl Pfcttnces for feveral Days to evade
goring thtrti A^itfi<ft»-all either frivolous or ground-
less^ ai^a'the-in^ii Time left no Stone unturned,
tdifebpe* the Council w hfs own Mind; and then by
thcifiiuinoie-^twe^ makea fuitable Impreffion upon
the Affembly.

siillte ^USratolyi^ hdtftver, not only retained their
Bittefltfsp^Otaifo took Care to leave the two fol-

C 2 lovf uv$

K*Jhf

io An BJlorkot REVIEW, tec.

< it

lowing' Memorials of it in their Minutes? To
Wit*. _

May 14. 44 That whereas this Afiembly have at-
C4 tended here for feveral Days, and have ftrnt feveral
44 Meffengers to the Governor and Council, appbinted
44 to confer with the Members of Affembly according
to Charter: And whereas the faid Meffengers have
given this Houfe to underftand, That they were
apfwered by the Governor, That there was not a
44 full Council to receive them : And, whereas this
44 Hotife bang well affured, that there is, and has
44 been, for thefe two Days laft paft, a competent
V Number of Members in Town, ready to yield
* 4 their Attendance, yet feveral of the faid Members
cc have not been' hitherto permitted to fit in Council,
44 to the great Detriment and Grievance of the Coun-
44 try : Therefore, we defire, that thefe Grievances
44 may be fpeedily redrefled, and our Liberties invio-
** lably preferved."

May 15. 44 That no Perfon who is com million ated
44 or appointed by the Governor to receive the Go-
44 yernor's Fines, Forfeitures or Revenues whatfo-
44 ever, fhall fit in Judgment in any Court bf Judi-
44 cature within this Government, in any Matter or
44 Caufe whatfoever, where a Fine or Forfeiture fhall
44 or may accrue to the Governor."

On the laft of thefe two Days, and previous to the
laft of thefe Votes, the Governor at length favoured
them .with rhe Meeting defired % arid thereat made a
Speech in which are the following remarkable Para-
graphs : viz. ; i°

44 I fuppofe you have beefl fotnrieriy acquainted
with the Reafons and Neceffity of the Proprietary's
abfenfing himfelf To long from you as till the late
« 44 Revolutions in England ; he hath frequently evi-
« 4 denced his ftrong Defire above all Things to be
« 4 reftored to you : What hath hindered of late, we
have from the divers Reports of Thingis tr&nfa&ed
in England, which require we fhould watt for their
being rendered more certain ; and, in the mean

V T\rcv&>

€1

cc

Capt. 9lackwe.il, Dep. Governor. 21

Tims,, ftnve in. our Prayers, that the Lord, who
governs this Univerfe, will do it in his Wifdom
<c and Gpodrwil^ towards all his fuffering People,
*? and oipfehne* in particular.

" I (Uppofe, (gentlemen, you expe&ed fome Bills
u fhould have been fent down to you from the Pro-
"vincial Council, for your Confideration, before
™ your coming up and paffingthem ijuo Laws at this
'" Meeting. Divers < Reafons might be why none
" were ; I (hall acquaint you with fome of them :
<c viz* . ' .

cc 1, The honourable Proprietary, for Reafons
" known to himfelf, hath given pofitive Directions
" for letting all the Laws drop or fall, except the
'< Fundamentals, and afterwards for calling together
" the Legifbtive Authority, to pafs fuch of them,
" or others, as* they fhould fee fit for the Future •,
V which i$ my full Intention to do.

44 2. The honourable Proprietary, being, by his.

C4 Patent fifom the King, authorifed by himfelf, his

JHteirs, /&c, with Confent of the Freemen, to

m%kc 7 and under his Seal to pubjifh, -necefiary

Laws for the Good of the People; which had never

been done with allrequifite Circumftances, whilft

<c j. himfelf was here 5 and without which, I much

<c doubt, whether what were paffed, or fhould here-

:ff c3ftei , i |bft pafled, h?ve that due San&ion or Eftablilh-

ff,i^^t f wbic}i Laws require: And finding the Great

^§f#W i tt§4f rw bich they fhould pafs, was not to be

yl%^^i2zjkf> ( Keeper thereof refufing to allow the

" Ufeof it in any. Cafes by my Dirediion, I there-

^^il^-J^^/JH^nitas Labour in vain to attempt

m! $ftiWtg?$tent,£o&vre and Alteration of Affairs

• X *M Mnlvw^ ^ e Uncertainty touching the Condi-

-d^oP^riftflthp Proprietary himfelf, and his Power;

p l \#m ^ft^f^fSf'of what Dangers might enfue, as

i^llBrt} 40 JH«P ** ourfelves, in* palling and confirm-

^^£&*ws;of fuch a Nature, as would have been

finfc rr LI Cj " approve

«c

i'J

I

cc

22 An Niftomal RE FIE W, &c.

" approved of in this Conjun&ure of Affairs^' &jr^
u bad it, °

" 4, The Animofities and Diffenftods whictf were
<c here amongft you before I tame, and have been r
** lately revived amongft the Members of thfe Pfo-
<c vincial Council, by the Endeavours of fome, as to
<c their Proceedings in that Service, hindered their
€€ Agreement in Council, as to doing any Thing ;
** infomuch as 1 was conft rained, for Love and Peace
€ * Sake, upon that and the other foregoing Conftdera-
" tions, to difmifs them from further Attendance on
cc that Account,

cc 5. An Expedient occurred to me, of lefs Danger
to us all : viz. That I, being by my Commiflion,
f * as aforefaid, referred for my Rule and Inftru&ions
" to the Laws then in being, and which had been,
<c as well by the Proprietary as People, approved
" and owned as fuch, whilft he was amcmgft you
•*' here, and obferving that he had referved the Con-
" 6rmatipn and Difannulling of what Laws ftduld
" be made in his Abfence, to himfelf; fo that if
• c any were or fhould be propofed, they could not
<c take Effeft among us as Laws, till his Keafure
4C fhould be therein declared ; I came to a Refolu-
" tion within myfelf, of obferving them in the
** Courfe of my Government, as fo many Rales and
€C Inftru&ions given me by my Matter, as Far as I
cc Ihould find and judge them not contrary to the
cc Laws of England, and in fupplying the Want or
€i Defeft in your Laws by the Laws of England^
u which I believe will be moft grateful to bur &u-
<c periors in England, efpecially iat thfe Timeiand
" will be as ufeful amongft ourfelves, there \Mti& no
u other Way occurring to my Underftant^ih^^here-
*< by you may receive the Benefit of them : And in
" this Purpofe I remain ready, unlefs you fhould
" otherwife advife, until by better Information out
««' of England y we ffeall be led ow of theft State Me -
♦ 4 anders." - / ! '; ^

fe me

cc
cc

cc
cc

Cap*. Bi;ackweli,, Dep, Govcrnpr. z&

The Aflcmhly ^iCwpxcd, among other Things, as
follows : viz.
^W? bfi3r^y n ^ft that thy Defign in coming
€< hither, with all im^inabk Refpedt to our Governor
'* and Inhabit^xxta here, may be purfyed accordingly
<c with fuitable Meafures; and we cannot but have
*' that Opinion of our worthy Governor's tender Re*
" gard to the People here, that as he will iuftify no
unbecoming Behaviour in us towards his Repre-
Tentative, io we hope he will vindicate no unlawful
or rigid Procedure againft us. As to our Gover-
nor's Abfence, we are very fenfible that, as it may
" be to his Difappointment, fo it is extremely to our
tc Piejudice.— We were m Expe&ation'of receiving
" Bills from thee and the Council as formerly ; to
" the Reafon thou art pleafed to give why none are
Cc fent, That the Proprietary and Governor hath

S'v^n Directions for letting all the Laws drop 6r
11, we are credibly informed, that afterwards he
*a& well pleafed they fhould ftand ; and all the
Law ( s made here fince his Departure, were fent
" for his Perufal, and none of them, to our Know-
" fedgf, in the leaft declared void by him ? neither
" do ,we conceive that he hath any Reafon fo to

As to the Eftablifhment of Laws, we expected
nor aimed at ajay higher Sanation than was ufed
V ia the Governor's Tifnev hut in cafe Bills had
" l^en/ prepared and promulgated according to Char*
^Vj^^^had pafled by us into Laws, and the
" K Gre#t Seal had been necefiary, and the fame duly
'* reg^r,?<j to be applied to the faid Laws, and the
*V ^fpcrv t r^fed the fame, then we might juftly
•* , fjt&oe, to^iJRLefufal : But .as to the Way thou men-
•? $9?s c , Th&£ ojur Proprietary and Governor is aii-
fy$/mti)4j ^ ^ ,himfel^ and with/Confent of the
4t Freenjef), to , make Laws, and under his Seal to
^rpiijj^l triers* and not in the granted Way of the
" Charter and Aft of Settlement ; as we do not defire,
€ * fix our Hopes are, that no Laws of that Make

C 4 . " w&

<c
cc

cc
cc

<c
cc

rfTT

&M*>lL"-'>*»

24 J* Hifierual REV IE W> &c.

€€ will be impofed upon us. And had we made
" Laws at this Time, as formerly, we queftiori -not
44 but that they had been as inoffenfive 7 in the prefent
14 Conjun&ure, as afore. And we da conceive,
44 that our Laws here, not being declared or adjudged
44 by the King under his Privy Seal to be void> do
14 remain and ftand in full Force, according to the
*• true Intent and Meaning thereof.

44 As for the Charge of Animofities and Difien-
<c tions amongft us before thy coming here, it is fo
14 general, that we can make no other Anfwer than
• c that in Matters of Government, our Apprehen-
<c fions were otherwife, the End of good Govern-
4C ment being anfwered, in that Power was fupported
44 in Reverence with the People, and the People
44 were fecured from the Abufe of Power ; but for
44 what thou mentions to have been renewed fince
" amongft the Members of Council, we leave them
4 * to anfwer.

44 As to the Expedient propofed, of thy governing
44 this Province and Territories, by fuch of the Laws'
44 as were made before our Proprietary and G&vserhbr
14 went hence, which thou (halt judge not Contrary
44 to the Laws of England^ we conceive no fuch Expe-
44 dient can be confident with our Confutation,
<4 * without the Concurrence of the Council, according
4t - to fuch Methods as have been heretofore- ufed in
♦ c Legiflamre, and what Courfc of Government is
" otherwife, will be ungrateful and uncertain to
44 u% for how far the Laws of England are ;to v bd
€t our Rules, if declared by the King^s Leisters Pa-
44 tents. - v.-\ )j^-\

€ * As to thy affuring us, thy juft Complianceiwkh
44 us, in what we may reafonably defire, we take it
<& kindly, and do defire that our Members of Council
iC mav be permitted to fit, according to our former
« Rcqueft."

The Governor finding himfelf thus fteadily op-
pofed, bad Recourfe to another Piece of Practice,'
which was to prevail on certain Members to with-
draw

Capt. Bt ackwell, Dep. Governor. 25

from the Houfe : The Houfe, on
the other Hand, voted this to be a Treachery, and
farther prepared and prefented the following Requeft
to the Governor : viz.

; J •

€4 To the Governor* and Council, fitting at Pbiladel-
fbia^ the twentieth Day of the third Montb y
1689.

cc

cc
c*
cc
c«
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc

We the Reprefentatives of the Freemen of
Pennsylvania, and Territories thereof, .in Aflcmbly
met, being much difappointed in our Expe&ation
in not finding any Bills prepared and promulgated
by you for a further Concurrence : And perceiving
three Members duly eledted to ferve in Council (in
whofe Wifdom and faithfulnefs we much confide)
to^ long kept out : And that a Member of our
©wiv is treated with great Rigour and Severity in
the Time of Afiembly, and not allowed to be with *
&s, though mo(i of us have known him to have
". been fcrvtceable therein thefe feveral Years: We
'V^being Wider a Strait in thefe Coiifiderations) do
c< . reqacft your tender Regard of our Grievances
" alfeidy) prefented^ and of our Anfwer prefentedto
" thcGdvcrnor in Council, to his Speech delivered to
" us there ; and we do defire, you do not go to
ct dSfitiifs»us until we are received, and righted in our
c Vjufb<3oroplaints : And that we be not difcouraged
*^ i nnirfja^ing before the Provincial Council, fuch
'VPerfooss dr. Members whom we can with great
"fBrobabilitiy make 4 appear to be ill Minifters and
44 chief Authors of the prefent Arbitrarinefs in Go-
<C H vernment 5 and who are Men unworthy, as we
"ncorieeiw* toube much confulted with, and unfit
"•toubd chief Magiftrace8. — What we purpofe to
^doifetein, fhaii be orderly, fpeedily, and within
" Bounds,' 1

J© ddes not appear that this Requeft met with any

Re^td^Slorvthaft the Proprietary Intercft gained any

•«nr,v. ~t> •.■(!>..'• Grouud

2& A* Hiprical REpj&W, $ci

Ground in the Aflemblies held tfee two fubfaptfnt
Years : And, in the Year 1693^ the King and Qo^fert*
affumed the Government of the Colony into theircoWi*
Hands; tinder what Pretext, ia Vim* of what Ma-
nagement, whether to gratify any Difpleafure^ con-
ceived againft Mn Pmn> or in Concert with hup, is
not fpecified*

Colonel Fltkher was appointed Governor of iViw-
York and Pemfyhania by one and the feme Cofiwnif-
fion, with equal Powers and Prerogatives in both Pro-
vinces ; as if there was no fuctn Thing as a Charter
extant.

This Commiffion of his was, alfo, accompanied
with a Letter from the Queen, counterfigned Not-
tingham, requiring him, as Governor of Pennfytmnia*
to fend fuch Aid or Affiftance, in Men or otherwife,
for the Security of the Province of Nw-Tork againft
the Attempts of the French and Inditm, as the Con-
dition of the faid Colony would permit, as if t the
Good- Will of the Freemen w>as no longer wofth men-
tioning. ..>:■■':

To the Afflbnably, •however, thisi royai Viftter
thought fit to communicate both his Ccanroiffion
and her Mjgefty's feid Letter* But then, it was an
Aflembly widely different from that appointed by
their Charter. Inftead of fix Members for e^ch of
the fix Counties, thofc of Pbtiadelpbia and tfevttqflfo
were reduced to four each, aod the Reft tor thcee:
Difference fixteen : And^ a* an Aft of Gflace, ^ia
Epcedlency dtfpenfed with the Qethsr of fuoh $fr made
it a Point of Confcience not to fwear ^ andraccept$4a
written Frofeffion and Declaration, of Alteg^ofe
before eftahlHhcd)itv t&eir Stead. Whether ftp ftnang«
an Innovation was openly and) fpectalty coqiplwied
of or nor,* the Afllrcbly had neyectheJeft the r Spirit
to, open their Seffion with the following R^fglimon^
which jpafled Nm. Con. " That the Laws of this
*> Province that were in focce and Pnu3ijGe before
* the Arrival of this ptefent Govfcraon, are ftill in

t- pQ«pe:

1 *l

Cefonel^FVE V CHE*, Governor. 2f

^'Fcjite : And tlw the Aflcmbly have a Right hum-
f *^bljUo move the Gpvernor for a Continuation or
" <knfirjnaricH of the fame."

^ey 4Mb kiteFiMofre thkVotfrof theirs in their Ad*
drdV to him, and, act unartf ully, introduced itun*
tferthe Umbrage of an In finuat ion y that the King
and Queen had thought fie to appoint him to be their
Governor, becaufe of the Ab fence of their Proprietary;
but deriv'd no Benefit from it: For the Governor
hluntly told than, €4 He was forry to find their De**
u fires grounded upon fo great Miftakes." Adding*
thefe emphatical Expreffions, u The Abfence of the
u Proprietary is the lead Caufe mention'd in their
Majeft^s Letters Patent, for their Majefties af-
ferting their undoubted Right of governing thei*
Subje&s in this Province. There are Reafons of
" greater Moment : As the Negle&s and Mi fear ria-
(( ges in the late Adminiftration ; the Want of necefc
** fary Defence againft the Enemy ♦, the Danger of

* [tW P'rovinee muft be underftood] being loft from
c< the Crown.— The Conflitution of their Majefties
<c Govefriment ami that of Mr. Pemfs are in direH

* Oppefitio* one toi the other : If you will be tenaci-
Cf o«Aan ftickiing for this, it is a plain Demonftrati-

* on^^We what Words you pleafe, that, indeed,

* ylk^^ediI>rthl^iotHer? , .

Tto AflemWy a^tin, not to be wanting in Du«>
ty»^h^JKJngamiQi^en v nor Confiftency to thcafK
felveei^^riiitted ftieir Majeftie* Right of Govern-
ttfetft* fto b^ihdubifclWe ; but would not allow them*
fef^j^4&1lMey ^y Miftake in Relation, to the
Fftftfietfcry's i Abfence, " And to the other Reafons
f >i*6^^^fi^ridtheyiin their Remoaftrance) forth*
** ^feparfc*ngbur Proprietary's Governancy* we ap~
^^htrid^tofcy^ #ft founded on Mifmforma tions 5
W^ik&Ccmti of Juftidfe were open in all Counties
♦^in i Ai« w G6verftn«jftt > and Juftice duly executed
*»flSto^^*iih^^Criire« of Treafon and Murder
<* t6 ^fe*^oftS«iittkg the lowed Difference about

£*Ff«p^ before the Date or arrival of theGo-
""" ** veruotH

s8 An Hi/torical R EVIEW, &c.

** vernor's Commifflon, Neither do we apprehend/ •
•• that the Province was in Danger of being loflhftofri
c< the Crown, although the Government was tin the
" Hands of fome whofe Principles afe not for War.
€€ And we conceive^ that the prHent Governancy hath
€C no direft Oppofition (with Rtffpedt to the King's
c< Government here in general) to our Proprietary's
€< William Penn^ though the Exercife of thy Authority
c< atprefent fuperfedes that of our faid Proprietary :
• c Neverthelefs we readily own thee for our lawful
" Governor, faving to ourfelves and thofe whom we -
** reprefent, our and their juft Rights and Privi-
" leges,"

Proceeding then to Bufinefs, 1 they voted a Sup- -
ply ; but inclin'd to have their Laws x confir m'dl and
their Grievances redrefs'd firft: Accordingly, they
fent up a Committee of ten, with the Book of their
Laws to the Governor for his Acceptance and; Rati-
fication : And, after a long Debate between hiin^ af-
fifted by five of his Council, and theon, whietawas
terminated on his Side fomewhk equivocally, hdfent
two of the faid Council to aflbrethfe Moiafe, in his
Name, of his Confirmation of sill che faid Laws (ex-
cepting one relating to Shipwrecks) during the&Jngfs
Pleafttre : For which they thought proper to return
him a Vote of Thanks.

Nor is it much to be Wonder'd at* that Mtm taken
by Surprize out of the Hands of their Fwi?»i the Pro-
prietary, and expos'd at once to a Wreftlk^TViatch-
with the Crown, which they had nev€r bad ibyi im-
mediate Trarifaiftkms with before, ffoodM ftibrtlit to
hcild their Liberties by Courtefy^' rather thdni^nCur
the liaft Rifqu^ of not holding therti at alfc^^A ^

There Wa$, hbwever, z Party athorig themv>who
having drawn up a Petition of Rightydaitahrg and
defiring the life and Benefit af two hundr^diajjKhthree
Laws therein fjpecify'd, as in atKRefpe<fe danibnatit
to their Charter, and none of theta annulled r/by the
Crown in Confequence of die-EoWer tfeferv*<d:tx)the
Sovereign : would hear r* «o Abs&ekn&at i and* who

had

Cbkmei * F 1/ etcher, Governor. 29
IfiufcfiJrcrfit enough ^with the AfTembly to obtain the
ffwding a Meffage to the Governor, fignifying, " that
tffienwas the Senfesnd Expectation of the Afiembly,
^sWat AggrievanecsoMght tq beredrefe'd before any
ft /3iii of Supply ought to pafs/*
5 ^Aad here their Hearts fail'd them : — For the Go-
vernor having retum'd the Bill fent up with the Mef-
fage which he had propos'd Amendments to 3 with-
out nny Specification of what thofe Amendments
were to be, with the following Anfiver, " that the
** Aficmbly (hould have no Account of the Amend-
" ments of the Bill, till they came in a full Houfe
" before him to give the laft SandHon to the Laws,*
— ^ahd farther, " That he faw nothing would do but
♦*: an Annexion to New-Tori" the Menace carry *d
the Supply.

• When the^Bili for granting it was however fent up*
tbe^ not only; fent up the Roll of their Laws with it*
bupalfo gave ^that Fart of their Order the fir ft Place
in their Books/-

: :Theyiorther >* Refoived, nem* con. that aft Bills
*1 fenttfrth* Go\5ertior and Council in order to be
**; amended, f oUght to, be retum'd to this Hpufe, to
^ r hive their farther Approbation upon fuch Amerid-
^Tments^; befqre they can have their final Afient to
" pafs into Laws."

• 3w f And /tho* diey did not join with their Committee
<©fiteflkifc the following Paper, they fuffer'd it to be
^emMVJbiimi tbefr Books, by way of Proteft on their

(Behalf. L.fToiwJt, ■ ■ -.*

oj littirWes^hofe Names are hereunto fubferib'd, Re-
v^nprcfatixm^c&i of the Freemen of this Province in

" Afienhbly* do declare, it is the undoubted Right
orffroffrriris tfowfo; to receive back from the Governqr
b.« gidrrGdunciii^l^fu^hBHJs asare fent up for their
"^Approbation op Amendments : And that it is as
^n^tiln^ffar^^kitofvjiithe Amendments,, and debate the
tttf iameyiasi.t&crjBodyfof the Bills : And that the De-
t J^/oikl^ltfeatrJEtight is Deftrudive \o the Freedom
c«H/ of making Laws. And we alfo declare, it is the

tt

jo An Hifioricd REVIEW* &c.

Right of the AifemMy, t(m^ M£wt anyrfiill ifer
Supplies be prefented for the laft S^ndion of a
Law, Aggrievances ought to, be redrefs'd. :ThSr^-
fore, we, wtfh Pr(7/^//w(fevjn^ouFJufl: Rights
in Aflembly) do declare, th*£>the Affent of foebof
us, as were for fending up the Btll this Morning,
was merely in Confideration of the Governor's
fpecdy Departure, but that it fliould not be drawn
into Example or Precedent for the future. David
Lloyd" &c.

And concerning this whole Period, we find the
Freemen in Aflembly met for the Year 1704, thus
farther expoftulating with their Proprietary in the
Remonftrance already more than pnec referred to.
To wit, " But what thou and they (the five cqhwu£-
" fioners of State) could noteffe&in that Behalf, was
<c perform'd by Col. Fletcher in the Year 169$? and
*' then we were brought under the ujimediatQ-Dirce^
u tion of the Crown, but with Comfrands for hirostO
govern us by the Laws of' the CoMntry,- Arid ik
though both the Laws and £lwt#r ha4 beei^longt
" before tranfrnitted to thee, in order tog^jt tfertate
King's (James) Approbation ^thereof, whifh^ we
infilled upon, and urg'd that tisuey were Jti^HtiH
4< difapprov'd, 'yet thou having, fent op A^eptiniL
c< whether they were approv'd or jaot, we w^ei fervid"
" to cotnply with him, and * accept pf fifth* ML her
<c pleas'd : , But the Charter he totally re^<£tedo! i?$i
Before he fet out for New-T*rk y he; did £pwe#erri
give a writtepSan&ion to the Laws r^quir'dt, Andl
the next Year's Affembly prov'd n^M^ftamiiag'
to be of the; iamq Leven with thei^ft* : , ^oddsf j/1
This Afleiijbly had been fummon^ fy • $he^5^«5 i
of the Lieutenant Governor (^fatklp^m) an&jfrhfcn^
met in a Hu^mojur to ftate 3gd recj*$(| t^jQriey»-:
ces of the Colony, found theqnifel v^ ^reqlpde^ ffOmv
ading by an Order from Fletcher /or ^ tfe#^ Adjoux^:

That, therefore, they might makers jno&f of
two Days, they appointed a Comtpitcee ^ QcieMai>- *

cesj

c&
cc

it
cc

Colonel B l e *r cher, Governor. 3 1

V yfcrf having tecfciv'd their Report, agreed upon
a Remonftrance to the Governor thereon, containing
j^tSbaiplaint of their being fent for only to be dii-
tnL&8 ; afferring th£ Right of the Houfc to adjourn
tkemfelvcs ; ark) atrtottg feveral other Particulars, cal-
ling upon the Governor fo to exert : his Power and
Authority, that Cafes determined by Juries might
not be unduly voided by Determinations in Equity;
that to prevent arbitrary Afleffments and the Diflatif-
fadion they gave rife to, the Juftices of the Peace
might confult with, and be direfted by the Approba-
tion of the feveral Grand Juries ; and that the Mo-
ney rais'd by the laft Aflembly might be properly ap-
pty'd and properly accounted for to the prefent at
their next Sitting.

Their Right of adjourning themfelves having been
admitted, they met accordingly toward the End of
the ttekt Mortth.— Governor Fletcher was by this
Time tajurn^d 1 to them in Perfon ; and in the open-
ing of fris Speech, made them a handfome Apology
forAfktf ^flittg fchttii before ; urging the Neceffity of
a ftttideft Journey to Albany, to endeavour at reclaim-
ing t&$ ^*'Nwlks of Indians, hitherto the Allies
of B»gJa*d,bM no*? confederated with the Governor
of CMXtida againft u$.-^ Said he had brought the Pa-
pert <**hteh paffs'd at the Conference along with him
fof^thfti^Sitisfedlton: That their Indians would be
next foft?diflto the fame fatal Confederacy: That
h^teJI&efe^With! his Eyes, a large Traft of cultivated
IixaB abbut v#fofl?> which had been abandoned by
d|r*ifafti&^ thro* the tJnkindnefs of their

Neighbours in r&ufiog them Aflift'ance, than by the
Fti|«y^fsAev£^em^: Pray'd, that thofe who fliut
thefr £y^ agatoft a diftarit Danger, might not find
it & rhelr 'owti Dbbrs*: • EitoRed the two Provinces of
Jifififi f&bithe *&idfc the? had fent: And concluded
thwW^^ftotttefcn^ I ednfider your Principles, that
<c you will not carry Arms, nor levy Money to make
"iW&V^tho^feryodr own Defence; yet I hope you
u WiH^fctf rtfufe tb feed the Hungry and cloatb the

<'-*> . " Naked:

CC

cc
cc
cc
cc

S 2 ^» Hiftorical REVIEW, &c.

" Naked : My Meaning is to fupply thofe India
** Nations with fuch Neceflaries as may influence
C€ them, to a Continuance of their Friendfhip to thefc
cc Provinces.— And now, Gentlemen, if you will
confider wherein I may be ufeful to you, accord-
ing to the Tenor of my Commiffion, in redref-
fing your Grievances, if you have any, you (hall
find me ready to a(t by the Rules of Loyalty, with
a true Regard to Liberty and Property."
What appears to have been mod remarkable in this
Seffion was a Difpute between the Governor and the
Houfe about a Money Bill : He alledging it was in-
confiftent with his Truft to pafs the Bill, becaufethey
had named Colkdtors therein, which feemed to de-
rogate from the Confidence repofed in the King's
Officer appointed to colledt the laft Tax \ and infill-
ing upon fome Anfwer to the Queen's Letter, before
he came to a final Refolution concerning it. And
they at once adhering to their Bill, and defiring it
might not be rejected on the firft of thofe Accounts :
Since they could not but afiert their undoubted Right
to appropriate as well as raife Money, agreeable to
the Privileges heretofore granted them, the Practice
in England as well as in that and alfo in fome of the
neighbouring Colonies. And that as to the Receiv-
er, when their Appropriations had been anfwee'd, he
was to difpofe of the Remainder as the Governor and

Council Ihould order.

The Governor ftill prefs'd for their Anfwer ta her
Majefty, inftead of giving them the Satisfa&loifc de-
fir'd : And the faid Anfwer proving to be a Remote
ftrance, he diflblv'd theni.

Of the next Sefiions the Accounts are extremely
imperfect. We find, indeed, by a Courfe of Mi-
nutes, That a joint Committee of the Council, at
the Requifition of the Governor, had feveral Meet-
ings, to confider of the Queen's Letter, the Gover-
nor's Demands thereon in his Speech, and an A£t of
Settlement: That an Anfwer to his Speech was
drawn up and fent to the Governor, together with

an

VJiuaaji Mahkham, Efa Dep. Governor. 33

1&A& o£ Settlement : That the Meflengers on their

Bttl&h reported, they had delivered both, and were

i^dML Governor and Council had no farther Bufi-

Mfe at frefcnt : And that after feveral Adjournments,

haHgrmet in Committee, and in high Debate, their

/ Attend wee was required by the Governor in order to

t-#ffi)lfe them.

'•-' That the Demands made upon them, in Virtue of

jhe Queers Letter, were the Subjedt of thefe Debates,

4 more than prob'able : And if fo, it will follow, that

their want of Will or Power to comply with them

■*• wasahe Caufe of their Diflblution.

* In the Year 1696, being the next Year following,
Matkhdm, once the Proprietary's Secretary and Clerk
of che Council, and of late Lieutenant Governor, fum r
mon'd the next Affembly as Lieutenant to the Pro-
prietary now reinftated in the Government : And at
Jthtir Meeting, • recommended Governor Fletcher's
Speech at the opening of the New-York Affembly,
thereby to excite 'the Charity of Penfylvania y in reliev-
ihg >ktte pbor Indians, whofe Corn and Provifions had
been defbttyed by the French : And the Senfe of the
Hbufetupbn it was* by way of Meflage, thus com-
rtttirticararL

-"•Hi Whereas the Governor has been pleafed to con-

H .iene'tis* by his Writs, altho 5 not in the * Form

^krfUwrChirtef, as we could defire^ we have obey'd

" the fame, and confider'd what he has laid before

£** flti, 1 vfci; ' An Anfwer to the late Queen's Letter,

^jandiibofriPropfietary's Promife, upon his Reftora-

flotfofl to WsuGojvemme nt ; and are heartily and una-

<c nimoufly willing and ready to perform our Duty

'fteritMnln^ib fan as in us lies, if the Governor would

•* &4>^<plaiftsd id fttde us in our former Con ftitutions,

** <hftp>?*& by \is before this Government was com-

f^lfit^ w Go**rnor Fletcher's Truft."

V^*Ffils^irfcs foltewed, on the Governor's Part, with a

t£)&Aartdof Money as before, for the Relief of the

ll|i : 4 Tlfll 1 *^- ' ,ce?l — ttC ^ UJ)0n Fietc ^ % ? lan before fpecify'd,

t* <u - D Indians ;

3 4 An mprical R MFJEJ^ &c. ^W

Indians: And the Aflembly chufitig to takfcC^elbf
the Provincial Conftitution firft, required the G&v^^
"nor to appoint a Committee of the Council to jdjjh
\vith a Committee of the Aflembiyfor that Pufpoft.
Such a joint Committee was appointed accordingly ;
who agreed in recommending this Expedient, ** TWt
" the Governor at the Requeft of the Affeft**y
"would bfe pleafed to pafs an Aft [of Sett^merit
€l muft be underftoodj with a Salvo to the Proprie-
Ci tary and People ; and that he would alfo iAufe oat
* c his Writs for chufing a full Number of Reprefefi-
cc tatives on the ioth of March next enfuing, to
u ferve in Provincial Council and Aflembly accord^
** ing to Charter, until the Proprietary's PleifOtfe
ec fhould be known therein ; and that if the lH-bprr£-
u tary fhould difapprove the fame, that theft the falfl
tc Aft fhould be void, and no ways prejudicial to hitA
** or the People in Relation to the Validity orlri*2£
" lidity of the faid Charter." : * ; 'A

To this Expedient the HoUfetlharilrrioefly igr&SrfJ
A Bill of Settlement, and a Money Bill, frfere th^-
hpot\ orderM and prepar'd ; and after fofne ^Ttrtip^
rament, reported, agreed to, atfd pafled. - ' ^ -: v

The Money Bill was for raiflng 300 /. ftk 'fbp^
port of Government, and rdifeving th£ diftrefc'd
Indians. "" '" .. v ' •• " r " ; " u ' ! ■" i

In the Aft of Settlement, the Rotation Principle
i^as wholly dropr. Eleftions bbfh of Council ^
Affembly were to be annual and certain : T&^fASfe
of Eleftion, March ioth: The Time of Smiii&Mty
the ioth: The Members of Coufririifcr each G&jhtf
two, for the Affetnbly four : They vrefc ko bfc i$f *&fe
moft Note for Virtue, Wifdom drid Ability, T aficf di
therwife qualify'd in Point of fortune and RefofefccJK
In the Governbr or his Deputy, and the fafal -Afc
fembly and Council, the Government Was fj$3X?d£
The Governor or his Deputy was to prefide fa
Council 4 ; but at no Time perform any A&fcT State
whatfoever, but by and with the Advice' and Can*
ienr of the Council, or a Majority thertofii^-^'

Ttvat

William £§***»***, £#, Dep. Governor. 35

1S&9KF&9 thirds [ : W#$to be a Quorum in the upper
-fjfafe <^f Bujinefs,, jmd one third in the lower:
fh^ Aflembl^^ould. have Power to propose
, L a# well as the (Council : That hoth might coq-
;fpjm.$&h a* eiih^r jof them fhoi^ld propofe : That
3 fec^as the Governor in Council gave his Content to,
be Laws : That the Stile of thofe Laws {hould
iBty the Governor, with the Aflent and the Ap-
pfp^aripn of the Freemen in General Aflembly mer:
JMt Duplicates thereof (hould be tranfmitted to the
Ring's GouncU, according to the late King's Patent :
That the Aflembly fiiould fit on their own Adjourn-
ments and Committees, and continue to prepare and
$i9j>oif Biils, redrefs Grievances, impeach Criminals,
&f€4j,#4i diimifs'd by the Governor and Council -, and
to remain during the Year liable to ferve upon his
and their Summons: Should be allow'd Wages and
-^•ay riling Charges : Two thirds to make a Quorum:
AU Queftions to be decided by a Majority : Affirma-
ok^^^ ^ admit^pd in all Courts, &c, inftead of
Qat^f^ where ^q^cl ; AH Perfons in Poflefiion of
itprff&fr^ un4er any lega) or

equitable Claim^XaXQ continue : Sheriffs and their
ibftiftitea tq gg^e Security for QfEce Behaviour:
~~i£N§s lW*---}^^fr cc »- rc B! u lVt incorrupt, &q.
no Member being permitted to ferve without Wages,
9fofeS;|efs Wagerrt^fpa by this A& appointed, &c.
^t]^ ! |^;pOTm i $^£fifd of this A& was to be di-
§#ftifhl& pr a^'d in any Part or v CJaufe thereof
^^W^rfg^i^ghp truelntent or Meaning thereof, with-
y%jfre> ^o^S^^rfic Governor and fix Parts in (e-
^ji^f ^e Eree^cnen in Council and Aflembly met:
li^^cq^^i^iie and be in Force. till the Proprieta-
ry^HfJdwby fome Inftmment und^r his Hand and
Sf&l Iggrify^iVPleafure to* the contrary : And it was
g&gjgpd> that neither ;his Adl: nor any o her (hould
MK$t£ftftf deb^rr, the Inhabitants of tliis Province
^^^l^ri«^i€S from daiming, having 41)4 enjoying
*Q$yt$$ IMght?, Privileges and Immunities, which
tbtiai^ ^Pfflprieury ( & or , himfelf, his Heirs and AC-

$6 An Hifimcal R E VIE W, &c.

Yigns, did formerly grant, or which of Right dftl b&
."long unto them the faid Inhabitants by Virtue of ahy
Law, Charter, or Grant whatfoetfer* any Thing
therein contain'd to the contrary notwithftandingn } ;
A new Application from Governor Fletcher -for
farther Afliftance, and the Report of a Commit tfcgtff
the Affembly to whom it was referred (urging th6 In-
fancy, Poverty, and incumbered State of the Colony
in Excufe for Non-compliande) together with an Ait
for ratifying and confirming the Afts and Proceed-
ings of the laft Year's Affembly by fofne Perfons
queftion'd and mifreprefented, are aH the Remains of
what pafs'd in the Affembly of 1697.

Nor does any Thing material occur in the Years
1698, 1699, till the Arrival of the Proprietary from
England. l ...';-.

January 25th, 1699-700, the Affembly being cot?-
ven'd for the fecond Time, was told by the Proprieta-
ry in Perfon> that he had fo cortven*d th£W cfiiefly to
reinforce the former Laws 5 fcrbjr a new LaW more
rigoroufly to difcourage Piracy and forbidden Trade ;
Mifdemeanors which he faid had expos'd the Govern-
ment to much Odium at home, which : he had been
much prefs'd by his Superiors to correct, and which
he, therefore, preft mbft concernedly upon them.

Both thefe Points were immediately referred ta
the Confideration of two feveral Committees 5 and
one of their own Members, Son-m-law of their late
Lieutenant Governor Mdrkham^ proving 1 "to 'Be the
moft obnoxious Perfon on the firft of thtfd Ac-
counts, they proceeded fo far ias : to comtnit hi^m, till
fatisfy'd by the Governor that he had ^iveri : fuffi-
cient Security for his Appearance to ahfwfcf what
Complaints fhould be brought againft him. '<'•

They alfo took Care to purge th'emfelvfesdtt the
Head of forbidden or illicife Trade, which appears
to have been done in fo effectual a Manner, 1 that- the
Governor himfelf could not avoid co-operating with
the Council in their Juftification.. To ppove which,

WixliavM Pknn, Eft. Governor. 37

h3» t&ftfyer #> th$ir .feveral Addrefles (concerning a
ftfcEerfba to be Provincial Treafurer; Cautions to
£ff$i$ Coafufion in the next Election, which was to
t)eona new Modell, as alfo the Expediency of the
Advice and Conftnt of the Council and Aflembly
thereof* $ and falfi Information fent to England a-
gfii^ft them) here infer ted will be fufficient. To

r/ti^Firft, aSr to the Receiver or Treafurer, that he

vauld confider of it, and would take Care to pleafe

ajl Jbjr his Choice of a fit Perfon: As to their Ad-

<lrefs to avoid Confufion in the next Ele&ion,

that he conferred to the Requeft of the Houfe, and

^rdpr'jd by general Confent of Council and Afiem-

bly^ Minutes to be made in both : That, at the next

Election, three fhould be chofen for Council in each

County, and fix for Aflembly \ the Eleftion to be

*>n tbeufual Day,v but referving tohimfelf the Spc-

cification of the [Jem* ^e former were to ferve for t

wh^i was fo be £#j>jef$'d in the Writ : And that as

yX<> ithuE; ?tlicr Poiflt.pf falfe Information fent againft

&&: £pJ#fly %9/%ft&hnh the unfeafonable Time of

.ifche ^ear :>y9^^ # jnpc fuffer the Merits of the Cafe to

-^q ^^roJHghlyji^fcufs'd, but that all the Reprefen-

: jafiy tsr both of ^ Cpuncil and Aflembly, had agreed

in dewing up feme general Defence for the pre-

Utw i^^j\&&f$ ^heir Separation it was drawn up and
3J4Jr$f§fl|e<i t(* the Governor accordingly-
srh -aBh^inexi; General Aflembly met at theufual Time,
-3#pc^jy4s i%py?ry refpeft an extraordinary one : Ex-
llitr?#f&i9$f$ ;fa? the Number of Members fuperadded
^Bl t h§M a 9wr juft recited : Extraordinary for an oc-
^j^Q^^Xi.aw. they pafs'd at the Inftance of the Go-
vernor jw& CoyneJlj to prolong the prefent Seflions
^ej{©nfi che fTif^e limkefl by Charter : And extraordi-
zi^Wfc ffifi;fhc Plates concerning another new Frame
sdP^feo^rflp^&r:^ wl>ich continu'd t^ro' the whole
riiJf^^fe^if* W^ho^t producing any.fat'^faftory Tern-

3 g An Uiftorical R E Vl E /T, &c;

Found intra&able, after a Month's ^ra^icc, tl^r |
wfcre difiblv'd y and in Oftoher following, a nqw^l^,
fonbly was ftimmon'd ; Not as before to confxft of* 1
thirty fix Members, ,but of twenty four; that i* to,
fay, four inftead of fix for each County.

The Place of Meeting was alfo different : For ui-y
ftead of Affembling as ufual at Philadelphia) the -
Members were convened to Njswcaftle \ perhaps only
ro gratify the Inhabitants of the Territories 9 zt a
Time when extraordinary Demands were to be made
upon them for the Gratification of the Proprietary-
Governor.

At the opening of this Aflembly, the Governor
faid, he Had call'd them upon urgent Occafions V
that they were in Want of a Frame of Govern-
ment i a Body of kaws ; a Settlement of Property *
and a Supply for the Support of Government : Ad-
ding, that he would give them all the Affiftance in
his Power,

With the Body of Laws they began, and made a
cbnfiderablc Progrefs in the Work : But the Frame
of Government again met with as many Difficulties
as before. — The Conditions pf Union between^ the
JPnyihcemd the #milQries Y in particular, hadlifceto
have produced an immediate Separation: And the
Difpute which arpfe concerning equal Privileges pr[
equal Vokes in the Reprqfentauye, could be jio o-
thprwife compronfiis'd than by referring the lffue to the
pert General Aflfirtibly. , ; i (

The Points which more immediately conc^rn*d
both Branches of the Legiflature, were the Settle-
ment of Property and theSupply. In the latter J&ejSo-
vernor himfelf was dfceply intcrefted, and alrppftpve^
jy Landholder of the Colpny in theformer. ;, ^Wf ?
therefore, were to be firft difpatched ; and,> ^'cprcU
ingly, a Bill for the effe&ual Eftabli(l>menf and Cpfir
firmation of the Freeholders pf both Part§ af tbp.Ur
nited Colony, their Heirs and AIEgn^in their ^4P^
and Tenements ; together with |»?q .<tfhef*i oni :jpr
raiting of One Penny per Pound, and fix Shillings

Wii^i4^ Pijnn; Efq. Governor. ja

[ead fpr Support of Government, &c. and one
Fantirig arid raifing to the Proprietary and Go-
r A 20ool. upon the real Value of Eftates real
t perlbqafi and another fix Shilling Poll- 1 ax ; of
wfricii rirote than a Moiety was paid by the County of
Philadelphia alone. Nor ought it to be forgotten,
Tfiit in the preceding Seflion four Pence in die
Kftmd and twenty four Shillings per Head had beca
demanded for thefe Services: And that as they paid
by Halves, the Proprietary perform'd by Halves * as
the Mention hereafter made of his Charter of Pro-
perty will demonftrate.

The fame Affembly being again convened in Auguji
zv Philadelphia , in confequence of a Letter from his
Majetty, requiring an aid of 350 L Sterling towards
the Fortifications to be raifed on the Frontiers of
Neii^irk^ they excufed thcmfelves from complying ;
urging that the great Sums lately affefled upon the
Coksiif \yf way of Impoft and Taxes, over and
above the Arrears of Quit-Rents, had rendered them
in circle: And thefe Excufes were readily admitted
l^"A¥^yernmehtl---So that the proprietary Intcreft
ir? ^tms^Aftaace 'Undeniably fdpplamed the Royal*
£ftf - jjB^at? Intereft jpublick Service.
01 lh!^imi& 9 1701, the Proprietary coaven'd an-
citner Affembly, tonfiftingof four Members for each
df the fix Cbutities, agreeable to the Law for afcer-
fining tile Number 6f Members, lately pafs'd at N$w>
i$ti\ -sattit tW he had ift the laft evaded giving a Copy
of his Speech in Writing to the Houfe, as: not being
tt^i^«Way, went out of his Way for this once to
d^e|owV

^vti&k Aj[J6logy ke made for calling them together
a^M^H : (boher than they would have met of Courfc.
Ataim'd as a^eafon^ the Neceffity he was* under,
^fS^^e * Endeavours of the Enemies to the Profpe-
rii^.d^ tlte (fblbny, to go for England, where,
"* *% && ^IviaEntage of his Abfcnce, fome had at-
r te<3¥& trhde^mlneliis Government : Talk'd as if
%i|& Was difaigreeable to him •, as if the Quiet

4

• c
cc

43 r An Wftorical REVIEW, &ccl

of a Wildernefs was all bis Ambition ; as if *fti$#ui^]
pofe had been to ftay with them always, or at lead
till he could render every Body fafe and eafy : Said
his Heart was with them, whatever ibme People 1
might pleafe to think ; that no Unkincjnefs or Difap-
pointment fhould, with Submiflion to Godfe Provi*
denpe, , ever be able to alcer his Love to the Country,
and *his Refolution to return and fettle his Family and
Pofterky in it^ &c. " Think, therefore, (continued
* c he in the moft captivating Stile and Manner that
* c ever y^as madeufe of) fince all Men are mortal, of
ffome fuitable Expedient and Prdvifion for your
? 4 Safety as well as in your Privileges as Property,
and you will find me ready to comply with what-
foever may render us happy by a nearer Union of
our lnterefts. Review again your Laws! Propofe
new ones that may better your Circumftances ; and
what you do, do it quickly ! Remembering that
cc the Parliament fits the End of the next Month; and
?* that the fooner I am there, the fafer I hope we (hall
cc all be here."

He then returned to the 350 1. Sterling, demanded
by the King: imparted to thepi the happy Iffue of
Col. Fletcher's Conferences with the jive Nations -,
and again recommended Unanimity and Difpatch,
fince it might contribute to theDifappointmentof thofe
who had long fought the Ruin of their young
Country.

The Affembly return'd a Ihort but affe&ionate and
refpe&ful Anfwer ; after which they prefented an Ad*
drefs to him; confiding of twenty one Articles- f The
firft defiring, That, on his Departure for Engiand^
due Care be taken, he might be reprefented there by
Perfons of Integrity and coiifiderable known EffcaDei^
who might have full Power and Authority not oh I y to
grant and confirm Lands, &c. but to compenfate
Jfort arid refurhe ever Meafufe.— The fecond, That
he would grant them fuch an Inftrument asomight
abfojutely feCureand defend the Freemen of the Pro-
yince/by them reprefented, in their Eftates and Pro-

Wuu am Fbnh, Efq. Governor. 41

from himfclf, his Heirs and Affigns for ever,
bAm^nclahning under him, them, or any of them ;
a£*Hb to clear all Indian Purchafes and others.— And
tMMft, "that the Bill of Property, pafs'd at New-
*4#£^ might be inferted in the Charter, with fuch
Amendments as fhould be agreed on.

To each of the whole twenty-one he return *d a ipe-,
cial Anfwcr; and to the three recited, thofe that
follow. € * To the firft ; I fhall appoint thofe in whom '
**•&. can confide, whofe Powers (hall befufficient and
«* puktick for the Security of all concerned 5 and I
* 4 hope they fhall be of honcft Character without juft
<c Exception, to do that which is right between you
" and me." ['Tis ftrange the Crown fliould not be
fo much as mention'd] *« Tothefecond: Much of
" it is included in my Anfwer to the firft : However,
*' I am willing to execute a public Inftrument or
Charter to fecureyou in your Properties according
£0 Purchafc and the Law of Property made lately
ait' $itw*CaJHe> excepting fome Corrections and
Amendments abfolutely neceffary therein. Aiid
u ^o iithe laft, I agree that the Law of Property
" tm&tHi Ntw»C#ftle fhMbe inferted in the Charter
4t wish tfequifite Amendments."

:How -fliort thefe Expreffions fell of his Speech is
obvious. Nor is it any Honour tohimfelf or. his
Laws* that the latter ftood in need of fo many A-
mendments ; and that the Freemen found Reafon to
thrak;they could not take too many Precautions to
fefei^re thfcmfclves againft him.
srtTo thefe Anfwers of the Governor* the Aflembly
j^tttfn/idias many . Replies ; moft of them expreffing
t^eir lAbceptance and Acknowledgments; And the
fatter bf 1 the firft being at all Times equally reafona*
fete,/ idefef ves, to be particularly remember'd, to wit,
^irhatche Commiffioners thou art pleafed to pro*
%rtrfifr^be>invefted with full and complete Power ^ and
W$»nobhg'd\by. fcirie Claufe in the Commiffion to'
ifcttit without Refufai or Delay, according to the full
~oi4'ba>; tJ:l:; ! -."., ; "and

tc

(C

4*, An HifterUal RE F-Jfi W> fa*?

44 and public Powersthere&f j j*o4$H#; itwou^d^i^
44 thee to nominate the Perfons to the AfiQmbJy*" ^

The Governor, on die Qther te*$, ^)M^5fB%9*
Artifice or Complaifonce is hard tMiy * wqu^ faye;#
wwiue'd them to name his Sv^fttfut^tl^fnfclv^:' ijj^t^
they as artificially or complaifandy excys'd thfoq^
felves* faying, They did not pretsrvi to- the, Know- ;
ledge neceflary for fiich a NQmift^tion, at*d thaf t&ey .$
delirM to leave it to the Governor's Pleafure.

While xhe Charter of Privilege wa$ uj)jder Con-
fideration* the late Breach between the Members of
the Province and thofe of the Territory was again .,'
opened, and foon grew wider than ever.

The Territory Men were for obtaining fome Powers
or Rights peculiarly favourable to themlelves ; which
the others thinking unreafonable, were not willing to
allow: And not being able to carry their Point, tfce
Members for the Territory left the Houfe,

The Proprietary interposed his Authority to bripg 7
about an Accommodation % and farthe prefeutpre-^
vaiPd. — But the fame Spirit of Animofity ftill re-'
main'd ; and what with the Hurry the Governor was
in to fee fail, and what with ?he warm Pifputp which
arofe between him and the Affenjfaly concerning tlje,
Allowance to be made to fuch as hjid defective MqW,
fore in their Lands, the Ren^ajfldpr of a Seffion* To
pfaufibly open'd, and in which the Conftitutiqn waf
t*> be finally fettled, was four'd with Expoftulations.
and Reproaches even to the laft Momcpj of ijuC&B<£
die Governor and his Freemen at laft parted l&pBwpte
Who irere equally glad, they had niade fo muph off
and were how f toi>e:feparated fromv each ojchpr, ; '!>' 7 V*
5 And thus the: Courfe of Time h?s bfought^u^ tfy
that Frameor Syftcm which, in, Sifjbpr^ipatii^n Jql ,'Upt$
ibyal Charter* is, ;atprefent, the R.\|k of G^en^p$

In ifefepr, 1700, theformer had been fyrrend^r'a ipfiaj.
the Hands of the Governor, by fix Papts^ip ^^ ^
the AfiembJy, under a foI^n\P*^ifc o|^^

&

VfttiiAM ftsWft, Eft. Governor. 4 j,

^ l ft)M^A4teratlOR8 ^d Amendments as fhould be

'tMftM^fth'bf >®Mh#, 1701, when the Governor

\&Vf frtttf hte Deptfttfte that ic might almoft be faid

%&$ one Foot on board, this Promife was made

JS$r the -Council; A* Affembly, (th* Prmincial

Rlt^iti that is tofty) ind feveral of die principal

Inhabitants of Philadelphia attending.

The Charter of Privileges granted by William Pen» %

~lq; to the Inhabitants of Pemfylvama^ and Territo-

W, this important Inftrument is call'd: And the.

tnahr Purport of ic is as follows. To wit. *' c Thac

becaufe no People could be truly happy, tho' under

th,e grekteft Enjoyment of civil Liberties, if abridg'd

of the Freedom of their Confciences as to their reli*

gtpus Profeffion and Worfhip, no Inhabitant, con*

rafihg^nd acknowledging one Almighty God, and

profefling himfHf oblfef d to live quiety under the

cfafti ^QoyertTttient^ fhduld be in any cafe molefted or

pitSxkdftftf r in Pterfon <* Eftate.— That all Perfons

prdteffiiig ttt befteve in Tfus Chrift the Saviour of the

W6rJc£ ^j^^fingt-'^heA requir*d» Allegiance to the

Ktfig; ' and taking v ce*tain Attefts by a certain

p^^jHaliiiW provided ^ Ihould be cipatde to ferve

ttftr^c^e¥nment either legiflatively or executively :—•

Thatf^lAfemWy fhoiMbt yearly cfaofcii by the Free*

:W f ^£6ftfift of fbufr Perfons out of each County*

Wft'l^m for VWtue, Wifdom, and ^i%, or of

faffi Number, if the Governor and Aflernhly

a^i^i ' l upoh ' the firft of 03dbet ion ever, and*

uRPHffi? 8h^* 14th following, Vfith Power to

; chufe a Sj^f^^ and 6tb*r their Officers, *o be Judge*

# tHe^^^IifieatioM and Ele6tionr of their own

lKH?!><fWp^t^6n their own Ad^tfrntnont*, ap^oinft

MWiie^t^ £fc^arfc Bills, impeach Criminals, wd

Grievances, with all other Powers and.Priw

Win Ammf^ bearding to the Rights of

Itb&rn 56%je«ls 8f England, and thri Guftonara

jBS^oWyy ^Ptfft^Kiftgk Pkncatioiw UJmmm^

~f hat two thirds of the Freemen fo chofen fhould

Yvwe

44 -A* Historical R :E V I E W, bttf

have *te full Power <rf the vhole :— »That tbefaid
Fieerbca in each refpe&ivc County, at th£ Time aod
Btace ofi meetiag for cle&ing Reprefentativ^, Y might
chufe a double Number of Perfonato prefent to tte
Governor for Sheriffs and Coroners, to ferve for three
Years if fo long they flhould behave themfclves well,
out of whom the Governor was to nominate one for
each Office, provided his Nomination was made the
third Day .after Prefeatment, otherwife the Perfomfirft
named to ferve •, and in cafe of Death or Default, the
Governor to fupply the Vacancy : — That three Pec-.
foos. fhould be nominated by the J u dices of the re-
fpe<3ive Counties, out of whom the Governor was to
feledt one to ferve for Clerk of the Peace, within ten
Days, or otherwife the Place to be fill'd by the firft
fo nominated — That the, Laws of tjie Government
fhould be in this Stile, viz. By ihe Governor* with
the Confcnt and Approbation of the Freemen pk General
JJfembly met : —That all Criminals fhoutd havcthe
fame Privileged of WitneflSrs and Council as ? their
Profecucors : — That no Perfon, fhewid be obligfd
to anfwer. any Gompteinti Matcer or Thing whatfo-
evei?, relatkig to Property* before the Governor and
Council, or in any other Place but in ordinafy Courfe
of Juftice, unlefs in Appeals according 10 Law ;— -
That th&Eftates of Suicides Ihould not be forfeited : —
That no A6t, Law, or Ordinance whatfoever fhould
at iany Time hereafter be madeordooe to alter,
change or dkninifla the Form or Effeft of this Char-
terror of.any Part or.Claule therein, according to the
tiaia Intent erfci Meaning thereof, without the Con-
fiaitrof the Governor for the Time being, and fix Parts
IB feven of the A0embly met : -?-That the fir ll Arti-
cle relating , to Liberty of Coafcience iha^Jkl -be kept
and remain without any Alteration inviolably for
ever : —That the faid William Penn* forhimfeif, his
Heirs and Affigns*, did therehy jblemnly declare, grant
and confirm, that neither he, hi* Hem or Affigns,
fhould procure or do any Thing, or Things whereby
the Liberties in th's Charter contain'd apd exprefs'd,

nor

t c

6T afy P^U-t thereof, fhoold be infringed or broken ;

tfdptfoat if any Thing Ihould be procured and done

*g4ny.Perfoft or Perfoas contrary thereto, it Ihould

M fc&d of no Force or Effect."
^^ Thiisi> tho' much remained of the firft IaOkotioo,
dh^te'waa taken away*— The People? had .'ho longer
the Eteftion of the Council 5 confequentiy all who,
?for the Future^ were to ferve in that Capacity, were
*to be nominated by the Governor, confequentiy were
to ferve on what Terms he pleafed. — Inftead of hott-
ing but three Voices in feventy-two, he was left fmgle
in the Executive, and at Liberty to reftrain the Le-
gislative by refuBng his Aflent to their Bills whenever
bethought fit.

On d(ie other Hand, the Aflembly, who at firft
could nor propound Laws, tho 5 they might amend or
tejefir them, were put in Pofieflion of that Privilege:
And, upon the Whole, there was much more Room
lor Acknow ledgments than Complaints.

How much ioevcr the Governor had grown apon
/Mrct^PaA, and how much foever his Concern for
others kad virotn off when raifed to a Sphere above
rhem^ it is plain he had not forgotten bis own Trial,
i\op the nobte Commentary upon MagnaGwrtiL, which,
-in hte Tra<9^ called, The Peoples ancient and jvft JUktr-
ti&affir?ed r he had upon that Occafion made public.
Wherein* he lays,

** There were but two Sorts of Government:
itft WiB ahd Power ; or, Condition and ContraS.
$& 3Tfeat the firft was a Government of Men, theft-
^ cond of Laws. That Univerfai Reafon was and
, Ji' btJghff to be, among rational Beings, Univerfai
-tfi/L#wV That of Laws, fome were fundamental and
Kj^!i&my«fcb$e ; fome • temporary, made for prefent
iv* 0^wniencef and for Convenience to be changed :
# Slizz the fundamental Laws of England were of all
pyfL&m imoft abhorrent of Will and Pleafure: And,
tt^&M till Motif k fhould jland without tktir own Foun-
X^itiliGU$3 and Englifhmea tf*yW tobt Engliflimen,
t b l 2~iyiw>.-? bi-.i -.- ■; ■:. *' they

.-■J

. * j

\jfS And JLfi*r Hamiltqic, Rfa. Dep. Governor.

** they could not h c*ncelkd> mr iht,Subjc3'$ deprwtd'of
« the Bt*tft$ of then*:* . . :i ,a> >••

Such as it was, bjr the Freemen of die Pfjmtke it
was thankfully accepted, fcucbyjthofe of the tferritofy
tfttanimoufly declined: And in this divided Condi-
tion this mew Lycurg*s r as Montefauicu calls him, left:
(hem.

' Andrew Hamilton, Efq. (not the celebrated Baf-
tifter of that Name) was the Perfon appointed td be
-his Sdbftitute* And the principal Effort of his Ad-
miniftration was to bring about a Re^Union ; which
being at length found impradticable (the Territory-
Mcn dill per fitting in. their Refufal of the Charter)
the Province, in Virtue of that Charter v claimed a
feparafce Reprefentative of their own, which in. Point
of Number was fixed at eight Members for each of
the three Counties, and two for the City of Philadel-
phia, now fo conftituted by the Proprietary's fpecial
Charter: And after duly; qualifying thtem&ives as>
cording to Law, their firft Refohition was*

44 That the Reprefentative* or Delegates of thfe
** Freeholders of this Pravmce, according to the
Powers granted by the Proprietary and Governor
by his Charter, dated die eighth Day of October*,
** Anno Domini 1701, may meet in AfTembly on the
4C fourteenth Day of OSober^ yearly, at Philadelphia^ .
• c or elfewhere, as fhall be appointed by the Coyer*
** ftbr and Council for the Time being* a»difo jebn-
timie on their awn Adjournments from Time td;
Time during the Year of their Service* as • the J
*? fhall find Occafion, or think fie, for preparibg erf
Bills, debating thereon, and voting, in Qrckfc tb
their being pafied into Law*; appointing Com ^
mittees, redrdTing of Grievances, and impeaching
"of Criminals, as they fhall fee meet, mas ample.
** Manner, as any of the Afierobiits of dhi* Provmeej
■•« and Territories have hitherto at any Time done;
<c or might legally do, as effc£tually, to ali Intents
?- and Purpofes; as any of the neighbouring Govern-

"c ments

c«

*t

^firien$£ ohdertlrc Crown of England hajrjr Poorer to

do, according to the Rights end Privikges of *. the

^^A^rf^^nSiAgefts of i England* keeping to ; the

ViRoTes and i^refcrrptioias of the Parliament ? of

IrEhglandy Kb near as may foe, refpei&ng*the Infaitcy

^ of the Government Vfcod the Capacities of the PeO-

(< p!e : And that the faid Aflembly, as often as thcGo-

* drefnor 4br the Time being jhali require, artend on

* brm, in Order m Legiflarion ; and ta'anrfwtr ail
•* '©their juft Ends of Affemblies-on any Emergen-
ifc cks or Reafons of State ; but lhail not be^bbjefi:
^' at any Time to be by him adjourned* prorogued, of

^tNflfolved. ,,

? This* was the State of Things when John Evans*
Efq.i appbintsed Deputy-Governor on the Death of
Mr. Bawitoni arrived in the Province in the Begia-
rimglof the Yea* 1704.

!:■> What hisComnfiffion and Iaftru<5tions were does
ma appear* -fiat having convened the Representatives
both of* the Province Jtn& Territories to meet him at
tfce (ifnc^Time ii his Council-Chamber, he aflfetted
to be fu rgrized at finding drem in feparate Slates ; faid
her Majcfty confidered tfiem a& one cfltire Gfevfern-
9ieot4 and eaurwe illy pre fled them both to come to an
*ricabls 'Agrteftient, not without Infmuation, That?
pcitfttrrof them would otherwife be in a Cmd&toa to
attwUdk I* ■• : -■;••:■'■ .v : . v . , ■-

-ngChe^Provineiab^ in return, intimated,' Thattbey
teokdtfe heartily glad of a farther Union with the
"fwfmterio^ if iiicouid be obtained with^MtJPrefudice
fett^£b»ftitaieion or to their Charter; S&kH Thofe
g6 tb&^mtory had been the Occafioo^f inferring
tfcarOlagfe^midieir Charter by Which they had toeett
tgafcrfeixTO : *& feparately : Made Prtffeffioas of , fo
raqchiQead-Wtil and, good Neighbourhood as might
pttwntSiH Inconveniences from their Separation *
T'lnttfcthef had appointed a Committee to coafer with

•r£iinfd*$oes «werfe accordingly opened bttwim the
twoAiotffes, which produced two Papers: One from

I

48 An mjtorical REVIEW, feci

the Territory-Members, not over ingenuous in if*
Contents, offering now to receive the Charter they
had till then rejedte^, and to co-operate with thofe of
the Province : And the other, a Reply from the Pro-
vincials, charging them with Inconfiftency, and de-
claring, That feeing they were by their formal Re-
fufal necelfitated to form themfelves into a diftindt
Afiembly, and were now eftablifhed accordingly, it
was not in their Power, as they conceived, without a
Violation of the Charter and Truft repofed in them,
to entertain any Expedient to reconcile their Requeft
of an Union with the faid Charter, &c.

Thus all Negotiation on this Head came to an
End, and the Provincials were already in Difgrace
with their new Governor, for (hewing fo little Regard
to his Recommendation.

A Bill to confirm their Charter, and fome Proceed-
ings to correft the Exorbitancies of the proprietary
Land-Office, rendered them yet farther pbnoxious :
And they alfo were in their Turns exafperated by fome
intemperate Cenfures paffed on their Proceedings by
one of the Governor's Council.

Nor was this all; the Bill to confirm their Charter,
&V. was fent back with fuch Amendments as appeared
to the Houfe deftruftive to the prefent Conftitution,
and for that Reafon drew from them the following
unanimous Refolutions, and Addrefs founded thereon.
To wit,

46 Refolved, That what is propofed for Amend-
" mentin the fourth and fifth Pages of the Bill, will
44 render the faid Charter ufelefs and ineffe&tf^l, and

bring an Odium upon the Proprietary, who granted

this inftead of other Charters, wherein were larger
4C and greater Privileges granted to the firft Adven-
44 turers and Purchafers of Land in this Province,
" which they expefted (as it was their undoubted
t4 Right) to enjoy, as well as the Lands they bought :
,c Therefore this Houfe cannot admit of thofe A-

mendments ; becaufe they are alfo deftrudtive to

the prefent Conftitution, by which the Reprefenta-
4 " tives

,«6

\yaus} E/q* Dep. Governor. 51

|uire p and to which the Opportunity
to them ought to invite and encou-

the Rejoinder of the AfflbmbJy.

4i

n>.

fotfjtti 'Bfij. Lieutenant-Governor, Gfr.
ddrefs of the Reprefentativcfc, 13 c.

" Humbly fheweth,

have taken into our ferious Confidcra-
feitten Meffage Yefterday, relating to the
Confirmation of the Charter of Privi-

:e the Points of Diffolution and Proro-
>y thee afferted, and the Power of this
►vto fit tapon their own Adjournments,
|ht into Quefti on by the Council in 08o~
tich occafioned us to proceed thus far in
and fettling our Conftitution by Char-
iceive We cannot fafely let it drop at
(and remain difputable) without Viola-
m Injury to, • our foid prefent Conftitu-
confequently it will not be fo proper to
>khe Di^atcft of other Affaifs of Import-
E us. whilft our Foundation remains un-

ifi.

.1 • 1 .>

■J

6Winfg what one of the Members of
r camdwith theMeflage was pleafed to
^ That the Proprietary had not gtvea
er of Diffolution^ fcfc. by the Char-
'■ Words)- yet that it could not be in-
( tfdfc^dby him, feems evident to us

ig fteslfons :
I6fii it cbitld at no Time be put in
h6utf¥ufthmng the very Defign of
fiat vrt ftiOuld have an annual (landing

E 2

J* Secondly,

cc

tC

5 o A* Hifiorical R E VIE W* Sq&

" Authority of thisGoveriunera:* and will mtik&Wdy
" for Efc&iftM by .-Writs grounded upon a ;Breroga-
41 tive, or rather a Pre-eminence, which the ^sopH-
" etary and his Deputy are by Charter debarred to
" refume, L. .;; *, . , . y -A -■ -,-;:;^nA

" But to*ake off the Jealoufies that may rife upon
" that Par; of the Charter apd t Bill», which jrtipowers
us to fit upon our owp Adjournments, we are will-
ing to fetti$:and limit the Times of Adjournment
11 and Sitting > and in order thereunto propofe to the
•* Governor,

" That a Claufe be added to the aforefaid Bill,
" That the Time of the Afiembly's Sitting from the
" fourteenth of Ottober* yearly, (hall not exdeed
* 4 twenty Days, unlefs the Governor for the Time
" being and Affembly (hall agree to a longer Time ;
" and the Adjournment from that Time (hall not be
" lefs than three Months \ and fo for every Time of
cc fitting, ajid every ^dj£ur$riien.t within ^the Year,
refpedivcly J ," ; ,

The Retura tpthis w^s S3 follow: v/%. , *-

4t

From the Governor ia Council to the AttmMf. '

X IVUt WJ4V_>^\A^ *-».** V* IILVUWUV.il IV kill* l & XAAltl

cc

CC
CC
CC
4C

cc

The Gpv grjior, . upop the : .bcft Advke foe, qan
have upon tfie £oipt of^DiifqlWop-and.-'ErrQCOga^'
tion, cannot be of Opinion, that the PrcfprfetarjT
has graqtod sway that Power; and.-thgt jffeefefore
it is yery r upfafe for him to do it, tie is; yj?r i yoUh-< '
willing tp have any Mifunderftanding, wutfedthe
Aflembly* and fhall always be inclinable lo^jrwkc 1
cc Things eafy in this, as well as other Ppirtfs]; iamd
" defires to leave, it till further Directions can>bfe;bad
" fromEngland, to which he thmjts it i&iit th§iMatrier
* c fhould be referred.: And in the. Mean Tim0\re<Soft1-
mehds to the Afjembly, to proceed to thqDifpa&h
of fuch other Bufinefs of Importance as lies.befcre
t\- them, and the Exigencies of the Government

*' necefiarily

cc

^Jimn ISvtoWs, £fq< Dep. Governor. 51

J*f /hoDfefiarilyrbquirB^ and to which the Opportunity
^. netW presented :to them ought to invite and encou-

ff ;Bft^3themj^^ f :.OH3::

And this was the Rejoinder of the Afflbmbly.

&!£wtyfo&uaiil fi Bfq. Lieutenant-Governor, Gfr.
' r: :;TiMii3>he/Addrefs of the Reprefentathrei, fcfo

cc

41

CC

Humbly fheweth,

' ••# That we have taken into our ferious Confidcra-
^ition thy* written Meffage Yefterday, relating to the
M BiH for Confirmation of the Charter of PrivU
'hlejgesv '£s?€v :

^rAnd-fince the Points of Diffolution and Proro-
* f gatioaare by thee afiferted, and the Power of this
?fc Affeinbly to fit u|k>n their own Adjournments,
'SfiriR: brought into Qpeftion by the Council in 08o~
" ber laft, which occafioned us to proceed thus far in
<c . explaining and fettling our Conftitution by Char-
" tcr ; we conceive We cannot fafely'let it drop at
" this Time (tod remain difputable) without Viola-
(ianf rof^ or Injury a>, our kid prefent Conftitu-
tion ; and confequently it will not be fo proper to
'* proved *o the Dfff>atch pf other Affairs of Import-
M ^w^tiifdre f ui, > tytiilft: our Foundation remains un-

iT^i^gpj^t j all6wir% wttat one of the Members of
4t rCoxmdFwti(j camd^ith theMefiage was pleafed to
^fbb#fW t£ (1 tky That the Proprietary had not gtvei*
€ ^iway)th<! 4^er of Diffolution, &c. by the Char-
•fcaer t \iu mtyefs Words] yet that it could not be in-
c l>5eh«d'§d be refiSVed by him, feems evident to us
"i fbtbh&fojfoiiiihg fteafons :
*fto^y^nBkaafe it cbuld at no Time be put in
P*a#fcfei Wfthbut f¥ufttating the very Defign of
thfe4Jrant, That we ftiould have an annual (landing
£ Affembly.

E 2 11 Secondly,

...

■.*■**_.,='.

5 2 An Hifimcal R E VIE W, &c;

" Secondly* That whenever a Difibhition fliould
" happen, the Governor not being capable to call a
<c new One by Writ, as the fame Member, of Council
cc rightly obferved, the remaining Part of that Year
" the Province miift be deftkute of an Afienably,
" and the Governor of Power to cali one, whatever
c< Commands from the Crown or ocher exfcaiordiiiary
" Occafions may happpen, unlefs (as the faid Mem-
€C ber was pleafed to obferve) by fome fech Means
iC as would need the Power of a fubfequent Aflembly,
44 to confirm all that they ffooukl have Occalion to
M ad or do.

" Thirdly*, That the Proprietary, in the Preamble
*' of this prefent Charter, having been pleafed to re-
<c member and acknowledge his Promife made to
" the Aflembly upon the Delivery of the former
" Charter, that he would either reftore m riiat or
* c another better adapted to our Circutaftances :
" Therefore, in Aflurance of his good and fincere
*' Intentions, this Charter mufi: be finch $n one.

" Fourthly , By the former ConftitMtioa, it is /very
* plain there could be no Brffoluttofi; beeaufc thfc
<c fame Members of Aflemhlj^ aad avo others* were
" liable to be 'called .at any Time within the Yean
* € And inmany Years Experience, noInooaYCtMancy
< c found to »riie thereby ; nor was that -aey c<mtro-
«* verted Point between the Proprietary and the Peo-
" pie, far the reftifying whereof another Qiatfier *was
*' though tueceffary,- bat other Matters not Juriktrown
« to fonie of the Council*

u Mftbfyi andlaftly^ As axlear OProcf thatftheiPro*
* 4 prietary never intended to referve the flower of
*' Diffi>lutk>n, it may be remembered, that) at the
Qofe of the Seffioas of Aflembly, in ^thc Year
i70r, when the Members bcihg then obofen by
Writs, requefted a Diffolution, the Proprietary an-
« fwered, He would not do it ; Bor could lit anfwer
«' ic to the Crown, to leave the Province Without a
(landing Aflembly.

i «* Upon

it

<c

u

John Evans, Efq* Dep. Governor. 53

'KUgxm the whole, we take Leave to inform thee,
c < that fince this Aflembly (having long waited in hopes
** o£*be paffing of this, with other Bills lying be-
" /ore thee) is much Araiteaed in Time, the Seafon of
** the Year urgently calling moft of the Members
" from their Attendance ; and confidering the Gover-
c * nor's great Indifpofition is an Obftruftion of Bu-
u finefs ; and that another Ele&ion is now near at
Cl Hand ; that it is the Inclination and Defire of this
14 Houfe, that all other Bufinefs might be waved till
44 the Meeting of the next Aflembly,; and that in the
" mean Time, the Governor would be favourably
" pkafed further to confider the aforefaid Points."

Impelled alfo to difcharge their Minds in full to the
Proprietary himfelf, they agreed, Nem. Con. to nine
feveral Heads of Complaint, which were entered in
their Minutes as follow, to wit \

44 Firft, That the Proprietary at the firft fettling
u of this. Province, promifed large Privileges, apd
44 granted feveral Charters to the People \ but by his
M Artifices brought -them all at his Will and Plea-
** fare. to defeat

** Secondly^ That DiUblution and Prorogation, and

i% calling Affemblies by his Writs, impowered by his

*« GornmifTion tb his prefent Deputy, and his Orders

¥1 to his /former Deputies and Commiffioners of

H "$t3Hie, r aie contrary to the faid Charters*

^v/^tTAfittOjf, That:he has had great Sums of Money

^uhs&Hime he was here, for negotiating the Confir-

" mation of our Laws, and for making good Terms

« c fecittdwne for the People of this Province, and eafe

J'J« T hwdEriends here of Oaths, &V. but we find none

3d* of dor?.' Laws are confirmed, nor any Relief a-

?» /gairift Oaths* but an Order from the Queen to re«

v4« rcplwreOatiis %6 be adminiftered, whereby the Qua-

ns/jkrira^difabtedto fit in Courts.

;//!«! Ft>urtMy\ That there has been no Surveyor-Ga-

•Vneral fince Edward Bennington died, but great Abu^

*. c fes by Surveyors, and great Extortions by them

" and the other Officers concerned in Property, by

E 3 u \Ufcfav

54 An Hiftorical REVIEW, &c<„

" Rcafon of the Proprietary's refafing W^IV^at
<e Law propofed by the AfltexMy^iil ijOiyt&wMr
u late Fees, £s?ir. ; -^ r^-' > - - -' ^"^

44 F//W/y, That we an* I&tf'to'-*e*em^Ms-1H*We#jr
44 Thing that he hath Hot particularly granted,*' or
44 made expretfs Provifion foi* ; becaufe the ^ptefent
44 Deputy calls it' a great Hard fhiji upon him,- and
44 fofrie of theCouncil urge it as abfurd and" unrea-
44 fonable to defite or expeft any Enlargement or Ex-
C4 planatibti by him, of what the Proprietary grant-
44 ed. ,

44 Sixtbfy, That we are alfo left rennedilefs in this, that
c< when we are wronged and oppreffed about our civil
44 Rights by the Proprietary, we can't have juftice
44 done us ; becaufe the Clerk of the Court belhj| of
44 his own putting in, refafes to make out any Pro-
44 cefs*, and the Juftices by s and before; Whorft our
44 Caufes againft him fhouldbe tried, ar^ 6f hteown
cc Appointment; by Means whereof, hi f bec6tnes
* c Judge in his 6wn Cafe, wlfich is againft ^natiiral
44 Equity: - ; - > ■ ' '' ^ >'■-' ^ '^' ^ s "
4 4 Seventhly ^hzt Sheriffs ^id otherOffic^s 60 tfte
greateft Truft in thts"G6^erniii^nt,-wTiitJh r the^Pro-
cc prietary hath commiffionatedi befagMdh^Tfrel vi-
44 fible Eftates V and if any of them 1 have ^ett^Se-
44 curity, it Was to hirrtfelf $ fo that the- Pec$£ ^om
" thefe Officers have abufed aftd deMudcft, ekrt } ?eap
44 no Benefit bf luch Security. 1 - !l *- : .' >^"^

44 Eighthly; that tftho^tte"Ctoirtrtiiffiphoi4 1 MJPro-
perty hate Power by thetr Cdrntiniffifori" tfPWaltc
Satisfaaion' where People haVe ri6t their fifflfQtian-
tity of Laftd according to ih&fPw^Rfy&&iy
negleft and delay doing Right' y \hmeBthffl! b *
" Ninthly, Tfiat we charge the PWjJHeB^ not to
44 furrtndei* the Government, Skiing N'btife^ 1 ^ the
44 Intimation he had given of ttiftktngf Tei^J^f.
« and let him underftand how Vite groWS'ctf W.*"
And they otdered a RdprefentadbtV^^be^fkwn
up confeqtient thereto, and feht by ih& AtWGtifror-
tumty, - k. *■ Ji4

Parts

cc

cc
cc
cc
cc

cc

Joh* EfrAM,"Efq. Dep. Governor. 55

- ^aiiu-of this are already before us 5 and, as a fug-
ge^tponwas afterwards made, that it contained other
IVfatter than was comprehended in the Articles, the
Reguinder ^ defc*vf%flo^e inferted here, r

fXI^t upon f thy. being reftored to the Goverrt-

^peot^thou f^qMired' thy lieutenant to, govern us
44 awarding to Charter* wffaich, by Reaibq of Fletcher's
*V Ipserr^ptioo, became impoflible before^ thy Orders
€ {_ reached us, and fo the Government fell under great
u ConfuQon #gai n j hor was the AdminiQration of
" thy Propriety much better manag'd, becaufc thou
V ipiu; fame in that Commiffion with whom the reft
*, woul^pot a£t; and at laft the Ofljce of Property
";#ncl ^urycyor-General came to be (hut up, and
i4 thouj k^pt .tfaem^ fo whilft thou fold Lands to the
^ ^alue og about. Two thoufand Poupds Sterling,
'VaRft: gave <hy J Warrants in England for furveying
^ the laid Land?* *$d alfo got great Tradls of Land
Q l^uifputor &Qur#4 for thyielf and RelatiQns, be-
*V £$$s Several vaju^le Parcels which fhould have
" been laid out for the Purchafe, but were referved

% t^j$MTjvfywf, ? >yjhether for rijeeorthemfelves

tpe^fcpffv^npt }rt^gyie;ytx thou appropriated thofe
, tfrpfa^j^felfj by the Name pt wstaltd Lands 9
"^wh^*^ 4R r ?Trqth they were concealed from the
".P#r<^afqrs ,~who ■ Wi$ to have thcirXands laid out
ts^qffi^W^ 5 ^n^;* -Wothefr and noVaconcies left
* between them ; and thou waft to have only thy
^^f^tjhpgS^^^Uvaccordrngto the Coaceffions thou
3^fa^fabty &xf\ Adventurers* aiid if thou took
"rf^PHffj W?fe» ^ W«,-: thy own (pot their) Fault ;
*5rf94%^h?lriW^ri.^F*8r«a manifeft Injury to many of
" thflfg^a^^eclajred.

, jonT^feH^PP 1 ! &# **$ Arrival here, after all the
f^T^r^ft^ m$ iP^fapppintments we. had laboured
•ijur^f^'fve^ped tp^epjoy the Pruits of thy for-
^raigij^ but inftead of

*v w^d^'9JWAi#W vcr y ftriLof Refentment, and
oJflmjfflR Offi Applications and Addreffes, about

our juix Rights and Properties, were anfwered by

£ 4 "^t-

44

*/

* s

tc

CC

4C
€«
C<

«
CC

«

CI

C(

tc
cc
tc
ct
tc

56 . An mprkal &EVIEW, &c.

* 6 Recrimirtations or bitter Ihve&ive9; and we found
" that the falfe Infinuations ami Reproaches, that
our Adverfartfs had fcaft upon the Province with
" refpeft to falfe Trade and harbouring Pirates, had
tnade fo great an Impreffion updn thee, that thou
4t rather believed them than thy honeft Friends.

And when thou entered upon Legiflation, thou-
waft pleafed to repeal all the Laws that were made
** in Gol. Blttthtr*$ Time, which were approved by
the King or Queen, as, we were informed* and as
fome of ui gathered by the Account thou gave of
**■ them, viz. That Chancellor Somers had fent for
thee to know what thou had to objedk agaihft any
<€ of thofeLaws, and if it had not been fotf thee
none of them had pafled, or Words to that Effedt :
And not only fo, but the People being minded to
furrender the faid fecorcd Charter, upon thy Pro-
mifc to give them a better in Lieu of it 5 and
under Pretence of paffing an A6t for confirming
and fecuring their Lands, Gfr. thou obtained Li-
« berty to re-furvey all the Lands in the Province,
" and to bring the People to Terms for the Over-
<c pins* fo that by this Stratagem, the Warrants,
" Surveys and new Patents, coft the People as much,
! 6 and to fome more, than the firft Purchafe of theif
* c Lands, befides their long Attendance upon thy
Secretary and Surveyors to have their Bufineft
done : But i before thou would pafs t hat)Aj^ it
rnuft be accompanied with an Impoft or Excifei
cc and a Two thoufand Pound Bill befidesr' And all
" this thou efteemed but inconfidejable* when tfioti
" Compared it with the vaft. Charge thou 'hadf (been
" at, in the Adminiftration and Defence of this <Jo-
*V vernment, finde the Year 1682, though 3«Je know
u thy Stay he*e at firft Coming was not abpvs two
w Years, but went Home about the Diffeeenfccnbe-
< cc tween tbee and Baltimore^ concerning the Bounds
u of the LovUer'Countks, and did not return ri& the
" Year 1 699 ; eacufing thy Ssay > by-* thy Service .to
" the Nation of England m general* and f to thy

*' Friends

(4
if

I

Johk Evans,; Efq. Dep. Governor. 57

u Friends theie ir* particular, (as appears by thy Let-
f< teles, from Time to Time) whilft the Intereft of
•Sriris Pxovi nee was finking, which might have been
"utpheid fey the many wealthy Perfons thai were in-
u clioed to tranfport thes&fclves here, after the Rout
" of Monmouth^ if thee had then Game over accord-
" ing to thy repeated Promifes ; and how far thy
44 Stay kas either effefted what thou went about, or
* 4 contributed to the Eftablifhment-of the Inhabitants
" here in their juft Rights and Liberties and Pro*
u pet ties, we leave thee to demonftrate, aid the
14 WorkLto judge: In the mean Time, we defire
" thee to confider better what to place to the Account
"of this Province, and do not forget that no Part
" ofrtfcy pretended Charges was expended in paying
" (bme of riiofe who afted under thee, in the Ad-
44 rfinjftration here, one of whom, viz* Thomas Lloyd*
•* ferved thee in that Station about nine Years of thy
" Abfence, which thou leaves, it feems, for the
*> Country to difcharge.

. ^/Elttt after thou had managed thefe Points, and
" &a* ient for to England, thou granted the third
€ \:Gtm£tit of Privilege*, by which we are now con-
^ veBcd.-, )a$ alfo a Charter to incorporate the City of
*f Philadelphia* ahd figned a Charter of Property,
* iwifci&fufed t6 order thy Seal to be affixed there-
^.irtitel, titt thou bad advifed upon it in England:
» Jfafcenthdefs^ . thOa promifed .under thy Hand,
Mutbaf thj>u? w?Quld confirm the firft Part of it relating
ft feaiTidcaaf Land* fottt thou fent thy Order, under
"tofHaadand Seal, dated within fix Months after, to
; 6xbtta*r naart d the Seal mg thereof.
ol* ?iEhair after the Laws were completed for raifing
VomlLthc Sffcii Ta$cs and Impofts, thou propofed that
3* if s^Trkndftiwoyld give thee a. Sam of Money,
W thott^proffiifed ta negotiate their .Affairs at Homo
ffnDo^hBfiribeft! Advantage j and endeavour to procure
4f:tflks Approbation lef: our Laws, and a general -Ex*
■ ft* xmptforv (from Oaths ? We find that confiderable
W:Smniifhav4i been" mfcd by Way of Subfcriptioii

£* M Uiflmcal R E FIE W % &c

•* art*! >Benevotefl€£* for that iSbrfckre \> 'Part thou* re-
c * reived bctfbre thou went* and mere ha Verfjebm re-
's 'ctrvcd fince by thy Secretary • ; but we Bait nooifte-
c * count that cnir< Laws are approm!* hor 4iadi«rt as
** much as ar Letter from thie* nor any other blntfc-
-** marion, but by thy SecrettfVy?s Letters^ whiVfi he
** thought <fit ttf communicate by Piece- meals* whtre*
**♦ by we underftand> thou baft been makiag Terms
«** for thyfclf and family. And by what we gather;
m ' khou hafl^been upon furrendering the Government;
^ ttor are thy Friends here eafed of Oaths, but on
** the contrary, an Order from the Queen, requiring
454 ' Oaths to be adminiftered to all Perfons who are
44 willing to tafke them in all Judicatures, wbercbyithe
44 People called Quakers are di fabled to fit in Gaum.
t€ That by the laft Charter of Privileges* thou
44 eftablifhed ar* annual Ele&ion< of RepreferifativeS
44 for AflemWy, and that they Ihoukl continufiarid
** Iktipon tbeif own Adjournments; yet by $5* Gorrt*
44 million to thy prefent Deputy, Jehn Evani^ihotx
did in a difredt Opposition r© tbefaid Charttc, give
him Power fcot bftly to caH Afiarabbe&tyrhis Writs*
** but to prorogue fcrtd diffolve them as hi 'fliouldr fee
4 * Caufc; *nd alfo tefcrved to thyfeltV thoVin ^E&glmd*
** thy final Aflfeht to all Bills paffed here by thyvJDe-
** puty : We f&ppofe thou haftrJot forgot, that *r hat
44 rfendered } the? former Charter inconvenient* if fl©*
€% impra^kabtevwas chiefly that CtiL FktchetfsJmer*
•* tfi*pti<*^^ ttve Qtfuii*-

** <dili arid rtbai tt**har, the Propofel&of JbaWfl<fesf$the
«*• GoufccH* s ftp Flrefehce of the Governor ; 4s - &ll$ithe
; 4 * IrtftabiHty^

iC fore Bxj^rtehte of, and whdfe- Rfcfute fta§ d^io*
<** doubted,^ a^htahfi nee happenedi;jBtlt^h^%rt|u»l
* v ftandirig Ai&mbiies, Nablfe ohiyltOfcthe>iXH6^Jirion
4I? ahdCau of the Governor as Ottaftort r^wre^^ras
41 never found m Inconvenier^y v rvor/affigr^e^as^
4 * Reafon for changing the faid ^n^forrt4wf|*efent
** Charter : And fhould that of TDSIToHttioifi foMair©*
44 {iuced, it ; would Jruftrate the Qta(SHtRti0A^^§*ufe
M * if k DUTolution fhould happen, the Province might

€€

JdHN Evans* Efq. Dep. Coventor: 59

* bcoalgrcat iPaci ofitte Year without, an AfieiftJbly*
•^ancbdhoGdveraior Without Power* tocaU one> w^at*-
^/focwelrConinianda ff om- the Cf <>wf>j qc otter Occa-
** fioristiiiay happeir; {fpr that thd Eleilion being fir*
*nrfd byf Charter, which! is - in Nat»f^of & perpetual
^ Writ; and has *thfe/ Authority #f *!Ljw*: jM)&£©u4d

* bt €uperfededby the Governor's V^t^^hicb(A$fewt
**?anl AS of State* arid mceriy TetBfK>jfcry& t*iy§uld
** Itopf pernicious Gonfequence^o *t&e jfeqvtyies* as
" well as thy felf •, and of this thou feeoied very fe*-
*' fibie, when beirig defired hy the'AiTf^bly^i^pon
** the; Oofe of theSdfion in the Yiear ayor* t«

* diflblve them, (being then called by Writs) riiou
<f toW^cbein, thou wouldft not do iv for that tjioa
**■■ couldft not anfwer to the Crown t6 leave the Pro*
** Itince wit hoot a standing Affembly. ♦

vi! -That as' fthe Exemption from my Diflblution or
**: Pforogarion^feemstct be an infeparaWe Confeqqeat
^^D tity Grant, as well asourr copft^at l^raftice **pon
^ttheionner ©harteiy whidi This ^yas by thy Prosntfc
«* f^MCoacty fbtopdn an Attempt tnjidfcby the Ceun*
& : titf ta'pir^EOgdei^un Qftafar laft*< we have thought
4 ^ F k ItfQtfDrity 1 to p^ ex*

^ pllicfing/awd £&dlmgj ©ur prtfeotCqftflitii tion * which
^ f Wharnig p«fefefiftec| to shy Depujtjf for his Affent,
**!fr e fifttliflg tfaattthe Power of Diflblutton and, Jfro-
**nrdgatlon< is not in exprefs Woird$ granted a>yay by
^©hafifcfl* -ai$\ iHd *hb Iftconyjerueptfyr, thereof with
*ufrid &ld (Doranrafikfti* after feveralCQ^fere^cps there-
'^trpbft/bad kithiMfn and his Cownqilv he tWughf fit
^Jt^iid^feusaoiforbearthe farther pJ-oQing Hi ril) we
^dfbddld^heto from Hwe •, therefore be feeipg un wiHing
««Hft> paft riieri&dilJiHvby^^

k^flbs Vttly :jf5iunflajtiott;r«f out prefcniiCftnftuufioiH
WM^gii^lld>itetPtl>ihlo & ^pi»>tW^f:i^42Ml){f^eA

»Wy9*^80P BufiwfQ whjW: thatri)wJ|ti>i>4itf0feM^d^
* c? ttf^iJ®wecfaipp^ iwHUN^dp^^nL^-

-^^^l^tito'itlthcii-h^ thelj^e*^^^
-^ fctt«W t^^tHoTliXiHibwltiefe mbfaftotijit fljidef ^^ be
ttJ f8fifibv^«ill*p4^ tfcly %ttcfly-€txioiVier/:bjib$l)BrI>»-

4C
CC

&> An Hftorical REVIEW, &cJ

44 ' puty without it ; feeing to proceed upon other M^t-"
44 ters, would be to raife a SuperftruSure before the
44 Foundation were well laid ; nor do we look upon
44 it very advifable for us tojproceedfar in Legiflatipn,
44 untill thou repeals thofe Parts, of thy Lieutenants
44 Commifiion, relating to Prorogation and Difiblytion
44 of Affemblies, for the Reafons before given y as
44 alfo concerning thy final Affent to Laws, which we
44 conceive to be very unreafonable in itfelf, and a great
44 Abufe and Violation of our Conftitution, that thou
lhould offer to put three Negatives upon bur Afts,
whereas by our firft Charter, we had none but that
of the Crown, and how thou gain'd another to thy-
44 felf, we have before (hewed thee, but now to bring
44 us under three, feems a Contrivance to provoke us
44 to complain to the Queen, that thou art not effec-
44 tually reprefented here, and make that a Motive for
44 her to take us under her immediate Care and Pro*
44 tection, which would make thy Surrender in fome
44 Meafure our A£t, which if thou lhould do without
44 the Confetit of the Landholders and Inhabitants oi
44 this Province firft obtain'd, would look too much
44 like Treachery. * ~

44 That it appears, by feveral Petitions now before
44 us, that very great Abufes have been and are put
44 upon the Inhabitants, and Extortions ufed by thy
44 Secretary, Surveyors, and other Officers, concern'd

44 in Property as well as Courts, which might have

45 been prevented or fooner remedied, had thou been
41 pleafed to pafs the Bill propofed by the Aflembly in
44 the Year 1701 to regulate Fees; as alfo the Want
44 of a Surveyor+General, which is a great Injury-arid
44 Difiatisfa&ion to the People; as is likewife the
44 Want* of an eftablifhM Judicature for Trials between
44 thee and the People ; for if we exhibit our Corn-
44 plaints againft thee, or thofe who reprefent thee in

-" State or Property, they muft be determined by or
* 4 before Juftices of thy own Appointment 5 by which
44 means, thou becomes, in a legal Senfe, Judge in
44 thy own Caufe, which is againft natural Equity :

44 There-

41
«

ci

John Evans, Efq. Dep. Governor. 6t

* TJierefcjre, wie.proppfe, that a, Man learned in the
X,*^$ EngUndt may be commiffioned By the
(^Ufeerv to de&rrnipp all Matters, wherein thy Ten-
ij^tfi h&ve jufl; ^ap.feto complaifi againft thee, thy
tfeputfes or Conwptffipfters •, or elfc reftore the Pep-
"pie, £o the Privilege ,of eleftijig Judges, Juftices,
" and, other Officers, according to the Dire&ion of
" the firflt Charter, and Intent of the firA Adventu-
u rer$ ? -and as the People of New-Evglandhzvc by
<l King PfMiam*% Charter : That thy Commiffioners
" of Property, are very unwilling to make good the
<c Deficiencies of thofe Lands thou Haft been many
" Years ago paid for (tho* thou gave them Power fo
<c to dp) and fo great is the Difficulty and Trouble to
" get Satisfa&ion in this Particular, that it is better
" lor one to foregp his Right, than wait on and attend
cbe CosHimiflionexs about it, unlefs the Quantity
wp^pg be yejry great,

We.have.jnany other Things to reprefent to thee
av jQriev^nces 5 a$ thy unheard of Abufes to thy
Eup^^St toffy i» pretending to give them a Town,
" and I lien by impofing unconscionable Quit-reQts, *
" makes it worfe by Ten-Fold than a Purchafe would
" have beer) : Ai(o the Abufe about the Bank, and
" wa#t of Cowman to the Town, and not only fo,
*V but the ve^y JL^nd the Town ftands on, Js not cleared
'V^ the Swede?* Claims.

^ 3phe£ are the chief Heads, which we thought fie

%&if$$$ Titne to lay before thee, earoeftly entreating

" ^&rnWP^ Coqfideratioa of them, and that thou

T ** r ^i^if[(ftJlafi: r after we have thus Jong f endqred

%^4i^9W^4 1 * n 4 cr t^fe Hardlhips (which of late

^jfs^'^\^jo^u^Qdup(^ us) endeavour as far as

^^^^ji^, tQjretrieve thy Credit with us thy poor

^^^^^•WW^ Subjefts, by redrefling thefe Ag*

ff^\^^q^^i^Q}3\ly in getting our Laws con-

.^S^^^ r a4d a^ %o be eas'd of Oaths, and giving

f>;^^ve^QwJfrs £0 thy Deputy to unite heartily

V V^]us r upi^ and thutheChar-

5f.;^}t^^|^^ r |4is for City and. Country, may be

., r ?V 7/""' " ' "~ \\ C^VivtV-

cc

ct
ct
ct

CI
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC

^e?pfeuM&« fettl^i ^ ? and ; c«ifir«n , d. by l&nmd
*' we further intreat, that effe&uel Qftre beitafe^for
£ j^^^ffi^gl^i^ce, sy&fifc, ,t<? our great ^<*|ble
% : mjmz tp.i^wwthqt, j§ jn$re.*ife and eojfftres&
%\jH*m$t «S <fi^* the arrivMflCifhy Deputy sftjfc&Hi*
** especially of late, than.^isiiewr knov^rt (fa^f6Efe)P
*.q^Qr ^je^cjs^bk to (up prrfs ; it, whilft it^ixfon-
€ &Wfdr.#» ^jftptr ewourjig'd by AutRority^t tia£
%Mowth%^f t j^Q NflftOre fobe^ Magistrates bei^g ftfc£$
**rifefHp ffi^Iajte Order about Oaths, and the Govta>
€c rj nors li^gacing Ordinaries not approven by the M&?
^ giftriatjqs '^ the City of Philadelphia* art$ 7 tfa*
€t Roaft chiefly ruled by fuch as are none of the moft
exemplary for virtuous Converfation : Thy pofijtive
Orders in the Premifes, will bcabfolutely neceffajy
to thy Deputy, who thinks it uareafonable, aqd. a
great Hardfhip on him, to give San&ion to L*ws.
Explanatory of thy Grams, or to do any Tbiflglby
way of Enlargement or Confirmation of -raught^
<4 fave what is particularly andpxpff^flyigraptg^byr
cc thee, it being by forjie of bis Council AMrgid^fcfa^

Abfurdity A in -us to expeit ; ; ancj V. 4$i* 4 |hflMlK>u
would order the licencing of Ordipariefl ^bkJ T^
•* verns, to be by the jfa£Hces»#(rcqrd^

ter dated in, September 1697$ and we hope w^iieed
hot be mpfe g^prefs in charging ,tfeefe las *hopitq&v
c}$rs thy owfij Honour and Hpnefty* or the Obliga-
tions thqii jart .under to thy Friends* and .p^rclfn) y r> *
Jy thy firft n Purchafers and, Ad venturer* Vtt&rpbild
i^ovince, that thou do not ^rrende^!,the)(0o^ft{|i-c»5
C6 me^ wha;fo^ver Terms thou. )tnay Jjy* foiiflflwgrr.
" fliake for thy/elf and Family* jwhiph^&fU drifts
••..no tefs than a betraying us, a^d.af) lea§: twilififtftkoj
<c like firft fleecing, then felling? &ut. r^b^ijufectfay^g
cc utmoft Intereft with the Queen, tp , f^fe, m& *b n fil»j-«
iC Premifes; ^pd if after thy ^ndea^ou^f^f^dnW 1
" keep the Government, it be per For^e vC^He^{i5QcTl) )
cc thee, thou will be the clearer in the Si^fo 0£, God i '
and us the Reprefentatives of the People fifj this
thy Province, who are thy real Friends and well

<< Wifhers,

tc

cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc

tc
cc

I

J&hn BvXrts^ Effr Dep, Governor. 6$

•^sWIft*^ as Wfe^*^ Is^HHdentih that we have
^dt&fettofc f4aJnJfw}ttithe<i." - f

Idl^Wfis^Winattirttrj^ttt focfh a'Fapfcr ^ this (hould
&&ptoa£fa& thofe k ^v^ teveird againft : And chat
IvmmA :6pttkt6 f *ftb^ntly on Pferfons differently
asadfc&hd differierttlffic^ffted. *

r cTliDftf beft acquainted With the N*ceffify 0f keep-
ing th# Bril Principles of GoverhMerft ever before
\\i0fr M$ts 9 and the Danger of admirtitfijg the leaft De-
pm&ri froirt them, could not but be pfeasM wfth the
jtiStn and firm Language of this Remonft ranee:
While thofe apt to be fo dazzled with the Out- fide of
Things, that they were incapable of looking into
their 'Contents, were as much foften'd with Concern
for the Father and Founder of their Community, and
consequently inclin'd to think him hardly dealt by
hrfc^ •-■»'■•■.: '

1 l^^t« J is4bmething in Connexion and Dependance
whi^^gives'd feeref Biafs to all we think and wtfti,
as^ftas^rhat we fay* And in all Difputes this mult
btfdtity^tiWrtl far ofv both Sides.
-'^Hft'ip^forfj, fbriie of them of the Council, made
thfcif Applimk^bf Petition to the next Aflembly
fof^Capy «ef it?, but *w*re flatly re&s'd •: • And even
wh#f. ihfe }i Q6vtthGt u himfelf in very high Language
recall** 4f, ^faffWett : immoveable as' Before.

iWMH^gii the/'nhlght be to rtd&rrtttiti Proprietary
to * f 43tf <Sgrif^ of ^i^^fi^ft: ObFigatioA^thty liiighc
be e^iftlly dhWHlittg 16 eipofe him. A nd 1 , agreeable'
totfc*# th^Aflfcmbty of 1706-7 in ohe'bf their Re-
n®«ftfen^s lb T tlif Got^rnor fay, 4t that Kdpirig the
Bitt^df tt^rttlthert IrtDifpute would have put ah End
tojf&k\& [ 6f ^he' Grievances they had feveral Years
grcih^l^^ri the^ had hitherto forborn fublkkly to
roMfdnfttate^^hiifing^ father to provide Remedies for
Thin^^mift^tterti tb complain of them." Some
Coneefrri they ttiight ilfo be under for themfelves :
Their* Afcdiidahcfy was precarious : It depended on the
good Will of Numbers : And the Infirmity of Na-
ture above touched upon, might happen to operate

mots

fc.i. .-

more powerfully in the People,, than the Confedera-
tion or Juftice and Safety to themfelves and their Pos-
terity. The Province, at this Time, h^d moreover
their Reafons on Account of O^tljs, a Militia^ &c.
to apprehend forpe Incopvenieqcy if they, fell under
the immediate (government of tjie Crown 5 and there-
fore did not care to break with the Prpprietary en-

Nor wa^ it ' lon^ before, by partial and indirect
Praftides, fuch as' ooth influencing and awing the
$!eftors'(Fa&s publickly charg'd on the Inftrumenrs
of Government by the Aflembly of 1706-7J that the
Governor obtain'd both an Aflembly and a Speaker,
almoft as complaifant as he could wifh,— Nor ought
it to be forgot that his Succeffor Gookin obtain' d fuch
another in the Year 1 710.

In all Matters of public Concern fomething per-
gonal will interfere. Thus we find dynngthia fwbu*
lent Period two Names frequently occur, as Opppiites,
in Principle and Purpofe, and the Oracles $iL their
refpe&ive Parties : To wit, David Lloyd, Speaker of
the Aflembly, and James Logan^ Seqrewy 10 ths Go-
vernor and Council, / , v

Logan infults the Members of the J^GkmHy fent
from the Houfe on a Meflage to the Governor. The
Houfe refent it, complain of it, arraign his Gonduft
in Office, and proceed agaiaft him as a publis ,De- ' •
iinqiient. The Governor, on the other Hand, con-
ceives an infuperable Averfion to the Speakpr, points
him out to the Public as ^n interested, f^fltious,
dangerous Perfon, treats him arrogantly at typ, fc-
veral Conferences, and complains of the li opfe for
not abandoning him to4iis Refentments. , ~ .

Thus Heat kindled Heat : Animofity excited Ani-
mofity : And each Party refolving to be always in the
Right, were often both in the wrong.

By the Way, This. And *tis neceflary ftill to

add, that all this while, the Charter of Privileges and
that for the City of Philadelphia* as well as that of
Property, remaia'd unconfirm'd *t Home. And the

/ Peo-

Johh EvANi, Efq. Dep, Governor. 6$

Petite were plainly told by Evans 9 that, till both the .
Ptoprietary and his Governor were put upon proper
M/kM/bments, they were not to expedl the Fruits of
& EuVour and Protection.

•The laft of thofe Charters, the faid Governor, in
ens of his Papers, was pleas'd to ftile a tedious Bill
of Property, fitted fo entirely to the People's Inte-
rest, and with fo little Regard to the Proprietary,
that it feem'd ftrange^how reafonable Men could, ,
without Confufioav offer it. And in another he dif-
courfes fcf it as a Projeft of the Speaker's to incor-
portte the whole Province, and take away near the
whole Power put of the Hands of the Proprietary and
Governor^ and lodge it in the People.

To which the Affembly reply 'd in the remarkable
Wijrds following j

* Aad as to what is faid concerning the Charter
c psqpar'd at the Proprietary's Departure, the
c Bratoghtfman has aflur'd us, that no Project or
c PlMtrns compriz'd ia that Charter but what was

* the Proprietary's Dire&ion, perus'd and corrected
4 by his Coufin Parmiter, before it was engrofs'd,

* and afterwards fign'd by himfelf: But whether the *

* Proprietary defign*d thereby to reverfe the, Method
**cf the Government according to an Englijb Con-

* imitation, and eftablifh a Republic in its Stead, or
c 4eave the People to ftruggle with the Queen's Go-
* y amorSy which he then expe&ed would be the

* Coofequence of the Bill then moving in Parliament

* agaioft Proprietary-Governments, the Duaughtfman

* xa&fioi tell : But he well remembers, that the Pro-

* prietary told him, That lie held himfelf oblig'd to
^3b what he could to confirm his Tenants in their
^Eancfeaiid Properties* and give them all the **

F * Powers

"*J $ . William Biles acquainted this Houfe, that Nathaniel Puckli
^kid* Letter from the Proprietary to be communicated to feveral
^ ribfls here ; encouraging them to hfift upon the Privileges of
Charter and Laws, and not tame)/ give them up *, *\A uv-

iW* ' ... 2.

<
c

$6 An Mifkmml R E V I&m, ,&w .

« Powers he cauld* ashe wkfcLoidaf thii.&igrftrff ,*
•and roach mere to thai EflSoft.' > m 2n it)//l 3

And aowi to fimfh q» the Head *f die ftoprefen-*
t&bn* whidh throws fo much Light iQcl the rftqft*
Foundation of this: Colony, wh#: it>erwand$ Mpaflcd J
m the Affenabty conccrnir>g it, Candour, require*"
fbould here be fobjoin'd. > i ) *

. 4 But what, fays ' Go*etnor Evans Y I rawft not
hfi fiicot id, is* ikzt he (the Proprietary) highly re*
knts thkt heinous Indignity and me ft fea*d»kro$
^ Treatmenrhc has. met with in the Letter* cHroScd

* not only to himfelf, but alft* to be fhewn to.fome

* other Peifcns diflkflfe&cd to him, in the Name of

* the Aflembly and People of this Province, of which

* I have formerly , dcmaiKkd: a C«>py* but was then

* deny'd it, under Pretence (when it was too tate)^hat

* itfhould be recalPd : If that Letter was the A£k of
■ 4 the People* .. ti uly reprefchmd^fce tbblcs fuch Pro*
4 ceedings are fufficient to cancel all Obligations^ of

* Care over them: Rut if done, by pattioukr; Per-
4 fons only, and 'tis an I mpoftuno in the Name cf the
4 whale* fee \ expeft* the Country will i ptav^ii tkcm*

* fcivea*. and take Care that due Satisfadion be given

« The Reader r wilt obferve that the Le^ttei&inat
-eomplain'd of as feandalotra becanfe of its\ Futfehaefi
feat bficmfkioiits: Freedom, in which icmuflt be^ ui^dcr-
ftoddcoofiftsifchc Indignity. , o r if ^qr

u ».-.:• ■' on '' ■ ' :•" > ; + ' .■'":• -:-yi'l 3fl? to *

- : And the A&mbly's Reply: Was asfdlQm^: q •

done by thk } Houfe, but being the Aft : x*^m' 3 thp
g : Name), of ' a Former, as ^e are hot' intitl^d to ihe

fenced what Advantage it has Been to the r People of tthokc-TJIand,
Contie&icut r and other Proprietary Governments; to kflfert their
Rights/' &c. Votes of JJfembly, for ^«/ 21 , 1704.

4 Affront,

J&i$n BvAifi, *£/%. Dep. Governor. 6y

g f A&ghft, if any £*> tieither are we concerned in an-
4 fwering it : Our Paitis orily to kment (as we^reaUy
c «B)Tt|iafc there Hifculti! be true Occafion for fuch fte-
pMen ration * or,' if 'tone, that it Ihould beoflfer^d -
>tfl^^urtProprietary^ whom we- both low and ho-
'iiiour^ and, therefore, we hope his Oblig&tiorts of

* Care over us and the Peopled thir Province by
c no ludii Means (hall be eancetrd.' " ^

?Thaa^€his Man's Government fhould be one can-
tioraxt Broil* from the Beginning of it to thfc End, is,
Proof iufEcient, that Mr. Penn left his Frame at leaft
ilia very imperfeft State.

Nop Mtve the People themfelvefc infenfible of it,
nor more backward to declare their Sentiments con-
ceiting it, thaa ©f the other Pans of his Con-
dock. .o^i » ? *-' r -. '* r

Evans*," for Example, having made ufc of the fol-
bwib^ Ciaufc in o«ne of his Papers to the Aflembly,

Xo^fitj^ildO f !;; |v; ^r, «. ' . x ■ *

"flT^jGw^n^j^t'his Arrival, found the People

* rjJofe&Mfiof arChacteri by Virtue of which the pre-

* lento Afftmbly ito^tfitsy containing tfie Frame oiGo-
^^vt^nHteMj3'ftttkd ; -fol((iivn}y > , as he Has teafon tobe-
€ lieve, between the Proprietary and the People, be-
*ocaajfe*by3the Subfcription, it- is faid to be thankfully
c . adDeptddr of iby the Aflembly then fitting, arid was

* HgnJcfcdnttcoDnly^ by the Proprietary, biic by the
c Speaker of the Aflembly, in the N&nt£ of all thofe

* of the Province (as it i^afKrm'd) who were then
c prefaitplfarid^aammbuff^ confenting, and is farther

• ~" "T.pqre ,was their Due, \t ought at
?ave^n,fix r d ancj fettl'd* the At
J^is'thf Gov v erpor is informed,
^jtayi^^rtilty 1 g^^crM and debated it.} or if any
*' Demands, wnich it is imagined might further have

^^M^P^^*ag«^ «b? Governor
^r«2*»rtd^^jkf>lHQperfor him to intermeddle or to

jtioiTi/i '

in.

6$ . [Jnl^oricat'RtVft:^ &ti ,

Vgottcern hiirifelf farther tha^ b^^rtue of thlf .Kffi^a-
V i^etcers Patent^ to the Proprietary^ and th&SP?o^
c prktarx'sCpm^i/Hon to hliii^with TWr /fitfSjffi^'s
VRoy^l AgprQbfti^q, to gpwrn aGcorcling Jl TO 3 xnat

^€h^t?r, : afld ^.}^^^^\^ ; ^ ^ *

'Xli Aflembly tlius repIyU L UiV '

"' » [A I .' 1 7

£-.»'. '

*.'; if the Governor cannot grant the juftT ahcS^ffea-
,' fbnable Demands of the People's RcprefetitafJVes
■ c . agreeable with an EngTijh ,^{]:abli(bmenr, ffteft is
\ Caufe to conclude, that the Proprietary is iiift^fulfy "'

' ( fr . ^eprefen tefl . here, And , however the ttHffc&rfyas
* received, y^t jtwa$ not with fuch XJrianitrtW^ is
*- alle4g'<C becavjfe diminutivjs of forhiei 1 } Pnv$fMes ;
•neither ^.jj? prepaid by" the^]^ufe r <ff'^OTefen-

, * • tati v$s* fcut dcwje, in £ratf IkaJle^—^ J T - ( } fl 3 } [

fi^ha| "are.^£atia| ' : ;tx):tlie\A3minifti'aribn tff^uf-

^c tj£fo i jar$ ag^e,ajble to an Ef^lyh Conftiitftiutf ; \ And

/lijfwft^avg^of.bpen in.Pbfl^

ifojW
' * r ;fl)ftUc^fy |iy, it is'^r^.^mc'^Wfer^m 5 ^^-
^ f /i)WfflWtpfi9jwr,)Riflhi;s ? V. ..,,,, ^ 7 ^y
■\o;iAp#^^Uy«fb£ faid Aflembly haying dfa^h fip^two
rfey^ J^njonfeainces to tlie Pfbpti^M rafting

the Particulars of their Grievances i< iarid^(^ftt)§ints
v #ga}aft the c j^)d , Governor, ir took, OctUtiM^Wmb } laft

<fcf < ri?eiji, ; ^ejd r J J/^ , m, i.7<ft7>» 'to' exWefe Ae^ilelves
v .4? fallows* ~ -J iiU fj:>i?1

■rrf-» '

,, ,f We, ;*!j|'the People' ,W/y.rfefertt, Jo B?ifi^ftilI
f, grieved: ao^ woteBed •'" with- the Kf al^Mffifera-

* The .governor had r'c Jeftca the Mt pr6p(#d ty tlfe r i«!embly
forcHabliihingCQurb of Juflic^, A^aod^had^oti^ft^aii Or*

dintLnct of his own* - < O? . ;. - A ; ) v.'j <

i . fr tion-

Joj£* Ei^Nf, ^, ? Dcp. Governor. 'Sg

^fwsrvrt %**$$& $ th y Dc p ut y» and the !11 Car -

c ,^e^re^ Xqjufticc ana arbitrary G£pr£fi5ons of fhy
4 evil Mmifters,:, wlio aliiifc the Powers given thee by
c the Crown, anld'w^uippofe liave too mucH pte-
' vail'd upon t^eto leave us hitherto without Re-

Miet " v ' n

von,

fn^MU: *he AfleiT^bly which fat here on the 26th of
tj^kjfsf^b Months 1 7P4 , agreed upon; certain H&ads-or
^^tt;T^i4ar$, which, accordihg to the Order cf that
'jjzy^ w£X£ drawn up in a Reprefentation, and w*s
* 4g& r A ty -tfa % ea k er > and ^ enC tk^e by a Paflenger
V)n f i5fw^ &^ s Brigantine, who was taken into
*. Jxgqce* ftpjn, ^whence the fame Reprefentat ion was
*,fidflwj f 4 XQ thy Hands; whereby thou art put in

* minrl nnnn wW Srntv»tiif» Pnrrhjrfer* anrl firfK AH-

c^and Expectations thou gave them and the
the 3 Settkri' and Inhabitants- of this Pro"-

f , ,psant? r and X&iteulonsi %$v the Hights and
JriFr^mffimml:' 1 But hotfthey-were -difim-
,.^^Mr| ^^^peds, ^ar^k ^rVby

,% ,$18 f f £&L KeDrfifeBfation, 'to whicK A we retdr*, and

„q -*»»« * » ■ w **t w*.*fj<«wtfl

c there zanvp

^S^^im%&\t!t % hot onty id Matters
npuun^ <fr Whiftaare hot yetTedrfcfsr'dj but

//fife H&sl^ffiS- *ty en on ^ tt P { ^ aswel^ as what have
™#fefl ^^^ahiidted, to the gffc V©us Oppreffioa

•on;

en ^Subjects* and puwib Scan&al ^>f tkia

^3vl^m5& ^^5 1 - uc l 1 <^ nGernc *> that */tH6tt conceived

« lucn JJir^eSuareas thou did againft- tKat AflemWy,

jj^ag^jMt m, all this Tirpe vouchfafe to lhew thy

• -a*& w £ ich *h: madc

« appear were amifs : Nor haft thou lhe wed thy par-
V J«^!» Pfej*^^^ which, with great

-<S G^t **&£&?&**$& t^n prepared, for confirm-

I ing thy Charters to this City and Country, refpeft-

Tmr.2*> *V

?6 *j& H&trkal'REFW&rPi&ti -\ *

'* mg both Privileges and Vr&p&ty; ^d »foir^pilhig "«
■* J ¥he Affirmation fnftead of O&hs: Bi^bfc tfeeaGth&r ««

4 Hand, we found, to 'our - gtitetr*' Difappffetairita^ c

^ that thou gal^e Credit to wrting lafi#uati{to$&g£inft 5
; *-'the/n; : as appears by thy Letter f«^^W*,

< datted the twenty -fixth of the twelfth <Moittlty'4pa£dj 9 •
' ' wherein tttou treated fome Patticulats very trnfrferitt- :
\ c ; ly, 4nd without any juft Grounds blam*d thdrPib- •

^ £ie*s Rtprbfeii^tives, who, we perceive fey their

* Proceedings, were ready tofuppott the Goverttcneiit
'^'iipder./Jy Adminiftration, and deflred nothing but

* to have their juft Rights, Privileges* and Properties

* Confirmed, the Judicatories regularly ettabliifted, <
'* the Magiftracy fupplied with Men of V4rtue>arid <

4 Probity, and the whole CoBftitucion fo frdmd, jthat
€ the People called Quakers might have a-«a*wr^with
, * other Chriftian People ' in the ©overn m?ent, ^Aivkich
c thou always gave them an E^^ttdti^^rfcj^iiid
4 which they 'jttftly claim as a Point kyf* Rigte,<iiot
€ for the Sake of Honour, bUtfor theiU^pr^Bi4giof

■• : ViCC, r, &C. f!:i ' ; ; '«' >< ' '••" •■■-■'. -,n»: oft

To Wade thro' the whole df this ProvirMtiiaKJoh-
troveriy, which, at feveral R£p*ifels, 'Ufo&iifcGotk-

h ^asYuperiededirt th« Year 17*7, and^repia&fcdkby
#///ww *]$//*, Efq- (afterward Sir William Ktkb,
Bart.) Would' be a Talk of^gfe&t Pfottxity, *ntf w*hat
confequently might prove as tedious ttttbelteaKtef as

'laborious to 1 the: Writer. '■' ?'•■'• ■■ n '*.?. .7 n'?o8

{ Enough has been recited , to 1ht w ^pc^i^hatri^fwns
Mr.'P#7# was firft followed fey Ms El&ok, ^l^RJnd
of Patriarch, to Penfyhania ; asalfo* whas BaHorfc^in

1 his" Conddft towards them v^efe ^tiipkin^d^bf by
them : Arid as to the Gonduft 6$ tktnftvettf A*fttn-

1 biieS, which, in the fevrt-al Pe?*fcds ; af Ate IfitferVal,
maintained this Coritroverfy, a ! ter£ Rerb&fr&j t\kit
Proceedings is in general fuffidtfct for • thfeirjuftifica-

tion. ' : :) ' " if '- ^ '< Vl-OJ v-.,-;-:

Men they were : Paflions and f nte*elhi«hef ^cfertfe-
guently had: And, if thfy were foiiieutfie* carried

away

Cn44V.?fxQoQiMK* $fa- Deffc Governor. 71

£> iJittertPQ v ft$ Jby <*twn , it U ob v jous the Paf-
$3 dud ijtftteftjSr^jfi ethers worked up the Fenueat
*ia*<A;i?€M€f r^lw^dpo^thc Jaft, < -

i^rp^iie^.ws^f^j^igid Pcsrfornjanjce of Condition*
k^ojbeiBicpcfl^^f Government, and feldora can
**3bed (*6m ifowTBwt then if the k Reprefcatathre
1 ii$ j^ot cwaciow, alruoft to a Fault,, of the
hts and Claims of the People, they will in a
irfe <rf Time Jofe their very Pretenfiens to

gite&ft Logo** the Proprietary's Minifies iiaod

<a Record, ftill unanfwer'd, Thirteen Articles of

il-rerfatwi, by way of Impeachment* which the

WBroof (Eva^s) found means to evade, againft the

carted Offers of the Affembly to produce their Wit-

ucifirs dnd fatten their Proofs upoo him. ■ And &*

gjaioftthe Goveroor himfclf, wpreivc in the Shape of

, iiernonftranocv whfich argue him loofe in Principle,

< ecbitar^ryi isbDiJpofitfloa, and fcandalous in his private

l4^»d P*P wtmentk

So unpopular was he, that an unanimous Vote of

Thanks to the Proprietary waspaffed on his being re •

:mdV«4 rfAm&fc.htfoiK his Face, for he was ftill a Re-

(kfeWjalwi>Rgfti/themti And #s.lic had been Log®?*

* Sk-wi^ >4bfbis Succefibr, Gepkin^ was little better than
■J^^^ T TwL;f^^The«firil had the Name, .the latter

zzfhz #0*^/3 and by the Help of the Council, fpurred

- £ H#l« oft* )& win'd him in, as he pleated*

Both were necefikous, con fequently craving aliHc;

2riHO<!thwriligfiw^h ^afcfider'd himteif ii'ftand the* Pro-

brfSietaiy r riwt*i hftd iktle Conficlsration left for $he

ni £fQJtt8*I and nopei at aj I for the People.

Xd idfbfiwrt^fUdMcirtur/d to aft in m^ny Refpe<^s as if
rri&ere teaa<nftit$rtr Gharter npr Affembjy* or, rather, as

f i£«fubfll Wlb *uth6ri»Q4 by hi&Commtffioo to do what

ndte pki&dH Qofltempt of both, (as appears by his

^l*W|ry t JKfmiiriqin ( Qf : pne Affembly, merely becaufe

they could not be brought to obey his Didlature)

: 5iQvb^iafi)lte]mn£Minidei and at.the lnftan.ee of Lo-

b?gM» dtec&redh Jnoiher AJfembly tu be no Affembly,

yswj& F 4 fctvd

fi An H^ual^R E V I E f^ ^cuy n W ^

and refus'd to hpld any further Corf efpan^o^P Mtihr,
them: And yet when he wa*oi*ehe Poitu ofybcing^
recalled, he was both mean enough and def^$&t££-
npugfc to icowy^ne the ^fl^l^^\fMpofel^ieitaaftfl^
them t£iV lacpnip proposition, -viz*- " Tha& fofrfttecB
little Tune j^. Jiad to ftay , i he was ready «> db/ the -
Cpiinitr.y &U the, Service lis could *— —And*h*t thcy^
might ibk ,$&$.&* Cowers* in cafe they would inrlom©'
Meafure provide for his going back to feek aivHhtr
Employment" Of which, however, they made/tfo
other Uie than to gratify him with a prefect of
200 1. ■' :* -.'■>

L&ftly, that the Reader may have a general Idea
of thofe Afiembltes, reprefented in proprietary. Lan-
guage as fo refra&ory and turbulent, fo pragmatical
and afiuming, let him accept of a Pafiage ou* ofc oae
of their own Papers to Governor, £kMKs>itiy&i<&*hW?
thus characterize themfelves. ' And tho* we are mean

* Men, and reprefcnt a poor, Cplpny, yet fc& iwtfare

* the immediate Grantees pf,Qp^%wcho|^8 kg*f>

* lative Authority of this Provide, (tybifk wetfmld •
6 /raw. /£ pur Ppfi&ity ^ a$free f a^} it wa^^aifHi) Jfmf'
t ought to have been, apd do expeft to be mwert*v*Uy *

* treated by: biai that claims the pfcher BrafitcJh <e£ ? &&
4 fame Authority, and under *he, f^eidrpyai/^G«^nt^t
, € and has his Support from ua **ad the, People; t we> ;re*

* prefent.' .-.-.; :<>/-, :..-,-f \ <:; : ; "r no?iolV ;

It is by- this Time apparent enough* that tho'tthe
proprietary and fopular/lnfierefts Spring frpm one^Htd*
the fame Squrqe, they divide as^they dsfcend J^Jcfeptb
every prpgqietary Governor, fqr thi* Reafon* i . h&*>BW0l
Matters j on£ who gives him his, Commiflipp, a*^!on^
who gives him his Pay : That he is on his goft^Sfeham
vioiir to bpth : 7 Xhatif ,hedpes; not. f ujftl.wi^h iRligfctir
every / proprietary Command, howe^erVr^JM^^^Gft
the Province* or offeofiyeaor she Aflfombly, ..-.<ke, js/nc*-?
caird : That if he does -no? gratify , thei Afftt^ffixhA
what they think they have a right to claim, iheww^
tain to live in perpetual Broils, tho' uncertain whether.^
he fhali be enabled to live at all. And that, upon the

whole*

Sir Will*£& -1$EJti* 9 Sort. Dtp. Governor. 5-5
uttlf, awlfcn6tS«MMdr- ( iij^on fUcfi Terms, is to ke

-StaWlft^IKi!^ be'ighof ant of thhr:*

A^c*wd^Ql«Wreve¥' : he' : Wa# Inffitefted -fiet* d£ :
HMbtpfcidktf ty lite Principal or the USti&4 of Trade?, 1
rtfftlv^d to g§v€rn 7 4Srrrfelf when? lie ^itti ttptkxtti 1
Sfo6j by the governing Fntereft th*re;~^-S6 thkfchft J
AdwfeM&tfoff wa3 wholly different ^rbiti that'oFRis,"

^WittiEs paiticufer an Eye to his own partfcqTariE-
mtflirtfccnt he did indeed make his firft Addrefe totfie
-Aflembly. — But then all he faid was in popular Lan-
gra^.u^He did not fo m&ch as name thi Proprietary :
And Ms Hin» Wire fuch as could not %e mifunder-
ittod^thftlfl cafe ttey would pay hiill well, he would

^ife dM^bty;^ the otfier Hand, fc*d Senfe enough
tcrdifoe^ t^at thi^ Was all which could be required
o£"tf M*h Wh»tlada Fdrtily to maitftiih ^ith'fbme De-
grfce#f S{tte^<l^lffi$#R6 was ho richer than Plantation
Gowmwft^f^iry^rel^^Irf (hortV they beKcved r ih
hittf, ? oirtt^Kber#tfeh&n; ahd^the RetuVnshe ahnuaMy
ifiti&fdim<*&i <fiii&fel* \6 the Goflffdenfitethey £lac*d
irt>rftife,-ci^d^^^^|ft*r<)pbrati6n of one Maf-
trf^8prfc^k^|)t-«hfe #hfoli>Machine df Gtivefhrnent,
fom <mMmM&®eb&& 6f Tf^e/ih a^iHofe fc6Snffiftrtt
Motion than it had ever known before.

»Of (*ft ^tkia^'Cem^rirsl^rtdpirocal Intertft is the
lttwi^:ni*fitfethe,Sub)e<ai^ M^nef % hever To Well
dJ^fed bsftitoP to 1 the Maintenance 6^ Order and
TfriflcjeHityioteft# the 'Purchafe of ^ofod* LiWfe:; for
iMtiP¥tli&fc&m*&s Adltiihfft^ori WaTdefcfvedljr
mristihktogwl™*^ "*'■' { '- ! £1< <■"--'- ■■■"■•■

n«§^ripto£n&iif ^^Bif^^fure^hbwe^r, by the

I^ertttt^W^dmYfifi^erO^I,^* the pBprietarySe-

crm»,3|kGi^i^kgg#aVdt^dby 'tome NegWfts W !

Mift^^^hl^o^W^^e^fUnk atlaft*, after what

MimiSs-^it ^ffla^lidt bfe?S!tb|cther antifeful to inti-
•fnflffcpriw ni^moru on; . :<:-:n ■ * o;

• srb noqtr f iiA.} b^' . )■"* 2 - v '-. -••' :> ->-' '

Mai* > M^ViWv

s?

\* \.S

74 AnHifitricalRRVxI&Wt&tiJ

Wh$n Mr. Pern died iq thp-Xiew i7iS v |^iJef|^i
Hold of the Province (whicJvAVftf Wfify e ^flj^$l t
by a, Mortgage pa one hapd^nd by; a Tfispsf^fj /pf
it to the Cr^^for i^poa/. .q^hi^h ^ fr§4 ^$M*^
ZQQqL .ori the other) in the. JH^nd^ of, X f4 $ ees >
pam?ly* h^s Widow, H^nry g^n^J^JhH^^f,^
bis all-fqfficieii^Sep'e^y fy&M-r # - - ninr

The , Difficulties thus refting in bis Fam$yo|$ejre
very well known in the Province ; not with ftandii^g
which the Inhabitants, fatisfy'd with their Governor,
perfevered in all Duties to them , not feem'd^to en-
tertain a, Thought to their Difadvantage,

Logan and his Creatures were the only M^Jpqoiuep ts.
And why they were fo will be made fufficiei^ly pb-
vious. The Governor and Affernbly in Coi^qarn^nce,
could govern the Province without his Participation;
fo he remained without Importance to ekhe^ ciU^ this
Share of the Truft enabled hijn to interpofft #$4 *9*
titled him jtobp beard, ^t *ha pxpqnce. pf bft$# ir H

In the fcqpnfl Year after . - .^f^^'s * . Af r ij^ji : J^!Sff#*
had divided ^is Council ^gainil him, and c^$^c#ff
a Majority $ and ever afte^ h#d r^pi^fe&te^fr^jin^s
Ptfpatches^ a£ having fubftitu^d his o\^n ; ][.flt^(lin
the Plaqe of the ^Proprietary 9 ** and confederated^ with
the Affembiy to make both Branches of the > l H 4}gi$a-
,ture .qqufil ly Cubfcr vient to . pej^tfar Pi^rppfes.

$ubtl^, . how^M^r, as he ^a^jaqd pr^<?U!fe4^iP(^
the Arts of political Difguife, r he cqMld ^ot^flgt con-
ceal .hin^lfj.fjfoiiQ the Penptratiojn o^,^/^^*T^s
paying been dei^a^d (as Keith %$,*) j# ^ggJW^jgg,
and ,'eyej* jal^rir^ certain Minute&x)/ the Q9W$#4>X0-
ceedings fprj t^ ^rppies^fflce^

Confidence of . proprietary Pro;p^iqp^^e(^^ff&feW-
felf .thefe^^ $he

Governor 9 the latter difmiffed him from J^,|fjQ$,' ps
Secrefary,, and, ^ubftjt^tcd ?n®th£f ii^lws^l^c^i
¥ . "With thia, and a Vanity $f othjer.C^jji^laHijts^all
.of the fame Tendency ^

age to England* foon af t:er hpjbecatpe aTrufte^^d
there made his pourtfo effe<%ally fo^

'Governor Keitb\ Let;er to ihe YA&ow Penn, Sefct. i^ 1724.

Sir WitLiitt Kei+h* Bart. Dep. Governor. 75

*¥h*NK¥jr fiWgRtedWini'b^ck with Letters of Repj-oof,

-*»a>^#i*^ftMtfWta to'jpr/*, not ortly to re-inftate

^^ftm^itt Efk&; ii iv l bt governed by him, as im-

*fH8«¥ ^Gtimhid l Been governed before.

*^AhVA, dti riW^^Hand, being a Man of too

^¥H«c^ ; S^ttoftibtti*tto ; fuch Treatment, and pre-

fuming befide, that his Services to arid Intereft in the

<2dk>ty, ,u and his Coane&ions with the moft confider-

i^'MfciHn it, would uphold him againft all Oppo-

fkfofr WHatlbever, communicated all to the Afiem-

Wy^ogefher with his own Anfwers : And this he

thought was the more incumbent on him, becaufe

LSganhtd Already been making his Efforts to ftir up

^Pai¥f ^aidft hini.

} r Ik^^ K \ipon tWis^ commences Advocate in Form
for^Ptapirimry Intereft ; prefents a written Plea
ori ks'Bcftfklf to the "Affembly, juftifying therein all
th^fbeftri&ic^slaidon the Governor by thofe In-
ftruflAbni, (which 'tfifl bein the next Sefliontxplain*d)
-attd^wiitther^by Charted ttf Defign, it is hard to pro-
*^lW^^i^ed ; the &cret of the Quarrel to efcape,
^kOmkWg^ 1 t^mt the Proprietary, during his Ab-
'feric^id'rttot received cne Ptntty either to himfelf 6r •
hH PatfnJIjr from thb Government, wheieas others had
t&&±& Urge Sums. s

The Alfl^nbly^howei'ef, not being in a Humotir
: - t to ( ^y'tt^<WvertnTentfSubfid!es ■inftead'-of one, when
^iSp^d^tHe original Article of [ ^pt- Rents frbm
'^^©b^*ioh 6f "paying hny, did riot fo muth as
.Sfl^Waftfe W this Pbint : But oh the contrary, clof-
"1J^-W*th^yr<5fovefnor, defired his Concurrence with
^rfH/^HtfifiSfed ihdr Cbhcurrendeto him, in with-
-Qhlk8^W^&Wvt&s\hxhc faid Inftrudions contain-
»& k&i^ni^kh6r(Shmtr y OT incotififtent with their

TO^v^# M&felf Wfe became an Advocate
l^*fSte Ic Wftrli**i :c kite tiid before the Affembly a

"#¥ftt«n )[ ©tfeii^ of the Ccmftitution thereof, as well
%o#^te*lirf Ptbpritiafy'* -Lharafter, in- Anfwer to
• ^^^eh^rtldlVihd the Seffion was concluded

Mr/ >r- - M ■"■ vwoft.

> i .»

•moft trlbrtlpfkhtty 6n ths<5&^r*w»*s ^S&ie jnEbntlrr
Houfe not cmlfy agreed ; to ^ aftimbrlftfacocejInfAirfwei:
to the Widbvt Penn's £*W£A?3tfftru^0m, as ite^iwferc
called •, bat tti&eover 'gtatifie$ hittt for his ernnnwdQ
©fry Services with a ThotiforidPouflcUr; ? ^ v^no^ bl

ThpCoWfovefry continued Iriot^mbftaftda^pJand
fcoth Parties beftfrtred thenrtfel veS equally in J ofedbiuo
inalce' fVdFd yi&r> Lbgan feemsd j fflbfe fatffcbtecthaii
before, birt'ii^^er was moire confident: JC&flWiiera
v/asfc> muchih Pain for his own Stability, andypt^n^
ver ftem^d to Hkve lefs Apprefoeftfions, I»Prt^ofor-
tion, however, as it became mope and more probable,
that he would be laid afide, fee became lefoatodvlefs
confidered •, and a Breach between, him and the Speaker
Lloyd fo often mentioned, &nd who had, even ihij?rrat,
-afted the Part of a Second to* hkti^ became ds>fettahtt>
him as it was fortunate to Lo^aft. * ; : c t?. ^tow

When 'tKe'-WeXt'Affeft^ty'i^w^^k'-fiaojii ap^e^eS,
that though 7 the Governor ; trfed Hie $rae^tPatririt>
■Language to it; he had not t$te 4^e Afceatteofc^ o<yer
it. Two 'fWe'ffl 'Negariv^f^rei^t^!iipbait«fr¥fe.
veral MatftffrfV to' furhi-Si 'bi«f*tW £r# wkta tfotiQ&sthe
ftebhtf v "W"i<h r> ^fa^ ? --towar(fe^ll& Soppteffc' $fcqiwarfc
^haii 4do7r cbuH be obtainfedc* ^ Aftd4^i$<jtv^hftkiidbig
&T1 Ehgifies and air Devices ivk^emplo^ed, to farther
CcMttp^fattf>n v *ould bt procured for tvim. roa^niti: -f

It is equally the Lot of this Nation to be moreijaae-
xnoiui thkW vlftd&bs, taore ^tfeia$id ^than Abifeftfent,
lariA, to atibtirift t&ore in Folte&iahs>tfaatt: J^Httfeqcfhe**.
j&//& had Wiqte^^

^ttpd^uok; * tW 4te was neif \m mwuf etobrehDOe-
gree. A 1 IPcflltlcian would not Itaws'farniflieiJ biajaQ-
Verfartes^yfth-^^fea' td excufe>hts KeiiiavHipibpTO&-
^-munieatifcg^^taite Pap^ctoi^^pjpjrfal' AjfftraWy.
A Philofophec, governed by Principle, and Proof a-
gainftPa^dh; 1 would : h6t "Ra^^fiiEW iVthe^iPeftfref- of
• any Iflue whatfoever^: And If fte Aflej4^p^be^i
Capable of Confifteacy, ^they Avp$d •Kave^fet ^J^fe;e
fiti hisDifmrffii)^ by^ accedipanying^it with aH the
.jDpuceurj in *he Power of the Province to .have heaped

upon

" Sir Wii&rAtt R«i»H*2fer/. Dep. Governor. 77

3ffondffm, r> fctet rffcbffi <G§ Vtrnors , might have thought
ir wprfh rthcic tffcMJe <f&j pft>eoed pn his £l;*n . r
e inikttti af wbktK i^Jtb^ iirft Intelligence, of a new
Gbwmor* ^ which w*S aj$ ; £$rjefully mp^toil ,, to /^#«r r
as concealed frtimui^yhthty.*^
ftnatQ^bBiJtiticfc(<9f fthei Province j^od ^hen up-
braidbeb by< Jif#>& wiekv this -Backward £, $nd, nop
mttoi&fomfc -Mijft^rpf Indignatioiv, .required to*
givortte ; l?SibUo a Tdfcitnoaial of his AdnwMfftration^
AcyjffrteecdcdriinJit^astf rather conijtraif)cd< th^n in-
dined: i 1 and at Mft took Care to fay as little as pofii-
UiEji ifboq they had Room to fay fo much.

Ui&iQtt, after a nine Years Adminiftratron, un-
nribaifraflid with any one Breach between the Govern
noMfcuii Afifembly ; and, as acknowledged by the lat-
ter^ ptfodu&ive of m«$hpofitive Good to the Pro-
vince, they parted with reciprocal Coldnefs if nor
Bi%B$?p &&&> di# wiling to* folio*? fiookin 9 ? Exani-
pteiia^aegiTiBg^Beftev^len^e v and thfy not having
€co%fcri^tireno8gfc Mt for him to off^ it-
-3^Ttt«fi^in(X3RfarHi4wg)W muph cppyerf^W in thi*

nbe^o*n\{faf $ *W\tih&h !itf* of?? 1 ? foWv hirafeJf m
{Sooiparfy with; the aJ&acfesof deparuiQ n G9vernprsV
*to6irfflf totM- 1*^ their Livesy

fcriiiof criiehagohizing Rernembr anqe pf their p*fied
Eminence, arid aw ^fehSccUafto^ p^ M p^fent Neg-
k^aiom 3d 0.1 tv.v.:t. T S ,>.';'? , -,•■, > J ■.[* Aliwy.^ ,; -;
. r tnttlMBiSMWi^^nUpoA-'lu9 *.JRpti}^ ^s 7 a4<ied
tolfhp)ahft>hucme Lift ; <^ nee rning, wj^oin the leaft
srflatncaiBbtifaid^ ia* lhat ekher nqnc; b^t i\%> . q£ For-
tfiijerflrdaid fecappoin^d to fcrve 4f? ? fi^*4>gw^ c< J
6iHieirffe3f6rniollwiwifeiTthatri >fpr r^R/JI^nou^ of
Gow^rinjteUDhfelft >ftloh ^s>are .. rjeqa^d^^jchqpt any
Hkitaiife/s -Jriiput^tio^ioft) their Qqi^\i^ r ^^ld bo

r O fjW^ayfifv^fj^ <}ifjrface<U

Amd*ifedncedjbvc &&cfeatmen£s,. condescended to. act a Part nei-

nifelf tb Be retiirneid as an
Meaforei ia hisPoWer to divide

I ixoc*/ ^^

kJL^i— .-.

5*8 An Hijimcal R EV1&W tfitbe-

prefaced from that Wtefchedneft amta Camcmp$>
which they have been but too frequently ^mmBtd(^M
fall into* for want even of a proper Sabfiftefl^et>n/ :i

The Reader 13 defired to pardon this Digreffioft* ife
i t i& one. It was neceffary tQ< flip w^ tha t the Proymoc
of Penfyh&ni*> when well governed, is eafily governs
ed ,•; And that tthich ever Branch of the Legi(^tti*re~
iaSajcoes the proprietary, Jealoufy,. or interferes' widv
the Proprietary Infcereft, the Refblt is the feme : The
obnoxious Affembly is reprimanded and vilify'd, and
as before obferved, the obnoxious Governor is* re-
called.

So that, unlefs the Province ftoops to fee loaded
with a triple Tier of Subfidies ; namely, one for the.
public Service; ordinary and extraordinary^ one for
the Governor's annual Appointments, and one for
the. Gratification of the Proprietaries and their CFea^
tures, it feems reafonabie to conclude it is neVci* w
enjoy any eftabltflied State p£ Tranquility; -

And now, in Addition ta the Points x>f proprietary-
Incroachmntf ami proprietary -RdenemedD already
mentioned** we are naturally k^ to fuch other Points
of ConttjOyerfy, ^as at varioxiiTimei have arifei* for
vfmt of fuffieient Forefight and fufficienc Preventives ;
afjd.of , which ley eral are unhappily k> Agitatioiiiat
this v^ry. Day, >*i .^>xria> 4

It carinot hut he recoltefltod* that Mr* Ptorti Jnnhis
Difcourfe with his joint Adwenrufrecs coocettfuiig! /te-
fervM Rents, for the Support of Ga*wyn»^^riiade
a remarkable; Diilindian between hie twovCapicirie^
of Proprietary and Governs rrA^iima^laiKe^i^ik
well as frotto the Nature of the Trufl^i it )mttftoo^idw
oufly follow^ rthat when he wkbdTewuhimfel^^tso^lEwjd
land, and transferred the Government to B&Dejftw
ties, thofe Deputies could not bcit be paflitffediofi ^11
the Powers originally veiled, b£ the CuowB,oin JiiiKR
Adroit as he was at Rfcfiaemeiat^ he coiridb nofdblby
his 1 rufb as he did by his Land v—w icbho Ida Rdfervc
pf Power, and, like the drunken Sailors in the* Bi ay,

6 ap-

Gofef^utiort, -&c- of Penfylvanla. 79

ipomkia y ice^Rof f and reeam a Power to be Vice*

Andjyfltievcn Mr* {P&pi hioafclf, in his Commiflion
t4r ,&?<&**:. ft! Man* a* rwe have feen 4 determined
enough i tt> pu(h any proprietary, and defeat any po^
pd^l^ointlwhatfcjcfrerf could venture 10 (lip the fol-
lowing Cteufe into his Gommiffion, ¥owt; 4 Sav-
4 ing .always to me and my Heirs, our final Afftnt to
c all fuch Bills as thou fltait pafs iac* Laws in the
4 fai4 Government, tf*.'

The Aflembly, however, to whom this Commit

fion was communicated, were (hrewd enough to ftarc

the following Doubt upon it, and to fend it by Way

of Meflage to the Council, fo wit y 4 Whether the

4 iaid Vote is void in itfelf, and does not vacate the

4 reft of the faid Commiffion, or render it invalid ?•

—f-And the Council, with the Proprietary's eldeft Son

art he Htad, and Secretary Logan at the Rear of it,

were fo ftartted at it, that, in order to evade the la ft

Inference, they found themfelves under a Neceflity to

return the fdfowing AnFwer.

/•^-iVfe of the Council* whofe Names are hereunt6

c vfubftrrhedi ak-e of Opinion, that the faid Saving is

* noi&imitfoffz And that thofe Bills which the preterit

c Lieutenant- Governor fhaii think fit to pafs into

4 .Laws,* and caufethe Proprietary's great Seal to bfc

4 affixed thereunto, cannot afterwards be vacated 6t

4 :i rinnujied by the Proprietary withouc Aficntof the

4 Affisaooblyjof this Province.'

.sbtttjeatoBwac of Practice to anfwei* the fame Pur-
pefe tityit Jva* foend out, was to impofc certain Con-
dkkmsiof Gowerfiment on the Deputy, under the Pe-
nalty oft larceitaili Sum. This was firftfubmicted to
bfxKrit&lldndi hattbeeinra Rule to- aH his Succefibr?-,
witfD'this'Di&rDiMC, thac whereas the Penalty exad-
<jd: ftortrjhwr was btat iooo/. SterL it has been fince
ntfrdnio t 9yoi! ijorio L

/riI6 fever the Cafe of this Cdony (hould come be-
fore tPifrliiinmt, . which is not altogether improbable,
HoDcaibt thofit Condilions. will be called for: And

.., ■ ■ - if

I

tt> jinllifi^kdRE.VJEWcf.tbe

U they fhould' then be found it i*ec<s^leablfe with the
Charter, and a Check upon the LegiflariWy altoge-
ther uncortftitutional and illegal, die Wiftiom of cht
Nation will, no doubt, prondtince up5n fuchv^Trrf*
pafs according to the Heinoufnefs of ,it< - it">^
t Again: The Widow PewL, in her private lttfkhic~
lions to Sir WilliamKeiib^ having admitted and t^nf-
Jained, that; thie Powers of Legislature wetfe lodged
n die Governor arid Afiembly without fo much a£ a
Negative Teferved to the Proprietary when abfeflt,' pro-
ceeds to avow, that it was never intended [by the Pro*
prietary muft be underftood] the faid Governor and
Afiembly (hould have the Exercife of thefe Powers^
gs alfo to pronounce it a dangerous Invention of Keith's
to enaft Laws in Conjunction with the Afiembly, and
tranfmit them dire&ly to the King's Minifters with-
out any other Check : And then, after thus arrogant-
ly interpofing between the King and his Ldegtesm this
Province, clenches the whole with the foitowingJn*
jun&ion. 4 Therefore, for Remedy of this Grie*
4 vance, it is required, that thou advife with the

* Council, upon every Meeting or Adjournment of
« the Afiembly which requires any Deliberation wt
c the Governor's Part : That thou tmake sio Speech,

* nor fend any written Meffage to the Affembly, but
c what fhall be firft approved in Cciuncili that thou

* receive 0.11 Mefiages from them in Council, if prac-
c ' ticable at the Time; and fliail ; femrad do JKto ttf
c the Houfe, without the Advice of the Council ;
< nor pafs any whatfcever into a Law witbout^the

* Content of a Majority of that Board, -"fifrit 4 ^ y<*
What, therefore, the Governor's Bond , hftl^Mtf

been fufficiem to obtain* this new Expedient wasmw
extort/ If t&eGovemor would not aft as recpitfedV'
he was thus to be difabled from asking at aW: An#
after fo many various Frames of Government had
been granted and regranted, Proprietary WiiLJfod
Pleafure was to be the lafi: JReibft of alL . - ^ m
In vain both Governor and; Affembiy freely a»d
fully ren>onftraced * againfl fuch. an Inoovacioo^ in a

Go-

r

fi^vrfin^r^to&pppfedto be guarded by Charter ag^in ft
i^^lftlojwJfjtfS^hfetfoetrer ; mord specially fuch ai
«tK^#Qilbtti^fifl3Wvt>ifith the Eights of the People
ti«TQ^Wialrcady veiled in the Coventor, or,tht

- di&%4* dlfcovefed the Aflfembty Wfcre riot authorized
!&£&&{&> ZQadvifei tbo? they weretoenadtj becauf*
l^fl^rA-j^fefe^ was not to befoynd ifuThat loft gi*
Vcjft t^,diem : Thfrt GotfernoVs Vvtre not to/be trufted
te*^;mrijpuc Advice ; confeqaentl? the faid Expe*
diefCt t& bridle them was a good one ; and if we
*my fudge by Events, his Sophiftry has given the
L*wr*vtr fince.

From what has been thus far fecited, it is obvious*
ife&t J&Kc Proprietary of Penfilvania was of too little
Consideration here at Home, to be of much Ufe to
the Eomnce either as a Prote&or or Advocate. And
y«ti>*t h? wis 4b&eh much above the Level of his
ftrtc^en and Tenants^ that,, even in their legiflative
G^^^day <:oafedefated with their Governor, they
i*oi*ld<$fcDdfy maintain theif Rights they were fo many
Way^imitled to, againft tbfe Artifices and Encroach*
fttemsaaF 4#s -Eftiiflaries.
r &%^tmidt 1&e fiw/kthe Light he is ne*t to be

cwfidciiediiav, c.

; 3Hie^Ch^teJr Mf. Pentt obtained of the Oowtt*
coB^rthmded^iar greater Extent of Territory* than
k«c&*^btfk to take up of the Indians at .his foil

^Alribctert ktlte very Infancy of his Colony, it wa9
by Aft of JBGfetnbl^iiiccmfkierately, beCaufeuncondi*
lim ijgtlptovided, that in Cafe any Perfonflipuld pre-
ivntarto faajhLaad of the Natives within the Limits
fat h qj& tav ince > &{r. without LcaVe firft obtained
iMfc-nte Proprietary, xhz Bargain and Purchafe fo
4«^q Aoiild- be> void.

**fcdW#ed thus the only Ptitch&fer, he reckoned he
thtght always accommodate himfelf at the Indian MaN
tyfoftffthe femcr Terrrts with what Quantity of Land
JE iph^ ft &V -and till the Stock in Hand, or fuch Parrs

$ * A% Hifitrkal R E VI E W of jhe

fef it as he thought fit to difpofe of* were in a fair
Way 0f4>eiBg fold off* he did not tftink itfoiHfcilJtln-
jtDlincumficr btmfclf with more. ■■■ - •< 1 no

t> nTbte 'happened* fooner than; he Torefaw; tKb r %
vnuft he acknowledged the FoWncldFs of few Git$e&
appear to have had more Forefight than he. f ' ' The
Growth of ins Colony exceeded his moft ft^^lric
^Eipedations •, and, when fucceffiVe new Purchdfes
cajjpe to be made* ap Inconvenience by Degrees be-
came mamffcflv wilich, perhaps, had not been thought
of before* or if thought of, had not been guarded
againft. .

Men who want a prefent Convenience muft not be
oyer- felicitous about future Contingencies ; and^ in
general, we chufe to be blind to fuch Qbftacles as we
:ar we have not Strength enough to remove:— He
that is too much a Hue kite r often lofes a Bargain; as
he that is too little fa, often purchafes a Law-Suit.

It wa& no hard Matter to induce a Belief, th&toc-
cafional Treaties with the Indians y uniier the!; Pre*
tence of keeping up the fami brothbly ^* Corl*(pbndr
etlcc which i had been at fitft ^£blifhed ' 'wftht then*,
were a neceffary Meafure of Gkmtnment -%} ri&Fto
ipnraail .withn the Province, while this Wis^iihdef-
ftood the fole Confideration, to bear the Expertise of
ijhem.^i- -^ • /*!v ! *<. * ■aw:^* •:■ > . ^ j--

jBufyiKhejy/k appeared, as 4a Coutfeof : -TSfttf ! fci$

waveidafrle, j chlat » a Treaty and\ a Purchafe Went bn

itogbthec \ tbat ^tfce forrilef was a Shoeing^^iWrn-- iRir

lt!lwl«ttei?i ^hat.ihe Governor only Made *h£Cofti-

pliments, and the Aflembly *)*e &r6fck$^&t. * 4t

, wwid not) bb b appear al fo, that * tfierfc jiiuftwfftnc^

5rthat> unWrUn^Procedwec ^here-one f3& ^IPtHe

^Ciofl^ aheb^d^ odber ingrefied\^li thfe Pft>8*^a!L^i

that jti wak high Time to pur fdihef^top^cS SR^aSc

ffifciajuriobsto thfeir UndMb^kigS; H ;jl ^wif>rno

? - Ifc is! jack imfted titce£htry>'m p*ivat£ 4iSfe $$ Birf-

gain,; that JtBofe .who puidkafe for -tfoeir ^wi^Ofe^ami

Advir«age^'fliould pay the 3*Hc£ WAV ^«bfcir : bwti

JP^^etsj hut in public it* ifrvi. m hv.«; n ^ • • -

£ >'?' O ' Perfbns

CbnftkufiorK &c. of Penfyl vania. . ,, S*

- -I^^l^j^ho Jbn4,o^th€ fartic Groppd/rtiH icXSt
on the fame Rights. .And it is Matter of Wonda\
ffrtteHh any/ cow viPawfyr j^fcfco? era Fbtfyv { qr . Infofihce
•^gRggHvtQ demai)d nw>^tpeft Any fttenEiniiieBce outr

f$^ -Other*; .->. * I j u!^:i»?o ' < . ■. '.'" "i <• - J"'.s

snuW&ore* 8 JPrapgatlite admits of no Equality * and
^TSt-^ppofes^ that Difference of Place <ahws .the Ufc
^fj La&guage, and even the tery Naware of Things*)
r ; |^?nce, though Protection is the Realbn, and,
ccmfequently, (hould be the End df Gowrirriens,
we ought to be as much upon our Guard againftttUr
£r$He£tdr3 as againft our Enemies, x

Power,, like Water, is ever working its own Way ;
wherever it can find or make an Opening, is
^ogfther aa prone to overflow whatever is fubjeft

. AjKtfchol Mafl$r of Right overlooked* niay be re-
JG^ifl^d fRdb^fiwnxxi at *ay Time* it cannot be
-SMfsflP ^kini^ailKJretdflumed. ^;
-bn^^ic^^wWy^ithefi, i which fir# d'rfcover'd this
Jpi%fjj!£,rt$towh*£hii cttS the Rtqaifitkrii .of j their €on&~
J&iC4#% fir&«$^vQuted to retrieve it, did no mart
-^teHrlhfii^Duijj: sA#d t!je>Pfteeedent they i fct i cannot

Again :- The Diftinftion made by Mr. Pennxn *he
«5^^T^^|^c/5«*r/f ^between ty* JtwarEapaflties

jlkmWl*^i^HShr4wdMi^ didxiipt-perh^jw(iad ( veft

fifo>:j*&H> 9bffl»s yfa&dei< or, at leaft* jertpeft iti^awfel

jK^er^^fety afly B<fcJy $fo ; ) hm, / r mi ,|

-?n$TO<lfoiS«^ Goycrnof c^id QcmrrtriMM,

[jniftft ^ff c^<3^rtt*ey, w#r* ftjtJa&itted fti $ l for tke

(pfcffioOT tfcfe ftwpvilt&r?* wfecttoablbne frotrf' hfe

p#^tqc^jWbtSu^ Cfaajgewias

otherwise fuppor|^b&e£ ?wre paidri-^Aad as he and

-to4g*^l*^S^ ftfHyi«jftly,to reftcve &ch:Rents

ISm £ij*$*te&1®cm «ftJUo^s.thcy difpofed o& ton*

rW§fti?9rW^^4^J^^ as the Yalue of Lands

arofe* fo it could n&t but follow* That m Procefc of

jnorwT k G2 TvflNt*

,8.4, An Bifiorical REVIEW of ibe

Tiipe thefc QgitrRents would of themfclvca ? bfGQ^

aiiJmmenfeEftate. . .- ^••'•«m^ - . ■^■iiuo^qo*'
When, therefore, the Propriftflr} no Jong^^jatoi
s&<Govemor4 nor even refidqcl i r n r tjt^Pitwnye* <$qcx>
pended^a Fifth pf his Income |hefe, could /^l3e||>p-
^p^cd, Xhat thisEftate, thus obtained ^nd thus mj:-
.TCitedifroep it* original Purpofe, ihould nQt.be^p^
inucpnrmon with all oth$r Eftates, to con tribute tp
thofe Charges it was firft in the t Intire alloix^d^for,
,*i*d thewboje, Amount of which it fo many Fcpd ex-

*&eds? •»:

-i No Property in England is Tax-free: No Differ-
ence in the Amount, or Value of Property^ pukes
any Difference in the Duty of Suhjefts* And /no-
thing is more confonant to Reafon,, than that H$ who
poflefles moft, 1 fhould contribute moft to th^ public

Service. >•-,..:* • h,^i "<-

And yet, for want of a fpeciftc CUufe tp : c^clare

their Property taxable, the pMtnt ^r^W^n/i pfift
t on haying it,£Xpmpted frorn evpiy publje Qpji^ion,
, andaipon charging the Difference ,^
lit^aniiQt be top often remembered* gays it JO the nf ft

Jnfonce $$ $e Price of an fymftionSxQ^m other

;J.aX€3. ...-j-;.'/, v...... . . j.,,, :. i y .; _ ; , , v . 4 „ f , , nf , _ •

fv, Clear, ^Qiyev^r, it will be madeTp t $y$x'f ^unpre-
judiced Mia$* That fuch V fpecific CJjf ufe ^ijier^is
tier >§v?r was, opceffary :. Apd> that in VIrt^ f ^f|^ the
' aahfersjiij Right, as well as the r Jf ower f an<i i^Eq or ^ y
; r^pofed M «he Freemen tQ tax,f:%rpfelves by Wayi and

>Jmw§ 19C -.?fe?ir w providing lall> ^^^^E^^
aj:l^oErPiWce : lies indifcrimixi^tfly, 'at .tl^r £ Di3|rjs-

> tk^fo^to,*n equalTa^. uf , 13W , fno H

1 he Paper- Currency of the ^rqyuvQt- i l ^r^? 7 tape

mentioned >^%d as r Tha? w^ y ^jbf i^P^&c^b^e

thefevef^l Frames of Government wereimefer V9P"

. fidcra^pn, i*..Q9uW nqt r J^ ^cwjp^^

The Currenqy. thro, wa^r^aj^J
for many Years .after, Gold ani
by. Weight $ at firft in fo irregular a Manner," and 'at

fuch

^ ConfUt^tioa* &c. of Penfylvan'uu 85

loch uncer^in Rates, as gave the Crafty many Op-
^BflS3tiri?s tb prey u£ofi th^ ignorant ahd neceflitoust;
uently was produ&ive of much Contention, Etxih
S^andCphfiifidm ' :

W;phta the Fourth: of Queca

me* die Rates atafValues of all foreign Coin&cui>
^^^e;^^^ were lifted ahd aftei}-

l°atid, ih her Sixth, the Contents of the feid
¥tffiimi$6ti wtrerena&cd into a L^w,- which' is ifeill

fTIfBr^: '• - - - -,^ - -.wu

y I&t tfrr dnnual Influx of thefe foreign Coins,
through v what Channel focver, or from whatfoever
So&cei oy no Means anfwered the Dfcmahds of an-

yP&m England came all the Manufactures confumed

tft'!^ Plantations* and all the Returns they could

rbaki Iby* thtir Commodities fent thither dire&ly, Qr

the Eroduft of diem at other Markets, fell far ihort of

^BallShcfe ^qWln^ igainft them.

;{ ^^^liStp therefore, was to be made good in

"*<^W l i^ r ^iiVfeti and was fo as long and -as oftfen as

tftijjf $fflHi*f found.^Evtry Colony; in its^Tufft,

; ^ks^ ^ of its Sped* : And, as'it

is iirt rapomliifky fehoWh ind avowed, for any trading

Community to fubfift without fome Medium of Ctr-

cbiatforl, 2 "tferf Colony in its Tarn Was dbliged>tol»ave

;Kc 5 {o6Vfe ib the fame Expedient of 1 uttering ProVln-

%\%'Mi r i>r Credit^ -and making tiienv anfWer, as far

y&^mKM "the topical' Purpofes oF ' 06!d"aiid S3-

;^?r^^ q Wlfgli;i;h , eir f feveral Capitals wWe enlarged &

'W^i3d aRff Sffyetf became Commodities' that could

re 1 Ipareft 3 fo?' Bipbrfatipn ; and the 3 Merchant*^

Home were paid "ffir't&at Golcftnd Silver^ without amy

*"3>4^$^» c *"Wtofa'»' If nor th* : v«ry Jaft, was
;'^arife^,VwfiicH'ga ! vfc'intoit. It Was nottfll
'WV&r ^i^(K#/# Governor) that they madfctheir

Kwomtva

?>*

tbern^ and! m &ityiLflw&;fmh\<in h|ro.-tc&Tpafr anjl

cv4S^^^(tt/A^.SiKxe^) having over a»dove*
again acknowledged his Conviction of the : Convent ertcm
ttifog; to ^ he Province froHr> a ireafenabie Increafcr of
i^kdPape^CurPciicy, >ga« tte Jififembly to wder»
ftmjd^ib fyfnanyi Words, That nothing but the (Sra r
t^3tfbr>tof> the P^prM^m vHtlic A8a\r ofytbfctr
$^h&iffls*vmiildj prevent the Opposition tbey wer$
ptherwife tp expert to the A& theft before tteftijAkt

.ylj;'.7 tv.j-

>By fpeqial Contract with the ievecal Porch^fers^
$>efe Quie- Rents of theirs were. to be paid ipS^rilrffgr
Money ** Ami* as it was impoffible, by any Pravifion
wbatfeever* to make the Provincial Currency anfwer
thu univsrfal Purpofes of Gold arid. Silver, fo no
Proviiioa could hinder thefe Metals from having the
Preference of Paper. To convert Paper inwk Specif
or. Bullion could not of Gout fe but be attended mt&
fym& Cp8p:< -And hence the Proprietary^ Re mitt knees
could nwfeufi come Ihoyter hoAnt.-^ Wbepy $beseft«*%
hy/fhe^ft^ooip founds Aft^ P^enw^Sita^becmwsheJ
Pravinqal Eftabiilhment, theytvvmild not ^1 low t their

Shafts afi the iffovmcial Advjantagei'refuitUig frarirflit
($hic&! w a*> at Jeaft, equal to That of tl*e PtoW£ep
as;>wi&>he*eafiDer b^coqie apparent) to be wh^ittrifay -jrs
w«^ ap adequate Confideratiori, -but infift^^necboiy »
on baving the $>i£FereiKe betwecin Paper dnd 5pdcWio^J
Bullion aiadt ijpco then* v but that tJhetDiffferehoehojf:}
Hxchange ihoujid be made up to them akfcx;l art Un
other Wpp#s, j i|i8t<{he Pdufids Sterling due to«b£n#«iin
.TgnfylwMWi* flibutd be paid to them iV^^iht&^wfdiiH
^Iiyiliompithe 3itih of> r iiaopirPdupds^5iriwo^tlU8fi
Maoner e^tpzted'fcciii the- Frowince, tognher with ti&z
Annqit y of i^-o Pounds, .ta>coowirw^ duxingi tli^ iQiiM >
culatiorM)f thofe Bills; which will ferve -toufhtviLntfi:
lead,' Thatthe 'Province could'not bejinore^obbori^,
upon ocbec Occafiqns t than, the Pf&pP&tmzs wer^ifithl

r

vnThd^rcn«amt^eti*mkhtr iTk>J>ic to KciitQptfaaft
upon, which will require a more tender Confidcif*
tiwoftoKi jehe> Reader tfaaii p«rfaap* itiimay always

ioM^AifoaiidhirJoUawera were, of that £e£V»«h*>
fis^bthemfeives by tfeejamiablo and JcveUbig J>iame>of
Eritkfa? and ^rko, hav ing been, at 6rftop^dbrioafl£
titttfcd by that of ^uakerSj haw been Jbrced^dbjLite
j«M Tyranny of Impoficio^ awi C\)fto«v *o anfwdt
teritietfei" firace.: ■•♦*] ,- :■:..* x'ot'-iv.i-v'q

Of Thefe* the Majority carried along with them i
Scnjpfebettei* aiccommodated, to the fojmmgof 4 So-
ciety^nd preferying it in Peace, than to the protecting
icftomthofe Infults and Depredations which Pridfe
arid luift of. Dominion have at alt Periods commuted
enubkir /weaker J>feighhours ; and frdm the Vifita-'
ticto ^r^hichy 110 hyftemi of ftsikics, Morals v or
Ke^k)B^ hath is < yen been able to prefcrve .Maa-i
kincL b^ /!v'nr> ?*j lud jijuu .' k >.*i >.,*■ :■. -».« i»;.n c
rj&UitfccaMViewsv Patpofes and En^eavomrsj wem*.
naitrtoiodj (hettfaw* .ftm ahe Forths^and> IXfesi oi Ci vifc
Lrfc^fTiOjdd(>)Juik«'thft|feveral Parts of their own iitrtle'
Gfflitauioity iniclte-iooftexfed^ {

iiNortf indeed^ jhad:TMy,at that Ttinei any other
QiqeA > bifouc themiU Alike to wage ,j War v^agaulft
[ a^ydBowetLfior AJU^ncm witrh^^/tfWi -aad >ta;<loare*i>
fgi©d»hh'^yifiowdr at 1 WaCi «iirti ifci^b was ^atr>v
pitt^nfofbi^bath fa the >Rtwfriet^^&^$rorv&c8<-
l^tteffckftjDetithSedkiOn *>f therRoyal Charters c\c\.\\ ':\
KiTJib Irrvbci? wfcffe to© fechic; in ^WtfrzGAiinet too re- )

Pi^stfric^adiacrirt wmiiBraochcsfidcp jthe temeJRoot,
aatf re^oafible 4otj thti ic.Copdud to the ianoc Laws ;
tttl dbiavit^w^p ) ftotni the veryi Bcginhing*} had beeii*

~1ttU*atfteCtt. -r/'ul 111/; ib:;; V j-iuH ./Iciij 10 r., ■;:.".;;

Jba^i^tame^ibyju&w^aa a. Drug tt) them. ■ The
PrfMiace^then wi»c^ltot»d^i peopled aj^
had not been wreiled from them by Violence, bikpiir-v
cb^ifor a fuitable Coafideration. In the Contract

between

Sri**-

i$d <A* <tt$rikalt R t Vt'Efr^the

Imwem'tiw fr^rk^ry^d his Sttb-Advthn*^^]
poflible Cane had been taken, That no Caufe qf C.bm-
-•plamc <hM14 J be adnrinift^ed^ to them : ' Iri Tra/
«hey were nek*0be^ver-rea*hed l br inripeHetf^upB

-(Awd,nin;*3*fc ef-ahy ^ eo^mpll^r'oh -eitiief^Sid^'^e
'®ofef8ia-M«t«r ^ was to i?e heard by the $tf*grrfri&s
5i»i€onc«K:«rtihHthe Jfa&w* Chief,' and' decided ; fey ?a
•mixed Jury of Indies atftd Planters: j ■ ij '

i~ The (sum 'Regard to Coriicience which led Wid this
jWitdertteft adhered to them afterwards; and having
ittou* tefotwed and provided, never to be> ft^gflbfjs,
and not being Sovereigns, they left the ReirttHPro-

b ^Gowned -by ; Principle in all Things, itj& be-
ftevihg the Ufe of Anns to be unlawful, the Ckffcfcf
Defence by Ar«« &>utd Wot flbme within- ^fctr

.-Flan. .*•• ?- -■•■■•■- ■--■ ■' >y ■ ■■<■ <■ ■ •'■ , ; : ; j -' ''/?

.■/. But *hen as their Community was' left ^obej^lio
<QN*$te»rofnate i^afioW tort*' the iGorie^oW^f

S^Rion* cwldibeafehortertefo notteV Trie"? -'ihi§nt- i tittl
^fumel oozing ^ihtd'by 'Nlufflbers,' wfitetfftii Ante

/ rrtppentd actor d&#y^wtoj being Void df fittrK r $£ru-

,-_K\'

s, might. be eafly induced, fc^^fYc^pe/'^dhfi-

tt«i4risiEtof«ak«f -trait DHficdKy out of then* Hind?.
itoidAn^. is 4»m*katy Service, itindeV at! E^^&^Ee-
-xtoites iwhatfieve*,- #» Matt 1 c^W-be aoWJpNell^d^o
^WTein-Petifo?*, \*ho mJtftfiff'hls Choice <#leWby

Add>t* albfeM*: UteXWmiM* ?*m WrWfttf "does
not appear to have be^AHjd^AeJDoWlhfoWbf^fe
iS^apfes'^ha'chaptog *aJkerf Cfcre 1 ifl/fcfc CfifirftWioin

jJ>owerg'«e*p^ &ftoWetf^« l W^/ifc^da8^ {wlfich
<were atfo co^eftte^l^ bfe-rfeiH a*tf 4ffigtis9* *evfe¥y,
:•« tntifter', andiM4tir*alrt$drtS df'Meri of wft& CbftdR&n
«' foeveror vtJftirtfoeVe^boW^ttnc^'to'ttijfl^^kf^d
« to parftie'-fucto Enenties 'a* fhouW rtake iificO^fions
* imo the Provincey *%'^WflP by Sea ' J as* J Lafid^ evtn
%wtn*U* tihtPUnNs of ><fef4Rd4pfli»ifc&$<fcg^ u by

* God's

< • r

Gooftiturion* ©V, of Pei^Oyapfe. 9*
f. Gp4^ A©ftaoce t to Viroquiflh and take thcmf

^ Apq*) »^y> *f * vc $ kwoWfd in the t£iUirmls of

' ; Mother-Country , and obliged ta take their Sbaoe

j$k cf^mon Duty ; and *he wnwrtw, Danger, Tbdjr

^ WigM$i reasonably hop* &r > all the Paction inata

,twr#e thfy might ftand.in need of^o^tktjCvndiwtn

c^ contributing all that was in their Pow^r, rconfifteat

with their Principles, to *;a*ds ic. ,. •. ; , m . ; • r , ,- <

Tt>i3 they have occafionally done ifnewn Colonel
Fktcbe/$ Time downwards; and Ti#y Wfrutel hatfe
dqne xpore, if the Proprietary Catfs antd thofc of thesr
Deputies had not put it out of their Power, i , ,

Allowing, therefore, That this unrcfifting Princi-
ple would have been a Solecifra in the Conft r ufltion of
^n independent State, it was not, pronrincially fpeak-
Log, de&itutc of proper Palliative*.

At leaft, Scruple of Confcience is at all Times, '
*n^ia all Cafes, left blameabie than the wapton Er-
perit^^s, tried , upon the , Province* even : by the Pro-
p^etarjlrf^wn Agents ; FirftxofcatterTerrorsramoAg
$p ^acpaWc Ii&abtf#i)cs*,aiid i^^ Np-

jp^tyr^f a^ihtary Farf:e fwm the Effect of t heir qwn
wicked Devices, - />x , ^.<, , • , ..,1 ?. : n, »■-

Q^ thisr Mature was the felfc Alar** raiicd in, the

'a Tiflge %, £v<w, and £<£**. A ;Fa& which

^^^iKUged ag^ft tfoem, Aft tk* Records asrf the

recoflefted, will ever fuggeft a Fear, That a Moafure,
i49b u1l ffS' WraMtW* ci»aten<ied for, wauld^ if 1 obtained,

in oiW* ^«TF flpw, r &fih; * SttiiHpftr^ i Of r ithe £fat&< of
^[(P^%JV^^WfQpgiijt befare^wm^eacfer

<?*wlW *$N|Sl A%& a^jfo&s wc beft? feeoiawd «ehd*r-
p'Mb^^S ■ QjWWfeT#«8 ^!*hey pepwne4 we (hail do
b4^J^^felteW2^e^33M^ Mil Ha* -o •,
>;--^^Cr^R*7*P*o.i#W Jlw R^fer Cwrency of the
^^v^Jia^b^ jtftyftwrmfed, ae ahovje f^ified,
,}o jfadW&IWi** ^GfabliOari for fixtrca Yeasrs,

■►,.-- \ -i the

t$rought f ojr tfcfi Cpro!0?j?r^e $$&# Brit<w in^hofc
J?8(rts* by t ^(^wcffive. ,Qu|p^c*.of ■ P^pcr^MogR
there iilued, and the depreciated Condition jJ^jW^
fpr, Want>,pfj;prpper . Fund* co, fufjpc^t,,ii;s^Mfditv
flTshe , ,Mp^, T ,by, , Way,. o| ,Paftiativ.e, addreffed jjbe
T^one^j|$fcia^n^orary Sfopvtb the Eyil^by ii>
4ri^ing>^rfevecai Governors, not to give thjeir Aj-
fenp to 4ny i: farther Laws of that Nature^ without
fnexprefs.iP«)vi(b, That they ihould- not take £f r
feft, till his Majefty's Approbation had been,§rft ob-

v.t Such, Inftrudioni were accordingly fent : and thofe
to the- Gsoyeraorj of Peitjylvaffla -weje-ida^ed :^ugt^
a i, 1740. No^ithftandin^api w ( hiciw thje r ^pf^ r ^f
Trade and PJafltajuons. (having already int^eir/^an^s

-bltfeed , by f it|re. ^p,oq& : Pqu^ , £&, as. 7 a^^ v thp
aEftea »| (Soid.aiid.Sjlifer,, ffofla,the..jYear J0 i J 7«^ tp

th« T?m\*9il9& ..«»4 Mv^ :ff^o*>9^VHr.icJWJ-

that fucha Sum.was not pnlyfQalqnabbbyfflfcefl^iy
3feb<JiW«y»8»nWl the, ; Cpnirne,9a o^th^ /Colony)
-ffe®»gb*iifi|o Wri^cpmrner^, jhe ;1 £# ,4^]^,^
J&oyal ;^fifg«aace and , ^atifkatiion j sand .^,Diajis
^frnvSV^k ^fe JrfO/ds Mjpei, gaf ed, &i #9 *$*$$ u \
.trt-HUf *e^fajr,Aeption/eHer,a| yea^^j$t.thjit
4 |h* Aiforfllaty* jjin. panformityj jt^an pr^ej^&clw *
T^rnpfliedjfi^rMruaion^^^, r^en|\Qne^ t ca^fpd^

fecond State of their Currer^y, t to fe bp^rapl^^{ge
MsmpK&r&fte jLotd^o^ Trade,*, Ah^btforq
^fi^WSgWniWfilBWd jn '^W^hofaWHfftHti a 8r

: «,-cWh«»„«hjj! At^pt,,upQY CpZ-tkfiUW-difth Wfa
sGpnfidwjaiJRnpthei,^

jslfr ,-%j|i&'J5f^er? for tba,C iS-eri^, i^fe^fy^ttia

i-aropni; thf J&&, The, Ajp&r^y^ gfeffegr, ^rae

quently

Ged&t^&ikkst % k Dep^oVernor. 9*
" "IB? ErioV'PifficWtfcs (J 5h f ."Pbiiit u o^°<3of*feJthttV

Sfti. The "Laoouf of the Plarittftioiis 1* per-
fbrrrW chiefly by indented Servant*, 'brotoghVironl
GriWBritabi; hehtvd and Gtrtoany '; hbr; beetfufciof
the #|ft Price it bears, can it b'6 v peVfoi , n1etr any
olneV 1 Way; ; Thefe" Servants are purchafed of the
Captains who bring them ; the Purchafer, by £ 4
b6B{iV^Law, has a 'legal* Property in 'them during
tKfe v ^e^ ! their are-bound u for •, cahfeU of bdqUea*h
ttefri'rVn^ Hkt other 1 Chattels; they are lkble to be
k\m fb?Defcts; ^hi.6mtk, BeV<?ffihclefc}<' did life
&!>vefho¥ -tibM ^is'L'evies.' ' 'A Fei?m&?i*rffoecl v • 'THe
C^flers^ereten&ibu^^^

^CJb'd^poV^^re^gamfeas^PArafrJduB^d a«*3^fe
i»fpil^«8P6roQj8ft M6 the Courts^. Srkn&ch %4fc
m'TBrloftfr PoVSfi'tet^He^g^e^a Vfcr&SfWl

• 'TO^ffirhbjf, Mg r ftd 'other Rerr«0yV*«bi
ifernfelves^boikitf td4?etfftf'tKe , <Klthf# oftttrfcfg'

iuiingto" j part wim/rrrar -atrppiy,'-' WHew-we wtwhhs

WfflSSKty'&m ffonH 4fiefr%^ltb'rslAv8rfe mfejred.

, *^HJPQ6VrfaBrSlra¥dfinWafc,' ahd^the^Plf^ef #&,

for

•1

•rne'WCTvernor ^warooTtinate, arKrioTrrenwwiey 1 w«
Wte? ailjplffitf,"^ i#lftgW/'td1tt&'i^fy^teWft

.*he Public, orB£KWrtftoWir1b&fc<W»e SiiKfcfe,
m!f. <38We4B*. l taP Y&Ftd'^e^ffelleWii^i^te ;
W WJ^TO^^^K^g A* 3 r ltIoflfiatt<8tl8tt<*fte

mk tfbfogtfc #p£jtt8&frt>. Ttlppoftoig the EHgnlty
, *Wik&*AWW3ffl&jfaiJi tfc&eflaryand/fcea-

_&»:' - fi. -- i-

ml *!f

Ah WJtdricd RE txf&Pf, ice.

^Ittfrabkatit^bfthis Provtec^td our gracious, $#y&-
« *%n^ ^b«^ftig;^ Sh^ 6f th£ j Burden ofwf^
* l^-Siibje&si/proj^ Circumft£a$p5*

♦^ therefbi-^ cheerfully ^ntf lirianimoufly JleMv< r
fi'Tlfct §#d0 ^aunds be paid far the Ufe of the Ku&
$&fe* Meir§%n<i Stfcfceflbrs, tbbe applied to fucblJie*
4 as he, in his Royal Wifdqm, (hall think fit to tfyreGt
4 °a&$ :j a$j&iftc.* J And the faid 3000 Pounds was
afterwards paid into his Majefty's Exchequer by the
Bgent of »&b Province accordingly. A Free Girt, if
ever therfc was one, from Subjeft to Sovereign •, and,
however fmatt, a fufficient Voucher for the good In-
tentions of thofe who made it !

In the Beginning of the Year 1745, the Projeft
againft Lvutfburgb, having been carried in the Aflem-
bly &f Nw&+Eftgland by a Angle Vote only, wa^ im-
parted to tHfe 3, Aflefaibly-' J, 6^ ; i > ^i0 , Atft^/tf." by 6ovei*fi^r
~Sbitfy 9 *W\&i* k^Btfire, That theywould^cpntnfeu!^
tfieretti^ ^t Jl thbtigh t£ej Cooid not? tie preV^Hd
tipfcn \&ikW^^a:ri irfin '^ntfrprteg wlu&^tfUm
a^fttffcd" .(fr ffb^WateV L thfey Voted 4006° PoiWcty it*
Pttfvife^&i- «i^ RelVefflttieiirkhii Siibpoi^ Qf^he
^yv#^r^*p¥%lio had^iken ttb' Place, as foop ias it
Wis ■&nbW»*Hgy Werd mWti&fftfa ctf k, ancf^it^ci

In the Beginning ot the Year 1740,, the Mtfitffers
affiled ^ enteftato a^^e^lW'the'^Rerfuaion"-'
Gamda. />fcf OJetfcrs-fror* WSto^ty's $ffite(fot

11 A

'^Mfcrif ritf*heft J^iAt irf^indutM^^ejS

Way o# Feiht ta^ife*^*^"' ^"J^'"
■■■•■« Fbrceis Were^ery wWhfVaf fefr By'Vfte^eraftJoveff-
nors» and the Aflembjy of Penfylvania voted 5060

Pounds

Georcje .ftm^ jEj|. ^..Gowgnor.

L ffike ? Siifn to jiwir if^pcr Ci^rcncy : la wh^h
[re King woul^& t 0rv<fd, the provincial Ca$>U
M<i *e lb. far CAWg'd, anithfc Jp^eft^jfjng
i Would in a due, Pfopp^ipfl q£ tim%t 4&kWge

J he*lR began the firft Difpute betjrcesn th$ Qo*
patid the Aflembly on thi* T^pjc ; ; The Qpyfr^
^ded the Inftru&ion of 1 740 as 4 Rgafpn, why
dd not bring him(elf to fuch a P/ito&i 3/f J3W<fc
he apprehended was neceffary to the Goitfrawn +
f it ; and therefore urged than* to find ouc Tome
^d lefs exceptionable for railing the faid Sum :
Jiey, willing to comply, as far as. poffible with. hU
Te5, fe. far recc^Ieid from ^hcir Point tQ that Time

Tre^rs. D „ upoiu^]iich,;he,-,GQYpj^Qri vtw$A< xm

iftion, and oafied. the Bill^ fy$ j^i&^J&f

^ f<^^ar rj ^8.MaF«hn

wnen thcf expedition at lepgth w<fcSj3$opt 'M^lj&t

WTO^Bnttd r JpSr^a.qhe Uorthm QolpnieSrlo
ll^jp;^ of XM|t $ ic^nauft

Kvg, ijad ;;j^4s RFJ9WgHt mo Parliament, , ,h>ui

afcJOiJ

Sam ° f m% •TOgH^frWW iOf *lMB>-BiU tfcw

07 "

t< 1 v:

96 M tiiftmcal kEVIEW, &a

4 tations (in which there was a Claufe to enforce fhtf

* Orders of the Crown in h}sMajefty*s American Do-

* minions) and it is not improbable* that fomething
4 of the fame. Kind may be offer'd in tHe enfuing

* Seffion. I perfuade myfelf you will give your A-

* gent full lnftru6libri$ upon this Subjedfc, in cafe it
4 fhould become neceffary for him to oppofe it : The

* honourable Proprietaries at that Tirtie laboured and
4 with Succefs to avert the Mifchiefs that thriaterfd
4 this Province from the paffin^ df the faid Bill j and
4 I have it in Command from them to affureyou of
4 their Afliflance upon all future Occafions, wherein

* the Welfare and Happinefs of the People of thia
4 Province may be concerned/

This had a favourable Appeafarice towards fhd
Province, and from hence it might well be fuppos'd*
that the Iffues from this Source would never be pro-
ductive of any deep or lafting Strife.

But tho* the Springs had not as yet bfoke out With
any Violence, they were working their Way tindef
Ground. — The growing Charge of Indian Affairs*
which lay wholly on the Province, and which on the
Head of Purchafes, as before explained, Was produc-
tive of great Advantages to the Proprietaries, began
to be the Subject of public Complaint : And by thefe
Suggeftions of the Importance of the Proprietaries at
Home, the People were to be taught the Danger of
difobliging them.

But if this was their View, it did not anfwer : The
Affembly had too much Difcernment to be diverted
from the Obje& before them by the Interpolation of
another, how dextroufly foever the Trick was per*
form'd-, and therefore proceeded, notwithftanding*
to take this Affair into Consideration.

It is fcarce neceffary to intimate, That the Gover-
nor, and the Creatures of the Government, did all they
could, not only to difcourage them in it, but alffb to
convince them, in Effeft, thatj apcording to the ufual
Current of the World, all Advantages are the Pre*

roga-

IP

Jame$JHaw ^ogr^i^. Dejx. Qovernor. gp

*&$&&$ ^? P *S #&?£?' #$ ^ Burdens the Inherence
wlw ; . wl^^^^^fy indeed be agreeable 1 to' &e
^3fetf>m{^S^^ -P^" x Jt?^-V^PrI^ : But then as fiich D6c T

mjjj^re, ppt pver-p^atal?le any wheje^ fo, in 'a free
W^g^ment ifce.Penjfylyama.it was riot tp be thought
{he^ jv^Id^be fwailov^d at ^ff.— They, wereneithcr to
bpj<:Qn,ymCed nor difcouraged it feems : Op jjie con-
trary, they pet-fevered ; they examined ; they reported *
tfrey refbJvM ; and at laft apply'd to the Proprietaries^
ro do what Equity requir'd, by taking a Share of the
CWs^ upon themfdves. '.','.

^^[Proprietaries^ on the other Hand, announced
In jch^ir Reply, " That they did not conceive them-
felves to be under any fuch Obligation, even tho* the
People had been taxed for the Charges of Govern-
uurnc: Tfhac as not one Shilling had been levy'd
on tfte^£eople for that Service, ic was fo much left
reaforiable in the People to afk any Thing of them :
That jhey had, notwithftanding, charg'd themfelves
w}mp^mg their Interpreter even much moie than
coiffa f^ 9 u e to ^im on their Account, and were alfo
then\a^ffie^fexpence of maintaining his Son with a
Tut&m*&*fydian(2om\trt\ to learn their Language
an^CTiitrdms'fbr the Service of the Country ; as well
tf^pf fwufy 'pcher Charges on Indian Affairs : That
ufcj '1raa n be^h 'at* considerable Expence for the Ser-
fe« l ^^^vinte'foth r m England and there: That
Wf^yM%Mfinot the Land they purchafe : And
that they are no more obliged to contribute to the
M fctt&jk&Mii ahy otbel Chief Governor of any

lo ffiWSWili ' this; the Affembly, May 1751, re-
^^WfcrJ^fefffecl, ;< That the preferving a good
Wdfirora^ niore for the In -

tcrefLjpf the proprrffary Effate than that of any other
* f ° s iri^he f rbvintt, as it gave the Proprietaries an
laf^y^bT'purc^afing Lands on the Frontiers at
{Wfce^arid ielfihg tfiem at a high one, which
l^tKfe?Wife r be impraaicable : That, therefore,
StiR^idriraF^aftice and Equity being ftronger
Hil'fl? thofe of Law, they were certainly bound by

H \Wa'

- •

98 An .a$brical REVlEKkc.

them to contribute to the Expence of thofe Indian ,
Treaties and Prefents by which the good Underftand-
ing fo beneficial to them was maintained : That tho*
Taxes in Form, for the immediate Support pf the
Proprietaries Subftif ute, and fpr defraying the Charges
of thefp Indian Treaties, had not of late Years been
impos'd on the Province, the Charge of all (by the
Intereft of the Paper-Money, which was a virtual
Tax, the Excife* which was a real one, producing about
3000 1, per Annum, and the Tax arifing from Li-
cences of various Kinds, . amounting yearly to ^ Sum
not inconsiderable* and appropriated wholly to the Go%
vernor's Support,) was paid by the Province : That,
the Aflembly had always paid the Indian Interpreter
for his public Services to his full Satisfa&ion : That
they believ'd future Aflemblies would not fail to do
"whatever could be reafonably expected from them in
regard to his Son, when he (houki be qualify*d to fuc?
ceed him; as alfo to difcharge all juft Debts for
Expences properly chargeable to the Province, whe-
ther incurred there or in England* whenever the, Ac-
counts fhould be exhibited : That, by the A&fprbicf-
ding all bqt the Proprietaries to purchafe Lands- of
the Indiansyth^y had obtained a Monopoly of the
Soil, confequeatly ought to bear the whole Charge ofr
every Treaty for fuch Purchafes, as theProfit was to
be wholly theirs : That their paying for Lapd {bought
as was conceived much cheaper on Account; > or the.
provincial Prefents accompanying thpfe 'Jrgaiip^} was
not a fatisfa&ory Reafon, why they fhould^ b^aj* a
Part of the Charge of fuch other^^ti^s^l^ij^d
to the common Welfare and Peace pf^he; iPfoj^in^^^
And that, upon the whole, as, the Int^e^^ifbie
Proprietaries were fo conftantly in^nqf|x^yflaj^ or.
lefs, with thofe of the Province, in all I%4wn Tx£*n$ "
ties, and, as it apngpred the Proprietaries th^v^Ki; tjbejr^
paid more than tjpr Share, while the Peop|cthought>
they paid abundantly too much, They apprehe«ic<i ;
the fureft Way to prevent Diffatisfa&ion^n s^j^qefc
would be to fix a certain Proportion of the Charge

of

t

* %

Jamis Hamilton, Efa. Dtp. Governor. $$
tiFW-fifhiit Provincial Tftatiea with the Jfoftww, to
b^fetfy iht Pteptfaaiies and Province refpedively :
micMV rtot dnly'gr* PropOfel equitable in itfelf,
btrf ctodticiv* al^tft^eferve that Union and Har-
riftmv feet fteeii tffc PropHUaries and People fo evident-
ly ad vaMagedtrs to btth, they hoped, would, on fur-
ther Confiderfctibtf, tie agreed to."

HbW ttii* was 1 received we fhall fee in its Place.

The Aflembly proceeded foon after, to take into
Confid^ration the Growth of the Province, arid the
State of their Commerce *, and finding both to be fuch
as required an Extenfion of their Paper Currency, on
the fame Grounds and for the fame Ends as at firft
gave.rHe to ir, unanimoufly rcfolved to ftrike an ad*
ditional Sum of 20,000 1. in order to replace defec-
tive Bills, and iftcreafe the provincial Capital, in Pro-
portion to the Increafe of Inhabitants \ as alfo to
it-emit and continue the Sums already in Circulation.

ABtll'tas accordingly prepared in January, 1753,
and fcnt tfp to the Governor (Hamilton) for his Con-
currence. Bfit tho* that Gentleman was a Native of
thePrtfrinfce, With rather better Qualifications for his
Poft, and, as 1 may be fuppofed, more Afifedtkm for
the People than is common with Governors, he had
his Reafons for not feeing this Provincial Point in the
femtf Light ~ tfiat the Province did, artd therefore re-
turnfed the'BiH in a Day or two, with his Negative up-
On it * QflaKjy*d indeed with Exprtffions of Concern
^lii*W^ferihg in Opinion with them, but founded
in th£ BfflSkc? rais'd in Britain by the late too general
and «^^/^^^ Complain ts againft the Plantation
B8H ^t^ife, wWch rende/d the Time very unfea-
J&tt^fctf : $fiy Application to the Crown concerning
Ae E*t^l^ Of' ke-emiflk)n of their 8 ; and fortify'd
bt a Ca!*&e, #fiich founded To much the more piau*
ttftf^ftemM tolfe drawh' from their own Premie
^' t'&tttety, that the m*ny Advantages they derived

* ^9fe ! ^1e of Paper- Money ought to make them
careful, how they took any Step which
poflibly endanger k.

H 2 TYvt.

» >L

j oo An Hiftorical RE VIE W, &c. !
,r Jhe Aflembly, on the other Hand, gladly faftenM
\©n an Acknowledgment fo dxpFcfs in favouf of the
Things and, from the Tame Senfe of it* dedar'd
themfelves to be equally carefufwith the Governor in
the Condpft ahd Dire&ion of it : But having fo dofce,
they went gn tofay, '"That as they did not think ttie
^(likeTais'd in Britain of the Plantation-Bills, was
To general and ondiftinguifhing,or (till fo warmly fub-
fifted asjhe Governor feemed to apprehend, fo neither
di<3 they conceive the Time to be unfcafonable for an
Application to the Crown about theirs : That they
werp equally concerned with the Governor for rhei?
Difference of Opinion, and that they might not feem
to aft too precipitately in an Affair of fuch Impor-
tance, they chofe to make a fhort Adjournment, be-
fore they took his Obje&ion into Confideration."

Adjourn they did accordingly; and at their next
Meeting, which was towards the End of May the fame
,Year, found themfelves earnestly prefled by a'Mef-
fage fronp the Governor on one Hand, concerning
Indian -Affairs, and on the other by Petitions from a
confiderable Number of Inhabitants, for a farther Ad-
dition to their Paper Money, fuppofted by a Variety
of Allegations Ot the moft interefting and affe&ing
Nature.

The Governor's Meflage, whether 'premature or not
will beft appear from the Sequel, prepared ttie Houfo
to expeft, " That the Country of Megfieny furttffife on the
"Waters of the Ohio, partly within the XiiifiM-otiPeB-
fylvaniai partly within thofe of Virginia, afcfeady\was,
or fooii would Se invaded by aq Arhiy of Wet^b and
Indians from Cariadtr: In whfch Cafe the Indians in-
habiting, there, who were a Mixture ^f the Six Na-
tions, Shaponefe, Delaware^ $ri&Tihigt t te&es fckteiy re-
commended as Allies to the Province by fchefaid Six
Nations, would be obligefcTtb ^eaVfc th£€ottl*try, and
his Majefty's Subjefts tradfrig with thefti would be
cutoff, &c. &c. unlefstimeiy walrnedby theMeflea-
gers fent to them by himfelf for ? that Pufpofe: That
Montour, aa Interpreter, had heard the French De-

claratiow*

• » * «

• t • *

a »

James Hamilton, Efq. Dep. Governbr. lot

claration delivered, and the Reply of the Indians which
was firm and refolutc, but not to be rely'd upon as they
wqre in Want of all Things." — So far was Matter of
Intelligence. The reft was pathetic Reprefentation of
Dangers and Mifchiefs ta be apprehended on their own
Frontiers, and Exhortations to enable him to give the
ti\& Di&ws Afllftance artfwerable to their Exigencies.

*An4 upon the Heels of this Meffage the Governor
; a]fo communicated to them the Anfwer of the Proprie-
taries to, the Reprefentation of the Aflembly above
exhibited; and which, if purpofely calculated to di-
vide the Province and inflame the Animofities already
kindled, could not have been better framed or better
timed for thofe fatal Purpofes,

Profefiions of Attachment to the true and real In-
t^reft of the Province, of fparing no Coflf or Pains
whenever it fhould appear to them neceflary to ad-
vance it,- and a&ing fuch a Part in conjidering the

- Matter of the Reprefentation as all d{finterefted^tx^
fon*(hpuld think juft, they fet out with. And, hav-

, ing< madqtbis Ground for thcmfelves, they proceed
to cJtffgq the Aflembly with being actuated ty ill-
Wili to f hem on one Hand, and a Defire to ingratiate

/ thfctflfelvesr with the weaker Part of the Electors on the
other. In the next Paragraph they fay, ' After we had
> ordeggd, our Governor to give you the Anfwer which

* hfe ilidrio.your former Application, we had no reafon
? rto c&pe& a Repetition of the Application dire&ly

.-./* to o**ffe$yes, as you might well fuppofe we had con-
>*. */Jtf&64tt l hc Matter before we had returned our firft
.»iil ^AnfiBief^ 2fld the repeating the Requeft could only
ii^i^adVWj^ttxe repeating the Anfwer, the Occafion

- *M fo* aWhich does not appear to us. It is poflible,
tn'/ttal oae Purpofe may be in order to (hew mbre

, « pubHckly this Difference inJOpinion between us and

^ 4 yourfejves; and if that was ever intended it will be

* * coavenknt we fhould fet this Matter in a clear

c Light* (althp* it may make our Anfwer longer thai!

* we could with) that the true State of the Matter
> * may appear/

H 3 TV**

io2 An Hifiorkal REVIEW* &c,

They then urge the Authority of the Board of
Trade in Judication o( their former Affertioo, thai:
they were no more obliged to contribute to the public
Charges, than the chief Governor of any other, Cplpt
jiy : They will nor allow that their honoured Faf&jsf
had any Affiftanfce from the People in jmaking hif
Purcha&s, or that there is the Jeaft Colour for preffing
them fo unfcafonably to contribute to the pgblic
Charge, feeing that the faid Charge did not much ex-
teed one half of the Revenue.— -Ajnd they noit only
return to their firft Charge, that the Afienjbly bf fo
doing, could only mean to captivate the weakeft of
the People, and fo by their Affiftance continue XQ
hold their Seats in the Afieiribly, but farther, cite a$
lb many Proofs, the Time of making their firft Re->
prefeiitation, which wasjuft before an Ele&Son : Their
printing the Report and moft extraordinary jK^folutiofii
on which the ftid Reprefentation was founded, which
feemed to argue it was rather intended as an Addref*
to them the faid Populace than to the Proprietories^
and the folemn Repetition of the fame Rjequeft as if
it was a Matter of, great Value pnd Ira part wee. .
Take the next Article to their own Words.
Wherefore, on this Occafion, it i&neceJTary that we
(hould inform the People, through yourfelves their
Reprdentativcs, that, as by the Conftkution, our
Content isneceflary to their Laws, at the famp;Tima
that they have an undoubted Right to iiich as ire***
cejfaryior the Defence and real Service of the Coun-
try ; {o 9 it will tend the better to fdrilime fbc St+
vera! Matters which muji be tranfa#ied withoa^ for
their fteprefematives to fliewa Regard fo us andaur
Intereft : For, confiderin^ *he Jlapk mhidx ^k&
Crow^ has Itejen \>k&4 to give us ia P&JpImmfj
we fliaU ekpefl ftom the PeopfeV Repi^^Utim,
on ail Occafion?, a Tra^trwefM: fuitable t^dreto^^id
that wfeilft we dejtrt to igQvtrn the Proviqce acooifd-
ing to Law *»fc, they ^ouW be #s eyeful poft|p-
port our Iaterefts, as we fl&aU-d.w^ be to Aippprt
theirs/

Re-

James^Hamilton, Efq. Dep. Qovernor. 103

Redlining again to the Revenue, they affeft to be
truly concerned for being obliged to acquaint the Pub-
lk<*itfv i j Srace of it, fettle that State af 6oop /. a
YefcBv* arifing from the£*cife and the provincial Bills :
Again afier** that the annual Expence of Govern-
mem; for a Series of Years, including /#</{>;? Charges,
amounts to little more than half that Sum : And that
of all this Revenue, about 400/. a Year has, on an
Average, for twenty Years paft (and great Part of th*t
Time during War} been expended in Prefents to the
Indians and Charges on (hat Account, which they
could not conceive to be a large Sum, compared vyith
that Revenue, the Manner of its being raifed, and
fo important a Service as that of keeping the united
Nations of Indians in the Intereft of Great-Britain.

They then talk of the Taxes paid by their Family
here at Home, as an equivalent to the Indian Arti-
cle 5 and then proceed in the following remarkable
Terms* * And at the fame Time that we (hew you
'that' we do pay all other Taxes here, that on £and
*i only egfepied, we nauft advife you to be very cara-
€ ful, 4>ot to put People herein Mind of that fingle
'. Exiftoptivn* ■ Several Propofals have been made for
'■ laying Taxes pn North America^ and it is mpft cafy
S to f orefee, that th« felf-fjme Aft of Parliament that
4 ihall iay tfyemnn our, will alfo lay them qw your
4 Eftaws, and on thofe of your Conftituen^s/

In thanextAmcle, having deny'd, that the Af-
fembly had always ,p$id the Interpreter to his Satif-
fa&ipi, asd infifled -that they themfelves had grati-
fied him whea the Affembly had refufed to pay him
whpctba thought his Services deferved 5 they add, in
a JtigbirriTDqna : *jtfoiwever, with refpedt to any Ex-
Vpwu^ oT^hat^orc, and many others here, we en-
V fitted, into thato .withoiit any Expe&ation of being
( 4T^ia^ -and ihould think it far beneath* us to fend
? ^ AcepMntt^Otf ribeni to \\* Houfe of Reprefenta-
' #w?x, miPP* Age0t$;e*npioyed by yourfelves might
1 do* for ihe Expenses incurred by them/

H 4 Pro-

:->£Z'~.±.

K>6 An Hiftorical R E VIEW, &c. ■'

c 15. As we ihall ever, in the firftPJate, etidfea-

* vour to promote-the real Interefts of the good £&&•

* pie of Penfthanih ; we make no Doubt 61 ;prefqrv-

* ing an Union and Harmony between us arid thefm^
4 unlefs Men of warm or -ynealy Spirits fh6t*fd j uii-'

* happily procure themfelves to be ele&ed for Re£te- ;

* fentativeS, and fhould, for the fupporting of tfiefr

* own private Views, or Interefts, influence tfafcir

* Brethren, otherwife honeft and well-defigning, to

* efpoufe their Caufe; in fuch Cafe indeed, Diiputes*

* may arife, wherein we (hall engage with theutmoft ?

* Reluftance; but even then, as we (hall make th£
c general Good the Rule of our Aftions, we (hall,

* on all fuch Occafions, if ever they fhould happen*

* fteadily, and without wavering, purfuc Meafures the

* moft likely to conduce to that good End.

f 16. The Reprefentatives being annually chofen, we

* are aware that we are not writing now to the fame
« Perfons who fent the Reprefentation to us 5 the Per- 1
* c fons moft forward to pu(h on'a Meafare (whfch,

* from the Anfwdr, we dire&ed out Governor to j*ive
c to the former Application he was defired to fti&ke

* to us, miiftbe fuppofed difagreeable^may tfotiiow

* be in the Houfe, but may be fucceeded by more
-* prudent Perfons returned for their Places, who

* would be careful not to prefs a Matter too far, in

* which the Rights of the People are not really con^

* cerncd : However, the Anfwer we give muft be to
c the Reprefentation fent us. And we defire, iiV;any

* Matter t)f 4ie fike Nature, that tiki &di$$t\t be

* fatisfied with fuch an Anfwer, SS thte (SovMfcf^lto

* have Qrdeh to give on our /Behalf, ~ y: - J ro - ^

. .1." XkmsMim a

la the Temper *ht Alfembly ^as ^ bieftjrarthe
reading of tWs ^gaskw Paper, r JjtAy^s: bunvatti-
ral to expcQ:, *hat;th»y wpuifi )w*!ifaf*FM*HA^

■ ■ -♦* > ^ diately>

James Hamilton, Efy. Dep, Governor. 107
^Jjr^ and f weeded at once to their own Juftifir

%'X$ tjie Honour of their Prudence, they
toflO*dlf£erent Method. They ordered it to lie oj>
^^^^f t^tthi^ mih their own Votes, Report,
Ktw^h^pfy £sfo alluded to in it ; and returning
tox|e two Points already before them, refplved tQ
clfa^Jthqj: ytjW* by difpatching them firft.

3#^ it Vi|| be remembered, were the Currency-?
Bill jetqiyied p© tjie Houfe by the Governor,' before
t^it ^d^^wn^nent, with a Negative, and the Gover-
wr'ijl^fla©: with Refpeft to the Resolution of the
lndiyu tp witbftaod the French, in Cafe they fhoukj
be u^ded jby them on the Ohio.
Thgy h?d $p uncjer Confiderauon feyeral new
ifpatches from their Agent here at Home, and alfo
n Account of the Value of their Imports from hence 5
rfiich for iheX^ 1 7,49? w as in all ^,238,637- 2- 10,
/or ibe Year 4750, £217,713 - o - 10, And for
thelt^r 17$ j, £190,917 - 5 - j. Whence it wa$
appaj^^^aifo/ want of a fufficient Currency, to
invigor^ t^e Induftry , ^nd fupply the Wants of the
Province, &e Importations from hence were in a gra-
dual pbujfe pf pedenfion. — And after njatqre Deli-
beration on the whole Matter, they again feoc up
their $$,<#> $z (ppvernor with the following Mek

t. : >t : •

• • t

^1 -!':-n-

*/ jp&^ /#' Governor y

~ VS^W ^ Apprehenfion, at dur Iaft Sit-

c %5^i^S^ $$$ e ra # ed in Gr ^ iMftw* of the

* Bills ©f Credit iivf he Plantations by the late tpv

* general and mdiffcnguiGiing Complaints, fo warmly
4 fubfifleti, *s to make any Application to the Crowr*
c abort* our Currency, at that Time unfe^fonahle, in-
c du£ed the Hoqfe, notwithftanding their different

$C&fi(&£Jlt$,tP roakeaihort Adjournment, to con fid er
factbec-of tfic Weight of that Objection ; and alfo of

* Jfc Suoft by that BiB propofed to be made, anc}
c £ontinued current in this Province. And now,

108 An Hifiorital REV IE. W % &c.

when we relied, that tho' the Complaint^ kgainft
a Paper-Currency, arifing from the ExceflBoffcmtf
Colonies therein, were indeed at firfl: too gcfacfral
and undiftinguifhing, fo as to occafion ihe br foging
into Parliament a Bill for retraining tte farrie i» all
the Colonies ; yet, as upon ftrift Enquiry j (iSiate
of our Currency then lying before them) the Par-
liament thought fit to alter the Bill, and lay the
Reftraint only on thofe Colonies where that Curren-
cy had been abufed, we cannot but look on this as
diffinguifhing in our Favour ; efpedally as wj» are
aflured, that no Complaints were ever made of our
Currency by the Brttijh Merchants, trading hither,
who only could be affetted by it ; but that on the
contrary they have, whenever Called upon for their
Opinion by the Parliament or the Lords of Trade,
appeared openly and warmly in its Favour, and de-
clared (as they did in 1739* when dti* Aft for
80,000/. the prefent Sum, was under Confideratidn)
That it was not only- a reafonable Sum, but abfo-
lutely ncceffary for carrying on the Commeite of
the Country j which appears by the Rfeport of the
faid Lords, made on that Occafion to the Cbbncil.
And a$ the Exports from Britain to this Province,
of which we have authentic Accounts^ had then> in
the three preceding Years,' amounted to 'no more
than £.179*654- 9-2 Sterling •, and no*c in the
Years 1749, 175°, and 1751, they amount to
£ 647,3 17 - 8 - 9 Sterling \ and our Numt^ej-s of
People, and domcftic Trade, and the Ocfcafions for
a Medium of Commerce, are eqtialty toereafed,
there cannot, we think, be any Doubt, fttot the
Brisijb Merchants will now Kkewife be of OfJi&ion,
that the fmall Addition we at prtferit projiofe is ab-
folutely neceffary, though they may not think it fb
fuitable to our Circumftances as a larger Sum 5
100,000 /. of Paper Currency bearing by no Means
the fame Proportion to our Trade now, as 80,000/.
did then. And it is certain, that, ai the Money
circulatihg among us ditriinifhes, fo muft our Trade

James HamilIo*, Efq. Dep. Governor. 109

md JJfefulnpfs to Great Britain, and our Confump-
ioa of its Manufa&ures, diminifh.
4 - ^Ipon the whole, we intreat the Governor to
:&&6der the.diftrefiing Circumftances wider which
ifie T*ade* and in ppnfequencp the whole Province,

* rouft languifh, if, contrary to our Expectations, tjic
4 Jill we now.prefent hicp ftiould not be, enafted into

* a Law. And we are well affured, that as the Go-
'ivernor lias beea pleafed to declare his Sentiments of
?:the many Advantages we derive from the Ufe of
L Paper -Money, his tranfmitting it Home, in a true

* Light* will make our Application to the Crown as
4 effectual as it is feafonable.'

- The Governor now demurred in his Turn, and by
his /Secretary gave the Houfe to underftand, that, as
it wap ufual for the Aflembly to meet again in Augujk
to fioifh the Bufinefs of the Year, he chofc for that
and fotw Qj:hef Reafons, to keep the Bill under Con*
fidejrafciQn, till that Time.

v In , this the Houfe acquiefced : And having fuf-
,pended all Refolutions on the Proprietaries Paper, and
the Draught prepared by a Committee of their own
in Anfwer to it, till their next Sitting, proceeded to
the Indian Affairs, and having come to proper Refo-
lutions thereon, tranfmitted them alfo, together with
-the, following judicious Meffage to the Governor,
tomtr -,

it.pleafe the Governor,

f u5^-Sfe fcav^on all pecafions, acknowledged our
*>fa &3&fyl S^nf'npqits ot the Gpvernbr's Regard and
&>i jM^ic«o ^a* cte j^e Jndians, pur. Allies ; and we
h eP^f^gaiii rftura puj^e^rty Thanks for his conti-
oYjPS^&jfo and for ccOTmunicatir^ the Intelligence
; mte h&* reived coqiqerfiing th^ir prefent Diftreflea.
'ni^^Hrf^fiPiPC whiqh, wfe Jiav^tefumed the Con-
> i r44W^Q^f t ^J--^ tte f/ Si laid before the Houfe, with
f /tjhdtfw l^Icflage of the ipth of OStober laft, together
^s-with the Qoyernor's late Mefiages and Papers, fent

no Ah Hipricat k£V\£W, &t. '

1 down to us before and fince the Return of the ??*•
6 preffes difpatched to Ohio. We have affo tar^felly
examined the Meffenger himfelf, and fubh Bt&ian
Traders, and others, who could give us afny ^for-
mation of the Numbers, and Defigns of the fprtihf,
railed by the Governor of Canada, and df the Con-
dition of theltwigtwees, as well is the bther Indi-
ans, our Allies, upon the Water* of O&V and Up-
on mature Deliberation, have refolved to contribute
generoufly to their Afliftance, by a Prefent fuitable
to their Want of the Neceflaries of Life.
* Tho* the Alliance between the Crotim of Great-
Britain and the Six Nations, and the Protection and
Afliftance they expeft to receive in Virtue of that
Alliance, is more immediately under the Direftion
of the Government of New-Fork, and altho* Vir-
ginia, at this Time, has entered largely ihto the
Trade, and will, no Doubt, on the prefent Occafion,
affift them and their Allies, yet we have always en-
deavoured, in Proportion to our Abilities, by Pre-
fents, as well as by obliging our Indian Traders' to
behave with Juftice towards them, to prefertfe their
Friendship \ and on the pfefent Occafion, notwith-
ftanding we have the Misfortune to differ in Senti-
ments with our Proprietaries in the Part they ought
to bear in thefe Expences, we have rather confider-
ed the Advantages both they and the Provlttdrmaiy
receive by our Liberality, which We hayd'^fitfed
chearfully, and recommended the Diftrtbbtitftir l to
the Care of the Governor, that the Six ftafitihszt
Onondago (upon any Applicatioh to' be ntaldtilt&iihn'
in their own Behalf, or for their Allies who refide
to the Weftward, and are likely to be mbffe hghfee-
diately affefted) maybe fatisfied, aftdtte Prefent
intended them beft anfwer their Neceffities, and our "
peaceable and friendly Intentibns.*

The Prefent was 800 /. 20O /. as a Prefent of Con-
dolance to the Twigtwee Nation, for the Lofs of four- '
teen of them cut off in the preceding Year, by the
5 4 French

James, Hamilton, Efy. tkp> Governor, i x t.

iraub and their Indians *, and the reft to be distribut-
ed^ the Governor amoqg the other Nations, ac
has o^n ptfcrfetion.

T]^u& far all was calm and quiet. — -And at their
ntt^Me^^S in l he latter End of Auguft, they re-
ceive^ two other MeiTagcs from the dovernor, re-
lating to the Money -Bill and the Indian Prefent. The
Latter importing, that he had not, as yet, received
anjr Application for any Purpofe whatever, from any
of the Indians % nor even fuch well-grounded Ad-
rices of their Wants and Diftreffes as to induce. hini
to make any Ufe of the Credit repofed in him :
That he had, however* difpatched Weifer [the Inter-
preter} for Intelligence ; and that, having received
Advices by all who came from the Weft ward, that
the French were on their March towards the Ohio* and
had fent out their Parties to fcour the Woods before
them, he had not fent the Prefent of Condolance, for
Fear of its falling into the Enemy's Hands, &c.

Ancl as to the Former, it related to the Currency-
Bill, returned at the fame Time with fome few A-
mcndments, to which he, the Governor, prefumed
the Houfe could have no Objection •, and concluded
*with,*hefc remarkable Expreffions. * I cannot, how-
4 eypr, but acquaint you, that, in giving my Aflent to

* .^3 Wi\\% I have adted rather in Compliance to your
4 repeated Application, than thar, in my own Judg-

* me^^c ^ think an Addition, to our Currency

* at $l^/£iaie, abfolirtely neceffary : I am in Hopes
V n<;vqtUeipii, that as the Sum to be emitted is not.

*'WiW:ff%&&$ysLq& i|i Defence of fome EngBJh Traders
fceninJ&neS', their Towfrs. The Fremh came with a ftrong Bo-

d^V «m demanded thtft the Traders and their Goods (hduid be
deti t fcic d^p^o them. The Indian* determined to protect them,
bot were overpowered by Numbers ; fome of the Traders were
SHcd and the reft carried away to Montreal* and afterwards fent
'rlfoners to Tfana* This was before the Commencement of the
fvretent War!, indt one of the many Hoftitities of the like Kind pje-
v«tt3^to e^f toinng their Ships.

- < -exer*

*. *

^EL*

• \.&orbitany ,it,may be attended .witb no^2iQM^-
* ^quences. to the Province. . . %rijlt< ^\i

Now the jri^cigal of thefe Ameqdfijeats Wj^^
v following Prpvifo* viz. , c Provided always^ ^q^M 8

* hereby farther Enacted f>y the Authority aiormid,
c tjta; tap Act or. any Thing therein comainep^^m^l

^f'^ott^t^ffc^yov be deemed or CQnftrueii)5.^cgp
^^tpliavcMy.|?orce. : 6rE^eft.; until the fame $^fljf\$y£

*< received the Royal Approbation of his. Makft
^ c his. Heirs,, or r Succeflroi:s/. Which prpygjp^J
I lb' far from 'being unobjectionable^ that, ' ; uppn ^ne

X^eftipn, the Houfe unahimoufly refo|ved> .S;$pt tp

* agree to tjii$ Amendment, becaufe they zpprsfotffi-*

* ed it to be "deftructive of the Liberties derived . p
, c them by the Royal and Provincial Chatter^, as

" well as injurious to the Proprietaries Rights* a *

* without any Precedent in the Laws of the^Prp-

* vince/ . And the Governor, on the other JHancL
adhered, * Becaufe the Claufe To propofed to' he a$q-

* ed, was founded on the additional Inftrudtiori from
' the Lords Juftices, in Purfuarice of the Cpn^mpns
c Addrefs above fpecified ; which Inft.ru£lip4 Kad

* been known to the Province ever fince Januctrn^
4 1 740 •, and confequently, they might' fee 1the"Kea-

* fori of his adding it was fuch as he coOld not ah

* low himfelf the Liberty of receding from,*

And here it is to be lamented, That, while tms
Affair wasfirft under the Confideration of i*arliatnent,
neither the Proprietary nor ^ the Provincial' ngtnt
thought fit to lay thofe Claufes of their" Chartet "be-
fore the Houfe, by which the feid Proprietaf^id^iiHt
Aflembly are intruded with the whole' t^g^ll&tive
Power, fubieft to the Royal Revifion and ; R«flffca-
tion, and may even put Laws not in(iorifi{^nt^ith
their Allegiance in Force, for the Term of FiVeVfer's,
'Without it; fince, in all Probability, thatl^eaiufe
would Live produced- fome fuch a Temperamerti as
might have prevented the Broil which enfued J appa-
rently for Want of it. -

The Aflembly took the Governor's Rfeply ^me-
diately into Confideration, and prepared afuifatflti Re-

ywider-,

James Hamilton, Efq. Dep. Governor. 113

joinder ; in which having inwoven the unanimous
Resolution juft fpecified, they declared themfelves
aiffured, from the Report of their Committee, to
whom they had referred both the Claufc and the Exa-
mination of their Laws, That there had not been one
fingle Inftance of a Law paffed under fuch aReftridion
as that then contended for from the firft Settlement of
the Province to that D4y. And here they might have
fafely ftopt, if they had thought fit, feeing nothing
could be added in their Juftification ftronger than their
Charter-Claims, and fuch a Series of Practice founded
upon them : But, willing to be every way fortified,
they entered farther into an Enquiry, Why fo danger-
ous an Experiment fhould be then preffed upon them
without the lead apparent Neceflity ? And proceeded
to Ihew, That the Inftrudlion itfelf was a temporary
one : That, though it was directed to a Governor of
that Province among the Red, it neither did or could
fuit their Circumftances either at that or at any other
Time before or fince : That This, having been ma-
nifefted to and acknowledged by the Lords of Trade,
the Ends of it, as to them, had been fully anfwered :
That the faid Lords, in their Report to the Houfe of
Commons, fubfequent to that Addrefs to the Throne
concerning the Paper Currencies of America^ having
fignified, that* they would humbly propofe that his
Majefty would be gracioufly plcafed to repeat his Or-
ders to his Governors of the Plantations not to give
their Ajient, for the Future, to any Bill or Bills for
ifluingbr re-ifluing Paper Money, proceed to fay,

* We hope thefe Proportions for reducing and dif-

* charging the Paper Currency of the Plantations may

* have a good Effedt in thofe Governments which are

4 b^ld by immediate Commiffion under his Majefty 5 ~
4 but we are very doubtful, whether they will pro- *
4 duce the like Effect in the Charrer Governments,
I who do apprehend themfelves by their particular

* Charters and Conftitutions to be very little dependent
4 upon the Crown, and for that Reafon feldom pay

* that Obedience to his Majefty's Orders^V\dv \s\v^\\.

~ - I * W

1 14 An Mijloricd REVIEW* &€,

4 be reaforiably efcpefted from them ?' That* rtotwitJw
ftanding what is here faid concerning thg, Repetition
fef thefe Orders, they had good Reafon tabeliete tH6fiS
Orders, at leaft to their Governors, had neVer hrtti
repeated : That a Bill, in which Was a Claufe t& itfr
force the Orders and Inftru&ions o£ the Qrbwfr irt
jimerica had been repeatedly brought into ParKarthefoif
ind as often reje&ed: That the Governor hirt (elf Nd
feprefertted this Bill (to rcftrain the Ifluee of Papfa?
Money) as of rhifchievous Tendency : That evert tfifd
Very Proprietaries had made a Merit of oppofing it 1
'that, as in the Aft of Parliament for that Purpofd
which did pafs in June 1751* the Eajkrn Goldriici
Slone were included, fo Penfyhania was left in full
fcoffeffion of its Rights, even by the Parliament hi
ffelf : That, as the Date of the Governor's Com&iflkm
ivas many Years poftetior to the Date of th3 Inftrtte*
tibn, they hoped and prefu1ned> bfe Was at fall liberty
to pafs ail their Ads upon the Terms granted) them
by the Royai ahd> Provihcia!l Gharters, without put*
ting them to the difagreeable NfcCeflfty df .%aj»ihirng
'tde Validity of fiich Inftru£Uqi5$, £sfc. Akrdi, rftiftiy^
as to the Iffqe of their Enquiry * dohcfemihg theJNd-
ceffity of contending for the prefent Amendm6Bffi&
they not only declared themfelves at -a Lt)f$^o fifed it
out/but alio called upon the Gofer nor tafcottpfy
with the general Voice of the People, atlctitfee re* .
peajted unanimous Applications of fhek Reprefimtto-
lives in grafting them and the Province thefeafehabft .
Relief provided for in the Bill* by giving his Afktit
to ie as it ftopd. : >:r f ; \'.n i\ rh

How the Governor was circutnftanced may ifcd gat
thered ftom his Aftions .' He^dhered to hit ArtiericB-
ments, and returned the Bill m beforei With av^rittch
Meffige, in which he perfevered in holding up ifec
Inftruftion as an insurmountable Bar, till rctofctdv &
the Aflent required of him ; urging, That^Wsft*^-
% ceffor had done the fame in the Year 1Y4S 1 : That tfi*
Afrembiy admitted the Validity of if m ordinary Cafe**
and, without pretending to difpute* onty kepsd fit
5 would

jAMfcs'Hi'M-itToto, Efq- Dep. Governor. . ?r£

(ffa^cfindMihielf ' &t Liberty on a Re-confideration
pgtae-hi* Aflfent* <nbt?wifhftahding, to a Gurr£ncy-
iWii xrtitn aiay ex&aQftftfiary Emergency reqdired it :
T$uk Ttben f ir feettted plain, they did not think an;
%fe«fi9&* founded oil an Addrefs of the Commons,
iasnahhe* iikgal+ov temporary , or deftru&tve of tfieir
ibfnies : iThat, if thfcfe were /&w the Sentiments of
wOthi' Governor and Aflembly, there w&s no Room
^tfie infifiuation chat he had been thtfirft to prefs fo
Mgerous an Experiment : That, if there was no In-
tn£e before of a like Claufe offered, there was, per-
haps, no Inftance of the like lnftrufction, which other- -
•ife^iQt^was to Bave been fuppofed, would have met
wh lh6 feme dutiful Obedience : That a teftraining
T "aftrudion was, perhaps, on no Occafion fo neceffary
«j in the Bufmefe of Money, over which the King had
pocufiaf Prfcrfcgativfcs : That, if they could make it
appeair totiis Mrfefl$%Miniftry+ that an Addition to
tttfife CkrtrenGy was kt th&t Time necejfary i the Royal
GompSewkcaf/vKW law to be doubted : That, with Re-
gards w^betforitier Currency-Bill by them eked, he
vqk&AiWi&fthe fettie/Opinion ; but that, furely a very
njbdeme Share of Penetration was fufficient to diftin-
gSHftinbetween an A£t to enforce all Orders and In-
ftffa£ficft&£ ^atfl^rudion founded oh an Addreft
efy Parliament t^Tfeat they^w&uld certainly allow liirtt
ton judge for jiimfelf in a Point recommended to his
<3fcfeh^«i4 cm^ai&of incurring his Majfefty's higheft
^iMek^atc^Tk^t be did not by iny Means blame
riw&tf«ricoa««MiiiJg for what they apprehended to be
their Rights and Privileges, confequently could have
fag ^j^(^tiOiifceireKamJmng the Validity of the
Kn^5&j4n^tidH6ns^ provided they proceeded with fuch
SBtt^ief ^t^/Msderatkfti^ as might 'give the World
abf I^ogiitb^peat the Charge brought againft the
<3hjb^^O&vcrnmeHts by> the Lords of Trade, of
aiipo&endmg iherafe&es vary little dependent on the
fittJwAi Ailxhav 6p0t> the Whole, he was fiheerely
^Ifi^intonV^theRby^l Inftru&ion was of the fame
Jo&e^wfrea the late Governor told the MfembVj.,

t -

ii6 Jn&jftmcal REPfE^M^ 1 *

fe the Tear 174$ he cou!^^^^ Ixiiriietf^lM
a Pitch of Bbldriefs as to cdk^en^it. ] ™- f^ f
• ' k ii'e^ibu^That the cohJitfirt^^tjpthfc^Ghb^tif
thefe departeMrlftHi^oh^ W& Wy tb ftHk^2tt%^
into thfe AfiiitiMyi and thereb^^pmri them fbrH^
firiher>P*At$ice,; ! tHeF newOfdeb^Rkh could if&'bBi
' aecbtepati^ fKcf Pfbfricttofs ; <Pa&£ already 'rtHrtfc

f The Kfo^ (IfcTOng r iMirt»cWi-''4ha , 'thr { JWfi^
of : CommoM ^e Authorities tdol>igfof ;i:'f>ftfii£
dal ReprefentatiVe to compete with, and th^rdPfti^ it
might be ftippbfed 1 their very Names would iferVd ITi *
But they Wete too wife and too fteddy W^ fo
amufed : And the Difference 6f Language Hl&fe'lBJle
of by the Proprietaries and their Governor, Nri&sf aFone
fuffitientto warrant the different Gond uft thfe^b-
ferved : For, though the Governor taHtl-cE^rf^ oF
the Sovereign Power, the Proprietaries ta&ril &fif of
Themfelves; * If WE fkittbiihMk fto$^ 9tefe
v of your Trade to confent to aft Ift#eafe 6f Vdtii !^-
y pef-Currehcy. f: k -■ A i,u :.^ ..h>q ul rym

Not thinking themfelves ^Wijged; " : tHfcftffite, u to
confider What additional Indui^merTts- weW n f^^0&ry
to incline thefe great Meri to TiifRff- theiFDfep^ to
dlfcharge the Duty of his Comnitfll&n, the Afl^bly
chofe to lofe their Bill rather than pay mote fb^i tBt&h
it was worth. — < - / -^

According, the Governor** Atnehdiiii^il^ng
again put to 1 the Queftion, weft? again r^^eff^a-
niirtoufly ; arid a Committee ^as apjibinfed WatffWer
his Meflage* Which they did in fiicfc a M^htt 1 as
fhewed they were more anxious tb db Jdftifct t#ttieir
Caufe than miikc their Court to the GoVerndiR } '
; What Governor Thomas did irt Taffing the 1 £ ] ,poo
Pounds A&, they urged agaihft what he [aid: The
Validity o{ IriftrU&ions inordinary Cafes > (aid to b^ ad-
mitted by the Aflembly of that Time, they explain
away, by faying, the Diftinftion was only made ufe
of, to furnilh the Governor with a Pretence, or In-
ducement topafs the Bill : That this was not the firft

r

JamesHa^i^t^m, JzJJn, Dep. -Governor. 117

lfiftfM^nW.^P^i^o«»tof r ^itnc, and regaining

as yet unrevofte^-vlwfr neither was pj would* jas

eg J??8> c ^ jl» pmpm '-J fi"? 6 - J$!w* JW «nc ftill to

yJPffi^-JflfiW ^W^-B 04 ^ 5 MlQo^crnor &&£>

Tha

hat unfortunate, indeed, would the C^'pf Ftqfiffc
3frtffttTbe* jf : Gov^nor* were nevvr^ be injed from
tfcp, £tylga#oa <rf pccafionaT Jnffr^^iohs. '-'• ' If ^
:i l^M^^if^:^ 1 ^: 1 * fkould judge *llt£e Purpjgfcs c pf
4 hi^^ip^r^i^po janfwered, upon Paffing the Papc*r
Si MPR?y $*k,m Parliament in 1 751, ,w£ muft, jiefer-
*tIP*Steffc &? ? eypr continue under the t Burden of it
in^fwift 1^^7:And if we lhould fuppofe th?
^(P^IFW5b^:^9P#^ ty the Prppyitfaws from
to SHl^g^^;A%fi # & e Emiffiqn : of any farther
lo %fl& m, #rUls o£Qrc4i c, asws havevqry little Reafon
3' e%9. !^lfyift?^ be pleafcd

.^^a^w^wtt Mrj^m? wjh iffi«Wm a* #-

c £*r/y to pafs all our A& upon the AW*^ graced

o c * «%&^^^fWf ^ wiU ^ ^J-tf the^W
vi^^^?^ % to^jf ; ^Tcan ne^er be fr?ed frwi t^

* We apprehend all Royal Orders ancjj Jjxftf uftjpns

^ ^^. _ . _,^»:hq G^yemp^is-plpa^^o
svJRfeW t^iBft^e^RQyal Dif(%fu^ unjpfs. fuch

A ^fti®^ ^^Y^Wfl'by his J^j^^^ut^rv^i;

fnmiwsum f>fpm$*& thac . Pw^f Wfe,fp

oc^^ ^^^^*^ ffcwfr-:W( our p^fent

M8Wi9f WWJWJs* Weftyfc Prfpjetfure for a
flttl&BJ WfW 1 ^! V4fi#fcft ^>iii?l^di«nc^ fo the a#i-

-nl^S ^^il^^V^ki^-i^^^^ ®P Doubt, as well
$\r&>fi$w$ wS^ 1 ^ ^ r 74: > ^ * n c ^ c Governor's

is

' c

as

1 1 8- An Hiftoricdl R E VI E W i &e;< ) [

*■ Poflefiion ; 'and the Subftaflceaf both ■w^ikAdWkdf
' be printed Wk4i the Minutes ' of oi&r Houfe : 'Why
c - then an Inftru&ion, allowed to b& in Force in \ipbQ4

* and ftill unrevoked, Ihotild be.of no Effeft^^andjan

* additional Inftruftion of theHiords JufticeS in Epipo;
« 'poffibly revoked >hy the Conduct of five fucdeoding
c r Seffions i>f theftfoe Parliament^ upon whofpitAd*
€ dreft to his Majefty that Inftru&ion was found-ed}

* fhould be fo ftridtly binding, is what wecarittafcisp*

* 'prehefid.- — v ?

. «*-' But if the Liberty the Governor contends^or
c can mean, that we muft allow Him to judg^'forhim*
> felf, how far he may or may not obey fuch Ray sfl

* Inftmftions, at hi^ own Rifque (as his MaJeftyV

* higheft Difpikafure is threatened againft him partr-
6 cuTarly ) and at his own Plealbre ^too, then we irtuft
' own we are at a Lofs todiftinguifli^nyigreat ©if-

* fereftce between the mifchkvous Tendency;- idT^afl
c Aft to enforce all Orders' and Inftruftiohsutofothfe
1 Crown whatever, and the Neeefiity the Governor is

* pleivfed to think we are under to aliow him i the

* Power of irrfo^cing them: whenever he rflialli chink

* fit-, with this Preference, hbwever, diat.We would
c far rather chufe tb fubmit btirfelvesy 4ndourGaiafe,
€ to the King and the Juftice of a Britijh JParJiaWint,

* than to the meer Will of our Governor,? whether
c to; infoft^ or dlfregard them, however ^xtiby mzy

have arrfWered their Ends, or otherwiie vabatedl of
their Force: -And,' in the prdent Cafe^ Jwdt) hppe
the Governor, on Refle<5ti6ny wiil pay feme ^Re-
gard to the Judgment of the fariie Pirlt^enifeo th
which the Addrefs totheGro^n had^beeippre&rred
to ifiue this atiditioftal Inft*u£Hony whey alt&ctogh
Seqtiefted $n their next SelSon by the Boapdi of
Tradt, to addrefe the Crown again, thafcshe&vcJuM
be pleated to repeat his Inftru&ions'tb the Goverhors
in his American Colonies, have ROtonlyinieVer? com-
plied therewith, that we^krK)W>of, but iha^e^rflnce
paffed an A£b for refraining > the ifiaing Bills of
Credit in thofe particular C^i^niesywhe^c, after a

« full

a

Ja^^IJ^wiL^on, Efq. JDlsp. Governor. i,i#

>/uJb£iMjoir^ >;they fewd fucb Emifijoris i^|urJPUs
(rf&the JTiaiJc o£ )Gtreah£rit4iv, or j*Qt cplei4#:ed Co
gcte J uftice. between Man and Man, aftd h^ve left
iaiJM^wepre&n^ fr<>m the Purd§n of

c^hja addiqptoVlflftfMftion, and ifl/ull Power #vfr
jfpuc i^aws f ypoa the Xerips of QMr Charles ; a$d fp
bLbngios: we aikiiQlhiiJg; farther than is w^rr^oped by

fk&efe^iwc hope it neiqher will nor ego interfere ,v^th

'the >&oyal Prerogatives.
4 Ic m^y Ije prefumed, the Reprefentatives of this

f:PfOKtoce> wbep met in their AffcmWies, haye/ome

* naiuable.PrivUeges yet left, in framing their Laws,

* todo Juftice between Man and Man, without the

* Aidof an addiqociiil Jailruftion; and we hope it can-
4 mot be«expp&cjl that we. flapuld very eafily p^r f t with

* txhofe Rights and depend on Royal Inftru#ipp$,

* idFafcwbiqh we arfcto.allow the Gpvernpr the Power '

* heis/pleflfcd *p contend for; and we have no Reafqn

* to:<doubt> all Men of Underftanding ,aad Candour
4 will prefer a regular Cojarfe of Laws, ,occafionaliy
f ftfttgd to the /J. ime$, and framed by the Rqpre-
' fematires of the People annually chofen, and af-
c ieated tajby their Gowr-npr, to a Series of Iri-
4 Arviftiopis fcnt: for that Purppfe from fo great a
4 Diftance*

4 For our own Part, we are fully fatisfied and af-

* 4ured, that fo long as, we continue in our Duty and
4 Loyalty ,tp the beft of Kings, who has been pleafed
V^lp.decJ^e, Th^t nothing in this World, cap give, him
4 Jo tmub Pletjure as to fee (his SubjeSs) fiflourijhing
4 and happy People >; and neither claim, nor defire,
4 other orgreater Privileges cha^ thofe we have a
4 Right to, under the Grant of his Royal Predecef-
1 fbrs* <we can have npthing to fear from the King or

.. c a Uritijb Parliament: And, as it is our ,Duty to
-»* defend thefe in^the beft Manner we are able, in the
. * faithful pifch^rge of fp high a Trull, we (hall have
4 the Satisfaction ^of pur i)wn Minds, aijd, we hope,
. * £be Countenance of all good Men, notwitl^ftar^iing

* Jt^e Qqver^or's Opinipn, th#t tjie Charge -^ade

I 4 f * fc^YQ&

*£**-.

« n a&*faft ttt^f^otfirce ^tfrh&Hg<bBe* X&W&t rPfct
* :s ilSb& yife jffflt 'BbaFtf of Ttmp & riot mads k> mt
*!'jMftarita&e ) . , '' E ni - r J'")'iis r : s ^bifn mad bed Jcdi

" lf - !Ahd c ha$ng4efdf*' deda¥e^tHe1f> ! #<k^fie»jri W
S^ffuraftcfc ' ''tmWe tjWcfk&m&t pafsrttigiLatfdfo *

rt.'^ftio&ithfe'lcafV Ap^fifcenflolPofrtaiTM*-
V*£ MUSfun; they -finally fuggeft? l$KlptB.ntdft
riot? onl^a' Bfefe df Time to the "Rep , r<$dHNiv&,
*ftdt% jgri^?ESJ*hoe to "the Country y ; WprteM jBJHs
^for'the GoVeYHbW Afftnt, which he w^'feoroid
frhdtt I^iftrudkrtitis from the Froptiitafttso tie*

Unanimously' this Report was 1 apf>roVed>fb*f^dajftl
yet, frdrri' a Principle of Mdderatl&ri' ^*^tfnefto5p>i-
Turbe, it Was left to be recdnMcfddbf^&^SiL^AC-
fetobty •,' aS alfd' Was another 1 Report^ iticefoAA efte
*farhe 'Day'lrbtaf tfieGdrninlfcteeV apposed Jta^wSw
tip; a'Rep!y to ^e Paper iatt^Wfmfttt*fft^^f8iiM>-
• '*nW^,'6PWMfchi asa'DeotbbffirblF M*nljcH' , «Hd
- JufticeWlthV' ftaVititHl* f(^ ! A^ob6i*%iB0«ew&e

""givefi.^ ;f|3 ' iirv i) : '< "*' '•■-■■■•-fn ;r,:;v.* ?-i;,.ln.o c l' /ml)."

?™ SftteeW'SeclforiS, -oY Paragraph's •' It m&fchfewM-
| 1 leSH^ l &#'Paber^wte cbmptiftdibfV'Iftid'eiifc byoolie
: they, aire 5 fef efcdfy; fcohfidered • abkMwl#dg*dyitfp"i&-

lo 3 TRd Dteriraifbrtcbntateetf'lH f1 the ^ is ^*ck!H<*fr-
f ledgfecTtrJ 3 !* a^oWe ©ti'e^siritf worthy *teii?^Mi*dd
-*tty tfie fropfiimiti 1 ? T^^ln^ritiatfoil^ttbeqfett^is
-declared to '^e'h6t only'grb<Ad1eft>bvftaBbl8JUrfoi« ;

the Affembly, inftead of 'bppbflfigUJie^tt^Ary
"Iht'ereftf^HMAgtbttfulted c1u(t- ! lht^ft^««iAnoiT the
• Very Pcflrft ifrQaeftion, • rfitftikPttifctiAmt a«Wlh tteir

'Irttere^ ttt<H*ter* godd tJntfc;rtt&)<#ili& toiefotfcfiflBfcb-
*'y\t \ to obttfih Which/ * 1 Metfi«^ %aT pfidjJ&fedtfnTo
'■'t&e'lnlfffl&ftP'ftrtHtoecFtfr^ SWfe/,-^Pftal Jarrer
y They fiadordered Tti-EiAI '-^OV^efrito gbe'^toVAh-
- TWer w&*eti hie did tb the ffoftntf 'AppHdatksi^itfeey
:;! had no 1 Reafori *o expecV a- v «^/*&*r«rtti^i^/to

themfdves, &?iri It was 5 r^ii&^Hat^fctpi^ioiJs,

when

JAKBS&E4K& 1 05, U%. Pep. §qv«f«ior. i a f

that had been made, are juftifiable in all Cafes^^&epc
hpren^TFrf^l^gppiiffli M w w iu^ ^ i^ ipfal-

Aib^. fight, sor ^^HP^^P^iieawRft! fleafbu :

itben-Hf oprt#ari%s> :{ a& cfatf f Governor^ v t£ ^aft %^flt

^vil&bifei^rges» $he CQihmittfif{^f n T^"^p

Jflfiufe^ id not require their < Goo€r^>u^9n]^,u^m(^

^f>^(^rq^/4fir^^ which was according {9 tywuyp,

dP*a«fa oWf*£ttftiis&ion formerly made ^ faadi cqnlidec-

ing them, as in the fame Paragraph is afterwards don^

bteb^thcfc^^hi^ftr Inhabitants of the .Province* it

'fc^Q^rrund^niafllyj [That fuch their iCJontributiq^s

Wercx^jtrrefere idve^o the Province, in Proportion

:#> ftbete j§pl?Ranjce|in^ jt ; In tbeir Anfwer to .„ thp

vjE^jfif As>? thf yt? ibothk cqpajw with aiadcfomp^ain of a

bwonbynlbf PgP&y **f r the propnftt^iiss and ^ief
sfJayero^siP^^tPi^i^fi^ urging, ^hartl^y did r^bt
aflerr, Purchafes were made directly with the Pepplc's
SMOTtyUflfettf jOnlfarfTfhar^they w<ers ^aa^depa the"
^fnofO fjft&f^^let ( Ij^ms^ r b^Mfc , of the if rqvjpcjpl
^i^ftn^t^lS^iogit^em > and th?t,tj)if w^s ^vanpod
as an additional Reafon why the Proprietaries ftiou^
Aeatf :>*t if a^a 3 p!oppisicHJal Parf pf r . |<hs E*peqce of

,, fcfatH^«f^vfc^Wg /w.t^fiirft PliH«b a^tfcy 4i<M n
zitb^^tdifmm^^fc Tjr?ati« refuking^q .^ Whpjjr,
i airfiWgrQS^g^dQY?»fj^^bpve>, a y$fy "cppQderabJe

3rfi TfOn^^^^r^hjfthf ioriniiate§,,l^^ftheJ?e^ple
ii*te rflbte :jf»$tfgifc jo d p^y : ;thefe Efi^oc^i ^Uhpujt . .the
-otfffi&bicte faf rj&£ &fpp? s ietari&y £h£M 8HH*fo ??<>&< "P -
olbfeg^fyb; lW b^ftyf^t^ey arq ^i;q p?y t , it dejes
wtet J5«**^, t vf h*t? ^^efer^v they are cxWiged to pay
-rtt*jt$iy&f§ <^f%n##<b{bey* 4*q Ff^pnffark^ are as
^^Kr^^lba^v^^^^ ^fri^g, ?Vty that Reafcjn,
ojwixi^3 totya* jHWfo^'VAfi nfltfuffoient^o induce them
; ^jw^fjf^trli jfhpiuWrl^ held of ^eree enough , with

12* An Hiftmical R EV IE W § Sec. f f

the People to induce them to p$y the mh$k&\ &ftff
which they declare the Char;ge ^gainft thfcm iifo$$fi&f
Paragraph of aiming to capriyate the wcafcffcgf Ah?
People, &c. to bean abfolute, Mifiake % u&&p$Qfff$d
with thp leaft Dvgree : of Probjability^ the Pripmt*m%e$
not. having had any formidable jShare in tl^ J'qopte's
Efteem for many Years paft, flor the,XuppQfcd;Ajd--
drefs to the People made, por the Reprefe#t#iop r it-
fclf publifhed, nor even the Votes 09 whicli it was
founded, jtill after the Eleftioa was ovej, &c, s , /

Uppn the feventh, concerning the K^pecjieiicy pf
{hewing a due Regard to the Proprietaries and ibeir
Interejt, they ^comment as follows, 4 That is, , 3s we
underftand it, tho' the Proprietaries have a Deputy
here, fupported by the Province, who, .i?„ or oqght
to be fully empowered tppafs allJLaw^, necqffatyfor
the Service of the Country , yet, before >we can.,$btain
fuch Laws, we muft facilitate their Pajfagt, by
paying Money for the Proprietaries which they ought
to pay ; .or, in fpme other Shape make it their par-
ticular Interest topafs them: We hope, however,
thar, if this Pra&ice has eyer bs^n 'begun it rwiil
never be continued in this Province - 9 and the^finac,
as this very Paragraph allows, we .have #n yiukubttd
'Right to ijjch Laws, we fhall be always able to
obtain /them from the Goqdpefs of our Sqvejsign*
without gQjing to Market for them to a Subject' rr-?
They afterwards expatiate on th£ Word R<wk a&£p*

? lied by the Proprietaries to themfelyes annjthe fefttfc
aragraph; concerning which they fay, : 4 .W^ftOi
4 not find op perufing the Repr^lfentation^ qy^ftioot
4 that it contains any Treatment ^ unfu^abk ^ithtiit
4 Rank. / The, Refolve pf the Hoyfe wa$b<thiSfc/IQ
4 prevent DifTatisfafjtiofiSMon all .Sides, they' f^ojkidjrhe
4 requefted, h in tfye t$oft ; re^fonahk2^;m r^&ffii
4 Manner, to agree ypqn r -aPrppqrfton.of , Ind&ft
4 Charges to be paid by thqin^n^ the Province 4SGQfcd-
4 ing tojuftire: And it pi^y ^be fu broiled to the
4 Judgment.of all impartial P^rfons, whether the Re-
4 prefentation drawn in Pursuance of the Refolve,

4 was

Jamw. ^MiLTbN^ I%q. l>ep. Governor. % *g

^5 nbl*both r^r9Mk^\xk^''W^^feBfl^\Vi tfhi
Metier I It was nb£, m the Proprietaries repreferft
4 ^4t, i anlftddrefs'to the PuMidk. It is not to this Dnjf
^*i*juJp{ L |)Ufelidki lit iras a private Application to
^ ^ihcinfelVfes, transmitted to 'foem thro* the Wjmds df
^ihfk Governor; llteir^«£ Interest '(Which tftcf

* wilh*l#ay$ find to eonfift jinjuft, equiwbte 4 aftd £e-
4 ntfretis Meafare-, and m iecuringthe ^Affe<$fort$ df
c *thei** People;) was confukedin it, 'and* one- fuitablti

* Means propofed tox>btain that End:^As to 'Rdnk,
4 the Proprietaries nray remember, that the *CtoWn
4 hi* tike wife been pleafed to give the AflTetnbMes Sf
4 *his^Pr&vince a Rank ; a Rank which they hold,
V not fy hereditary Dejeent, but as they 'are the volun-
4 c^iy -Cheice df a free People, unbribed, -and even
4 tjnfoUtotted. But -they ate fenfible that true Refpelt
4 i* *ot *«eceflari Jy connected with Rank, and that it
€ h only fr6m aCourfeof Adion fuicableto tliat'Rank

* chey tfarv tio^e to obtain it.'

Coming then to the Eighth* they exprefe their Sur*
jni«e 'ttt ^he^Goncern -afffedted fey thri Proprietaries* on
their beings as* they fay,' laid under a ^J&ceflity of ac T
-quaitkiftg the ^PubJiok with a Scite of the provincial
-Revfctittfc* the <feid 'Revenue btfng arinbally ftttled^
ftit^Jy Sprinted' and puMifhed by the Afftmbly, find
ba^iftg v fo been for thirty 'Years paft : Addihg; 'that
wf,atfcv*f^ fteafons^ the Proprietaries migh t' hiVe jto tMke
9fJjkttet»\>i< their Re venue, thfe Previnfce hkWttq^.^
3Th& Minrter in which rhe Proprietaries tfcafbn C6n*
cefi&tigfTkxes they objeft to in the rieit Pladv as in-
acedfeftp md inconclufive. Afleriitfg^ that fa^es,
h«c^r^fo^ably foever fmpofed or willingly 'paid, are,
MO&ihdtfiti Taxes: That all Taxes 1 ought upon the
vthbie^ tfrdduce more Good to tftofe who pay them, 7
:t^'^Ta^*SMrleft'at their otfn-Dlfpbfal, in which
©dfe^he^are ^o^Burelerv&c; atfd including thus,
c uAfl^efti«atiAgour r Whd}eprefent, Revetiue, as if
*viit fta<&pfce3n the lame-for twenty Yearsvpaft, and
4 -^dilid** fcbrtefmly' » continue, ' tho' the ' Proprietaries
4 >JtUfrW'it ctepeftds on temporary A6ts near expiring,

' * the

I 24 A* Hificrieal. REV IEW, X &c. t

« Expences #,,a,itoajl. Sum^m^m.^m-"-

« , Sum, tfty ,tE<iXv Wd^,fewpai4 ; ^ ,an 4.Y5W*
V9f ; *S^flr]Yea» pair*, ajjid, tbej takcrno^otKg^

* 4$ j¥e#s Mprc, the Reprefent^on, , .# .^nq^cdto

* near twelve bukdred^ Year^ which wCrf^cg^^r/*
« ipterefted ^erfons\mW think a vary larg$^urn^ ( A|nd

* altho'tbp Jame Excife might have . teefyV^fL*.; jf
' not half that: Money had been expended ^".oqm

* not feem to us to follow, that the Jprpjprietafi^

* ought not to have paid their juft Proportion of it.
' . If the Sum be fmall, theif ErojpoftiQfl of it. jintift

* have been fmaller : And the Money: ^J^ejJ tpight

* have been applied to fome pt^er t^^p^e^ewl^to
« the PubJicki or have, r«niainc^>e^dj(,int^|ej^r^a»

'fayfof^^Tgm':.:^ ? .- 1 ,r-i-n i M Jipnijtojc "
In return,^ the j^tf* jjfcy ^ the .Beop|fe<4 p £"

J&fc««M PfiiP^Portiona^f *S myc£ r $^
Support jof his Majelty^ Gqvejj^nu^ii

of Duties. .and Excife, ^af tf»e &ffl{f^ffiJKfrnfx

thcp, ^ifh A , J A ddmg, < Th^ Proj^tartes 3 $$|^«
ijm npt pu^llfhea ri0 ,np*f^t tW p^Mjar^ It
■f was roaoe ufe of as a pjivatt^^i^to^egj^es

K^Y^M^^f^'v^^ /anslaiq ifoiA »
% To * c %%^'eH regards gjf 1^mgffi&*>
among^ o;her h T-^ng? ejjuaM 2 FffFWftotf he^Ay*

foch as the Proprietaries were ^ojK^n^^bjrcfhe
* Purcnafe of Lands; and a Part might be accdrdmg-

r

tq. pep. Governor. {i$

James Hamilton. _

stt^e 2 no J &Kce4rM $r *rdb r }erirleV td'the
She*?* witf eve* be*)(9nW tt v pa& without graie-

^.OP smijfafflhM mm 1 .& *Mvtim, df/Land.

^^^TArh^-^dW* KflahWyYtKey, m An-
fttff^iHe f ^to^^rth3e, wive% fcrfpute ;i ic
fei^fcvfcrr^Wft' Bnifcftve 'aUte;'* 'TWftiofe'm
«« ¥av©W ftftfh »##y was create*, 3 Bught s
« 1 ^ 3 ftaff> r %%ettf°k i ^i l t^ the Ext*n& iretefrkry to

•^ax^ 3 ^!? ihettii' Benefit of k/ -;.■■

bn DaiHW l, &a^fefe : already given the cnkljidjHg five
KtmWJP'&c IWictary Paper in tte Tntire, it is
'r&fonajwi? fo ! mbjoin the inrire Anfwers, which
MfflK^TttWit. ;

Ji lo nouioqori .■..> ..<■ -. ) ■ :

f^iii ft m y mtf& i Paragraph, three Things ap-
<"«#. WwljaiT&fraefalinary to your Committee.
*W?J5^%e&o$#V&m mould deny-that. Treaties
•^faJESlndP'aJ^iiacfe^t' l^fi Expertce;on Account of
provincial Prefects accompanying thWti i Which we

' provincial Prefents accompanying thertl ; Which we
«4ffii^aW°c%Aeftc^ v ,TQdge WouldPit leaflr altow

ta««. m # » they Jhdiild; fay the laft
» c TOcW 5 Ws" 1 WN?Wni ^ ^#,' °biit purely
w K»WfeU^PrbviWHe 1, Expense of a' prevent ; as
^M&W WWRtiMm purchafe titoteXand of
»%fepRM^ teflfifl &' Advantage^ fcf j; that
e # u |iW W°Pui l pya i were notiht Reaper on
^Jfi5&% W WdtiiHai PreifenM *^Wti#tfieth,
I J^n^Btftf^i^Jl J y&nce' m i^cU ur ffieY them-
^thWtithk^ was'the deafer fi?f W&t of
fuch Prefer

?to, f ' WafittWs #tt^cdaflHtf thP Afiertion o'f
WffiJSibly 1 , «feare; thf c^liP^erqtiwre

d;

;, If, Pin-chafes are tffcaTer' VVthe P>o-
& Sib 1 mViftfciai'Mh'ts^aconipany

3feR#P¥&fM XAWdbe* ! tf WiW What ''the
nimooDE ad Jrigirn ni. 1 1, out. , -n>: 1 i > ;)l :

eir thirteenth 1 Paraph that
thVPkrt they voluntarily fub-

* mit

ink to^bcatf, ottufbexpeftr always u», toeaiv «tf pafcKc?.
Expefteefc^is greater ;thdnfiitbeir-Propa«reiqii^ equi-*
tabiy laid, wauld 'amoiint'iiioi^l^dtifivfaftlbqliafid:
they arc, as tbey- feyc,; ^ ^rifkomde^ing 'tOMivJid
canfrifa&ing t& anpLpublk Expmce idbwk it> hxrea-

^ fonabk 1 tbey Jhotdd bear a Pari oj^alt&o^jkeiz Ejiat&is

* mi Ay Law liable tabe-taxed' J 1 your Commititds^are
at a; Loik -to ceM*ceive, why they fhouid ref^fe," ^ T^

& enter into my Agreement for the Paymgikef^ myptar-
* ticutar Proportion of Indian on other paklic -Eupen-

^ i rw," when fbch Agreement might iatvc^them
Money, and is propofed to prevent BifTatisfadians^
and to preferve Union and Harmony between them
and the People ; unlefs it be.tafli£W their litter Con--
tempt of fuch Union and Harmony, arid how
much they are above valuing the Feeple's Re-
gard. ,:'•.:• <>: •. ••:• •
' The Charge omfotmer Aifembjies^ that^hey nig-'
letted the iDefense of the Proprietaries Qtiy+i ypbr*
Committee cannot bud i think unking Mshetr it is*
known to the World, that theygaveitnanf ^ttpkict
Pounds during the War to the Kibg^s ;;lifij9 befixfes
paying hear three ^hmfand^PouAds aroneoTirne* to*
make good the iDaraag£3 dope; to i the /Mafterst -of
Servants,; by the irregular and oppiteflivepifaacecd^
ings of .the. Proprietaries Lieucena&cv ^mifcharthtif
not providing Canmon to defend the City was not

^ from -N^ie5V bur other CjonfidtrariDfti fdt fonth at
large hi the printed Proceedings .of thoft *>Kitos,'
needlefs j^ow to be repeated At the faimerTnne) itf
may be remembered, that tbo' the Defence j&flthe
Proprietaries City, as they are ipleafa! fcfcjBra£|it£
by Batteries 6f Cannon y was more their IntSeft^e*
wiM not fajj Duty) than any, other Perftwis*whaifo«*
ever, and tireymow reprefentrit as :a:Thmgjjfo>fne->
ceffary, yet they themfelvss i really ne^eflafad,c>Snd
even difcoiiraged it; while fome private Gentlemen
gave Sums nearly equal to riiat they mention^ and
many contributed *vafily more, cojofidcring their

*Cir-

jAM2&HXftiLT0NT 9 'Efif. Bep. Governor, tiy

S ,<3brqt>iiaft anor S, by which rteans diofe Batteries mrx€
*- noo pnly coni pleated ;in Seafoo, but the Defence of
^b«fe>Tai?»aiid Country m that 'Way provided for ;
«r irhereas this boafted* ^ ffiftance of four Jbtmdred
Q -z Pounds worth of Cannon, #a& fen*, like v Venetian
Vv8u6^urt»sflftdr the Wtf& were over. Yet we doubt
*n80**nbut the Proprietary who fent t;hem has long

* office h*k the Thanks of thofe who received them,"

* thvr we cannot fearn that they ever were favoured
*-<with\any from hrm, for what they did and expend*
•"rtbdEj ire Defence of his Share of the Province Pro^

* petty.? -

f 14^ The fourteenth Paragraph of the Proprieta-

* vrids 'Anfwcr feetns calculated merely for the famd

4 - J9efigri^iith which they charge the Reprefentation;

4 viz. to amufe the weaker Part of the People.. — If

4 :^y ^afteardally difpofed to favour the Drinkers of

*! ^ptTimt)US Liquors, they may do it without a Law^

4 iby ittftfudiag their Lieutenants to abate Half the

Iv&^eiK^ r£ees* whicfe woirid fenable the Retailers to

\^mpr^p6itii0mblj cheaper.; or to refufe Licences

otcpnaiSfte^thaf* half the prefent Nutaber of publid

^iaHoufeti/whichi m^ht prevent the Rkrin of mw\f

^Families, aftd the great Ihcreafe of Idleness, Drun-

S ikfemxeft; -and other famfctraiitiAs among us.

i&^riitgl ft Rj^rar^rthegodd Refolutions cxprefled
?bf\tlit Ftoj^rietaties in their > fifteenth Section, your
rCkAnftittCfeJhoipe &at future^ as well as paft Affem-
rWft^^witl dikewife endeavour to i make' the public
lGiytd tote Ririe of th^ir Actions, arid upon all Oc-
^Iteftbfcimfute t&e< true Inocreft arid : Honour of the
<$tooj3fria&aF^ family, whatever vmi^ be the Sewti-
9to«litsgjriO>nriud of any of its partioiriar Branches.
^o.fjto.IBtw^v !^e (think the hont ft and free Re-
tafcdrtwa&nrai^r inrtthis^ iRfeport, may be move con-
>fduqfWitjbflpn a thDQifand iiktccTing Addreffes. And
. mate ^i^^BlMt^h€n.>th(ar Proprietaries ihafl think
I *t© tb reconfider this Matter, they will be perfuaded^

4 v.\vax.

Ml

128 An Hi/imcal R E V IE ff 9

that agreeing to an equitable Propbrt^^f^^-
pence will be a good Mear*s of taldiigli^a^bnp
Handle of Difierition from " Men of warrtf'u&a^
Spirits, if fuch fliould ever unhappily procvifc tfct£n}-
felvestobeele&ed." * ' / • *** .

c j 6. Yet if the Proprietaries are reajly jjj^^us
of preferring an Union and Harmony u fye£ ween
themfelves and this People, We cannot butt&^fur-
prizrd atthurlaft Paragraph, whereby thiy^Ad^-
vour to cut off the Affemblies Acceft to ih^nV w
Cafes where the Anfwers received from t{^ De-
puties may not be thought agreeable to tlfe j^Bcr
Good. No King of England, as we cati^e^teWl-
ber, has ever taken on hirtifelf fuch Stater as°tb re-
fufe perfonal Applications from the meai^j^^^s
Subjects, where the Redrefs of a GrieWAce^^ild
not be obtained of his Officers. Ev^n^ditiins,
Sophies, and other Eafteta abfdi&te MofiirchyS^HL
it /is faid/ foretimes fit whole Dafs to'.tfcar :rhe

Complaints and Petitions of ;tT\eirirery Stiti?^- aBd
are the Proprietaries of Perifyfoatia, ,bitd
great to be addrefied \?y the Keprefemath^
Freemen of their Province ? It they tiwt\wSt%e

, reafoned with, , becaufe they halve givenlfimpSabtiSy
OQr their Deputy becaufe he has receive£\Widi our
Meetings and Deliberations tfre he^ef6rjffi1ilay| •
^ve have only to know their Willi' and WbWjL^ n ."
** To conclude-, if this 4 Province itiull^^li/ffi'
tijan two^thoufapd Pounds a Year E3n3tf£t*6[
pprt a Proprietary's Peputy, who IhaTPhirbfe
berty to qle his own Judgment ^^inpdfltolj?
is intimated tp us in the fouritedn^h ^316^"
Anfwer we have been cdrtfldei&g] 3 But ftj
muft be obtaia'd from chief GoV^ntii-sK,
thoufand Miles diflaiic^ dtferi igSlW
formed in our Affairs; Ara Who %ul heft 1
to or reafoned with wti£n~tfi^ liiv£ gf&Jift
tions, we cannot but eftee^Vnpre tdldSS^

. under the immediate Cart oC the CrdWt

m

fed

><*

fiPire

tnore

m

'J <-!,

Jams* Hamilton, ^/y. Dep. Governor.^ 1 29

[b^.gitujifl^n: And our fincere, Regard

L " ""' of'pjur firjjt Proprietary, muft make

ieqa iQ^'lus" Children, 'that if they follow

ikoboam*% Counfellprs, they wiU,

1, abfoktfely iofe— —-at lead the Affe6tfoqs

^rPeopIjJ. ALofs, which however they af-

•at&TpiieJl ^ijl t>e found of more Confequence

^rix than they feem at prefent to be aware of/

|j|ieAij^n>$Jy returned in Oftober* for the Kcmaui-

Year 1753 and to laft till October 1754,

(ed of nearly the fame Perfons as the ja(t,

11 or J^nKi Difpofition, and proceeded on t^e

Jiky^y^ffjent Currtny was, as we have feen,

^^I^Tipcial Point; and from the Fads already

^§ • ,fi|Mciently clear, that the Proprietary*

" (therewi^ was not to be obtained, but

as even Silver and Gold could never

an-pjfUej which was in the Hands

mjWYj^Fa^ftill confider'd as an over-Bal-

hejJy^-Q^'^ in the Hands of the Pro-

bdC^<^ ^nevpr came into Competition,

* ~ '^~cppl<l any Way refult to the Province,

ittfZM werefure to hfive tfieir Share of it.

our^gem^Dt the near Ptofpe<5t of a War

)^C ^jitbejr j^ apd what Ufe wai made of if ;

^oor $>e jQbftru&idns given to the pub-

^Cfftffe, t0 ..bc^JUjW,. will bett b^ deduce^ from

JPW.

Migration of the State of .their Cotp-

jic^miilat^d Proofs refusing there-

( t^^J^cr^fe . of ,tfi?ir Currency, the

iWSf^b ^M$ ^X tpportations /rom

1 M }$*$?§ pf tjicir own product,

. m^reaied, tft^ffembto ppened their

; and, taking; in alfo the

,™ p,n«> itIl :J camc to

i i f/ /ui2 ^ c iff^? ] >S the Paper- Money, of
iwfncc mould oe rc^etnitted for a farther Time.

I6ste^2f^i^ L""'- :

li- J J I

150 An Hijtorical R-£FJ..E^^ i:

4 That there is a Neceffity of t a farther

:' to the Paper Money at prefen^.. current 7 by.[L^

' within this Province. \. r"\ -nnivoi'l

V v That the*? is a Neceflity, . that a Sum fHqv&di ty§

V'ftruck to exchange the ragged and torn Bill^-n^

-* current by Law in this Province/ ' V<

Upon whi^lv Refoiutions, they aftetwai^ds , ; jj>fa

dered in a Bill for ftriking 40,000 /. to be mack- jQijr-

• rent affd emitted on Loan, and for re-emiijiffig an^
continuing the Currency of the Bills already ia Qifc
cularion : And on the other Hand, the Goy&n&v

• fent them down a written Meflage, accompanied } wi{|i}
a Letter to himfelf from the Earl (xi Holdern^fe^.d.
fecond from the Lord* of Trade, and a third trQm :
the French Commandant on the Ohio to Mr. Q\nwld~
die, Deputy Governor of Virginia. ' . s , :c ^n

The* Earl, of Holdernejfe's Letter was dated, ^#5$.
28, 1 753 : And, as it may be prefumed, was Pf^fkf *
the fame with the other Letters, fent at the faros T#pp rJ
to the Governors of the other Provinces , -,,, fn .., l( ,.*..«,

The Contents of it were, ** That his M^jj^yjhav^ .
ing received Information o£ the IS^airch p£ 4 foi$<jte-
rable Number of Indians, fupported byfomtegpl^J&y
'ropeati Troops, with an Intenticfti r a$ it was a^pyfie^de^
tp commit fomt Hoftilities on Parts of his ^aJe(ty ; '$Y
Dominions in America, his Lprdihip had r^x^iy^ ifi^-
King's Commands to fend him (the Go^fwo^)-^^^-
» ligence thereof; as alfo to diredt him, to ufpjhi£iU£ t ,;
n^ft Diligence to learn how faf the fame^ijjigjit^j
well grounded > and to put him ugon.Jiis.G^d^jt^^
h^ might t?e atall Events, in a Cwd;tipqip^^ft^^ n

• hoftile Attempts, that might be rn^de .uf^n^^^r/^o

• of his Majefty's Dominions within!^;(^p^rQpief>f^-j 3

and to dired him, in the Kingfjs $ a fPfo ;}Ti&ffM#!fiq

the Siibje&s of any foreign Prince, c^.^^a^^o^drn

prefumeio make any Encrp?ifihi^(^ ^
< his^Majefty's Dominions,. or po^re£t FQ^^pJ^rs.^^^;/

jetty's' Lands, or cp mm it any other A(5t f of ^o/lUijq^Q
"he was immediately to represent the Iiy^fticp5>f fuch^/j

Proceedings,, and to require, the no forthwith tacjqijft ;*
*tfn nny fuch unlawful Undertaking: But if, not-

Jami^ Uxi^iLVb^, Efq. Dep. Governor. 131

vm^arfdirig fiidh ;R[^Wfiti^m Aey fhouid^ftifl per-
lft^M ( Wai^ <hentci draw forth the armed force of the
rovince, and to ufe hisbeft Endeavours to rejpel Force
j? Pittt&J' But & it was his Majefty's Determination,
md^ the Aggfrfir; he had the Kin^s Commands
oft ftriclly to enjoin htm, the faid Governor; »0/. to
Mke %rft? fef the Armed Fotct under hi* Direftbn, ex-
e!£fttng x #kfiih the undoubted Limits of his Majef-
EtohifmonS. And that, whereas it blight be
Xf ctjridDcivte t6 his Majefty** Service, that all
f^P&Vihccs in America IhoUld be aiding^nd ilMing
iWp^i^riti [ c&fe of any Invafibn, he had it particu-
irlyWeharge ffbmhis Majefty to acquaint him; that
l i mkhWtQy*\ Will and Fleafure, that he Ihould
cfej^t^ *an ' exaft Correfpondence with all his Gover-
nors on the Continent; ind that in cafe he lhould be
Alb^ecfc J B£ thenv of any hoftile Attempts, he was
ftriiddtetely < to affemUe the General JJfembfy, and lay
eftft^tftStf the Nfete^ty of hiutnal Afiiftance, and
ngage them tbgraftiftich Supplies, as the Exigency.
^«1^^1ghtr^ik ,,

" ^m°lJtttd: 'fttttk [ tti£ kotfe bf JteAe, was dated
" tifi&W afcd ! hiipafcted,' "That hh Majefty
r j-^b&to^ |ridaftd' to order a Sum of Money to be
te&ybiferhftFte to the Si* Nations Qf Indian's, arid
^Tito^l ©overhor of New-Tork to hold an In- *
M#Cv«tmhem, for delivering the forfre, for bur^-
tf^Kfef^Hdidiki'iHd forrcnewing the Covenant Chain,
^fettflgflt-'it tHeir Duty tofigriify the fartie:
iKteWrr^ beeh lifbal upowthe ijke Ocraflops foi-- *
^^^ll^k^Majefty's Colohies, Whofe Interbfl ,
^f^S^We vcbrihe^ted with Or depended upotf
wA^&iti ffitli ; Interview V and that, as' thd
icibfl ; 6f tltofe Ttidiani and the Atterripts'
icrift 1 tb ^itftdraHr tfyem'frtim xhc Bruijb '
^pi^rtbt^eh^tdmake fuch a general Inrer-
^n^^^ftftiriariyiteceffary at that Time, their
^fiifit]i$, ^tittt^hei the Governor* would lay this
fcfeftJK 1 ^ General Aflembly ofr

#&6?ffi'def his Government, and recommend

tlUZf

13a An Hijhmal £ %mMWW*ei a £

to them forthwith, to m^ke a proper Provifipp fpr ap-
pointing Conprnifftoner** tCKbe joined wiih A^oJ^
the other Governments, fop ^qiewing the C(^YI»aq{
Chain, &rc« and that the fa$ Coma^ilTion^ ( piig|
^ Men of Qh^a<3ier, AbUity, Integrity, ^ ? w
Acquainted with .fiufcui Affairs/' v . .

The Letter of the French Commandant was in Ah-
fwer to i the Rtpwfentations of Governor Vi?middie>
^ncwning.fhe Fremb Incroachmeht$ <>n the,Q#^
(for th$ European Regulars mentioned in Lord tfoufa-
ptfe's i^i^rs^ were of that Nation* tho' ij^ipuck
Cautioi* bad been ujfed to fupprefs the vtrj, N^mXvsA
in very polite Terms denyed the whole Change.

In the Governor's written Meflage accompanying
ihefe Papers, fomething was faid of each ; and of the
laft rather more (whatever the Matter of Jfy^rqally
was) than it feems to contain., The Fnnch ,£<*?&-
mandant fays, 4< It belongs tp hi$ General ap Ganqd<h
not to him, to demonftrate tbp Realjtj^ of the King
his Mater'? Right tp the tfand* fit^t^^lq^the
Qhio : That he fliall forward the Letter be^iaa fi &&?<&
to him: Th^t his A^wer w§uld be, a Law ;^lyjm:
Tha£ as to the Requisition made ta him ? to s^W* be
couW ?pt think, hitnfelf obliged to fybnyt tp it: ^fhat
he was the#e h# bis General'* Orders ^hjch^ 1$. , jwas
^eteijmir^ to, obey : That he did not know of any
Thing that had paffed during the Gampaigp* , winch
wuJd bepftcfj^ an Hoftilit^
had been mprc particular in hisConiplain^^^d
been rnprs p^ftfcqlar in.his Ansfwer* ..^c^.H t;na ^s

The (Soyerflor's Comiwent i$ in thefe .iW^Wftll^ 11

* Esppefc &y <t$?: Week brpnght^ej Kijijr j$*>

* wife's : fecmptp£< liiae (Swelfiifljui^

* Returp^wj^t the Aniwer pf the Cp^i^^^frqie

1 m& deel^i^s Jjis Order* %r* ? tbev J^fci f^f mfj^*

* are, to build more FortfVJt^ Pp|fei$io^

c Country, and ppjwfeall w^p j^^ Vfft^ : -Ef^fi^as

c well as Indians* and that he wilt cmain^ execute
4 tbefc Orders as early as the Seafon wuf permit.*

< ' . '?. • It

Jam2& HaWltow, Bfq. Dap. Governor. 13}

:WS4 %^W, "at «i«,^Hii Language was never e-
&6W& ! l¥6me: -ifii And ; hot * little extraordinary It
!fi, B Wfirfd HtisGtfntle&ar* in his very next Paragraph;

ubBL^ij i jf--^', fi a ^«th; tne F«»^ Name, whicl*
tarjr 1 of State v rfad beeri fo extremely careful
to avoid the Mention of, ; ^ ■ .•■• ..-. ,

* st J^e¥i&rrien 1 (he proceeds to fay) trend F^rts ahj
^W^ AWieS fo r naff Us, will be evrirfaffing Goad*
*'tt*ailJi , 1SweSi biir Inhabitants from tfieaee will feel
paftfi^^feries and dreadful Calamities t&t h*v*
lan oe«¥fie'retfo;fore fufiered by our Neighbour Colonies •,
' all tfiSfef 'Outrages, Murders, Rapines and Cruel-
^iSS^^to °wfiich theif People have been expofed, are
^no^'jjfoing to be experienced by ourfelves, unlefs
^^MPWBb 'be 'iiftrftedia'tely raifed fufficient to repel
^flhew'fiJvaders 1 . ? It ftrtti'be Hoped therefore, that as
* ! gf»S6bjisffiite',^ Mattfty, and in Juftice to your
§"€!o3nlryY fob wtH'ntft^ail to take into your Confi-
f \»ra«oiP^ne J pr^ht ; Ex1gency ! of Affairs | and, as
^IP^l^riearierSfed with 1 i very confiderable Ex-
«p%n1ce, w sihd ^etfoW^farge Number of Men, make
s * tfWffioii aecordlfig|y, r ^hat I may be enabled to do
3 ^wh^hr^ Ma^BfyV aV ^well as the neJghbourtng Co-
* OT loJifesi i: w1ll exp^cVfrorii z Governmenffb populous,
WWf tb'bfc fo 'he#ly afFeftedwtth the N^igh-

~ "ueWPWr-ibhs, he farther %!fbfmk the

'if Ihe GoWnofs of Wr$M\ m*-nrk t

to^tod made a Teridfeg oftlfclr Af-

ProVlntei and expreuWatif 'earneft De-

WM^ Cahctyt wlfn It : InrbrteheNeceffity.

' 'mibiPofm the ProvlnfceSboth inCoun-

i itomrrtertds tfte l} A i ppbihtrherit of

6rf# Wfe iri &WM of iYtt Province

iS»i uWtM ,; OM> »'-A "jUfcf the Prepa-

_._ J$ fbFbcl&r regulating die Indian

& ma^tk&QtiteWih the following -Stimula-

X * * Gen-

}° s m >

\n\

»l

KlllM>.

134 ■"■<*: Mijlorichl R E V J: E\ W$ lfcff.i u a [

c Gentlemen, ■ • - O : "" /r;i - r - .85ii1A

* There is fo much to be dpne, and fo jittle

* to do it in, the Seafon being fo fajr advanced, 3fl^

* ver nor Dinwiddie expecting the Forces : $o^:"£bis
4 Province to join thofe of Virginia* early in $arih %

* on PotowTttack, that I mod earneftly entreat ypu
•. will not delay the Supplies, nor deal them pi^vrith

* a Tparing Hand, but ufe all the Expedition yi^pwis
1 Power - f for you will undoubtedly agree wit^ijje*
4 that fo alarming an Occafion ha$ not occurred ijqce,
c the firft Settlement of the Province, nor anyone
c Thing happened that fo much deferves youj: feriojus

* Attention.* , '." ! ., -

A Treaty with the Ohio Indians, it is to;; foe ;:)$>*
ferved, had been juft concluded at the Expence o£
the Province,, by three Comn)iffioner$.; pw,q pf u ?Jif m
fek&ed out of tfie Aflembly by>{he Gov^fiwjrArAP^
the Neceffity of regulating the I^iatiTj^t (hz&i'vkk
the Co^rfe of u .the Cpnfefenc£s 9 , been n?*4q i^deflia^
bly apparent, , by the Reprefe^tatfpns, #nd: Cojspkj&ts,
of the Indian Chiefs. . , , - ,, ' .... ...^ ,-.. ,.f;r il3Vu ;)

■;; And the 5 Rfifljdej; yrill of ftimfelf be, furni/h^j^;^
proper KefledtijOps on the, Earl q( ffoI4ern$tf&^<^
ters to the Gpyernprs of the Teveral Pr$vjnfie& A#>h
pofing the double, Care upopr thenvq^ ^pf£p$ngj
themfelyes ag#inft t^eEncroHchrnepts pjf \thf)$^my&-
3*>d alfo ag^ft ^li Objedipns at JHptp^, jjp Q$fp$&
doing it improperly,— To % ( Nothing, pf j%{pi£j^
liar/DifficuJtyiJ^jd both on the froyince and Gpjfjyflfir)
of Pen/il'varna* where there ; pey^r hacj b^WtyW^&
Forqe on t provincial Eftabliijhm^t #t.<aU ? r t 03 yjfi '
The Alfepiblyi ^qok th^.w^ip^i^PfiffirpefJia^^-^
f;deratiop,r m^ agreed upqn thfo fellpwipg^nfa^,-

vh,ich wag, fenfvp tq the Qwtxwr ^e/w^p^.-^

jAMs&HA'tiftifrdrf^ &fq* Dep. Governor. 135

- * 'The diftrefled Circumftances of the Indians^ our
c Allies, on the River Ohio^ demand our clqfeft At-

* tentio^ and we lhall not fail to proceed in the Mat-
* C T^A » Vontained in the Governor's Meflage with all

\& t>ilpatch ari Affair of fo much Jmporrartce will
l^ijt' bf, in which we doubt not to comply with
S^ifcWmr Thing that can be re^fonably expe&ed on our

^^fti'ihe mean Time, having fome Days firtce pre-
* l2 §&$& a Bill, which we cohce\ve abfolutely necefl^ry,
^'nqt;6nly to the Trade and Welfare of this Province*

* jbotitfy the Support of Government, upon the Sue-
^fae&ttf Which our Deliberations, at this Time, muft
fjrf^g&sU Mfcafure depend ; we now lay it Before

* him as a Bill of the utmoft Importance, and to which.
4 we unanimoufly requeft he would be pleafed to give
«4*is2tat/

lo :on->qy..t

^FijuMJiyd the Governor and his Council employed
fe^^nfia^ri^g^whatReturn (hould be made to it; or,
rifchei^fh leeching out fuch an Expedient as fhould
fertfeiftai Pi^ivJnee ihto the Meafuies of the Proprie-
/*tevi Wve!^/ by [ thefr Refufel embroil them with the
Government,— In his very firft Paragraph, he gave an
■ ibfejui^^gative to their Bill : He told' them, that
tfc^i^dl^ of their prefent Funds was greatly more
tKSA feffititfnifforthe Support of Govertehent : That
&%$*d to find them better >Subje^-ttHh» Majefty,'
afiM^f^tfferLbvers to their Country ^ than f ta make
Jww&fttf ctfodrBUH in which he and they had an
oprfiRf^b^tctjiidge far themfelves, the Kule of their
t»»aW&^ bfiis If 5 however,' (^britintiedOhe) ' you
^fl^fld^e^r^Opiriibtt, that there : witt be a-Necef-
i fitv to ftrfea ftrth# : Stan m 8M9* of Credit to
u «W^tk^Chifges;bf wifmg Supplies' for his Ma-
f^^lSiS^Wce^iri this Time of -ihknirtienc : 'Danger,
him Wlt'create^ prt^t^nd or Fimds lor finking

I r the fame in a few Years, I wilT concur with you ia
!..g^fingaLawfor that Purpofe, thinking myfelf fuft

* >>T K 4 ' ficiently

L£j£3 %4r*'

c

136.' Jh ffiftorital k E V T E WJhstP^l

* "ftciently warranted fo to do, in Cafes of reSPBraf^
•'gehcy. ° ^dflnal

r « And now, Gentlemen, I hope you wl$ J ii[p^tffttf>
Confideration, be df Qfrinwh wittftrfe, 'ffiatefcP
cliief End oTydtir Bill wiir b¥ toSreby^ln & grBaf*
fcr Meafiire, anfwered, as the Sum to be '&&&**&&
«' circulated upon this Occafion, will be fuc#aW&tf^
* v dinon tb '^ourprefcnt Currency, as probabtyJSSa^
« be thought Efficiently for fome Time.'- : ,b bluom-
- The AffemMy alfo, in their Turn, cook a f^fflcife^
Time for Deliberation : And, having touchetPoW^
fanufual Manner, in which the Governor^ ft^bfeea
pleafed to reject their Bill, and afibmed hiatii M&fe
to themfelves, in not fufFering any feparate ^Intffrfefts
of their own to interfere with the commot(PG#o&2
Obferv'd, there was fome : -Difference bfeiweal tftj
Royal Orders and the Governor'sMahner of tepMSefiSK-*
ingthem; cliofe therefore to adhere to Ae^orttieV- 1
Availed themfe'lves moft prudently and fenfibty of th4
Cautions fo eircumftaritially Mcon^nehdicV^^olrt-
forced in the^m, more efpecially- cc^rtiiftjjf'the'**-
dbuhfed 'LifoiMi -and the Rejlrmions thereupon 'tftafc
Tiis Majefty may not be rendered the Aggreflb^;' J Said
ft would be highly prefumptutJus in them foja^ge* of
ttiofe undoubted Limits : That tntttatfof Beftj^caHecl
tjpon'to reRftatiy'hoftile Attempt mdde upon anyl**it 6f
'Ptitfyfoania,ilii*y were caHetf upon tbgfehr/lbcli'lffebri-
•pfy as mlg^e enable the Governor to raife fefir&s^ be
4e*dy to join thofe of Virginia* That, therefc^^heV
hoped the Governor, under thefe €hx:u^i(farie& * w^la
.concur whhthem, that the me*pVu&fetP«rt 1 fol ii afem
Would be to -Wait-the Refult f -of°th<* QoVeiWlnlihi of

mwS<M?r.ac
Colo-
nies', thb'^heilevei'al G6verrib^,%^ , urf&iW^^tfie
Wtigi Cottimarid,- had macie l tfie'h«gflait *t^fctf-
Vm of their ievferal AiTembKeSi^dithfi^'-w^^e^dafiy
•bound by airihe'lies ofgeiiMMrAeT-<H¥. Th^'ilfo
tfrperadded the Regard- ctoetfiP^hS Seru^ftUof^ofe

> con-

2Att%$£ljMfiZt'fp$, ?fiM- .Dep,; Governor. 137

£*tfei9WS^R) pp^ipjed ^gainft War, yet deeper
jbn&ble of the Blefllngs they enjoyed, and willing x&
Gmm^&fi^q&vw^nd Loyaky r) by< giving fuch
Q fi fpf^f^ Sums , qf M*ney< for tb* King's Uie, as,
taigfo fee rcafonably e»pc&$d from fo young a Colony :
'Jw^l^j^e they had rontradc.d a Debt oS Fourteen
hj&qh&unds for Prefcots to the Indians? and other
Gtajg^&M*&g from" the lace Treaty, which they
mould chearfully difcharge, though their Proprietaries
)^:>fltfsif£d to contribute any Part of their iair*»
&U>fi0Cpi^ Agreed to fend Commiffioncrs to Albany t
l%^q^ped, though the Place was fo remote, and to
4)fa# d^ c fcxpenc?, &c. &c
t^S^fhP^^H^Y thus retorted 00 the Governor, and
fejfc&gjfcp^Rent it mu& be fuppofed quickened there-
by* fy frfot up the Minutes of the laft Day's Stf-
fi^jpf the laft Affembly, and under the Pretence of
ju^^yig tus owa Charadcr, revives the old Con-
WJ^^^pnceFi^ogth^Papep Money Inftrudions, by
^ijogg^ij^ angry Paper Tent to the Houfc March n
-A^r^prgpttin^ wMt he had formerly faid in the fol*
i^i^l^-^graph, c I do not blame you, Gentlemen*
ft jfgr contending tor what you are perfuaded are your
foS^tean^ Privileges, and confequencly, can nave
fcj(ftQJ^oSbg>n t^oyour examining the Validity of the
US^^;teftf^^iPB| , flames out asfQll^f^ < H*d
jigjbf ^40 Enemy to the Liberties and Privileges -pf
wfaPi^fy or JW^defirous of gf^fying my own
,at their Expcnce, it muft be confeffed you
e^nW^d jne with the faireft OccaGon a Go-
rfi^ii^p d^ have wifhed for.

U l)«*^9wirtc \ jonJi^ve voted a Claufe, propofed
&to&h*4#^ *# yo^'BiH t>y tis >A4g|gfty'ft exprefs
4fi^§$&§*» :?«>ic>|c .fteqyeft of his two Houfes $f
A%Wfl9^-^ to the liberties of the

^jpffe ^rArPfflviscfc.-^P^ and have even thre*-
^yjffMtoq^^ of the King's Inftrqp

ofttf^M 4 ^ by asfcifeveraiice ia my Opinion, I laid
afeiP%*^ doing fa*- What is this

rim.:.

■ J j 8 . ■ ,A* mpomal R & V I E- m, ' Seo." I "

Vlcfs than declaring, thaft thd Lords and Coftfapofis*
c .and his Majcfty 's^ Privy-Council, confiding? im6»$j
* otber$, oi the molt eminent; Lawyers <iw Gr&p*
% .Rriiain* have- requeued, -and his Majefty wjbfinedj
V ^ian< Aft dir<i£Uy contrary ton Law iP : i »;• U'lL?'b>i
j And h^ concludes with making a 'M^rittOjtfae^Rro^
vipcoof ih^e Mmiorarion he.hadihcwn, in^upptfeflfo^r
bis Senfc Of theiPrQVQc'adoDS then offered co frith, ?iri
Jtiftpas <$f a ;mc»e difpaffianate Behaviour J fort ihd
futwe. <>: ..'.r. ;•■■ ; .. ■■. v- - ' // -ibri-;

/♦-The very <i»e:rt Day this Paper was foliowed iby
another mocc :itnmed ately in Point: Tlra Gov£r«
nor, therein, undertaking firft to defend his Npgatr&e
and riie ■» Ufe he had made of it ; and, fecGfrdky* ib
to turn the Tables on the AiTembly, . that": alhthff
Wrong fliould.be on their Side, and all the Right put
bis own. . , .., : U:o

. T he Ufe made of the different Language rufed by*
the Secretary of State and fain7,;;he calls an £i8ijk&p
and wbat they/ ought not, in Point of Datyv to; have;
taken any Advantage of. He then <Jtxt*w?fci he^ihas,
undouhed Affurmct, Thar Part of his. Majc%V\Dete
n^iaionjsj IwUhin his Govern ooicni? was v at,thac:Tura^
ia^adedi^y^hb.Subj^ds ofi. a foreign Prince^ .< fthoflia<ft
ticked ", Forts wkhin the :fame^' and requites tbroteto*
t$k$ No^Qe,iiThat he did then call aiponcthe«nf^|>ar^
fuaat tax hisiMajefty'si Orders;, in - cfie prefect, Emer-i
gericy* ;tor grpnt( fiach Supplies as might enabte ihiin$bi
draw.: fojtth i*he armtdt Eane\of the Provinc^^a'-^
jyte th«nuncfcrtoQk to prove, Tbafc tfeeuBlaeeaiiiiteri
t|ae Mr&ifcjh had i then, tteb HeadfQaarter* wife wfcbiiffc
t^$&u&it$6f tie Pnovince* ajiditdis tbem,<.:$hBftri$4T©i
d^,n{>:t;£x^ before /caiad&ftj dihelF/

Enquiries into thit?Fafty\Ta'ffldfebdc>ha^ithb]papgiie&^
tO(hwfof.th^rfi:rvThatrif ^ theyihudeiiquireditotiiflWi-'
felye$\and iupprefifed die TruthyitDwaa iexu»mcdy difkr
ing£na$U$ y ifenoi4r^eb?,Ifeglddt xouiddb^imfkrt«*\
to ho other Caufo than a Defire to have a plau-'
%le Exc^fe forgot paying a. proper &egafdht€h?lfte
Myefty's Commands ; That ever* on Account M the *

Scxu^les

r

Jame£ Hamilt6k> Efq. Dtep, Governor. fg£

^trtttptarufrged, he had looked on Governor Dirrwid-
d«frnReqmfition;as arvery lucky Circutflftance ; fec-
-lagfuThat aKaquifition/from himfelf wduld have fet
fbenBroyinde in/the iFbont of the Oppofition ; and k
Rcfufal from them,' wiuljd hatfe expofed it to thd
CmHtoiijprand Berifion, as well of the Frenches our
imi&mc&liies : Tiiat.as>£hefr*0f& a^ow theft Hofrlffc
ties, 6> t be Indians, menaced by thetav tnoft carneftl^
tefoligfct ? us, to build j Places of Rtfugo, fc© whidt
• their ' Wives and Children might repair for Safety^
qtiA klfotd affiil them againft their Enemies^ That,
mftead) of ! being governed by the Example of tftfc
©rigbbotiring Colonies, nothing remained but to give
tfee itffceffary Sopplies and thereby fet the Example to
thbmv this Province having been firft invaded and con->
fcquemlyin the moft immediate Danger: That with-
out this, they could neither keep their Treaties-' with
thi Indians ) nor demonftrate their Duty and Loyalty to
bis Maj^ftyi That, having how done his Duty, what-
erariiii Confequences might happen, were to belaid
at tiheirt Door : Thati, f with Regard ta the Refafatof
&&TPf$fikiit&iie*ii\tQ contribute any Parr of their In-
$kk Expenses* u? wastry they had refufed to do it
ibsthorl Manner 'expected*; and they had? givfcn theif
fteafons: But that the Propofal made by him, the*
Gtntf roor^' ibyr tjieibf; Ordeif, ift the Yiar, 1 750 and
^7^^lin:rRiegard torthe buHding' a rfltbng Tfdditog'
Hf>ofeineiah;ribe*Piacechen i in varied ahfrpofiefied by
ti&E&nck* >cbuld.inotbe forgot;* which genetow Offer 9 '
tadithe sArflttnMy thought fit to clofe witfe/ tftmighv
afaid5feaail^Expcnce^vhfc«e.prerrented illithe Mifcbiefii?
iw^ibtfdg^rand 1 fceuifedF a Countty *& i^t BHghS^ -
vtfadh ffrStaabby mighai not be ^r^bver^whrtK^atahea^y
Cfatfgqai^rWifedELafr^rnany Mttefi^ ( ^ - -^ - -
-ftfotericdrl AejHoifcilities.bomm&iled toy r the Ftmcb
w&b ^temrccir* )notvcoramimid v withih the Bounds of >
ito^wii^db^fl^e Jth^gfjeac QueftTOm^TJhe Afc

-U«ilq £ svr.ii 03 3iil'jC£ •., ■■i: . i.t vuj/J '•->.-;:. ' *v: '^
HMSdi3^^^1^'?UitH^ tb-this Cha^e fecrfeif^, Th the

■ *~-*~ 7 - \emoVj

X

■j«3a£»fc--.

ftmbty wiled for Evidtenfee ; fhe Gbverno^ ^i?lfed
all he could 5 colfe<ft ; and; afters Rrfft E*At^da«bn
of the Frefttffes, the Aflembfy £hdfe only ^^l&fke
at the TnfiartiftiatoHes throftri tri! their Way/>jBdf^to
profefs their Re&dinefe to coricufr with the G^ewjbf
in whatever mrgjht preferve * the Harmony Jkt#efen
the fevirat B^tetkes of the Legiflature, fo • hecefl&ry
at ^11 Titties and efpeciaHy at a Crifis fo irttpdftaht^
fo far as the Prefervation of their Rights aii(t r the
Duty they owed their Conftkuents would patoit.
Not departing* however, from their former Sentfe
ments, nor admitting any one of the Aftfcfes r fcfld
againft then* 5 but, on the contrary, maineairting*
That the Secretary of Staters Letter could be the
only Rule 6f their Conduit ; and tacitly upbfraSdifig
the Governor for having fuddenly altered thcpwhdfe
Connexion between Penjyhama and Virgtnta y in Geto^
fcquence of fuch fuppofed IVlifeondua: of theiWr^M
concluding their Replication in thefe Wofd^V J * As
V Governor Din&iddie hadlaid before his Afl^fl^y
4 the Earl of fieldernefffs Letter, fent* as WepWfttoie,
4 in^he-fi^e Terms to all the Coldhies cmtl^Cc**-

* tineBt, *e judged it moft ^ruddnt ib waft ^tiH°t8e
14J Affetably of that Governteent had enaWddPhitto tb

c a<^itt Obedience tb the Royal Commands, il|«ei-

* ally as-t4ie^4iad that letter tinder thefr GdiifWefiU
4 tiqh* ft^^taJB/ft of November laft, as apjiears %

* the Jatfrtfslof their Hotrie of Burgeffes no* tfe-
•* fere uss4 km **e are noto cafled upon a6 wMipa&i

4 and- the Governor is pleafed to inforrft *rsi ;r ^aS4ie
(* -h» uMoujbt^l Affurance, that Paft^of HJsWajSftPs

* Ektoifcter& within this Government i5 3 at^«¥Tifec

- ^ktfra&tf%y the SuhgeAs df * » foreign* P>ft^<4BRo

4 have iYt&<& Fdrts wi tfhit^ the faiftei 4aa J c$fl«%£dn

* us,' pttffi&ant^o Ms Majef^s O^d^iiftit^e^ifefent
^ *^&t&timkd%mi fathiSiip^ies i^mi*%nib1c

- * hka to re(fe ari3«£M F&ce
14 by Force ♦ Btitya^ 'it ap^ar^td%s that the^over-

* ■**'*» is enjoined by the KQy&iG^&^&Mtfc as

5 a Fn&cipal beyond the undottBtedliih^i^WGo.

4 N^wment ;

jAM?^HA^faTon r ^. Utepu Govqr&or. *4%

t^Wf^nfefe^nid *s«rfey ,tb$; Papers and Evidences
nJ»^»P[M ^fer|§4 ; tqiby the Governor, thpff*
iJ^itfi, hgy& no* J*$p*te*rly afccitai«cl?0 C|ur Satif-
^S?n t> wc fi?ai|itb? ?)wing oyr Cogaeftiotis with
f&fcift^l^ftjfe Qoloay^fr^irginia^ *nd *he precipitate
i^P^BPW ^ s * W ttjet Krovi^GC invaded, cannot aa-
pftrffc^y gP«i #P*p°fe at this Ttogtiri «d *J*cr*>
$,&£* ne ,are no*hiociin$d to make, a 4ho*r|; Adjopn*-

.lifjfe^ Aijyoariiowit they prapofcd v&»^ to the fixch
iilrt^fa^ Ajfid, before they broke up, -the <3c*reri*Of
fg^t^dfkeffed them, with another Meflage* in which
tefri^a^led to wave fever al Thing* pcrfonal to
^p^ftVwhich, at another Timet he might have
jfat^q&iti ioppepbepe on him to take Notice of; and
^Si^^co,t?ll thein, That, bad they examined with
^/ fi^^W^f^ Gentleqiem who by hi* Ap^
j^tflaoUiatjteiTcJffd ti^ir Houfe, and compared their
&Qfayffl&^^ Papers at ff versd Times

^p9Sffipit^pd^4» e B1ii he though^ it would? have
^BRM^^I^s^ $€**>♦ *« the F#w#£ad lately
jq§§g$i9q% or ^§1$ F^j/«ir w/VAf/f tfie t4m«S of the
^0[r|pq? t ^ha| a#*byi§ Isfahan an *&wA Me*d«ra-
c^jflCti^jHPft^ ,Tte,cyeii

B^g f i»)fefe gr^cdn bpwsev^ the .-j \fam:vm «*<£
j^CT^biri^cs, qfeft, flofr within the ftid ^isiiiav y«t
^Pt^fe^Qgp ***; «ftf?W#*ed by th* Go*er»or! of *?r-
4|^^h^TMUI^Atfe9^)t? Jiadb?ethit»dfi;Oii Fa?tof
t ^{^ft^ VCloiriiaiom, *nd ca|l coupon by hu$t for
i^S^c^jQ^ tfc& Province, it, v^s^UyntM*
ft^Br^W^^i rStfppl^Mifilbc pr^fffiB^igfpcy
IStfeqpi^ ; , Aodi tiwi hf;!?ipuil^i¥» rbutr be

'Sife^sM^j^apftSKp^

>i%^flagfr,^ a t^^^^ 2,

f n ^^|n c %i^J)y f ]hm (p^wl ^Wff¥^iraeain;

$09 <$< W>*flk ,i?W; *beABfl»t^^^,«fWned

* »Mfj ^rf cf^^^t)y!Wrr^^^ep* ,4*at^ fince your

141 r^fiffP/ioricdl R E VIEW, &c, ; < ■•■ !

**wid£* 9 the feveral Papers i^eWith laid bd&£ jftittg
4 by which it will appear, ti^hfe is taking all\iitiaV
c ginabie Pains for the Security of his Majeftyfs tte-
4 minions, fofar as the Provifion made by* his* Afc
^fcmbly will permit him to a£t •, and that h6 is Verf
^ »impaiient ! to know the Iffue-of your Deliberations ori
Sthis Subjeft^—I cannot, 1 therefore, doubt r * fetal* 1
*c? agreeable ,to the Profeffidns in your Meflage bf th€
4 twefuy-feventh of February, cc of being readyand-
H willing to demonftrate your Duty arid Loyalt^, 1 by
** giving fuch Sums of Money to the King's Ufcj u£*
4 > ;on*all fuitable Occaftons, as may cOnfiftWifh ^our
44 Circumftances, or can reafonably be expected frcinv
44 this Province ;" I fay I cannot doubt but you will,
4 with the greateft Alacrity, lay hold on the prefeht
4 Opportunity of evincing the Sincerity of thole Pro-
c feffions, by granting fuch an Aid to his Majefty,

* as may comport with the Circumftances of the

* Province* and be fuitable to the ExigertceTof-tfie
^Service;* Andi in the doing of this; I hope 1 you
4 * will be guided rather by the Importance xbtf ^theGofa-
4 cern^Jthanbyi the Example of other Ool&nies** It
4 being foiaad* by Experience to be a very iH^jtiSged
4 JPieccof CEbofvomy tocramp an Enterprise of &his
4 --Nature iw the Article of Supplied ; and, thatwhat-
4 ever is given on fuch Occafions, ihOrt of befog &f- '
4 ficietos>w> acooroplifh the Ends< propofdd; become^,

4 forthr moft Past* a Wafte of fo much TteafeSfe,,
• 4 without anfwering any of the Purpofes-fOf 'AVhifchPit

* was.tnteaded<-> r •'■ ■ >i; - •■'•■> ->* yn^i/^A

\ *>t I Jittve at -Prefent -only _to> add irty ReqtoeA, *hk&>
4 wfeatevep yoiv intend to 4& rtto t$& Ck&fidhp wkyt'°
> *ecei v& albthi Difpatehthe Nature' of^tk^^fciHg
4 will adwiit of ; the Scafoh ofithfc ^Y%tfv^;\(vatetf^
4 advanciRg fo i aft, that, ^^iuhlefi'^ur Miifur^"btf ;j
4 fpeedily taken, they will, I feat, be rcridei^tf&kd* !

* gether unfefrviceable/ --»< > '><•< • >, / « ,v ,\ ^-- x

Upon the Fifth* aft^r ibaay -Debates* it 1 -' W&$.-* faff : !
iblved, by a ftnall Majority, That a Sum of^ori^ *
ihould be given for the KingVUfe* and whit tt&'S&rti >
ihould

r

I - JameSsHaMiltqt^ BJfr. Dep. Governor. 143

fllf^J4^^Ppaiioft^^a«ily Debutes more: tftxentyTbcu-
3$*rfillp&?id* being j^pp&iied onthe»JV*#/£y it polled in
tfe^fg^l ivjEifay a jVi ayority of t wenty-,five to fei ght : Re-
^dj^qe^jSp tyftten TJjwjvnd Rounds it paffed yi the Ne-

^q; jtw^nQr- three; to *on«: Reduced to ttntfhtufanA

##<&«; tffy paiftd ; io t ,Uie Negative twenty-two to
d^yifn^jfaod again redpeed to ■ Jfa* *.tkoufand Poinds the
sfflft < £)a£,;jt again pafied in the Negative twenty- two
■BBlcffcr :T^ofe who had hitherto Iqd the Houfe,
ifpfing, 1 affirmatively ; and, on the contra ry>. thofe
vfo b$d hitherto voted affirmatively, going over x6
t^$<? render of the Negatives : And this apparent
E^^kxicy *wai, in '.'-their Reply to the Governor's
IV^ftag^ thus accounted for: 'And we now beg
4 7 4-£^^ to inform the Governor, that we have had
*_$lgiat$4jtfiage under our ferious Confideration ever
4 ftnc<? jtJ? came down to the Houfe; but after all otjr
^j^^es ^hereupon, we find, that near -one Half of

'^e\ Mpfpbers ;are, for various Reafens* agatfltt
I \jgWfc#g[ * n y Money to the King's 'Uie at this

^gie^^ithofe who are for granting,' diJHTer fo

I j fvid^jjh ifld&eksSenti merjts concerning the Sum , ahat
'i&j^}£$^,& pr^ftnc -no Poffibility of >fcheir agrei-
%}fl&\$i&^t>mfoch^* St^m* aft, in the Judgment c <>if
&1Wfc$£ ^«P»: is 'quits tditf)rop0rti0iwe -co the
0$caijpji : Thef^efope, and ohfrt the Members mojr
hp?€; w Opportunity of coftfultingftiirir Gomftitu-
t WSh90 ithw^irnpof farjt Aiffair, we art} flow inclined
rfCrSftJP^fOltD.ijhe Vkirittr&h of ths next, Month.? ;
According to their Adjournment, thet> Houfe root *
$Hh> $£&b6*i *n4 Were linforrnsd ib^jthe G^vetnor
" "^i^ 4*^rV#l 06 a Body of firenek Foraes* cwfiftiing
gHPWar4# P§oi ©Q&iMeo*! Utore the itdrfc ;bwlding
^i^[\Vif^nians r 0$ the <$*v»$d the : Sumiukr
W^if^fcifv^lf^ i^icJi b$f<W shem'thie JRifpatches he
i^rife^S^^ri^cf bed/ ftorn ;jjSover4© t JOtinwiidie of
rginia, concerning the State of that Province, anjd
i^#g#ufi5 h^^W^t^claedjexpe^ed \ md ftom Go-
^>A$P0i . of Ni&rTotkv concerning th$ Indtreft
j<^&iC<^9flk* ihf Ckae^al, as welt as of

144 ^ Hiftorical REVIEW, &c.

Penjjlvania in particular •, and ted y * he- hoped tkcy
c would have their due Weight with them in their
4 Deliberations and Advice? — The Propofals
by the Governors of Bojion and New-Xlerk for
Union cf the feveral Colonies in Indian Affairs, he
then recommended to them earneftly, as agreeable to
his own Sentiments, and likely to be produ&ive of
more real Benefit, at much lefs Expence than the
Method hitherto in Ufe of making frequent and
diftinft Prefents to the. Indians* &c. And he defired
to be enabled to inftruft the Commiflioners to be fent
from their Province, to concur with thofe of the
other Colonies, in Cafe a reafonable Plan fhould be
offered.

A joint Bill, for granting an Aid to the King and
replacing torn and ragged Bills of Credit, was the
Refult of- their firft Day's Debate , and, after feveral
Divifions, the feveral Sums were fettled at Ten Thou-
/and Pounds for the King and Twenty Tboufand for the
other Purpofe.

The Commons of Great-Britain will not fuffer a
Money-Bill to be amended: The Lords may rejeft:
His Majefty may refufe his Afient: But what they
give, they give upon their own Terms.

In Penjyhania a Money-Biil exa&ed from die Pro-
vince, by all the Confederations which could aff?&
generous Minds, or intimidate weak ones, the Dread
of an Eiiemy at the Gates, and of incurring both
the Royal Difpleafure and the public Odium* for
not making a feafonable Provifion againft his Ap-
proaches, could not be accepted without Amend-
ments.

Even this Bill, at fuch a Crifis offered, and for
fuch a Service, was returned by the Governor, with
Amendment s> prefaced with a written Meffage, of
which the two following were the mofe material Para-
graphs : viz.

4 Considering the Royal Inftru&ion laid before
* the Afiembly laft fear, it muft be apparent that 1
' have, merely from a Defire to oblige you, con-

6 fented

i*

1

1 J a w&Sti xto ai**, rJSfa. Pep. {fovcroor. 1 45

jj HinW^ isife t^^

^i *i©eiiaixthc Manner &y you.prqpofecL . A And h*ye

, f»l«^d^e £g#ea£y of .(he Bills af Credit, to be

* 4tiftpfe)$ft fii%tue of 4he jpitt flyow wd#\ Confiderar

itipiiina* far as I can think coofifteat .with my <w*

o Ss£o&^ the Food to be pftaWf&ad uppo th*
!irtFa*crU>f ;fnjr. propftfed.AineadnjcotiWill be mot*
6o^an'^qM?qtt<5) repay the Sum gcawftdjfy the Bill*
5^Iiofai>ft^:no Reafon far exteadmg.the A£t pf Excife
^ifeo^or^^an four Ye^rs beyond the Date pf its, prer
.£rijei|p &imH#ion; .or for burthenipg; the People
*dut>qci3iffariiyiwkh a Tax xhat poffibly may Dot be
.* wanted/

bnJfadiiisfe >p*©pafed Atpeadn^rtfs reftored Upani-
Stiitym t^oHovfe. For v .whereas they <h*d been dir
iwkfed)ra|^y W^ysjn theCourkof the Bi}l, theyjipv
p&bi v&&ypnfrWili*Bd one Vqice, in reje&iQg ftbat
^towtaapff the Exjci^, whirl) manifeftly topk its Rife
ifqna Prnprj#0y Confiderations only *. w>d,, *%" the
jSaiw ioT »hi<r h/-' ^ther the Service Qf the Publiqk was
Jta;bpi^»h?fte4, or the J?rovince to gi^e wp i*s Un-
: ^jto#bja^^ xhei I^ower of Perv-

juaflgn j and tfcaJwnae* they left ijhpfe t$ fafwqr foi>
-toiifihjafei ritdbekmged, s ; 4 .,
^z^jjy&iJfa^y: tovthe Goy^ernor qa this QcgafiQn ^as
&&s$SUate ;*&^ iM#^~~tQ enter

A>i^<^ayiiDiipute wth the.Qovwn^ oa the Subject
ivx^£^i^p^£^ A^mdmcnt& tf> the Mone^Bill ;
AjJb ^ |tt|i^mttivas of $h* Pwpte, hwe >?# M»r
>u<fe^<^fcjghft twjiidge, <and detcna&ine, jpqt only
4 of the Sum to be raifed for the Ufe of the Crown,
*&bjkm*f t fchfaljtoaQSP pf ^raMiog it. .

.ifai^ TStmSwrapne^ ^ his < M^flige^f the .^inejeentti
«> Q&g3hfrfryz :W*fr^M$d*tP tell us, .." .Tbafe if the

-4h4%wbdfatt^ be

• w a Necefikyto ftrike a farther Sum in Bills of £re-
<*fa*&<, ^id^y<$$ :Chap$# of .raifing Supplies for
f*^Maij jM^cft^^Sewfcein this Time of imminent
<:*&% tv&i m <l:i u; v.;JU, w " Danger,

fex

■>*-„**

146 An Hiftorlcal REV IE W, hcc.

44 Danger, and would create a proper Fund or Funds^
44 for finking the fame in a few Years, he would con-
4t cur with us in pafling a Law for that Purpofe,
44 thinking himfelf fufficiently warranted fo to do in
44 Cafes of real Emergency."

4 On this Aflurance the Houfe have prepared a Bill,
4 and prefented it to the Governor, to ftrifce the Sum of
4 Ten Tboufand Pounds, to give the fame to the King's
4 Ufe, and to fink it by an Extenfion of the Excife
4 Aft for a farther Term of Ten Years. The Gover-
4 nor will be pleafed to confider, that his Predeceflbr,
4 to whom the mentioned Inftruftion was given, did
4 afterwards pafs an Aft of the fame Kind, extending

* the Excife Aft ten Years (now near expired) for a
4 Grant of Five Tboufand Pounds only ; and we never
4 hearci that he incurred the Royal Difpleafure for (b
4 doing. As the Sum we grant is double, we had no
4 Expectation that our propofing ^the fame Term
4 would have been deemed extravagant. The Gover-
4 nor thinks four Years fufficient ; but, as the Re-
4 prcfentatives are beft acquainted with the Circum-
4 itances of the People, and mult themfetves, as a
4 Part of the People, bear a Share of all Burthens laid
4 upon them, it feems not reafonable to fuppofe they
4 will. lay fuch Burthens unneceffarily. They now

* offer Ten Tboufand Pounds to the Crown, and pro-
4 pofe a Manner of raifing it, that they judge mdft
4 eafy and convenient for the People they reprefent:
4 And, if the Governor thinks fit to refufe it, meerty
4 from an Opinion that a lhorter Term for finking the
4 Bills would be more eafy for the People, we cannot
4 but fuppofe, that, fince the Meffages in which he

* fo warmly recommended this Affair to us, he
4 has, on farther Advices, Cr better Confideration,
4 changed his Sentiments of the Importance of the
4 prefent Occafion for Supplies, and doth not bow
4 think the Danger fo imminent, or the Emergency
V fo great or fo real, as he then apprehended it to
4 be/

They

James Hamilton, Efq* Dep. Governor. 147

They alfo intimated at the fame Time, That, it
being an inconvenient Seafon for the Members to be
abfent from their refpeftive Homes, they defired the
Governor to let them know his Refult as foon as pof-
fible.

And upon the next Day but one this Refukcame ;
and proved to be of a Nature altogether extraordi-
nary. — Having charged the Afiembly with laying
down a Pofition in their laft Meflage derogatory to the
Rights of Government; in maintaining, That the
Reprefencatives of the People have an undoubted
Right to judge and determine, not only of the Sum
to be raifed for the Ufe of the Crown but of the Man-
ner of railing of it, he fir ft acknowledges that Right,
and then whiffles it away, by arguing, it was not an
excIuJfot'Right? one Half ot the Legiflative Powers
being vefted in the Governor. After which he goes
on to fay, That he had neither objected to the Sum,
though he wiflied it had been larger and moTe feafon-
ably granted , nor to the Manner of railing it, though
he could have alfo wifhed it had not been by com-
pelling hkn to depart from the Letter of his Majefty's
Inftru&ion, but only to the Extenfion of the Fund,
whereby the Money is propofed to be repaid, to an
unneceflary Leagth, by which a Tax was to be laid
and continued upon the People without the leaft ap-
parcnrNeceffity^ Abd that he was forrytofind, they
were not fatisfied with a Fund by which the 10,000/.
granted to his Majefty would be repaid in the eafieft
Manner in fix Years, and leave a Surplus of feveral
Thoufand Pounds in their Hands to be difpofed of as
they thought fit ; and that, for the faid 10,000/. fo
granted, they were defirous of obtaining more than
ifeee Times the Sum for themfelves ; That the Ex-
ample of any former Governor was not to be a Rule
for him: But that, however, if they would inlarge the
Sum given for his, Majefty's Ufe, he would extend
the Time for repaying it in the fame Proportion
already allowed in his Amendment, which he fhould
iot otherwife recede from : That it was poffiblt moit.

-L 2 tm^vx.

i 4 8 An Hiprkal REVIEW, &c.

might be concealed under this folicitade for fo kmg an
Extenfion of the Excife than they were witling fhould
be difcovercd: — And here a Paragraph occurs, which
does indeed make a Difcovery, and which will be of
Angular Ufe to the intelligent Reader through the
whole Courfe of the Contrbverfy, viz. — — i It is
4 well known, that by the Laws now in Force, the
c public Money is folely in theDifpofal of the Aflem-
4 bly, without the Participation of the Governor;
4 ncverthelefs, while thefe Afts, by which Money
4 was raifed, were of fhort Duration, the Governor
4 had now and then an Opportunity of obliging the
4 Aflembly in a very eflential Manner by a Renewal
4 , of thofc Afts, and thereby of making hirhfelf ac-
4 ceptable to them ; but to extend them to fuch an
4 unreafonable Length of Time as you now defire*
4 might be to render him in a great Meafure unnecef-
4 iary to them during the Continuance of thofe Adfcs,
4 but upon Terms very difagre^able to hhnfelf, as
4 well as.injurious to his Conftituents: To this Con-
4 dition therefore I Will not be the Means of reducing
V any Succeffor of mine \ and this Circumftance is erf
4 , no ftnall additional Weight with me to adhere to my
4 Amendment/— He then defires them to obferve,
That the Queftion between them, is nor, which is beft
acquainted with the Circumftances of the Peopled
but whether it was reafonableto burden them with an
unneceffary Tax : Affures them, they are exceedingly
mrftaken if they really fuppofed he had either changed
his Sentiments with Refpeft to the Importance of the
prefent Occafion for Supplies, or that he was lefs ap-
prehenfive of the Dangers the Province was then ex-
pofed to from the Inyafion of a foreign Pbw£r. thati
before : Makes a Merit of haying gone f artii^r^h his
Condefcenfions to pleafe them, than h'e ^arvmrr^m-
ed to do, bytheKingYInftfi^
an Addition to the Supply, by extendipgltiie^^r-
rency a Year longer than the utmbft T<?fi^°3Ho^d
to the Ehftern Governments by the late Jk€t of Par->
UamenU Adds, that he yi el\ Wrvw the State of their

• Jamxs Hamilton, Ejfq. Dep. Governor. 149

Funds, and that the Loan-Office itfelf, were the Money
duly colit<5fced, was abic jto furnifh a much larger Sum
than the' Sum granted upon this important Occafion,
inrfependant of the Intereft hereafter to accrue, &c.
That fuch being the favourable State of their Finances,
in declining to do what his Majefty fo juftfy.expefted
from tbem, nierely becaufe he, the Governor, would
not wholly depart from his Inftru&ion, they became
more juftly chargeable with a wanton Djfregard of his
Majefty's Commands, than he could pofiibly be with
the Lukewarmnefs imputed td-him, which he had the
greaoeft Deteftation of : And with a Mixture of Per-
faafion and Menace, he came to a Conclufion as fol-
lows, * Let me therefore, Gentlemen, recommend to

* your ferious Attention, a Review of your Conduct

* «pon the pcefent Occafion, and if you fha.ll find
c that you have been too precipitate in the Refolution

* contained in your Meflage, let me intreat you to
' redfcify it before it be too late ; for, as I muft be o-

* bliged foon to lay this whole Tranfadtion before his
' Majefty, k would give me the greateft Pleafure that

* both you and I might receive his gracious Appro-
' batrion of our Services. But if, contrary to my.

* Hopes, you fhoufd ftill perfift in refufing to accept
' of my Amendment, and the Bill fhould by that
c Means be loft, I cannot but apprehend fome unhap-

* py Confequences to the Province from your extra-
4 ordinary Behaviour/

There is, one would think, a magical Power in
Government capable not only of altering, but even
reverting *he Forms, Colour?, and Eflences of Things ?
To common Senfe it feems evident, that the People
give, and the Governor refufes to accept : And that the
faid Governor by avowing Proprietary and Deputy-
•Goveroment-Reafons for fuch his Refufal, avows, that
^bc Ring's Service and the People's Safety are but^-
xriinate Confiderations — — ( But our own Eyes are net

tti be trufted it feems None of this is (0 — —If

the People do not do all that is required of them, and

: L 3 Vk

i 5 o An Hiftorkal RE VIEW^ Sec.

in the Manner required, they do nothing ; and aff

the Mifchiefs that enfue are t;obe laid at their Door.

The Aflembly were not, however* to be amufed
by the Waving of a Government- Wand ; but on the
contrary having bellowed as much Time upon the Af-
fair as was neceflary for a thorough Difcuffion of it^
came to a Courfe of fpirited Refolutions ; of which
the moft material and per fpicuous. are thofe which
w, v'itu

c That the Raiftng of Money for Support of Go-
vernment and other public Ufes, by an Excife on
fpirituous Liquors, hath been pra&ifed in this Pro-
vince, with very little Intermifiion, for more than
thirty Years paft r and hath not been found, com*
munibus anriis r to produce more Money than was
neceflary for thofe Ufes.

c That the raifmg Money by fuch Excife r has by
Experience been found lefs burthenfome to the Peo-
ple, than the Method of Poll and Pound Rates \
and hence the Load of public Expence hath been
more chearfully borne, Government more liberally
fupported, thofe who ferve the Public better and
more pun&ually paid, and greater Sums given
from time to time to the King's Ufe, than could o*-
therwife have well been raifed.
4 That if the Excife Aft be extended but four

«

Years, arid.the Sum of ten thousand Pounds is to be
funk thereby in that Term, yearly provincial Taxes
by Poll and Pound Rates (always more grievous ipo
the People) muft probably in a (hort Time becorfie
neceffary, to defray the ufual and contingent Ex-
pences of the Government.

* That if there really were, which is very uncer-
tain, fo great a Sum outftanding due to the Pu£>-
lick, as if colIefted r would be in the pi fpo^tlort jdf ^le
Houfe, and fufficient to Aftfwer the prefen£Bttter-
g?ncy ; yet, to inforce the Colleftion fyddenly, py
■* fcizing and felling the Efta^ of the delinquent
.\ *_•'••• ■■- •— - ^ -*iBbr^

James Hamilton, Efq. Dep. Governor. 151

Borrowers, in this Time of Scarcity of Money,
when fo many Plantations being offered at once 10
Sale, could not probably find a fufficient Number of
Tgood Purchafers, and mull consequently fell for much
lefs than their real Value, would be cruel, oppref-
five, and ruinous to the People.
c That the Right of Judging and Determining,
not only of the Sum neceffary to be raifed for any
public Service, but of the Time and Manner of
railing it, and Term for paying it, is folely in the
Reprefentatives of the People ; and that the Gover-
nors of this Province have not, nor ever had, nor
can have, any Right to interfere therein, under
Pretence of rectifying Miftakes, eafing the People,
or any other Pretence whatever,
c Thatajuft, upright and prudent Adminiftration
of Government, will always be the beft and moft
effedual Means of obtaining and fecuring the Af-
feftions of the People * and that it is neither necef-
fary nor expedient to deny the prefent Affembly the
Exercifeof their juft Rights, that a future Gover-
nor may have an Opportunity of obliging a future
Aflembly by permitting it.

* That an Aft of Pariament made exprefly to re-
medy Diforders in the Eaflern Governments, and
in which this Province is neither named, nor in-
tended, cannot by any Conltruttion be fuppofed
binding on the Governors or Aflembliesof Pen-
fylvania.

' That to refufe a Grant of ten tboufand Pounds to
the King's Ufe at this critical Jun&ure, when the
Service of the Crown, and the Welfare, prefenc
and future, of all the Britijh Colonies, feem to the
vemorvfq eminently to demand Supplies, meerly

""ioM.lfe £m¥* ; Rcprefenwtives what is

Ton their Eale, or that a future Governor may

an Opportunity of making nimlclr acceptable,

are to this'ttoufe to be facrificing too much,

L 4 ' »

154- An Hifiorical REV IE W % &c/ r

4 are, under thefe Circumftances, at a Lofs to advife.
c . him on the important Articles he has been pleafed.
4 to propofe to our Confideration. Neverthelefs, as

* we have already declared our Satisfa&ion in the Gen- .
4 tlemeh the Governor has been pleafed to name for
4 this Commiflion, fo we confide in their Abilities

4 and Prudence to anfwer the Ends propofed in the*'

* Letter from the Lords of Trade, of the eighteenth

V of Sep}emberfaQ; 9 by renewing at this Interview the Co-r

V venant Chain with the Six Nations^ and by fruft-
4 rating, as far as lies in their Power, any Attempts.
4 which have been made to withdraw them from the .
4 Britifh Intereft : And for this Purpofe, in Com-
4 pliance with the faid Letter from the Lords of,
4 Trade, we have now granted a Prefent to be made
4 to thofe Indians on our Behalf, however inconve-
4 nient we may judge it to hold our Treaties at Al-
4 bany orl other Occafions*.

Laftly : The Governor alfo, on his Part, defired
the Members fent with this Mefiage to acquaint the
Houfe, that as fome Parts of the Minutes of that
Sefiion might be neceflary to be mentioned in the Re-
prefentation the Governor found himfelf obliged to
make to his Majefty, in Anfwer to his royal Order, in
relation to the Invafionofhis Dominions by the French
and their Indian Allies, he defired the Houfe would or- .
der a Copy thereof to be delivered to him : And an
Order was thereupon made, that the (aid Minutes
might be delivered to him accordingly.

Their next Meeting was on the 7th of Auguft fol-
lowing, by fpecial Summons: Upon which Occafion,
the Governor, having fent for the rfoufe, acquainted
them with JVaJhington's Defeat, and in the moft
folemn Manner (his Words) recommended to them a,,
chearful and v vigorous Refoiutidh of dlflodgtr^froKi ^
the Neigh^mrhbdd of ihcit &'tif^ ,

t lenient* t het* fttves, or Parts' ^^m^^^^^ h ,
Limits of 'the Prdttlntt, a^befo^ ,

from undoubted fiffurimci\ hot 4 ii^ee^'as^r/^^ZL out s
. ins. Coherence *itti the <*<fr£vMt* «r ftrzviik ,

^ when

James Hamilton*, Efy. Dcp. Governor. 155

when the Determinations taken there Ihould be com*
municated to them — Urging, thjit in the mean while
it would be highly expedient to take into Confidera-
tion the moft proper Ways and Means of raifing a
Supply for this Service ; and that in doing thereof
they fhould induftrioufly avoid whatever might be
likely to occafion any Difference of Opinion between
him and them, to the Detriment of the common
Caufe, &c. That fome Provifion Ibould be made for
the Support of fuch Indians as, flying from the Enemy,
had taken Refuge amongft their brethren of Penfyl*
vania: That the Inhabitants ot> the Frontiers had alfo
by their Petitions applied to him for Protection : That
the defencelefs State of the Province in general, de-
manded their fpecial Confederation : That it was be-
come his indifpenfable Duty to prefs it upon ihem ac-
cordingly, &c. And in the Clofe of all he exprefled
himfeJf ^s follows*

' It is with great Satisfa&ion, that I now commu-
€ fiicate to you the Proceedings of the Commiffioners
c at the late Treaty at Albany ; as, on Pernfal there-
c of, you will clearly perceive, that the Lands on the
River Ohio da yet belong to the Indians of the Six
Nations, and have, long fince, been by them put
under the Prote&ion of the Crown of England. — — •
That the Proceedings of the French in ere&ing Forts
on that River, and in the Countries adjacent, have
* never received^the Countenance or Approbation of
thofe- Nations - 9 but, on the contrary, are exprefly
declared by them, to have been without their Pri-
vity or Confent. — That they are greatly alarmed at
the, rapid Progress, of the French, and in fevere Terms
reproach us with fupine Negligence, and the de-
fertCelefc S^e of our PoffefliqnS ; and, in Effedt,
s '*c^.;o6dH .iiV.to ^brt^; r ou^Fci^ti^f» a$ well for the
* li^rify of tneir^ Countries as.pt QHr qwn,— - r-That,

'Wt M^HM?^ flMbefe feveral

Enlj ' C6mmiwoi>ers ppPgltf 1$ npccjfery . to confider .
* v $f. li^$™L jig ^^epixj^nmjph'oi.the prefent
* wjte of tfe Colonies? "Arid from thence, judging

t 5 6 Jh Hijtcrical REVIEW* kc. ~

4 that no effeftual Oppofition was like to be ma<fe tG
4 the deftru&ive Meafures of the Fund* but by a*t>
c Union of them all for their mutual Defence, devifed
4 likewife a general Plan for that Purpofe, to be
4 offered to the Confideration of their refpe&ive Le-

* giilatures.

4 And as both thofe Papers appear to me to con*
4 tain Matters of the utmoft Confluence to the Wei-

* fare of the Colonies in general, and to have bee«
c digefted and drawn up with ^great Cleamefs and
c Strength of Judgment, I cannot but exprefs *ny
4 Approbation of them ; and do therefore recommend

* them to you, as well worthy of your clofeft and.

* mod ferious Attention/

The Particulars contained in tWs Speech wsere alfo
inforced by federal Papers communicated at the fame
Time: And t : he Houfc taking the Premises into
Confideration, after various Debates, Divifions, Re*
je&ions, &c. agreed to a Bill for ftriking the Sum
of 35,000 /. in Bills of Credk, and for granting
15,000/. thereof for the King's Ufe, and for apply-
ing the Remainder to the Exchange of torn and
ragged Bills: Which, being prepensed to the Go-
vernor, produced the following Anfwer, viz. .

4 The Governor promifcd himfelf from the Re-
€ queft he made to the Houfe in his Speech at the

* Opening of the Seffion, that (confidering the Im-

* portance of the Occafion) they would have fallen
4 upon fome Method of raffing Money for the King's

* Ufe, to which he might have had no materiall Ob-
4 jeftion ; and could not help therefore being ex-
4 tremely mortified at finding the BUI now prdfemed
4 him for that Purpofe, to be not only formed on
4 the faid Plan, but to be nearly of the fame Tenor
4 with that to which he refufed his Affent at their
1 laft Meeting. He has nevertheflefs complied with
1 the Proffer he then made them, and has agreed to

* extend the Fund fihey have chofen to raife the Mo-
g ney upon, in the fame Proportion as they have in-
1 crettfed the Sum granted to his Majefty.. But difc

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 157

c Houfc is peremptory, and wiy admit of no Al-
c teretion in their Bill. AH then that remains, after
4 affuring them that the Governor, left the King's
c Service fhoold fuffer, has ftrained his Powers even
c beyond what he almoft dares think confident with
4 ins Safety, is, to fubmit our'refpe&ive Condudt to
4 the Judgment of our Superiors. But he hopes this
€ atfo may be rendered uhneceffary by th6 Arrival of

* the Gentkirtan that is to luccecd him in the Admi-
^ mftration, who may every Day be looked for among
c US: and who may poffibly think himfelf more ac
i; liberty* with refpeft. to the Matter in Controverfy,
1 than the Governor can prefume to do. In the
c mean while it is hoped no confiderable Detriment
'may arife to his Majefty's Affairs in the (hort In-
c terval between this and the Time of his a&ual
'Arrival.

* So much has already been faid upon this Subject

* on another Occafion, that the Governor declines
c any farther Enlargement thereon, as well knowing
c that public Difputes of this Nature frequently ter-

* minate in private Animofities, which he is very de-
c ftrous of avoiding -, and therefore only expedts from
'the Houfc that they will do him the fame Juftice he

* is wHling to do rhem, in fuppoftng him to ad: from
c his Judgment, when he tells them that he cannot
1 retede from ! his Amendments/

This was the laft Aft of Mr. Hamilton's Govern-
ment. Weary of a Service, which he found incom-
patible, if not with his Notions of Honour, at leaft
witto his Repbfe, he had defired to be difmifled ; and
was fucceeded by Robtrt Hunter MorriS, Efq .
■" Iti the Beginning of Ottober, 1754, much about
Wtt^kt-Mt^ » Philadelphia,

'^Ife^i^re^^^^^tQMje choferf in tfe Courfe of the
Jc3^1ia!d^erti^hbfctt accordingly.
th#fc, ; f^tribfi^ up tp his

C^t^tr^ifflfce^i^thefnfew Goveiwr r?iade a fhort
a$*&8 V ttbpbMigii \Hi$ Perfaafion |hat the Pro-
frmtipes had nothing more at heart than the ^t\S«e.

«5 a J* Hifiorical R E VI E ^ &c.

and Profperity of the People : His own Self-flattery*
that it was from the Opinion that they had entertained -
of his Difpofition to promote the general Bappinefs-
to the utmoft of his Power, they had made v choice o£
him: The Resolution he had taken not to difappoint
them : Afllirances, that he fhould, upon all Occa-
fions, btftudious to prpteft the People committed to-
his Charge in their civil and religious Privileges, ancL
careful to maintain the juft Rights of Governments
as equally conducive to the public Good : A Recom—
mendation, in particular, of the State of the Frontier
both of that and the neighbouring Governments 5
where they would find the Fremh adting with a fteady
Uniformity and avowed Refolucion to make them-'
felves Matters of the Country : An Interfperfion of
certain Stimulatives, drawn from a Contemplation of
the Miferics they would be expofed to, in cafe they*
foffefed the Enemy to ftrengthen themfelves in their
Pofts ; and an earned Call upon them, in his Majef-
ty*s Name, to exert themfelves at that critical Junc-
ture in Defence of their Country : And laftly, a De-
claration, that if they ihould find any Laws wanting
for the better Government of the Province, he fhould
be ready to enter upon the Confideration of fuch as
they fliould propofe, and give his Content to fuch as*
he Ihould think reafonable.'

More Doubts than Confidence, it may be pre-
sumed, this Speech excited : For the Aflembly hav-
ing, upon the Report, befto wed fome Time in the
Confideration of it, thought fit to call for a Copy of
the Governor's Commifiion, as alfo of the Royal Ap-
probation, before they proceeded to anfwer it. .

This Anfwer was alfo as dry, and as cautioufly
worded, as the Governor's Speech. They echoed
back what Parts of it they could; and they joined
ifiue with the Governor in promifing with the fame
Sincerity, to contribute every thing in their Power to
fupport him in the Exertion of the juft Rights of
Government, conducive to the' good Ends by, him
JjpeciGed. After ^vhich they proteeded }n thefe

Robert H. Morris, Efq, Dep. Governor. 159

Words > c The Encroachments of the French on his

* Majefty's Territories, and their hoftite Proceedings
% in this Time of Peace, are truly alarming * and as

* they have been long fince known in Great Britain*

* we were in Hopes, on the Governor's Arrival, to
4 have received Inftruftions from the Crown how to

* cGridudt ourfelves on this important Occafion : But

* as we have not bad any fuch laid before us, the

* Royal Order fent to the fcveral Colonies by the

* Earl of Holdernefs^ in his Letter of the Twenty

* eighth of Augufty 1 753, appears to be the only Rule
which we can now aft with Safety. And as we

fnd our late Aflembly did what was moft confid-
ent with the Truft repofed in them, to comply
1 therewith, the Governor may likewife depend upon

* our doing whatever can be reafonably expe&ed

* from hs for the Good of this Province, or the ge-

* neral Intercft of the Britilh Colonies on the Con-
1 tinent, whenever our Affiftance can be applied to
' any valuable Purpofe. But at prefent, as we know

* not where to dirett our Aid, and as this has not

* been the ufual Time of doing Bufinels, occafioned
c by the Governor's being obliged to give his At-

* tendance elfewhere, we are inclined, if he has no
1 Objeftion, or any thing farther to lay before us, to

* make a fhort Adjournment; and if, during our

* Recefs, any Matters of Importance ihould come to
4 his Knowledge, we (hall chearfully attend the Go-
' vernor's Call of our Houfe, and contribute our
' Affiftance for the public Good.'

The Refult was, that the Governor thanked them
for their Speech, and concurred in their Propofition ;
upon which they adjourned accordingly.

In the Beginning of December they met again :
And then the Governor communicated a Letter from
Sir Thomas Robin/on, Secretary of State, dated July 5,
1754; by which it appears, That for upwards of tea
Months, the Cafe of the Northern Colonies, actually
invaded by the French^ had pot been made the fore- '
moft Point of Confideration here at home ; and that

i6o An Hiftcrical REVIEW, &c.

t the Americans were in a Sort of Difgrace at C$w
for not having broken thro' all the Cautions laitj up-
on them before, and a (Turned and exereifed all the
Powers of Government in taking carfc qf therofelves.

* JUet the Reader judge for hitnfelf.

• y f Sir, . ..„ : frbittkalh Jnly 5> IU*< \

4 Your Letter of the 25th of Ntnxmfar iaft, in

* Anfwer to the Earl of Helderntffeh -of the 2#th of

* Auguft, having been received and kid Wore the
4 King, I am to acquaint you, That it i? his Majef-

* ty's exprefs Command, that you fhould, in pfce-

* dience thereto, not only *& vigoroufly in the £>e«»

* fence of the Government under your C#re, hut-, -that
4 you fliould iikewife he aiding And afiifting his Ma*
4 jetty's other American Colonies, to repel any h@feile

* Attempts made againft them* and it »ra$ with
4 great Surprize, that* the King obfepved y(W Sfttal

* Siience upon shat Part of his Mjijefty's Orders^
4 which relate to a Concert with the other Colonies,
4 which, you muft be fenGWe, ia now become wore pf*

* fentially ncceflary for their common Defence, fiscfe

* the Account received by you from. Major Wflftflng*

* stany with regard to the HoftBicte* committed by

* the French upon the River Obie* whiehi verify in

* fa& what was apprehended \yben die Earl G&iMef*

* derneffe wroce : fo fully to you in Attguft Jaft^itnd

* which might have been , in great me&furfc, if not totally

* prevented, had every one -of his'MaieAy^vGtiiKte^
4 ments exerted themfedvjBS second irigtoc thofeoI>Hf|pc-
14 tions, the Obfervance whereof I am: notfi >bjhthe
A King's Command, to inforeo to y om in tht ftwigeft
4 Manner/ - 1 am, £sfr. c\voi

T he Governor *ailb accompanied this L^ttw wtri* &
Speech •, in which occur the follomug curiptelteiti-
ctfiars, viz* ■-■ ,: - :.:' ■■ .■.r- --.^j <, ii -/ V«gW *

4 From the Letters and Intelligence I have/crdbr-
4 ed to be laid before you, it jwiffl : .appcarH&tt<he

* ifaitf* havsnaw,aMhek,^^

; " *"' "" « a thou-

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 161

a thoufand regular Troops, befides Indians : That
they are well fupplied with Provifions, and that
they have lately received an additional Number of
Cannon : That their upper Forts are alfo well garri-
foned and provided ; and that they are making a
Settlement of three hundred Families in the Coun-
try of the Twigtwees, at the South- weft End of the
Like Erie. ' ' '

c From thofe Papers you will likewife be inform-
ed of the Ufe they have made of their laft Year's
Succefs among the Indians of the Six Nations, hav-
ing prevailed with many of them to remove to Ca-
nada, who will either be neuter in the prefent Dis-
pute, or take up Arms againft us, while fuch few
of the Indians, as ftill retain their Attachment to the
Englijb, dare not be aftive for us, till they fee a
Force in the Field fuperiour to that of the French :
And if that be not foon, they will certainly give up
ourCaufe, and embrace the tempting Offers made
thefti by the French.

c Gentlemen, It is now feveral Years fince the French
undertook this Expedition, and we have long had
full Intelligence of their Defigns, and of the Steps
they have taken to carry them into Execution :
Their Progrefs indeed has been very furprizing,
owing chiefly to the Ina&ivity of the Englijh Colo-
nies, who, I am forry to fay, have looked with too
much IndifFerence^upon an Affair that muft end in
Aeir Ruin, if not timely prevented/
[Poor Colonies ! Expofed on one hand ! Censed
on the other!] -^

In a fubfequent Paragraph he alfo proceeds as fol-
lows :
c Thefe Incroachments of the French upon the Ter-

* ritories of the Crown of Britain in America, have

* turned the Eyes of Europe to this Quarter of the
' World, as it is uncertain what Eflfe&s they may pra-
€ duce. The Conduft, th# efore, of thefe ColotfPfc

* will be more than ever the Objeft of their B^en-

* don, and ours in particular who are moft idimedi-

j 6z An Hiftmcal REVIEW, &c.

ately concerned : For, whether the French Forts
are within the particular Limits of this Province or
not, I look upon to be very immaterial in the pre-
fent Cafe, tho* in my Opinion they are clearly fo :
But be that as it may, our Situation at prefent is

certainly very alarming The French ojb our

Borders are numerous, ftrongly fortified, well pro-
vided, and daily increafing The fmall Body of

EngUJh Troops on the Frontiers, , weakened by the
Defertion from the Independent Companies, and the

Want of Difcipline in the New Levies The Six

Nations of Indians, formerly our firm Friends, di-
vided among themfelves, many of them gone over
to the French y and others - wavering and in doubt
whether to follow their Brethren, or continue with
us — The neighbouring Provinces (except Virginia)
tho* nearly interefted m the Ifiue of the prefenc
Affair, cither contributing nothing towards the com-
mon Caufe, or fparingly* And tho 5 Virginia has
indeed given thirty thoufand Pounds, yet it will avail
butlktle, tmlefs a cpnfiderable Body of Troqps be-
fent from thi? Province, and kept qp till the Work
is done. ,

4 Permit, me therefore, Gmlemm y to prefs this
Matter upon yota ; Exert yourselves upqn |hfi pro-
fent Occafion; difllpate the Cloyd that ijangs oyer
your Country, and fave her frotp th^ thrg^oed
Deftru&ion. ^ His Majefty, ' ever anxious' fpr tlie
Welfare of all his Subjefts, exckq$and comiflftflds
us— — The 1£ yes pf a Briti/h Pafli^meflt,^^t|ia
People of our Mother Counrry, of the ptHep ^fijf^
ritqn Colonics, and even of all £«r^,Varc/up^/U^

-And the Fate of this Country, t^e HaoiAi|fs

or Mifery of your Pofterity, very much ^e^nri v <)a
your Resolutions.' " '." ' _ ( .

Thus Penjyhania alone muft be put in tntf £cppt
of the Battle* muft undertake for ^11^ pay U$w%$&c*
&c. and is goaded on fo to do by the very Propnefar
ries and their Deputy, who fhould have fte<J$ /tftrfhs
Gap> and endeared themfelves ta the Provipce^ by

1' code*-

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. \6$

fcndeavouring to have the Load laid as equally on the
whole Continent, and the Effort made as generally
as poffible.

It is vifible, the Governor's Name fignified no-
thing, whether Hamilton or Morris ; except that the
hardeft Driver was fare to be the beft thought of by
his Employers : And it was but natural, that the Af-
fembly fliould be as refolute to continue the Province
infuch a State as might render it worth preferving, as
they were willing to contribute whatfoever they pro-
perly could towards its Prefervation — Penfyhania was
more dear to them for the Excellency of its Confti-
tution, than the Excellency of its Soil : And whatever
the narrow Notions of Proprietaries may be, as the
Liberty of the Province is diminifhed, the Value of
their Poffeflions in it will diminifh in the fame Pro-
portion.

To difcharge all Duties at once, therefore, they
again put the Demands for the general Service, and
thofe for the particular Intereft of the Province, upon
the fame Footing, by the old Expedient of a Currency
Bill, providing for ftriking the Sum of forty tboufand
Pounds in Bills of Credit ; one Moiety for the King's
Ufe, * and the other for replacing damaged Bills :
Which th£y fent up to the Governor for his Concur-
fenik Wifjfr i, written Meffige, of which what follows
^l^^o^hiaterial Part.

^: J TOo*S$5 hop£ the Number of the French^ and

^W&iak r Mfijes, mentioned in George Croghan'%

&r£ 3 M 'ftjf farge, yet the uncommon Efforts

-1S»2 M0[ tbwards obtaining a Poffeffion on

hik * iMajefty's Dominions, are truly

d ^dangerous to the Britijh Intereft in

WtiJt: ^Ahd^we have good Reafon tobe-

e Sums grafted the King by our late Af-

h^^^heri Governor been pleafed to pals

* o^et)^o : ftim for that Purpofe, " might

' :W, ''^Tif^°iF r p6t' totally, have prevented

ion of bur Affairs at prefent," and

£Juty v to the beft of Kings, as we

~i*5b£l$ *

/

164 An Hifiorical REVIEW, &c

defire it fhould always appear, among his mofi
loving and loyal Subjects. And for this Reafon, it
is with Concern we find, by the above mentioned
Letter from the Secretary of State, 1C That it was
4 with great Surprize the King had obferved, in out
4 late Governor's Anfwer to the Eari of Holdernejfe,
4 he had been totally filent on that Part of his Ma-
6 jefty's Orders, which relate to a Concert with the
4 other Colonies/' > But as we have great Confi-
dence in our Governor, that he will at all Times
afford us all good Offices and Protection, and will
be pleafed to reprefent us and our Affairs ki a fa-
vourable Light, as we hope he may do with great
Juftice •, fo, on our Part, we (hall not fail to contri-
bute every thing in our Power to anfwer all reafon-
able Expectations from fo young a Colony, fo far
as is confident with our civil and religious Liber-
ties v beyond which,, under fo good a King, we are
well allured nothing further will be afked or expect-
ed, from us. And, in return frr the Governor's
Juftice and Protection, it will give us particular
Pleafure to make his Adminiftration in this Province
eafy to himfelf, and honourable to all.*
Amazing was the Anfwer by the Governor* on the
Sixth Day afterwards returned : For having, at his
very Outlet, taken fhelter under the old exploded In-
ftruCtion to Governor Thomas, and Rider the Attorney
General's Opinion upon Governor Hamilton's Cafe,
delivered in the following comptndi s Manner, 44 1
am of Opinion, it is by no mear fafe or advife-
able, or confident with his Dui to pafs fuch
4 ' Bills, without a fufpending Clau
gefted, that he could not by any mea.,
faki Bill, becaufe forbid by the faid Inl
out fuch a Claufe, He then proce^ed to fay»
4 However, as the ACt of Parliament r /training the
4 four Eajiern Governments from emi;nng Paper -
4 Currency, gives them a Power, to ftrike * ; lls of Cre-
4 dit in cafe of Emergency* I hope I fhall e justified
* in thinking the Reafon holds good as to is who are

4 i»

t<

41

and fug-
agree to the
jCUon, with-

Robert H. Morris, Efq.^Ttep. Governor. 16$

* in the greateft Danger, being already invaded by the

• Tmcb, and in immediate Expe&ation of Outrage
;' from^the Indians in their Alliance : I will therefore
1 join with you in any Bill for ftriking what Sum you
4 lhaH think our preffing Occafions demand, provided
* a Fund be eftabliftied for finking the fame in/w
4 Years.

4 1 am exceedingly obliged to the Houfe for their
4 kind Sentiments with regard to me, and fhall make

* it my peculiar Care fo to a6t as to merit the Conti-
4 nuance of their good Opinion ; and can truly fayi

* it is no fmall Mortification to me to be obliged t&

* differ in Opinion from the Reprefentatives of the

* Province, who, I am convinced, att from upright
4 Motives, and what they efteem to be its true Inter-

* eft; but would willingly hope, when they come to
€ reRcA on the Obligations I am under to pay Obe-

* dience to his Majefty's Inftruftions, that they will
. € not prefs me to difobey them ; efpecially when they

4 confider, that, fhould I difregard my own Honour
'"* and , ^kfe|y in pafling a Bill circumftanced as this is,
•e 1 ff&re £gi^jtt Danger of its bring difapproved by
4 his Majefty ; aiicj what Lofs and Confufion fuch an
V 7 ^ehr^bufd caufe In the Province, ;'%y the Paper-
2 ?l bills e incoming of no Value, I need not particularly
r ^ men&oiP "- 1 '" vy '

¥ ^3frcSi"tiie "ttet ' 1740 down to the time of this
^^rcafe^; hfs Majefty's Minifters Wad 'ne\/er once
ereJ $, M Difpute i nbr in thefe Requifitions
itfte §eikfeif £ Office, in the Kirtg's Name, of
Mnl&S^te* Sobjefts, is the leaft Trefpafs
in tHekight^o^'theSu^ea, by arty Injunftibn diredt
t>r WiWc^fhin^ the Modedf tailing thefe Aids,
^q%6^t& : 'Mf$* this petty "Pr^nV^ryGovernor
^re&o^fce'a fcupttr of his Majdftf s Difappro-
ac ^^^tfe J ^4cte f TifMe;. and in the fame Breath,
heaves J f Sap for difpenfing with the very In^
^on'he'Biekjas, provided the Proprietary Turn is

L 3 of iedutirig ' th^ Tetm to Five Years.

at arrw^u 02 <»: 1 -. m it

j 6$ An Hijtorical REVIEW, he.

It is moreover reafonable to think the Governof
had in his-, Hands at this very Time a third Letter
from the Secretary of State, now Sir Thomas Robin/on,
dated Oftober 26, 1 754 : For on the very next Day
after this Meflage was delivered, he fent down a Copy
of the faid Letter to the Houfe, accompanied with
another written Meflage fo timed and conftru&ed, as
to render it as embarrafling as poffible.

This third Letter imported, that the Minifters had
at laft come to a Refolution of taking fome Meafures
of their own for the Defence of America. Amongft
others it was faid, the King had commanded two Re-
giments of Foot, confiding of 500 Men each, to re-
pair to Virginia^ there to be completed to 700; as
alfo to fend Orders to Governor Shirley and Sir William
PepperelU to raife two Regiments of 1000 men each \
for which Officers were to be appointed, and to re-
pair to America forthwith ; all to be commanded in
chief by a General Officer of Rank and Capacity, ac-
companied by a Deputy- Quarter-Mafter- General, and
a Commiflary of the Mufters, who were likewife to
fet out as foon as conveniently might be, in order to
prepare every thing for the Arrival of the Regiments
to be fent, and thofe to be raifed. What follows is
in the very words of the Letter, viz,

' You will receive from that General, and the other
> Officers juft mentioned, a full and exadt Account of
€ the Arms, Cloathing y and other Neceflaries, to be

* fent upon this important Occafipn ; as likewife of

* the Ordnance Stores, and of the Officers and At-

* tend ants belonging theretp; all which beipg ordered
« for this Service, are fuch Proofs pf his Majefty's
c Regard for the Security and Welfare of his Subjefts

* in thofe Parts, as cannot fail to, ex;cite you to exert

* y ourfelf, and thofe under your Care, to take the xnoft
< vigorous Steps to repel your common Danger ; and

* tp (hew that the King's Orders, which were tept yojj
< * laft Year by the Earl of Holdern^ and were re-

* nt wed to you in my Letter of the 5 th of Jufy*

' have

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dcp. Governor. 167

have at laft rouzed that Emulation and Spirit which
every Man owes at this Time, to his Majefty, the
Plablick, and himfelf. The King will not there-
fore imagine, that either you, or the reft of his
Governors, will fuffer the lead Negledt or Delay in
the Performance of the prefent Service, now ftrong-
ly recommended to you, particularly with Regard

to the following Points, viz. That you fhould

carefully provide a fufficient Quantity of frefh Vic-
tuals, at the Expence of your Government, to be
ready for the Ufe of the Troops, at their Arrival*
—That you fhould likewife furnifh the Officers,
who may have Occafion to go from Place to Place,
with all Neceflaries for travelling by Land, in Cafe
there are no Means of going by Sea : And that you
(bouldufe your utmoft Diligence and Authority,
in procuring an exadl Obfervance of fuch Orders

* as Aall be ifiued, from Time to Time, by the Com-
c mander in Chief, for quartering the Troops, im-

* preffing Carriages, and providing all Neceflaries for
c iueh Forces as (hall arrive, or be raifed within your
1 Government.

• As the Articles abovementioned are of a local
: and peculiar Nature, and arifing entirely within
your Government, it is almoft needlefs for me to
acquaint you, that his Majefty will expe6t, that the
Charge thereof be defrayed by his Subje&s belong-
ing to the fame. But with Regard to fuch other
Articles, which are of a more general Concern,
it is the King's Pleafure, that the fame fhduld be
fupplied by a common Fund, to be eftablilhed for
the Benefit of all the Colonies colleftively in North-
Americas for which Purpofeyou will ufe your ut-
moft Endeavours to induce the Aflembly of your
Province to raife, forthwith, as large a Sum as can
be afforded j as their Contribution to this common
Fund, to be employed, provifionally, for the ge-
neral Service of North- America, (particularly for
paying the Charge of levying the Troops to make

M 4 c u£

1 68 . An Hifiorical REVIEW, &c. .

up the Complement of the .Regiments aboveme
UQned) until fuch Time as a Plan of general Urn
of his Majefty's Northern Colonies, tor their co
moil Defence, can be perfected.
* You will carefully confer, or correfpond, as y
fhall have Opportunities, upon every Thing relativ
-to the prefenf Service, with the faid General, Sir
William Pefperell, and Governor Shirley \ or either
of them ; and as it is the King's Intention to give
all proper Encouragement to fuch Perfons who fhaH
engage to ferve upon this Occafion, you will ac-
quaint all fuch Perfons, in the King's, Name, that
they will receive Arms and Cloathing from hence,
and that they fhall be fen t back (if defired) to their
refpedive Habitations, when the Service in America
fhall be over.

4 As the feveral Governors in all the King's Pro-
vinces and Colonies in North America will receive,
by this Conveyance, a Letter to the fame Effe&t
with this which I now fend you, they will be pre-
pared at the fame Time to< obey his Majefty's Com-
mands.— And I am to direft you to correfpond with
all, or either of them, occafionally, as you fhall

* find it expedient for the general Service.'

It is plain by the general Drift of this Letter, that
it related equally to every Gbvernor and every Govern-
ment of North- America ; And yet the Governor of
Penfyhania did his beft to narrow the Application of
it to Penfyhania only. Thefe are his Words. 4 You

* will 'obferve by the Secretary of State's Letter, that
4 it is his Majefty's Pleafure rwe fhould contribute, as
c far as. we can to the having about Three thoufand
< Men in Readinefs to enlift ; that we fhould provide
4 a Quantity of frefh Provifions for the Troops, and

* Nectaries for the Officers that may have Occafion

* to travel by Land r-that the Orders to be. ifiued by
4 the Commander in Chief for quartering the Soldi-
4 ers, and impreffing Carriages, fhould be carried in-
4 to exaft Execution ; and that all Neceflaries fhould
4 be provided for fuch Troops as fhall arrive, or be

Robert H« Morris, Efq.'Dcp. Governor. 169

lifed within this Government. — His Majefty ex-
perts, that as the feveral Articles abovementioncd
are of a local and peculiar Nature, and arifing en~
tirely within this Government, that the Charge there-
of Ihould be defrayed by his Subjects within the
k fame.'

To both thefe Mefiages the Aflembly immediately

applied themfelyes, to prepare fuitable Anfwers ;

and, beginning with the firft, among other Things

faid, c We have the Misfortune to differ in Opinion

* from the Governor, after confidering the Cafe ma-

* turely as it now lies before us j neverthelefs, we do
c affure him, that tho* ia a Matter of fmall Import-
c ance we might hot, perhaps, be very, tenacious of
1 our own Sentiments ; yet, in this Cafe, our All is
c concerned, and if we fhould not aft becoming the
c Rights our Birth, as Englifhmen y intitles us to, we
4 might appear unworthy of the Regard we have al-
*• ready experienced, and have good Reafon to hope

* for hereafter, from a Britijh Parliament.*

c It appears that the Cafe, as ttated to the Attor-
4 ney-General, regards only Emiflions of Bills of
c Credit on common and ordinary Occafions ; and, in

* our Opinion, very little, if at all, affedts the pre-

* fent Bill : And it is remarkable, that there is not
*; the leaft Notice taken of the Aft for granting Five
4 Tboufand Pounds for the King's Ufe, which Gover-
4 nor Thomas pafled without a fufpending Claufe, by

* extending this very Excife /f# for Ten Years, which

* .we have now again extended for the fame Term of
4 Years only, and loaded it with a Grant of Twentv
4 Tboufand Pounds.

* As Colonel Thomas gave his Aflent to that A£t

* after the Receipt of tne additional Inftrudtion,
4 which the Governor has now fent down with our
4 Bill, and as we pre fume he has no other or later
4 Inftru&ions from the Crown, tho* he has fince re-
4 ceived the Royal Approbation, we hope he will not
4 think himfelf more reftrifted by it, than the Gen-

* tletoan to whom it was immediately d\tt&&& \ ^\va

* taut

170 An Hifiorical REV IEW, Sec.

c has never fuffered in his Honour, that we know of,
4 or incurred the King's Difpleafure for giving his
c Afient to that Bill, and at this Time holds a Gb-

* vernment of great importance under the immediate

* Powers of the Grown.

* Governor Hamilton, we find, 'entered into Bonds
c anJ Penalties (among other Things) that he fhali

* from Time to Time, and all Times, hereafter, fo

* long as he fhall continue Lieutenant-Governor of
c ^he faid Province, obferve, perform, and obey all
*'■ iuL h Directions and Inftruftions, which now are, or
4 fhall at any Time be given, or fent to him, by' bis
\ M-fjefiyi his Heirs, and Succeflbrs, or from any
c Perfcn, or Perfons, now afting, or that hereafter

* fhall aft, by Authority from his Majefty, his Heirs

* and Succeflbrs, and purfuant to, and for the putting
c in Execution the fevcral Afts of Trade and Navt-
c gat'ien, ralating to the Plantations, &?r/ which

* Bond, or Bonds of the like Tenor, we prefume our
« Governor may have entered into before he received
"* the Royal Approbation : And yet our late Gover-

* nor feems clearly in his Reafoning with former Af-
c femblies, to have acknowledged he thought him-

* felf at Liberty to pafs Afts of the Tenor of our
c prefent Bill for granting Money for the King's Ufe ;
c and never offered a fufpending Claufe, notwith-
c ftanding his Bonds to the Crown : But whether he

* might, or might not, be fafe in pafling a Bill of the

* Kind mentioned in his State of the Cafe, could rc-
-* gard himfelf only, and does, by no Means, detef-

* mine the Rights we claim under the Royal Charter.

* And we have the Pleafure to affure the Governor,

ft. 9 *

c we have been credibly informed, that the Board

* of Trade, about a Year ago, ftated a Queftion to

* the Attorney and SolHcitor-General, with Refpeft
c to the Validity of this Inftru&ion of a fufpending

* Claufe^ovcr Governments claiming particularRights

* by Charter ; to which they have not yet given any

* Anfwer, that we can learn. And we know, thit
/ /jotwkhltanding two Bills extending the Royal' In*

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor." ijt

! ftru&ions over Councils and Aflemblies in America
4 had been attempted in Parliament without Succefs,

* and a third Bill was brought in with the fame Claufe,
% yet it could not obtain a Paffage there. And we

E ' are informed, that a noble Friend to Liberty and
1 the Rights of the Britijh Subject, a Member of that

• Houfe, expofed this third Attempt fo fully, upon
; tie fecond Reading of the Bill, that the Claufes on
c this Head objeded to were dropt without a Divi<-
' iion in the Committee. And until fuch Acts of
' Parliament fhall be obtained, which we have good
' Reafon to hope will never be impofed upon us, the

* Governor muft agree with us, that it is our Duty to

* defend the Rights and Privileges we enjoy under
1 the Royal Charter.

4 As in the prefent Cafe, we are not bound by
' any Ads of Parliament, and are certainly clear of
1 the Ad limiting the Eaftern Colonies, both as to
K the Force and the Intention of it, we hope the Go-
6 yernor, from his known Abilities and good Will to

* the Profperity of this Province, will immediately di£
1 cern the Difference between this Bill and Ads of
' Aflembly creating Bills of Credit on common and
1 ordinary Oqcafions. What Force Royal Inftruo
c tions may have on Bills of Credit pafled on com«-
c mon and ordinary Occafions is not immediately be-

* fore us, and may be confiefcred at a proper Time.
c Byt we hope the Governor, notwithftanding any

* penal Ifcnd he niay have entered into, will, on

* Refledion, think himfelf at Liberty, and find it

* confident with his Safety and Honour, to give his
« Aflent to this Bill, which may, at this Time, be
1 of fuch great Service to the Britijh Intereft in Ame-

* rica.
. c But if we fhould unhappily ftill differ in Opi-

* luon, • nptwithftanding thefe Reafons, and fuch as

* tave bfien ofliered by our former A0emblies, we muft

* be obliged, ^s our laft Refou^cc, to apply to the
.? Crown for Redrefs, or tp the Lc?rds of Trade, or
J our Proprietaries, as thp Cafq may require \ in

»_j:v >.i«T;

"?frtl * -tt^i *- .

*7* ' J* Hifiericd R EVIEW, &c.

* which, we doubt not, the Governor will favour u£

* with his Afliftance. And in order to furnilh our-
*' felves with every Thing neceflary for our own Vin-
€ dication, and that this Cafe may appear in its full

* Light, we entreat the Governor will be pleafed to

* inform us, whether the Royal Inftruftion is the only
9 Impediment ; or whether he has any farther Inftruc-

* tions from our Proprietaries, which influence him

* in refufing his Aflent to our Bill ? And, if he has,

* that he would be pleafed to lay thofe Inftruftions
c before us for our Confideration/

And the Anfwer to the Second was as follows.
< The undoubted Proofs his Majefty has ever gi-
c ven of his gracious and paternal Affedtion for all

* his Subje&s, however diftant from his Royal Pre-

* fence, and the frefh Marks we have now before us

* of his Care and Regard for the Welfare and Secu-
rity of his Subjects in North America, excite in us

* the warmed Returns of Duty and Gratitude ; and
c we hope we have fully teftified, that we, have no-

* thing more at Heart, in all our Deliberations, than
c to anfwer the reafonable Expectations of the Crown

* from this young but loyal Colony. We have

* ehearfully pafled a Bill for granting Twenty tftoufand
c Pounds for the King's Ufe, which now lies before
c the Governor foi- his Approbaci6n>^and'^^KQpe

* will anfwer all the Purpofes recommende^/ioljiis

* Care by Sir Thomas Robinfotis Letter of me^gih

* of O^^riaft/ y ;; f^\: :

Jt was now the Governor's Turn; and *^-|ceaffer
muft recoll^ft his former Declarations, in Qxd££ Q Xp
wonder enough at his introductory ^ Paragr^h^^i^
was as follows. , V

,,.-:■ . r ,• J I C> -"« <-j *^

€ Gentlemen, when your, Bill for ttntiingJ^enfy

* thou/and Pounds, &c. was before me, 1 du|ty CQQ-

* fidered the dangerous Circumftances in whia^ t^e

* Province was involved; and the abfolute Necelfity
f of fpecdy Mealures to remove the French from their

* En-

Robert H.Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 173

( Encroachments, and this induced me, inftead o*
4 adding a Caufe to fufpend the Force of the A& till
c his Majefty's Pleafure could be known, to fend ic

* back to you, that you might frame fuch a one as £
' was at Liberty' to give my Confent to ; and at the

* fame Time to fignify to you, that I would agree to

* the /iriking any Sum the prefent Emergency might
€ require, provided Funds were eftablifhed for fink-

* ing the fame in Jive Years, that being the Term

* prefcribed by an A6t of Parliament for regulating

* Paper Money in the Eaftern Governments •, and I
1 thought the Reafon of that A& extended here,
€ though the Force of it did not; and I hoped that £

* fliould be excufed, if I fo far relaxed the Inftruc-

* tion upon the prefent Occafion, as to a£t agreeable

* to the Rule laid down by Parliament for the neigh-

* bouring Governments, and I am forry, for the Sake
€ of the Publick, to find by your Meflage, that you

* have fo far mifapprehended me, as to conceive that

* I intended to infijl on the fufpending Claufe in this
4 dangerous Situation of Affairs, which the Words of

* my Meffage do in no wife import* and that upon the
€ whole, you refufe to accede to the reafonable Mea-
4 fures I propofed.' — Proceeding then to Rider" % Opi-
nion -, he would not allow, it regarded only common
and ordinary Emiflions: Said, that if Governor
Thomas was never cenfured for difpenfing with the In-
ferudion*Jt was becaufe the Tranfa&ion itfelf had never
jbeen made known to his Majefty or his Minifters : That
the Fadt mentioned by them, relating to the Cafe laid
by the Lords of Trade before the Attorney and Soli-
citor-General, was quite unknown to him : that,
however, when they fhould report their Opinion, and
Jus Majefty fliould think fit to iffue different Inftruc-
tions, he "ihould endeavour to pay the proper Obedi-
ence : That the Debates in Parliament, &c. had little
Conne&ion with the Matter then before them : That
tho* the Parliament did not agree to give a general
jS^nftioh to all Inftru&ions from his Majefty, yet the

la-

174 An Hiprical k EVI E /T, &c; ,

Inftruftion in question having been the Refult of Ad*
drefies from both Houfes, it could not be doubted but
they would fupport their own Aft: That he joined
with them in Opinion, that the only Method to have
the Validity and Force of the fame finally deterjnineci
tvould be by an Application to his Majefty ; and was
defirous they ftiould lay the whole Affair before his Ma-
jetty's Minrfters : That being, ais he was, in a great
Meafure a Stranger to their Conffitutiort, the Pro*
prietaries Inftru&ions were quite neceflkry to him :
That thofe he had received from thbtn, were fo per-
fectly calculated to promote and fecure the tiappinefs of
the Province, znd fo reasonable in thcmfelves, that they
required nothing of him, but what he fhould have
thought it his Duty to do without them i That tho*
he did not think it quite decent, and he believed un-
precedented, for a Governor to be called upon for a
Sight of his Inftruftions* he would never thelefs com-
municate them to the Houfe Whenever the public Ser-
vice Jhould require it : That, accordingly, he took that
Oppottuhity, to acquaint them, that he had it in
Charge from the Proprietories, to recommend to them
in the moft prefling Manner, tb provide with' all ima-

f" inable Difpatch for the Defence and Safety, of the
rovince, not only by affording iuch Aids as his Ma-
jefty from Time t6 Time fliould require^ bttt b| efte-
biilhihg a tegular Militia, providing Arins arid ^tofes
of War, and building proper Magazines ;. an : 1tA fe
done in fuch a Manner as to B6 leaft burofeilfeM^ t^
the Inhabitants,' and particirfarfy- fo, as pot i$%biffljj£^
afty to bear Arms who were or friight tit ttfafffiiitt
oufly fcrupuloiifs 4gainft it : That lie f eqtfred^f f^
Pert luance df the Proprietaries Ihftruftion£; ; ^4S^
he Was the 'more Urgent in it, bdbtife't^
never had been in more imminent^ Banger tf&ri
at that Time : Tfiat bfeing to give true ^d^exsaft 1 ^-
tofints of the State of th6 ^rovftce J to 'hii ^aj¥fty
attd his Minifters, as well as t6 the : PtbfrierM}s;tei&-
lired a'clt'ar aad determinate Anlwier tb'this £oitit, d&t

- -■■'"• h*

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 175

l^e might be able to lay the fame before his Majefty ia
fuch a Manner as might make the Interpofition of Par*
Uament unnecejfary : That he was really concerned td
find, that inftead of providing for the Articles re-
commended to them by his Majefty, in a Manner a-
greeabk to his royal Dire£lions [It has been already ob~
ftrvedy that no Manner had . been> or could be 9 with
Propriety % directed by the King] they infilled on his
palling the Bill, in the Shape they had fent it up * tho*
before inform'd he could not do it : That he then
again allured them, he would not afient to that or any
othfr Bill for emitting Paper-Money, but upon the
Terms above-mentioned :— He alfo took Occalion t&
add among other Things, that this Difpute fo long
depending, might certainly have receiyed his Majefty 's
Determination long ago, had they applied for it.
[Which y by the Way^ might have been retorted with e-
qua/ Truth on the Proprietaries] — That, were there no
other Method of railing Money for the prefent Ser-
vice, but that by them propofed and infilled upon* ^
their Conduct might have appeared in a more favou-
rable Light : But that as they had, or ought to have
had in Banl^ by the Laws in being, 24* or 15,000!-,
together with, a Revenue of 7,900 /. a Year ; as the
Cit^a^Pfoyincewere in rich ^nd flourifhing Circunv-
ft^p^ V! t£e PftOpJe numerous, and burdpnecj with

l ¥WifT^^r/ t ^^''^^ 8 > h e PPuld notcpnfentto

I^5ye Kll pi^ftd j it b^ing (faid he) a direct Breach

ffl^^wfyw intended to enforce an Aft of

$$f$i$t ,^e jfjxth of Q^dme, which .£ whether

nn§Bra^ ri ^ 1 ^^ *- doubffuj] they knew had beea
ffom«^^ r ,j(^^ in. this and the

^il%ffi^§f!?^ v ^ es# ' Upon the whole, con-

^i^^^j^Uj will cpnfider, Gentlemen, in what

\t n y^u .^illjipp^ %o his Majefty arjd &BritiJb

ifnj^ i?%$ are expending great Sums of Money

^ftjpjce of th^efe CoToiiies, while you, the

^fpY^c^ rnoft epn<;erned as being invaded, ia-

A ^f^^fibutiag towards your own Defence, are

^ntering into an ill timed Controverfy concerning

Ij6 An Hiprical REVIEW, be.

the Validity of royal Inftru&ions, which might have
been determined long ago, and may be delay'd to a
more convenient Time, without any the leaft Injuiy
to the Rights of the People. ' - Let me therefore,
Gentlemen, once more recommend the prefent un-
happy Circumftances pf this Country to your moft
fefious Consideration ; and entreat you to lay afide
(for the prefent at leaft) every Thing that may ad-
mit of any Difpiite, and enter heartily into fuch
Meafures as may beft anfwer the public Expecta-
tions, and affift his Majefty in the' Meafures he has
concerted, and is carrying into Execution, for the
Prefer vation of this Country/

, The Afiemb'y again, as if to give the Governor
Time for fecond Thoughts, fent him up the Reply
that follows. .- r -

4 Before we enter upon the Confiderarion ef the
other Parts of the Governor's Meflage of the 12 4th
Inftant, we muft acknowledge ourfelves engaged
to return him our hearty Thanks for informing us,
that, " as he was in a grdat Meafure a Stranger to
our Cohftitution, and, to be fo highly entrufted by
the Proprietaries, it feemed quite neceffary he fhould
receive Inftrudtions from them. — And notwithftand-
ing he . may think it not quite decent, or may be-
lieve it unprecedented for a Governor to be called
upon for a Sight of his Inftru&ions, yet he "will
communicate them to the Houfe whenever "the pub-
lic Service fhall require it." — In return to this cart-
did Declaration, and the Affuranceht is pleafed to
give us, as well as the ready furnifhing u& wid**Atar
Parts of thofe Inftruclions, we beg Leave to inform
the Governor, that we not only apprehend- it* the
undoubted Right of a Britifb Parliament to addrefs
the Crown for fuch Information as they judge abfo-
lutely neceffary to their Deliberations ; but alio,
that the Proprietary InftruftSons to our former Go-
vernors, have been repeatedly laid before the Af-
fcmblies of this Province.* ... 1 - . ^*— . - "

Here

RttBERtH. Morris, EJq. Dep. Governor. !}ry

Here certain Inftances were recited : And the Se*
t^ixtl was in thefe Words. * We therefore,, under theft

* Confutations, and for that we are of Opinion

* thofe Proprietary Inftrudtions, which the Governor

* is pleafed to inform us our Proprietaries gave hifti

* on their appointing and entrufting him with this Go-

* vernment, are the principal, -if not the fib 9 Ob-

* ftruftions to the palling ouf Bill for granting Twenty
i Thou/and Pounds for the King's Ufe ; and alfo, far

* that whatever Bills we might prepare for this, tit

* any other Purpofe, after all the ExpenCe to thfe
% Country, and after all our Pains in framing them,
1 would be liable to the fame Difficulties, unlefs wfc

* could know what thofe Proprietary Inftru&ions are*
*> We fay, under thefe ConfiderationS, and from thfc
■•■ Regard our Governor is pleafed to exprefs for out 1

* Charter, and our Liberties, we earneftly Requ'eft

* he would now candidly communicate thofe lnftruc-
41 tions to us, as the Time when * * the public Servicfc
u requires it," in the mod particular Manner : For f
k as we are now under an abfolute Neceflity of ad*

* drefllng the Crown, in Support of our civil and

* religious Liberties, in which we have the Pieafure of

* the Governor's Concurrence, and indeed his Ttefirt
V that we Ihould apply to his Majefty on this Occa-

* lion, we muft, in Juftice to ourfetvefc, and in Dff-
*: jdarge of the Duty we oWeto thofe we reprefent,

* «nake *thofe Proprietary Inftruftions, and the Force
^**|id> Validity of therii, the great End of- Our hum-

-fufaleiiiJetkian to the Crown at this Time, unleft

* flA^Sqv^rnbr lhall be pleafed tb Convince us to tht
44tfidrary/

-hi,')''; r\i *■•• .*"'•■

*diU vfais flat riM. the fourth Day after this Meffege «r*4

ibrffentfcd, that the Governor fejoirted * durirtg which

mktvii the Bufineft of the Seffion feeffls t&ha*e beert

#telly it a Stand j and tha Language he then ufed

*sfc*d tfcd following Effect* u That tW the JHtonft

bf Cottm^s had a Right to addfeft the Crown ftff
Information, and former Governors had occ^otoSS^

N \*&

i?8 . *4* Hjjtorieal R E V tEJK^; ;, A
laid particular Induction* >be%e the Airp^lie&^i^
did rv>t think Affem^Jiesjii^ <*, I^ight tp ba^Vj^gtn
all laid before them uppn.Dem^nd j and w^5;ftyjrf)f
Opinion, tb^, their Application; for that Puppofc,
w«*s irregular apd unp,recederjt£d : That it w^tflie,
fte had Proprietary Inftru&tons as all. other Governs
h$d had j but th^t he [who it feems was to be xh^gpfry
Judge] could npt think it ^» for his Majesty'? §fffiiee
Qrthelntereft.of the Province to communicate jfc^m
farther than, he had already done ; eipecially a$ tficy
fcirhpd it as a Right, and feemed induftrioufly to
ek frefti Matter of Difpute about them,, whe£$be
public Service required they fliould be othcrwife em-
ployed, when they expreffed fogreataDifllke toth^lP,
and when they had avowed a Purppfe of making the
Force and Validity of them, , the great End of their
Petition to the Crown, and all this withp\a£ fp mi&h
as knowing, except in what related to a Mi^tia, &c.
what thofe Inftruftipns were : That, havjpgj aligned
the Royal IpftruAion, and the. Attorney «^Qef$% Q-
pinion upon it, as bis Rejtfon? for »$pt., #gf£ein{2j : tp
their Bill for ftrikipg 49i§ool. he ftoulfi b^j^^to
kmw *ip0Bn Wh*% J///?w/^
their Opu^on, that Proprietary Inuru&ipn^ ha4\b^(i

:^e^4M^/;iC;not.tl)6.j^ Pirefloff of his Gpqdu#»
©r-had bpGpHKfo intimately acquainted jvitfy^iftjir^
y»e Senpo^ntjs, as to know, That w^J^^(ii5»r
filing &&mm% WPtijcr : k That he h$ be^ ?b4j(&1
-vas,d*fijP^^T^y &Q^W apply tft ; t^^ojE%£Gfr
a pjBtern^iqa^iop r pf the Pifpu te bc^e^^ilifnft ^ ^f

jhaiJMfce did no? know ^e.fi^/^.n^^jct^^ij^
of the Pepple were M^m/^-^ ^^^^^.tl^fj^di'^i^
which g*ye Rife tp jt, he could \ hav$ ; j^ Jptgffj#p '
&■€*$** -&W dtfticetioQ in.Supp^tf^^g^Pd^ T&#
aa : Invafm #f, thp */y/7 a^d relight^ £&$$& e&*
jPeopfe, was tp be reckoriftf n #^^
Crimes, and was then mpft, aggtjay $^ffihj» SP^mh
ted by thpfe who were bound ^tfel^ ^sjffp^t^^^
ihwJR^QTj. topreferve thiafe i%0ng§ apApS^e&fthe

>

t' m - • " " ' \ ■ .. . .;../;• i-'fi^ii..-''

'"H*.~"

KOBWt¥ Hv Morris, Ef$. Dep. 'GoVernor. 179

-IS^feln the Enjdyment <Jf them: That his facred
^4ijcRfi tffhd had fo fong and fo happily governed
/( $ife People uponr tonflStucional Principles only, dif-
c^feftled a Thought df doing or approving any Thing
^^r was other wife : That a Britijh Parliament would
^V^eftfeem a Royallhftru&ion, ifllied at their own
vjR*q^ft,vand intended to eftforce a good and whole-
f&fiit Law, in the leaft deftru&iveof the tivil and re-
vtiS Liberties of' any Part of hisMajefty'sSubjc&s,
ativer thef, the Reprefentatives * of Penfyhania 9
* 4 tn}ghcdd: That it gave him particular Concern, that
-thtf ilxould purpofely enter into a Difpute about that
fy/frtifliiri, and chufe to publifli fuch Sentiments of his
Majefty*s Government, at a Time, like That*, when a
&*imcb Army were fortifying themfelves in their Coun-
try : That he earneftly recOmntended to them to coh-
fider, whether fuch Expreflions might not have a Ten-
^ctft^ alienate the i AffeSHons of the People from
*rt&;Majfefty*& 'Per/bit and Govtrnthent\ and thereby
§£&$y obftrtoft the 7 Meiafures he was taking at a vqft
It^tite^for the PVefcrvation and Prote&ion of his
^iftg^a^^-that Continent: That he had lately r<*-
^dVc^r«tel^rit^ that Six tboufaniof the bsft Troops
^&%&ce r Wtx£ anally arrived z£ the lower Fort oft
&Hd>ki4 f tojdwere there employed in 1 fortifyipg the
i&undry'^Tnat 1 this ought to convince them, France'
teid'ftiteey'lbtn'e grand Deflgnbn that Continent, and
mvOS the^to-ma^e their firft Attack upon Penfyi-
^^Wtfie'-moft^teritiful and rridft defencelefs Patt
M#hii«Wtejefty f s Dominions, fo in a particular Man-
<liftfi?^l?ehtiVlM them to exert themfelves- according-
, l^lpjflmfct^that'tiemuft, therefore, intreat them once
«&ifc^!b <#ave iXi Difputes till a more Favourable Sea-
W tbOJerifide* f&ftmfly the Dangers their Country
*& e^p^y W*nd not ^ grant the Supplies re-
taii^,*but i €n*tofe l! jifim to raife a ewfi&erabh Botyoi
miH6tetfivpl6y&iinConjUH£7iori with his Majefty's
fcjWjpW iftaolifh* ^ regular Militia, provide the ne-
aJ- ^ J '8$r€s £ e$'#a^r&tt- that the Province for
f Difcipline might no longer be feft an eafy

N a twj

i So An Hiftorical R E VI E W, &ۥ V

Pre^y to a much weaker Body of Men, than were then
encamped within zfew Buys of this City." '

How grofly uncandid and clumfily crafty this
:Rhapfody ipas, appears at the firft Glance; and its #
Operation could not but be fuitable to its Con-
teats.

In (hort : The Aflembly, upon the fecond Reading
of this and his former Meflage, obferving, That the
Governor called upon them to (hew, upon what In-
formation they founded their Opinion, that he was
rcftratned by Proprietary Infiruftions from pafling their
Bill, had Recourfe to their former Proceedings in ri-
latum t to the Proprietaries bearing a proportionable
Part of the Expences incurred on Indian Affairs ; and
the whole having been read and duly confidered, upon
• the Iffue made the following Order, To wit.

c That the Reprefentatiqn from the Aflembly to

* the Proprietaries in 1751, the Proprietaries Anfwer
4 thereto laid before the Houfe in May 1753, and the

* Report of a Committee of Aflembly at that Time

* on the faid Anfwer (neither of which have ds jet been

* made ppklick) be now printed with the Minutes of
4 this Sitting/— And they were printed accordingly .. —
So that the whole Province had now for theiirfl; Time
the whole Cafe before their Eyes, and could hot help
being convinced by thefc emphatical Words, in Clfufe
14, of the Proprietary Anfwer, before ppin^fec£ out,
4 Efpeci^lly if WE mall be induced, frdai;^^tate
c of your Trade* to consent to an Increafe qf your
4 Paper-Currency, ' that Proprietary not .'&<$$ In-
'ftru&ions were indeed the only Qbftacle to the^|)ub|ic

Service, I a £ ,

But we anticipate — The Aflembly 4id,J 'notr-ftop
here ; but unanimpqily came to fiach Refolujibra and
grafted fuch an Addrefs qpon them, as, notwytHttaijd-
ing fome few Inaccuracies, muft ever ^6-a|S J jhoch
Honour to their Underftandings ^s Jufticg p^ their
Caufe, and the noble Principles It was founded
upon. ; " V * r, ""- il M ' 4 .

'"With

Robert H. Moititis, Ufa. Dcp. Governor. j?i

^Wifli a Reference to the Conduct of their Predeccf- *
lpr$ in former Affemblies, and the Succefs of their
ftoneft Endeavours for continuing to them the inva-
• luable Bleflings they enjoyed under their Charters > de-
rived from the Royal Clemency and Goodnefs, and the
J ^ft ice and Benevolence of their Founder, they'fet
out * * and declared themfelves fuffitiently animated by
tHeif Examples to purfue faithfully the fame Path
^hicftjhey had trod before them,
} Having then glanced at the Governor's Evafion of ■
nis Promife concerning his Proprietary In 11 ru&ions,
aiid the Papers which had paffed between the Propria
etaries and the Affembly, as the Ground of their Pro-
ceedings, they inferted the unanimous Refolutions they
had cometo, which were as follow, viz.

€ That it is the Opinion of this Houfe, that the

* late Governor, who was, we prefume, as much

\y bound by the additional Inftruttion to Col. Thomas*

c Mi 74b, as our prefent Governor is or can be, has

c cfearfy admitted in his Reafonings with oar laft Af-

*- fembfy, "That it was an Abfurdjtytoo glaring,

id fuppofe that ahy Government would voluntarily
'lie up the Hands of its Subjefts from ferving it by
*' iuch Means as they are able in Cafes of great Emer-
iic gericy V* and that Col* Tbomas > in pafling the Aft
1 *' W granting 5600 /. for the King's Ufe in the Year *
^1746, by extending the Excife Aft for ten Years,
^ ? WMfo far from afting^ contrary to thd Inftru&ionhe
* j had received from the Lords Juftices in 1740, that
^ the very ^contrary was evident;" and that thefaid
J1% Inftru<9:ion^ : was not -binding upon him from pafling
c , a Bill in 7 C^fo of great Emergency, of the fame
,( * Ten'o/ Wit^ our Bill for' granting 20,060/. for the
■*$ftj^^ft> which our Governor has now been
^P&^i^SfehisAflentto. ' > '

^ tti&i ^ it^ the Opinipn of this Houfe, That the
'* ! fc^ bound by Proprietary In-

^Tftruftf^, and that they may be, and we believe
% f they really art, -or fome of thenv^re, fuch as* inflc-

N 3 * ^w-

C4

iH Jh m/tiri&l RBPIr&f&i fee. i^oH

c pciukat^ the Royal Inftjatftiari, limit w>T$&f$k's
4 him from ptffing A&&+ yrbkh, bty the;R$y$n3ft&tv

* Provincial t Charters, w^hftY0jan^o4ovv!i)t^4 SMgkto
4 tajoffer, and by which hehas$oroughttohav>e, &p\\ -,:•
4 &fewer& *ta give his Afient to, as Governor ) o£ , ithi$r -

* Prcmhce; ; « ; K - , -i 7
v* That ic is the Opinion; of dm Houfe, That thefe -

* Proprietary Inftru&ions, or fome ©ne of njoreuof
4 them, is v or 'arei &e principal, if not the jfr/* t
4 Obftrg&ion to the Paffing our Bill for granting
4 20,000/. for the King's Ufe, in this Time of inv-
4 minent Danger to the Britijb Intereft in Ntrtb.
4 America?-^ Adding, 4 May it pk&fe the Governor*
4 Thefe Refutations, which are forced from us,, we
4 have enteredinto with theutmoftReluctancy*; and*-
4 in Support of them, or any other Part of our pre-
4 fent Condudl, we conceive it our indifpenfible Duiy
4 to cooduft ourfeives precifely within the Bounds of*
4 Sincerity and Yober Reafon, and to avoid every Thing
4 that is not in our Opinion mcejfary to our own juft
4 Vindication/ ; ,.

Yet more to manifeft their Ingenuity, , they de-
clared, in the. next Place, their Readtnefs toretrafr
the Wbok or any Pau of thefe RefoJ yes, on being
convinced by a * Sight .of the , Governor's Proprietary
loftruftions, which it was (till in his JPowei; to cotn-
rtunicatCv that tihey had entertained a wrong Opinion .
of them : But then, till that Ihould be the Cafotjttyey
preiumed the Governor himfelf could not bufo afew,
That thep. -had* good Reafon to fay,. They i/wf£>ui*£er
a^Neceffity of making their humble Applicati^eW^s
Crowa ijxSupp^rt of thttir Civil md ReUgims Liberties:,
and to thinly cas i ; t was raoft jiaturaLthey^ft^Jd,
That, if this, could have been done* it/ woul&h&Sfc
been done •, as alibi that the Gwprnor, at thfcir^Jfce-
queft, would have Concurred with tfafemrm arijAdcfitffs
to the Proprietaries in Support of their; Chatter* v&it
regarded the Royal Infiru^Honsmiy :, Ae&J that^oni rfie*
contrary, as Gircumitances were, their Apprehenfipns
frf the Proprietary Inftru&ions,. and the O^eratjoa of

i

Robert-H. tttb&fe Hy Eff, Dep. Governor, i 8j

rt&fcV r %* d©fekkjg f rhc Bill by Which they propofed to
defrl3nftsft# their 3ieadif*& and Cheerfulnefi in ant
fW^fclfrg ^)t the reaibnable Expeftations of the Crowd* '
coiil<3 adt but be vreli grounded : So th^t itwai wkh
extitemk Concern, they found their Governor, who v
was, or ought to be, let over them for their Proceci-
tiOiH ^deavouring to reprefem them in 2 Light they
d&ejh*iwi& abhorred* '

* c The Governor is but in the Beginning of his Ad^
c ffimiftt-ation/ faidthey, * and if, when he received
4 the Proprietaries Commiflion, he was, u in a great
c * ftfeafure, a Stranger to our Conftitution," we ap-

* prehend^he ftill continues a Strange** not only to out
4 Conftitution, but to the Inhabitants, if he does riot.

* certainly know, that the King has not a more loyal

* People among all his Subje&s, than the Inhabitants
4 &r^ and have ever been, fince the firft Settlement

* of this Province'; neverthelefs, they are convinced
4 J&ey'ough t not to be governed- by Proprietary In-
4 ft*u£tions in Oppofition to their Charter, which is,
4 in our Opinion, the Foundation and San&ion of
4 oi*r C\r\\ and Religious Liberties; and especially if

* thefe Iiiftrdftidns muft be fecreied fromtfoem, and
4 by that Means the whole Countr^ left without any
4 foaoWftRlilc of their Condud. And itfurprizes ua
4 esttrfc*rfily, ^ thkt a Requeft of this Houfe, refpe6ln ?
c foilyjiddreflfed to the Governor; that he would be
4 ^ife4 t^ lay before us thofe Inftrnftiorii, or fuch

c W$bt< of ^toem ! as might relate to cfte immediate ;
V^Vic^f'theCfowtv and to the Prefer virion of thl*
'^^^ifty^C^ony, in order that we mighsefamiei^
t;kdto4%& they interfered with that AWegiaace the

* &\&^eX^skhemkWtd, and alt ofrus, owe to the.
4 tibowhip #t? with the Privileges grimed by Our Char-
4 ^ft,^ft^uW be represented by our Governor a$ an

4 ^Aflb^aii^^mtghi? Wave a Tendency to alienate the/
44 ^i/^a6l!k>n^6fth©P^|>leJOf this Province from his,
•^hfejfcfty^ ^Ton {knd Government* and thereby
te^^j$$ctvfo the Meafures he is taking, at a vaft
io'sz^iu^jQ xn •'•^N^ •''■ ' ' ' v^ Ex*

l«4 - 4n WprUalREVlEWt&c; :

cc Expence, for the Preservation and Protection of
€C his Subjects upon this Continent." That? thus

* contending for the Rights granted us by the Royal

* Charter, which is the known Rule of our Con-

* duft, (houlcj have a Tendency of that Kind* undri"

* a King, who has been graciouQy pleafed to declare,
** Tha»t nothing in this World can give him fo much /
*« Pleafure as to fee his Subjects a flouriihing and
" bappy People,*' is fo foreign from our Thoughts,

: * aaa we truft will be fo foreign to every impartial

*' Cdffftru&ion, that we may fafcly leave it without

' " 4 ' any further Remarks of our own. But if it (hojuld

* have a Tendency to alienate the Affe&ions of the

* People from being bound by private Proprietary In-

* ftructions, the Blame is not with us, who have

* never been confulted upon them; ard if we had
* •* been confulted, fhould have thought ourfclves

* obliged to declare, that we have a great Diflike to

* proprietary Inftruftions, and that fo far as they are
4 againft the Prcu-pgatives of the Crown, or an In-

* fringement of our Charter, they are illegal, and
*' void in themfelves."

They then cite Sir William Ketib's Declarations con-»
cerning Proprietary Inftru&ions before inferted ; and
at the fanje ..Time intimate, that he was the firft Go-
vernor who gaye Bond for the Performance of them.—*
In Aofwer.to that Part of the Proprietary Inftruflbions
Vfhich the Governor had fo cbearfully laid before them,
concernipg a Militia, &c. they begged Leave to fay,

* That, as it requires Money to be levied upon the

* People for providing Arms and Stores of War, and

* building Magazines, we are of Opinion it may be

* Time enough to deliberate upon it, when we are in-

* formed how far he is at Liberty by his Inftruftions
*~ to pafs our Bills ; and- whether himfelf, or the Re-

* prefentatives of the People, are the proper Judge*

* of the Manner of raifing iuch Monie5. And whea
f thefe our Civil and Religious Rights are fecured*

* we cannot doubt all will rife up as one Man in
?§?!># of pur King, our Country, and our Char-

Robe rx H. Morris, Eft* Dcp. Governor. 1 85
* -ters^acGording to pur feveral Stations and Abi-

- vGWmifig then ta the Governor's State qf their Re-
venue, they (hew, He was as much a Stranger to Thai
as to the People and the Conftitution ; and, that in*
ftead of having 14 or 15,000/. in Banfey they could
hot have above 7,000/. as alio, That, what with-the
wry large Sums they had paid for the Support of
Government and for Indian and other Expences,
their Treafury and Loan Office were almoft quite
exbaufted. — After which they proceed as follows :
4 But admitting the Governor's Computation in all

* its Extent, it Twenty Ibpufand Pounds * as he is

* pleafed to inform us* will go but a very little Way
4 to raife and maintain fuch Troops as he may think
'*' neceflary, and, without which we had hetter, in his
4 Opinion, do nothing at all, how can the 'incotifi-
' derable Sum we have any Power over, anfwer his
4 Demands, though we (hould ruin the Perfons now

* outftanding in our Loan Office, by the immediate
c Sale of their Lands ? We are unwilling to make
4 any further Remarks on this Head, which has, we
" 4 find, been heretofore infilled upon by our late Go-
c vernor, but carries with it, as we conceiye, fuch
' Appearances of Severity, without anfwering any
'good Purpofe, that we think it our indifpenfible
4 Duty to oppofe it, as far as in Juftice we may ;
'and now more efpecially, when we have offered a
' Bill which would raife a generous Sum of Nloney
' immediately, for the Ufe of the Crown, in a Man-
c nerthat would be moft eafy and molt agreeable to

* us all. Whilft we are upon this Article, as the Go-
' vernor muft be in a great Meafure a Stranger to our
' Accpunts, we take the Liberty to remark, that the
' Proprietary Patents make, as we are informed by
' the Truftees, near one Half of the Mortgages now
' butft&nding. Thefe, after paying for their Lands
>' out of the Money borrowed from the Province, are

'** to improve them with the Remainder, if any ; and

* as they qnuft have Shelter for themftlves at leafly

4 WfltNtt

i$6 An H$oriedl R Em EW, 1&x i^oft

however mean, and forrfe JL^nd cleared J$ft^&&fah
Subfjftence, .it ncceffarily puts>fchem in JVsrGfrJtadejns
them be ever fo honeft and ^ i^d^ftriou^v1wfe^ft ^ *bfc '
Purchafes of fuch their Lands are veppftafti^ly £(M&r
$>lied with on .granting : i^^%et^s % -^^%^o'0f '
which, we prefume, may; b^ve been* remind ,t&
Great- Britain r and makes a very fenfible DipitvutirP *
of the Silver and Gold current among ast So thai ^ti >
Ranks of People, however flourifhing the, Governor
may be pleafed to reprefent us, complain juftty for
Want of a dye Medium to carry on our Tfade:
.But as this Enquiry is not immediately before us*
wc* (hall at prefent leave it, and proceed to inform
the Governor yet farther, that his Computation of *
our annual Income is alfo too high ; for as' our Ex-
cife, communibus Annis> yields about <Xbree Tboufan^
Pounds (out of which Five Hundred Pounds is yearly-
applied towards finking the Sum of Five ^boujand^

\Poy,n$s % heretofore granted to the King's tlfe) \ the
Intereft payable into the Loan-Office is fl^bahpiit
the fame. Sum : A.tvi his, Erf pr in the l^ft i Awcle^ -
i we prefume, mi^ht arifif, upon a Supgpftk chat
our whole principal Sum of $£% fboufand Pounds *
was always yielding an'Interei^i\.bvtth|S;1i^i ew
been found iinpra<5ticable, ^s /qpnfi^efi^ §&m$ -
muft b$ continually changing Hands, byj VklU&of '
our rcreraitting 4$^ Bcfides which, the^^yimrfe ?
has, out of t\\u Principal Sum, lent confi^bfaift? *
Parts of it, without yielding any |nterefl-|?g iti&\ >
and particularly a Debt from the £ity of jP£/£fl4&
pbia x ftill due upon the firft and f?cpn4^^^o^-
/and Pounds &&$> long fince ^xpir^d^ j^njiUfjBniia. f
that is in pur Hands, it would; be ynjuftj t^j&a&i-. *
pute an Intereft arifing frprr? jt* r: pt } upliriaidviiiH '*
with it, as Money which ougfrt jt£ bavSabeeii i^ -
our Hands by I*aw, whilft fqme may ffefflknwe *
have no Power to fue for v *r by s;$htf] jyta£/u\"
Being.' x < • ^ ^ *>

Again : Concerning the Royal Infiruffions^ ox A'£t ' J

of Q± Anne r fajd to haye been faamefully Jligbted and

Robert Jfifl Iflxacki&i Ejq. Dep. Governor. \t?

difti^rfl^l in ffrdt and the neighbouring Provinces, they
arffiedTfctt*^ 4 Theneighbburing Provinces muft ap-

* 4^M^themfelves * but, fo far as regards this Co--
« fefc^ ^firid; by the Vttfcs ofthe Houfe, that whilft
' 'CokWl Tbctoas had tfee Aft before him, for emitting
c ^dl^etfiittittg £*£jS#j? Tbouf and Pounds > this very

* A&ttf *h6 Sixth Of Queen Anne was confidered, \
4 debadedy and fo fully explained, chat although Ex-

4 change was then higher than at this Time, hje (who

1 y* as undoubtedly under the fapne Oaths and Bonds

4 *o» obftrvfe the Afts of Trade with our prefent Go-

4 Pernor) after mature Deliberation, gave his Aflcnt

4 » that Aft on the Nineteenth of A%, 1739V

4 whichy after having been recommended by the

4 Merchants in England trading to this Province, as

44 an Aft not only reafonable, but likewise heceflary

44 for carrying on the Commerce of this Country,"

4 theKiirg was pleafed to confirm it in a full CounqU

4 on the Twelfth Day of May following. What then

4 th* Governor does, or can mean, by faying, we

4 khoW'thk this Province has ftiamefully flighted a

*■ Rt^^'lafttiiftiort; intended to enforce an A6t of

* the&tftti Of Qeteen Antne; i$ what Ware entirely

* »a iiofsitri iqii^ine'; neither can we fcohceive. any
4 f*&&& M^fohi #hy our Governor ThoiHti chufe to
4 call Cttr Bjfl for granting f&enty Tboufahd Pdunds
4 fefifhe'feitig's Viti a Bill for ftrlking FbftyVhoufani
4 PtotAtf without atfy further Explanation, though
filter 1 Sitflttd' Been repeatedly under his Confidera-
4 $&*^ c k 'frdtilcf be* perhaps, tod unkind to fup-
4 j»fe is^fiillitielf, and the Contents of it, would
Vifl^illf^Pi^babilky'i^ unknown to our Superiors,
\ fbttherJ itikW ] the Grant to the Crown, he could
r ^vfei|h|! Jeift Intention to nlifreprefeht the Purport
< «f fep&ndvfor this Reafon we leave it entirely to his
1 iwnAR^e^ibh. The "Title of that Bill is, 44 A*
44 ^Aftwfor ftrikirtg Forty ^houjand Pounds in Bills of
44 Credit, land for granting twenty Tboufand Pounds
•5 Mfcreof to the ^IngS ufc* and to provide a Fund

igfr AnUifiorkal REV IE W, &c/ /*
ct for finking the fame; and' for applying tfe Iftpv
" mainder to the Exchange of torn and ragged 1^If$
4C now curreftt in this Provincei" and the Govern^
'* well knows, k adcls no more to our Paper Currency
* than, the very Ttoeniy Thoufand Pounds granted tn#
4 King, and even that ftruck for no other Keafori th^f
4 to anfwer the immediate Call of the Crown, and tcl
4 make the Grant effectual.' : '[

In Anfwer to the Governor's Affertion, That the ~
French were already in Poffefllon of Part df their;
Province, they inftance the Language conftantly ufed
here at Home : To wit> That the French had invaded
his Majefty's Territories in Virginia ; as alfo a M^p
then lying before them, founded on Authorities iuj>-
plied by the Board of Trade and their own Proprieta-
ries, wherein every Fort built by the French is placed
heyond the weftern Boundaries of Penfylvania ; arnd
they again took Refuge behind the Cautions To mi-
nutely exprefled and ftrongly infifted upoh in the
firft Letter from the Secretary's Office: Urging, That
while the two Crowns were ftill in a State of ^Amity,
it could anfwer no good Pijrpofe to Contravene them t
Ahd that the King himfelf, having moft gracioufly
interpofed, it would be more prudent and' becoming
to confider him as the moft proper Judge of the Limits
of" his own Dominions. . -

In their next Seftion, they difpute the Probability
and almoft the Poffibility of the Arrival of facfr a
Body as 6ooo of the beft Troops of France at the
Lower Fort upon the Ohio y as aflerted by the Gover-
nor: Infinuate, that fuch Accounts would have de-
fer ved more Credit, if they had been' tranfmitted
from GfwegO) near which they muft have rveceffarily
pafled ; and from whence very minute Intelligence was
received of the Pafifage of thofe Forces which firft laid
the Foundation of the Enemy's Strength upon the
*Q$ia ; and kaye theSFad to reft upon its own £ vi-
olence.

' ' Aftef

Robert H. Morrjs, Eft* Dep. Governor. 189

.^Lfbfjtbif referring to their Dttpute with Governor
tim*, and the Information they gave him of an
tflofl 'frorn the Crown, not to paft any private
pr A& of Privilege to any Individual, without
j^pciing Cjaufe, which had never been tnforced
)&t proprietaries orobferved by any Governor, they
ad 4 TN^ccflity of informing the Governor, though
mzh great Reluftance* 4 That, in the Year 1735, Go-
vernor Gordon pafled an Ad for vetting more eflfec-
^|»a% certain Lands in George M.Call % in ^direft

* ContradiAion to that Inftrufcion* without the leaft

* Itantion of a Sufpending Cteufc.*
J&oA with an Elevation of Sentiment, Stile and

Manner, feldom feen in publick Papers, they finiffi
their Reply as follows :

~1~^ j^sw$ have Reafon to believe die Aflcmbly was
4 then acquainted with that Inftru&ion, and as the Bill

* pa#|culariy related to our honourable Proprietaries*
* « ouf laft Aflcmbly, not withftanding the indtfereet Call
* upon them, contented themfetves, from Motives of
^^i^ftf^Ce^nd Moderation, witb barely pointing out
*; ^^Traofadion, io Hopes our honourable Proprie-
'^qrfal vtfotjld fee themfelves at lead: equally concerned

^tijfe Reprefentati ves of the People both in Fad;
|fyghv and thereby might be induced to join
cordiany with the People of this Province, in vindi-
30£g pur Charter from the continual InfraBion of
' ^ {$iru$iiQns\ which, if they rtiuft operate in the
r7 ^n^erthe governor 4s pleafed to contend for, and
4 (^Proprietary lhftru£Hons muft be binding upon
^ii^al^b t t^JRights derived to us by the RoyaiCh2LV-
i^^^^z.^m-only^ whilft the very Effenee of it is
r W^ually deftrbyed : Under the Sanation of which
I ; l "Qia^er f fc , fober, ipdoftrious People, without any
> i^ c (C^|f & to the Crqwji or the Proprietary, firft fettled
\ l i3m Wiictetnefe, and by their Frugality, and the
^'»q^^ the Foundation of a^

* flouriming Colony, which already, within the ordi-

* nary Life of a Man, has made a confiderable Ad-
dition to the Dominions of the Crown,, by an In-

B^

• •

* creafe of dutiful and loyaLSubje&s, aixi^^ls no

* mean Rank in contributing to the -!Weftlth' iEfidPVffiSe

* of our Mother Country. ; ''?- ■vPi P. f '*.

4 Whether the above Aft for granting fy$ ^ifufikd

* Pomfr- for the King** U$, or the Aft for ^ftnig
« Lands in Xteorge M'Call y were fever fent- ftertne f or
c the royal Approbation, very little concertis ii$* ;as,
e we prefume the Transmitting our Adts is tHeirmri^
c diate Duty of our Proprietaries* or thdt* Lieute-

* Dants, in Purfuance of the Royal Charter* which ^e

* .look upon as the anterior filemyi Royal Inftruffion y for
c the Rule of their Conduff, as well as of vurtnvm :

c Upon the whole; from what we have ftid^r we
c prefume it evidently appears, that Proprietary -Tii-
c ftru&ions and Reftriftioris upon their GovettforSi as
■-*, they have occaGonally been made a Part of the Pub-
Mick Records at different Times, have been judged

* and refolved by our Governor, Council, and the-Re**

* prefentative$ of the People", either, - >

* i. lnconfiftent with the Jegal Prerogative of
* the Crown fettled by A6k of £^Hiai#cta&

* 2 V Or a pofitive BrtacKdf the Charts c# BHV^
'- 4 < leges to the People; J * '■* * v i i % '"

c 3. Or abfurd in their Gonclufion^ iufcl ^Ikfrc^ .
.' c fore impradicable. ' :■ ' f -^

< 4, Or void in themfelves.^Therefbre* 1 — ; iv '
* Whenever the Governor IhaU be pleafed to-lay

* his Proprietary Inftru&iorcs before us i for out 4 E*a*
k mination, and if then they fhou Id appear tasbfc-^
c the feme Kind as heretofore, hit good - Ju£gn$&fr
i fliould lead him to conclude, thacfu^fe^^^dSiQ-
** derations in Life^ as our Allegiance tcfct&e CftS*?*;

* or the immediate Safety of thd Colony* i Q?# aift!*&f-
c ficient Inducements for hirti to difobef ili^^ riot-
c wkhftanding any Penal Bonds to the coritrWy/ 1 ^?
c lhall chearfully continue to grant -fuch Furthetf&j*ftk

/ of Money for the King's Ufe,^ as tb*Gii^ft^iices

* of the Qountry may bear, and in a Mfcnhe*^<jut|ge-
Meaft Burthcnfome to the Inhattttaft- of-ttis PttH

* vincc, 1 ~-- — '•---"■:* -\ - :-' * ^\--y-

Laftly :

Ro5?ftr f lJ. lfiq*R.W ■ Efq., 0ep. Governor. 19 1

on s^^xJh^fSte ^^t te able to fet all Impu-

^^m>m4lMifolx&S**$9Fl whatfoever at Defiance,

they applied themfelves tp^ fipd out fpm? Expedient*

^^W^b^.S^cg /^commended to them by the

sfiiWW^iffl^t; be prompted as far as in them lay, evert

iW" | il^' t !^.p9P c P | y» , 5 c , °f the Governor. In Or-

ri^iW/WWsHt havbg,thoroughly weighed the Con-

Ifil^^SV Thomas RMnfm's laft Letter, and the State

ftC/dlW Prpyir>cial Treafvuy, in which there was fcarce

-,f/of){ui remaining, they unanimpufly refolved to raife

JfrvtXboufand Pounds on the Credit of the Province,

foivcb? ^ iAjccommodation of the King's Troops ; and

^gftW>?rcd certain Members of their own to negotiate

tjje v l 1 #an, and allow fuch Intereft as fhould be found

.r?i;^fe?ijQ9tm;p^erfy* however, which this new Go-
t vjeipp^ ^ been To ingenious as to work up to fuch a
J?if chja fo fhort § Time, was by the Continuance of
the fame Ingenuity, to be flill continued as warm as

/?7?F/jji,2oiji-i ■>--

tWI ^l ^hkb be complains to the Afiembly, of the
Very great Obfcurity* unnecefTary Repetitions, andun-
| 9fi^W r lgijParagrftphs contained in their laft Perform-
ance; and thro* the whole manifefts that Sjpirit of Per-
Vcrfenefe] jyh&h is but too prevalent with mpft Men
?flt&§ )j^ pccafions. Of the Inaccuracies before
^^gc^fj^dg^d in that Performance (and which arc
jyr^gpgjunjiyoUable in Pieces drawn up from a Va-
f^j^u^M8gP^P $ i ,*K»4 fubjeft to a Variety of Al-
tffi^gn^ai^. Additions) he takes all thd Advantage

^^b^^^eWiW^^ foul tht Water, though he
q|JW*oj^t^Currcnt..

-*M W$& t^finrifefs to wajde thrpugh all the Minute-
8lfo$ jfo#4fou* a Qomeft ; and Odds if the Rea-
Wm^9fiHy^ the, Writer }n thfc Midft of ic ,
^Bffmi&if&Wk^s poflible, therefore; his Paper
^^o^m^M/tWM; jhe Aflembly was Candid and
ogffl. ciS^i^^W W* allow, that he had promifed
them a Sight of his Inftru&ions : wkh Regard to

fe»*Se*<*i£l£

tgft An Wfiarkal REVIMPf^ ;&C.i^i5t

their Bill for granting lo^Opol. to the Htirg* vikihl
was lb far true^ tecaufe he d>uld have /^£ regaiNd^
&#l particular Meafore : Hfe .^c>uW ,not:a!tew^ri£ja
he had r^preferitfcd/ their tfppikatiM for f hdffc Inftmfr
troqs, ^ havings Terid^i>cy to aiieriate the 4§*&im
of -ritfe People, from the King •, which *as atioOTJt*
becaufe fudl his Repfelcncation had bee$*iconfindd<ti8r
4az Expreffions they had made Ufe of, coneeromg cfc
In^afiott pf tfaeipopiV and religious Liberties 5 the -tat
ef .which is indeed no otherwife tobe accounted rfia
than by the Dematod made upon them* to eftablifl
Militia, and thereby oblige thofe to carry Attm^m
made it a Point of ConfcienCe, to difavow Refinance
by Force: Thofe Expreffions, he would aeeds:»4a»n»
it, had the. Tendency he afcribed to them r^cafcfei
* he very well knew how /a«i the-Peopte vtefTe<tf*heiii
1 v Cumncy^ and how flvttfe to any Rejtrainft upm it;?
—He endeavoured to embroil them witkibe ^rowft^
for having called the ^f«^iWinl^ftiei^^i^frtt^
lion of the Royal Charter.— *—*Hg: reproached thetni
both with Ingratitude and Injufikd* fob Bdng]>^lfeifedt
to be angry with their Pfoprimrits ;«^~*Jdn vmSicib*
ing the Affeftions of thofe Gentlemen to* the' Prev%>ce^

he derived his Argument frbm tfeeir Itimijft'Axi it \

and he is peremptory, that, inftead of entertaining
Defigns to iti Vade the jaffi Rights and Praviiegpsf of
the Inhabitants, there was nothing they fo'^mrtrh^*

tefttd and abhorred : He adherfcd to the Refohitiot^

he had taken, ncverthelefs, not to lay hi§ InfiruaUns-
before them zxzbnt Time ; being fen (able they wefc no
way tieceflary, arid that the AfSmbty, having ikedebf 1 *
declared them deftru&ive to'thfrit LibeAie^, they wire?
Hot in a proper Temper for theConfidcratiQ&offcNdb:'
. f— i-To fhew he was mt teftrained by ;Pro$Hetafd$xSk
ftrudk»is from paffing Bills for the Defence w tfpe
Country, he declares himfelf ready to paft a Liwfo&
eftahliining a Militia, &fc. atidffdr emitting ^fSumi
hi Paper Money, on Proptitt&rj Terms V that is*q&
Iky* tin fiach funds as' nughfcfink the fafite > io* -$&&
Y*ar$ *•— lie perfeferes in maintahiirigv ,$ha&th$ A£fa

of

tttifitkr tl MoRRfs, Efq. Dep* Governor. 193

bf the Sixth of Queen Anne had been ftjamefully
ffcgh*4 even in their Province \ bfccaufe Pieces of
l£aghtw*re then* and had been for many Yeats paft*
fiwwi lit* at Seven Shillings and Six Pence; whereas*
•ecoedfyg ic that Ad, they fliould pafs for She Shil-
li*gs o*fy : As if Money, like ail other Commodities*
wooWstoc find and fix its own Value* fa Spite of all
the Precautions and ProVifions the Wit of Man could
iffcac:— He alio maintained) That) on a Re- Etc*
r tarnation of the Provincial Accounts, their Revenue
wa*' 7,381 /. per Annum, clear of the 500 /. per An-
fen* far linking the 5000/. formerly given for the
KingfrUfc ; and, that the Sums due, and which, by
the Laws in being, fhould have been paid in the Sep*
mSer preceding, amounted at kpffc to 14600 A
ie averred they could not but be fenfible that the
0,00a/. Currency they propofed to give, and call*
4 s gemma Sum* was very infiefficient to anfwer
ft Exigence, and that it was not Two Pence
r the Pound, upon the juft and real Value of
ftfiftate? of the Province : And, in fhort, he (aid
hatfoever eMe occurred to him, which could favour
a Purpofe of figuring bete at Home: as if he was
mil Refpofto right, and the Affembly in all RcfpedU
long;

Argutnentatively then, if not hiftorically, we havtf
m, the Merits of the Cafe before us, and may fafely
tNMurce^ That, if JnftruB'tons may or can be con-
fJKad into Laws, Inftruftions are then of more Va^-
I than Proclamations > which do not pretend to any
•h^ Authority.— That, though Grants from the
•wn are in the firft Inftance Matter of Grace* the
Afcft may claim the Benefit of them as Matter of*
jfcbfc^That when the Prerogative has once laid
fc Reft rain t on itfelf* nothing fhort of a pofitive
frof Forfeiture, or Aft of Parliament, can autho*
—to any Species of Refumption.— That if a fubfe*

ClnJlruOim may cancel or obviate an wiginai
f Charters, under all the Sanftiohs the Prero*
ftffarc xan give them, are no better than Quick finds.
o O — TW

*k. _-

194 Jn Hiftmcd REV I E>W, &c: , , S
—That in the Charter given to William Penft r Tt^\\
and folemnly accepted as the Bafis of Govetn#}ept
by hi$ Followers, there is no Referve on tho 3$w
of the Crown to tie up the Province from making ..
the fame Ufe of its Credit, .which is the Privilege of
every private Subjeft.— That, notwithftanding all
the pretended Sacro-San&itude of an InftruciiQn, pro-
bationary at firft, neither renewed or referred to dire3»
fy or indirectly ^ by his Majefty or his Minifters after*
Wards, and virtually difcharged by a fubfequent Ad^
of Parliament, which exprefly reftrained fome Colo*,
nies, ahd confequently left the Reft in Pofleffion of
their ahtient Liberty, the Governor was notQrjQufly
ready to difpenfe with it on Proprietary Terms.— r-That
the Difference between five and ten Years for finking
the Bills was a Point in which the national Intereft
had no Concern.— ^That if the Eaflern Colonies* whicii
were thole reftrained by the faid Aft, naight* never *
thelefs, in Cafe of Exigence, make new IfTues.of Par
per-Money, thofe unreflrained might furely do.th«
fame in the like Cafe, on fuch Terms and after Jfi^ch
a Mode as appeared moft reafonable to^ thcmfelves*
— That, according to all the Reprefentation$,o£ sfyt
Governor to the Aflembly, if true, the Fate q£ the
Province if not of the Public, depended on theijn giy-
ing a Supply. — That, confequently, no Exigency*Gqul<
bevmore prefllng than the prefent, nor Emiffion d

Paper-Money better warranted .And that he POtyUJj*

neverchelcfs, leave the Province expofed to oX\ the C?*
lamities which that: Exigence could pofBbly bringing*
on it, or upon the Service in general,, rather tjh^jv]gj$a
up one Proprietary Item. — Whereas the Difticulty-ipi^
pofed upon the People manifeftly was, e«hcr ta •)&%{%
Prey to their Invaders, or give up every Privilege
that nr>ade their Country worthy ^efending.-^^pi^i
flieWs, in the fulleft, cleareft and. moft unanfwer^W*
Manner, that all Proprietary Interpolition bep^eeat^c
Sovereign and Subjeft is alike injurious to both : v An^
that the SoJecifm of an Jmpcrium in Imperio f 'iiQy\$ j
hardly !be more emphatically illuftrated* ^ ,~- . ^

To /

RoBERfrft. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 19^

*p¥J> tfiW£ro*n, under this Difficulty, the Afiembly
^Bif^t it high Time to' make their Appeal; in*
COhfTdence, thap a fair and modeft State of
fe^isrOuld reebrhtaend them to the Royal Pro-

t^aSi; x iM fkteeri them from the Malignity of their

Tliafc the Governor, however, might not, in the
mtaii THne, remain ignorant of their Sentiments,
t^ey thtfde toother Application to him by Meffage;
iA #hith they apprized him of what they had done,
afld of thdr joining Iffue with him in fubmitting their
Caufe to his Majefty's Decifion ; as alfo, of their In-
clination to adjourn till May, for the Sake of their*
own private Affairs, to relieve the Province from the
Eipfcnce they fat at, and fufpend the Uneafinefs'
which a Cdriteft, like to be ehdlefs, and in which they
ere treated with fo little Decency, had given to
tfem. ' Arid having thus, as they obferved, reduced'
hat immtdiafify concerned them, within a narrow
ompafs, w they fttft declare, it was hard for them to' #
ittjjedttftfi How the Governor came by his Know-*
$£ of the Pfcbple's Fondnefsof their Currency, and'
iterfibfi to Reftraints on that Head ; feeing they had^
S {ietittciried for any Increafe of it, nor the Aflem-^'
y bfl&red any fucR 'pill, during his Admlniftration,
•"itfptf that which Comprehended the Sum given for'
ilSr^stJfe; and that only as the be(f Method \
H^tbujjddevife for making the Grant effe&ual :—
rt^fiftalf of the late AfTemblies, they next "infi- '
Ik^fliat'wlifen they did offer fuch Bills they were'
.P8f r irVSfV moderate Sum; founded on minute*
licufettM^t)f s their Trade; and guarded againft the^
ffifg^df depreciation, by fuch Securities as long'
fehcehad fliewn to be effeduil :— Proceeding
v to thfe Governor's Re- Aflertion concerning the'
itteflil'^fifehts piit tm the Money-'A : <5t of Queen
#, ^ifief appeal to the TeftimOny of the Board of

K-ri&ie 'Ih^fcvOut* of their cwn a$ a reafopable Aft,
Li fff*heK<^! Sari&ion giveri thereto, by which it is'
•xtered, t\\$~ihtif Provincial Bills ot Ctedvt ^^

j 9 6 . A* Mifiorifd REV I EWi &tt n5!

lawful Money of America^ according to the fyid :A$
of (^ Anne \ as alfo to the Cqtjrfe of Exchange ever
force, as a full Confutation of h}$ Charge:— Tfiby*
farther plead a Neceflity to differ from hiini \$%\
State of the Publick Money j affure him the Gptn.
putations he relied upon were made without Skill, qj:
a fufficient Knowledge of their Laws ; adhere 69 the
Jufticeand Re&itude of their own State; maintain,
that by the Laws in Being, 7000/. was the moft tfyfy;
had power over ; which Sun), fince their I^ft Settle-
ment, had been greatly reduced by the very heavy
Charges of Government.— And, having recapitulate!,
what the Governor had been pleafed to fay concern-
ing the Infufficiente of their CJf^nt, &c. conclude in
the following fpiritcd Manner.

4 What the Governor may thinjc fufficient, is as
much a Myftery to us, as he may apprehend his
Proprietary Inftru£fcion$ are; but, we perfume, it
may be fufficient for all the Purppfes in Sir "Thomas
Robinfon's laft Letter, and as much or mofe than,
we think, can be reafonably expe&ed frbm us. H<>w
the Governor became fo fuddenly acquainted with
the real Value of our Eftates, is npt eafy to con-
ceive j but we If now from long Experience, hav-
ing many of us received our Birth in this Province,
that the Inhabitants are not generally wealthy or
rich, tho* we believe them to be, in the main, fru-

fal and induftiious, yet it h evident that their
<ands are greatly encumbered with their Debts to
the Publick. From thefe Considerations, ^re are
obliged to think the Governor's Eftimation of bur
Wealth is undoubtedly too high, unlefs he includes
the Value of the Proprietary Lands; for, by the
Report of a Committee of Affcmbly in Auguft*
1752, it appears, that the Taxables of this Pro-
vince did not exceed Twenty-two Tfoufand ; and
the Grant we have offered of Twenty tbpufand
Pounds, from the bed Calculations we can make,
doth at lead amount to five Times the Sum that
hath ever been raifed by a Tvpo&nny T%x through

' this

t Robi^M. Morris, Efq. Bep. Governor. 197
^ ^$m£j Province. As we think the Governor fcan-
isWsM* f^npetcnt jodee of the real Valufc of
^^^Igt^est in this little Time of hii AdminMhi-*
y-fiiom and as we have now fubmitted our Caufe to
•iff 88r*£ ^termination, we conceive ourfelvcs lefs
** ( co^Cf^ncd in his Computations of our Eftates* what-
s/$%m miay be,

r jr4(jbe Governor is pkafed to inform us* " That the

* Jptoprlctaries are too nearly interefted in the Prof-

f?^y °f ^ Cpuntry, to do any Thing to its Pr^~

|$<$ce* gpd he fhould have imagined that the Peo-

V<jouJd not now ft and in Need of any Proofs of

te } Proprietary Affe&ion, or fufpeft them of hav-

I i **$ *fP7 ^fig ns to invade their juft Rights and Prt-

I * vilegcs, which, he is confident, they deteft and ab-

I ( hgf ." . We canriot fuppofe the Governor would

mean they deteft and abhor our juft Rights and Prr-

■• * vilggps i and yet wc are convinced the Claufe in their

(^j^iffioo to hiiifc dieir lieutenant, whereby they

ip^owsr him to ad as fully and amply, to all In-

js, Coaftru&ions, and Purpofes, as they them*

e| might or could do, were they perfpnally pre-

-nyjfQ? Yw (onr Governor) following and obfcrv-

igg ijuch Orders, Inftruftions and Dire&ions, &

£6ty havcu or hereafter, from Time to Time,

j^|iqceivpfrom us, or our Heirs** 5 is not only

^iigp^nt to our juft Rights and Privileges, but

imra^fcaWe, ,ag?inft fommon Senfe, againft Law,

jn^, flap in itfelf v and yet if the Governor ihould

' ri^.hii Haock arc fo tied up by thefe Inftru&ions,

^^^^ : 4t : .Lijberty to a£t for the Publkk

^:'WP ip^ift conclude they are of dangerous

juep£e at all Timei, and particularly in this

otJmflwent Dagger, not only to ourfelves,

tifc jthe >i&f$$t fotercft in.Nertb-Anxric*.'

\

o^is Mcfl&ge thp Governpr returned $ droit

. : ;0j: ! Ga ^.

i&ik

f 98 An Bfioricnl REVIEW* &c; h

« Gentlemen, ' ; ,; ' - f, j/ kfl ;

* I am very much furprized at ypijr Prb^qfifio
adjourn till Mzy, as you have maae nb^fyltyiifyn
for the Defence of the 4 Province, or gteritfeft Hht
Supplies expefted by the Crown, and recotitrtl&ifl-
ed by the Secretary of State's Letters : I muft: there-
fore obj eft to the propofed Adjournment, While
Things remain, iri this Situation, and hope you will,
in Confideration of the Danger to which your
Country ftands expofed, continue fitting till you
have granted the Supplies to the Crown, and effec-
tually provided for the Defence of the People you
reprefent •, but if you are determined to rife at this
Time without doing any Thing, remember it is
your own Aft, and all the fatal Confcquences that
may attend your leaving the Province in this de-
fencelefs State, muft lie at your Doors.*
The Houfe in Return unanimously* refolved,
That the Governor has been refpeftfully and repeat-
edly follicited by this Houfe, to pafs a Bill prefent-
ed to him, for granting Twenty tbouftrhd Pounds
for the King's Ufe, which, in our Opinion^ would
have anfwered the Expeftations of the Crown from
this Province, as fignified by the Secretary of Stated
Letters, had the Governor been pleafed to have gi-
ven it his Aflent *, therefore whatever ill Confe-
quences enfue, from Supplies not having been
granted at this critical Junfture, muft lie at hi*
Door/

, The Governor by his Secretary demanded a Copy
pf their Minutes : The Houfe ordered the Minutes
both of this and their laft Seffions to be printed ; and
that a Copy fnijhed Ihould be delivered to the Gover-
nor : And, having then refolved to adhere to their
Adjournment, adjourned accordingly.

In the Beginning of March^ however, the Gover-
nor thought fit to re-aflemblc them ; and affigned the
Arrival of General Braddock, the Ntceflky of confi-
dering what he had to propofe without Delay, and

making

Robert fL Morris, EJq. Dcp. Governor. 199

making the Proyifions expe&ed by his Majefty for
jj. t^^j&mqe in Time, as his Reafons for fo doing.—-
fI^ r ^V|amc]Vieflagehealfo acquainted them, " That
i He J^Jiflued a Com.miffion to a Number of Men ac-
qu^^d'with the Country, to form a Plan of open-
ing^oads from the inhabited Parts of the Province
Weftward towards the Ohio, at the Requifltion of
Sir John St. Clair \ Quarter- Maftcr-General, to facili-
tate the March of the Troops, Conveyance of Provi-
fions, &V. and alfo to prepare an Eftimate of the Ex-
pence v which he called upon them to provide for :
Alfo to be enabled to take fuch a Part in the Mea-
fures propofed by the Eaftern Governments for the
Maintenance of his Majefty's juft Rights, &c. as be-
came the Honour and Interelt of a Province circutn-
fianccd like theirs : Having then premifed, that it was
/aid, the large Supply of Provifions furnilhed to the
French from tbefe Colonies, not Penfilvania in particu-
lar, which he acknowledged had little Concern in
that unnatural Trade, had enabled the Enemy to fupport
their forces in America, he informed them, he had gi-
ven the Officers of the Cuftoms preventive Orders in
Relation thereto ; and added, that he made noDou^t
of their joining with him in a Law to make thofe
Orders more effe&ual. — The Defire of the Eajlern
Governments, that Penfyhania would join with them
in their Operations to fruftrate the Schemes of the
French^ made his next Topick ; and he grafted a Hope
upon it, that they would enable him to take fuch
Part as became the Honour and Intereft of a Province

eircumjlanced like theirs. -The Eftablilhment of a

Poft between Philadelphia and a Place called IVincbef-
ter 9 at the Dejire of General Braddock, was what he
recommended next : And that again was followed by
another Defire of the fame GeneraPs, that thcQuotas for
\ht common Fund of the<fever*l Provinces, recommend-
ed by the Secretary of State, might be lodged in the
Hands of a Treafurer, fubjedt to his Derhands, in
Order to expedite Bufinefs ; and the General being
perfe&ly difinterefad, as alfo willing to account for his

O4 Bit

a*--..

aoo [A» MiPwkd R&VltiW, keir .-3*0*1

Pjlburfements, be hoped they would pufclfodn
Power to return him a fatisfa&Cfry Anfwer : An^far
a Com&jQon, be recommended V%our f UnanJiaait^ f
and Difpatch, that the happy Opportunity! puto ifato
the Hands of the Colonies oy his Majefty V pjttqaial
Care, &V. might not be loft/* r ^

That there wag no Retrofpe# in this Meflage was
fpme Recommendation of it:r- — But the Msrir of
this Forbearance lafted no longer than till the After-
noon of the v$ry fame Pay, when the Houfe wa$
artfully perplexed with two Merges more, which
could pot but revive the Memory pf pail Diflentions,
and confequentjy the ill Humour they had produced.
- — —The firft cpntained a Reprimand fot their hav-
ing printed Sir 7*. Robin/on's Letters, communicated
to them without his, the Governor's, Privilege or
Confent; and a Caption again ft the Publication of
them •, ai>d an Intimation, that tho* he had Letters
and other Papers relating to his MajeftyY Service to
communicate to them, he did ftot think it fafe to do
it f without proper A^i* ranees, that the Contents
ihould remain a Secret.-*— The fecoad being nearly
as fliort, and rather more extraordinary, Jh$ll be jgi-

ven in his own Words,

.* Gfnthmm*
* Qn the : Tenth pf JwuatyUti: I demandedpty

* th$ Secretary, a Copy of the.- Mipuces: -of your fte-i -

* feedings, which yoju promifed to fend mt y hjit not
•* receiving them, I did, on the Twenty* ninth! of the

* fame Month, by Letter to the Speaker, again de*

* inand them, and have frequently, by the Sfeciietanv

* reiterated my Requeft, but could not obtain a Sight;
' of them till the Twelfth Ioftant, above two-Mbnths
f after your Rifmg, and then only a Part of them

* were lent me in Print, nod I have not yet feen the

* whole of tbeiflv .' f ; ,

« The keeping yi^yr Proceed ingsithtis a Secret from

* me, I take to be a very unconstitutional aniextra-
f ordinary Meafure, liable to a Conftru&ion.that I

< do

Robert H. TS/fa&vbsj Mfy. Dep. Go\ternor; 201

J /db notchufe at ptefent to put upon it, but only to
f {<tt^flrfnt you that I expeft you will order your
'^leikito attend me every Night with the Minutes
f uirff dici Dtyv. that I may know what is done and
4 dob^g in your Houfe, and be able in Time to lay

* the fame Before his Majefty and his Minifters, who
^expc# T :td be regularly informed of the Meafttaea

* takrng-fcy the Legiftatutes of the Colonies/

Both were anfwered the next Day if* Subftance
thus, ^That they were humbly of Opinion, fuch Let*
tcrs as thofe in queftion, containing the Commands of
fbe Cfown* ought generally to be inferred in their
Minutes qs being the Foundation of their Proceed-
ings, and what might be necefiary for their Juftifi-
catkm : That thofe Letters were communicated with-
out the leaft Caution to keep the Contents a Secret :
That the latter, which was the taoft materia! of the
two^ was 2 circular Letter which had been fent in ef-
f eft to all the Provinces and Colonies in North Amc~

w, and of which the Subftance, as they were inform-
ed; had been printed in the Speeches of feveral Go-
vernors to their Aflembiies : That the Defign of fend-
ing two Regiments from England, and raifing two
more }n America, was no Secret, having- been avowed
even in the London Gazette: That the Governor
himfelf had given very full and particular Abftra&s
of thofe Letters in his Mefiages which had beeh print*
ed inf their own Gazettes long before the Houfe ad-
journed* and palled without Obje&ion: That they
werfe^ .' therefore* furprized at the Exemptions fiarted
now to the Infertion of them in their Minutes, and,
no fingle Inconvenience to relult from it having been
pointed out, were not inclined to ekpUftge them :
Thdt, knowing not what Afliiranoes of Secrefy would
be fatisfa&ory, they could only fay * that whenever it
ihoukl appear to the Houfe to be necefiary for the
King's Service, or the public Good, to keep any Mat-
ters laid before them fecret, proper Meafures, they

doubted not, would be taken for that Purpofe." •

Proceeding then to what related to the Governor's

%Q2 An Hijloricat REV IE fF 9 &cti ;■«

Demand of a Copy of their Minutes, they adjoined,
" That they had ordered the faid Minutes to be
printed with all convenient Speed, and, when finifhed,
that a Copy lhould be delivered ps required : That as
ibon as they could be copied and revifed by a Com-
mittee of the Houfe, they were 'put to Prefs ; and
that the Governor had been fupplied with a Copy ©f
the greateft Part of them even before they were fi-
nifhed : That it had been the conftant Pradite of the
Houfe to have their Minutes fo revifed, and to poft-
pone the faid Revifal till after the Rifmg of the
Houfe ; and that till this was done, no Copies had ever
been given out, unlefs of fpecial Votes on fpecial Occa-
fions : That the principal Matters contained in thefe
Minutes were generally to be found in the Governor's
Speeches or MeflTages, and the Anfwers of the Houfe ;
and that thefe, together with fuch Votes as were mod
material, were, for the moft part, immediately .print-
ed in the News- papers : That the reft was chiefly
Matter of Form : That, therefore, as it would be in-
convenient to the Houfe to make up and perfeft their
Votes daily, fo as to fend a Copy to the Governor, as
they faw no public Service concerned in it, nor
knew of any Right in the Governor fo peremptorily to
demand it, they were not inclined to alter their anti-
ent Cuftom : That his Charge of taking extraordi-
nary or unconftitutional Meafures to keep their Pro-
ceedings a Secret from him, was void of any real
Foundation : That as to the Gonftru<5tion put/by the
Governor on their Condu6t, they neither knew, nor
could guefs what it was: That whatever k wa$,^hey
had «rather it had been* fpoken plainly, thftniflflnu-
ated ; becaufe they might then have known ha^to
^aftify themfel ves : That, however, being confeibus of
the firmed Loyalty to the Ciwpn, and the moft up-
right Intentions to the People they reprefented* they
were not very apprehenfive of any great Prejudice
from fuch Infinuations : That reflecting on the
Weight and Importance pf the Matters laid before
them in the Morning Meflage, which, moreover, fo

earneftly

w* '

Hobe&t BL Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor* adj

fcaflpfciliy i^efled them to Unanimity and Difpatcli,
^eytcoiild not but be fqrprized at receiving Meffagei
J^ifodiffei^ and which

CQulidjonly tend tQ produce Divifion and Delay, &c>
&©& jthat, therefor*,: ihey humbly intreated the Go-
vernor ttffufpei^.thofe;ta^ irritating Accufations and
novd Pemands till a Seafon of more Leisure, and that
he would permit them to proceed, without any farther
interruption, on the Bufinefs for which he had been
pleafed to call thetn together. 5 *
.v Not to be diverted, however, from the Purfuithe
wasinbythis Caution, he fent a Letter to the Print*
ers for the Aflembly (one » of whom, was a Member)
forbidding them to publfth the Secretary of Staters
Letters ; and ordered his Secretary to infpefl: the
JouimaU of the Houfe from the 1 7th to the 20th of
March then current, both inclufive, and to take a
Copy thereof.- — -Uppn the former of w^ich Mea-
sures they refolved, That the faid Letters had been
properly inferred : That the Houfe had by fufficient
Rppfons ihewn, that the expunging thofe Letters
was both_ improper and unnecefiiiryj That the Right
of dire&ing what ihould, or Ihould not be infertcd
jn the -, Minutes of the Houfe, was folely in the
Hpufej and that the ; Governor had not, nor could
■hayftjuoy Right to interfere therein : — And they or-
^cfcred the printer to proceed with the Publication of
tjieit: Minutes as they then ftood:— rAnd with regard
tp the Ja{ teir* they infor-med the Governor by-Mef-
ftge* ^>Xhat when, their Minutes fhould be revifed
^nd printed jtfter the; End of the §eflion according to
lo0g;^«>tinv^d.Cuflo5D,>a fair Copy ihould be piie-
/eatsd f& the Governor : But that till then they hoped
the, Goygr^gri would excqfe them if they did not per-
mit &ay hody to inlpcet them* or any Copy of them
to betaken." ? .

.. Here this littleRuffle ?ended : And while it was yet
fabfifting* the Governor informed the ; Houfe, as a
Secret ivhich he recommended to them to keep (o y
" That Governor Shirley, with the Concurrence of

f-'gif nf 'L.

*04 An Hifiorical R EVJ E fr 9 &<^ :i * H
his Council and Aflembly, havings among -ot^rJ^£>
fares, formed a Defign^ to build a 'Fort n^jtj¥^
Pointy within the Limits of his Majefty's Teifijj^^
Ixad fent Commiffioners to this and other G^Qvirri-
itients, to iblicit their Contributions to the fame urih
dertaking: That the faid Governor had writtep t<>
him fully upon this Head : That he ifaduldxp^ijni^^
nicate his Letter to them, that they might (U what
was expedted from the Province : That Mr. Quincy
iiis Commiflioaer was adually arrived, and had madb
bis Application to him : And that he heartrty recom-
mended it to them to grant the necefiary Supplies for
that important Service.** . t

Upon the Heels of this, by another Meflage he alfb
informed them of, and congratulated them upon, the
Arrival of the Tranfports, with the Forces and Ar-
tillery deftined for the American Service, in Virginia :
After which he proceeded, as in the Jaft §efljbn, to
fay, " That his Majefty's Care and Affe&ibn for his
Subje&s in America having induced him to (p large
and feafonable an Afliftance for the Recovery of ihjws
Poffeflions, which the French, contrary to the jpaijhVof
Treaties, had fejzed, they would be greatly wanting
to themfelves if they neglected the Opportunity to ';
fruftrate the Attempts of that perfidious People : J
That to render his Majefty's Meafures efFe^ukl^ it ■
was expedted, That the Colonies fliould raife aq JtU -,
ditional Number of Forces, and Jfhould furnirii 1 Fro- l
vifions and. all Neceflaries to thofe employed for f^«r
Protection •, as they would fee by a Letter ffpm .^^J
Earl of Halifax, and another from General #r#^#vV

which were to be laid before them : That this beine .
fo reafonable in. itfelf, he could hot doijbt 'Itstjej x

readily complied with by all the Provinces, in pr *

tion to their Abilities ; and he hoped, 'tfiat as !F

vania was the mojt interefted in the Eyen?, they would
exert themfelves as became the Reprefentatives of a
Province atluatty invade ^ and having their ^/de-
pending on the Succefs of the frefent Enterprise ;
That heearneftly befought them to cOfflider what'

migh|

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dejx Governor. 205

r fe tKfi Cb&ftqucnce of their refufmg to grant
jociflary Supplies, as they might be adored his
l#&j#fcy woLud not condefcend to recommend to them
if&uH tie making Provifion for their iw* Defence

b\it wiiuld doubtlefs, upon their Refufal* be enabled
By lib Parliament to $£&££ thofe who reaped the im-
n*$#te Benefit of fuch a chargeable Prote&ion to con-
tfi&utt their Proportion of it •, and that if by * Dtf-
appointment in the Articles expe£fce4 to befupplied by
tMri, the great Expence the Nation had been put to
fifr the Security of thefe invaluable Branches of the
Britifh Empire, fhould be rendered unavailable^ they
could not but think they would juftly draw upon
themifelves the Refentment of his Majefty, and a Bri-
tijh Parliament/ '

How uhufual foever fuch Language was on fuch
Occafioris, and how inconfiftent foever with the
Claims and Rights of Freemen, the Aflembly not on-
ly ftifled their Refentments of it, but proceeded the
^tfy^fahie Day to do all that was required of them
wmi alt the Alacrity imaginable.

¥&ihty five Thoufand Pounds was the Sum they
graiitifd to the King's Ufe : Five Thoufand Pound*
of it M^ appropriated for the Sum borrowed for the
Sertfce J at the laft Sitting : Ten Thoufand Pounds
fot tfte'Purchafe of Provisions, at the Requeft of the
Go?ernqient of Majfacbufefs Bay, for victualling their
I F<ui&: ri "i^w Thoufand Pounds, to anfwer the oc-
ca^Hal c lprfrughts of General Braddotk : And the re-
nriimjiy£ Five Thoufand for the Maintenance of fuch
InM#$ffi%^a& taken refuge in the Province,; and 0-
theP 1 fenfeinaent Expences in their Votes exprefled,
AStfTOewhotd'was to be raifed by an Emiflion of \
Pa^'f^ills W the fame Amount, and to be funk by
a& Ektenfeiiof the £xcife for ten Years.

If tlSe 6&ier Part of the former Bill concerning torn
and rfcgfed Biffa', wis mentioned, or at all infilled upon,
it could not t?e carried; the Majority on this Occa-
fion refolvirig, That no provincial Confideracion of

tKtt,

afe^^-

2o6 An Hiftorkal R t VIEW, &c ^ ' V

that Kind fhould furnifh the lead Pretence for any
Obftru&ion to the general Service. ' *' J

Uporcthe 28th of March 1755, this BH1 Wafc left
■with tile Governor, and on the firft of the! titftt
Month he fent them the following Mefiage, *&& ;1i ^

f Gentlemen*
* Your Bill for ftriking Twenty five thou/and Pdunds 9
c btfing contrary to his Majelty's Inftru&ions felitmg
c to Paper- money, and of the fame Nature with the

* Bill I refufed my Afient to the laft Sitting of the

* Affembly, I cannot pafs it into a Law, without a

* Breach of Duty to the Crown \ and I am concerned

* you fhould offer fuch a Bill to me, when you had

* agreed to fubmit the Difpute between us, upoh one
c ot the like Kmd, to his Majefty, ;i '

4 As this is a Time of imminent Danger, ant? the
c Forces raifed and deftined for the Service of thfe
4 Colonies muft wait the Supplies from this Province,

* I again intreat you to fall upon fome other* Method
4 of raifing Money, that we may not fofe this happy

* Opportunity of- recovering his MajeftyV £)omi-

* nions, now invaded by ihc Subjefts of the French
4 King, and preventing their u nju ft Encroach merits

* for the future.

4 But if thefe repeated Recommendations of fa

* reafonable a Supply, (hall fail of the defirtd Effeft,

* and any ill Confequences fhould attend it,' his Ma-
4 jefty and his Minifters, a Britifh' Parliameift^ your
4 own Conftituehts, and the neighbouring Gwertt-
c *ments, will be at no Lofs on Whotto' to -/iy i$e
4 Blame: • ■■-- - ''•■' -; -* 3 p

This Meflfage Was al fo accompanied with 'filfbtlAr'
darted MaYeh jr; iti which the Governor havirig' refer-
red to an Account to be given them by his SeCfitirjr,
of feverai Matters committed to the Ctit pf tfHe
Scarroyadj\ an Indian Chief , by the Qbtf Indians^ tihhde
ufe of it as an additional Goad 10 the Affe&tbly ilv^the
Manner following : * v v; -

€ (Seih

IF

Robert >tf. Mo*ri% Ef^ Dep. Governor. 207

4 Gentlemen j ; *

^3?9f *pwh depends on the Difpofition and Mea-

4 fer^$ 06 the Indians at this Time, that I muft ear-

* neftly recommend it to you to make Provifion for
4 the enfuing Treaty, as well as to enable me to take

* proper Notice of chis Chief, who is fo hearty in
4 ourlntereft, and of the young Men he has brought
4 along with him, in order to be employed in fome
4 Services, which, he fays, are of Importance to the
4 general Caufe.

4 It will readily occur to you, that the feveral
4 Weftern Indians, who wifli well to the Englijh Jn-
4 tereft, wait with Impatience for the Return of this
4 Chief, and will form their Meafures according to
4 the Report which he fhall make to them of our
4 Treatment of them : for which Reafon, it will be
4 of tfjje laft Confequence, that this Chief, and thefe

* young lVJen, go from us well cloathed, and perfedt-
c iy wd} pJeafed/ '

Qa $hs fame Day a!fo, Mr. £>uincy 9 Commiffioner
to tlierFrQvince from the Government of Majfacbu-
fii's-Bay^ prefented a Memorial to the £ffembly,
which,, containing an unqueftionable Teftimonial in
their Favour, deferves to be inferted intire as fol- *
lows, yi%* J

.7: v" j b : • '' ~ ■ '

; bf cGwtlemen> ..',-.

u'oJ- a^-excremely forty to find, that notwithftand-

if^ T W jhe Motiws and Arguments I was able to of-

^ Jtvisclionour the Lieutenant-Governor, he did

* not fee his Way clear to give his Confent to the

M$$$8 tJJ$J. you h.avis laid before him* *

^\^^\f^P r / u ^ & fi w * c k which ycfu therein granted

^ft^^*^»^ jP^«^^/or vidlualling the Forces in-

^d?4 to march from JVw~ England to fecure his

>M%P$y 9 $ Territories* leaves me no Room to doubt

2j$i&Z$4L for his Majesty's Sjsrvics, or your

hearty Concurrence with the Government I have- the

J$?nour to reprefent, in the Meafures now propbfed

3 ■* Vw

&*&

*o8 A* Bfimcal &EVI%W, &c>

4 for our common Safety : And therefore, tl

* you axzunbappily difappointed in the Manner of your

* Grsint, Iftatter myfelf you VJl not fail to find fbtn?
4 ttker Means of rendering it effeSual.

4 The Advantages which a fpeedy and vigorous

* Execution* of thofe Meafures promifes ta all the
\ Colonies, vand the Mifchiefs which a NegJeft of

V fcfeem will iotail upon us and our Pofterity, ar$ clear-

* ly pointed out, and fully illuftrated in the papers
\ which have been the Subjedt of your late Detibe-

* rations.

4 I« rendering this important Service to the.Crown*

* to the Britijb Nation, and to their Fellow Subje&i
4 in the other Governments, New-England offers to
4 fpend her Treafure as freely as her Blood, and,

* were her Abilities equal to her Zeal, would as

* chearfully bear the whole Expence, as flic .under-

* takes the whole Hazard of the Enterprize. But the
4 vaft yearly Charge (he is fubje&cd to, by her Vici*
4 nity to the French^ and the Neceflity of defending Co
4 ejetenfive a Frontier from the Incurfions of thofe
4 -perfidious People, and their Indians, both in Time
4 of Pgacre and War, has fo exhaufted heiV Finances,

* and burdened her with fuch a Load of Debt, that, '

V without the Affiftance of the neighbouring morq
4 wealthy Colonies, (He muft drop the Defign, how*
4 ever promifing and glorious, as utterly impra&i-
4 cable.

4 Happy will your Province be, Gentlemen,, if you
4 . can ftill keep thofe dangerous People at a Diftancc
41 from your Bocders, by which you will be free from
4 the maay Mifchiefsiwe have always fuffered by their
4 Neighbourhood,

4 The Opportunity is now offered you, and^tfem*
4 braced, will, by the Blefling of God* fecure your fu-
*-■ turr Peace and Profperity. But whatever you, do,
4 (hould be determined infiuntly* for the SeafoaJ&ix,
4 and a Delay may be as pernicious as a RefufaL

4 I have juft received Advice, that ConneSieut has

* voted Fifteen hundred Men, and that even the little

v Qwern-

IfyOBER* H. MoRlis, Eft. Dep. Governor. 209

•frttfeat of Rbode-lfland has granted Four
theExpence of which will be more than
tifyou.' Neto-Terk fecms heartily difpof-
$0 do her Part; and there is Reafon to think
good Example may have an advantageous
on your Neighbours of New-Jexfcy.
fay no more to urge you to a Speedy and
lefolution, but conclude, with the utmoft
jeiSfc, Gentlemen, Yours, &c*
reft of the Day was fpent in Debates, as it was
natural jt fhould : But on the Morrow they refolved
to Mk Fifteen Tboufand Pounds on the Credit of the
in the Manner they had done before ; that is
Thou fa nd Pounds to repay the Sum fo
iwed for vi&ualling the King's Troops*
^boufand Pounds to anfwer the Requeft of
kbufets Government, fo earneftly enforced

& T £!yincy*

lu*, one would think, they had done all that
c&ljl fce reafonably required of Men : They had
^*|Lajfr particular Concern of the Province: They
wfejrlooked whatever was offenfive in the Go*
tps Meflages and Behaviour to them, they had
fijl^drne all Altercation thereon : And Mr. §uincy 3
OhBehatf of the Government he reprefented, prefent-
eiifc&a $ich a Paper of Acknowledgment, as abun~
verifies all that is here faid of them : To wit,

Sum which this Honourable Aflembly has

10 his Majefty's Ufe, and appropriated for

fog the Troops intended to be marched for

iflg his Majefty's Territories, is an Inftance of

\f§#itr* 3fld Zeal for the 'Public Safety, which I

f at will be bigbfy acceptable to his Majcfty*

^it-was made in Confequence of my App!i-

toyou, I beg Leave to return you my gratc-

£enjfe and Acknowledgment* and to affure you,

i#i r #«me and Behalf of the Government I have

1 5 P 4 the

.*-*

..-A.,-

2 to An rUifi&hal k M VxVBL Wi feci .

« > the Hownr w> repttfom* ? J tfas tffemlli fb&i <^lj! ij£

> plied, to tbe Purpofes for which it was. gr3tf^§h*fm:>

The G WWnor j howey*^ t^kOtttoficd 1 Aill^ffcotufe
;difoppoifleedj arid <tefeatfd * i ^rft ^tvatftadi tfesH Aflfea*-
k bljr'vB>emat>d^f the Rfcft&utitf » df th$trvB& g&QRt-
intgjto C^ft^n^and thenfmfeftd iti ^j^iig^ftSlRbtt
it was a ©H of to extraordinary a/ Nawftiotbic he
. thought k his Duty to lay it before bis Mfljffty^wd
fliould fceep # iW fchai Purpofe." d // v > y

> He alfe i«for.mcd chem '? by Mcffage of fo^tigaitfe
ho had rettiftedv That the* Jfotfrfc had fi«edjo^iLF^-
teeil Satt ef the Line* wish which they Were: favdirtg
mill 6000 l*4ni Forces, and that the K«i^k Miflff-
*ers were not in fhe Secret of their Defttnatv^ti *y«t
**$ they were bound for America^ a&d c©«ldiiii)ir?br^-

norant that Bmfylvm* W*8 both a ^/»//)W-ttmi-A-

>feuctlefs Country* he tbougbtjfr^
them to eaabk him to pqtif into aP*^j]e ^frDe-

: fence,. by«ftabltflM»g aregula* Mtih$i wldcp^riding

! «hfc OQOcffaryrSterefrof Watv - <■ ? mh yd 23n^mbn?rt

\ This Mefiigfe was datfld 4|My/|^b;- ^t£ftrfMbtte
*th following fee ad viffed them to a^to [ > ihwt Ad-
joiittmeAt* becaofe > he vft* f %f fe«ifcfrj tjh* KSftfetlRKs

^Skirltf and ik £**#?, that J£v(Q^
feoittpanyithf*rt*0 MimpUh; ?tkttrrf» ft^^ftferttrftfrTSe-
tmaJJfa»4£*& *nd tile GovsfUCttsi tSk^t^&jty-

* lamk **d ^imfrdfoc oi Virginia* n af t^r Wh»h, oilMKis
pjobabte^ii? (hotfld have feverai Mi&tersji© byA>dbw
dbe Afleinbty: fii^t, as a parting^Siroke^^
them to Hiafce fw« k -.litovllioai £^T^prr&y»4^ip<£oe
instated, and 4n* y wagMtorJ ^Whwhr* toMW»r
not without fom wholiome Hint^^ Tbauhe)!*feti fcdbn
long enough ^*Jr<Wdy a Charge rtftitbfe Pfovimtof$IoHat
there were proper Lands where, and it .«ljta<#^toji)&r

< Seafw wher# tte^^^^ aridjp&BMb'fheir

Cjorn, by whteti they : migh*^^
and thin as to* the Jndfot l?ne^|rt}tfteyjjild totefc in-
quired to make Proven ^

~ «ppc^6t they cowld come to any ieij^cWtd^cifiriamfe,

, *; till

. RobUpI BJM6Akii,lE^-Dep;€ovfernor. art
rijk f$sjp had I{rtcetv«tf tht^neterffery Informatfdh eon-

^olW(fe$iWkM#*l»ii«ir Aey parted; > The Adjblim-

ffltt^h^ rtwkk Was Ohly totHe I at^of^ M^v ^ ^nd

yap^be GHJveftKir both wattplaiadd ^f ttot ^er m as

Krf>iJortg, ^a^tiid hd ihoirid call them foohtt* > if thete

*asfi(ec*ftotf^Wh6fi *hcy met, ' thty ^e the'GG*-

V€#n«r*i^tWB aillf^ahd ttattWy \vfcrfe ¥eady tb

receive whatever he : .hkd' to toy befort! th&tti l "iPfc

6c^«9fffe ftufwer wiis^ That he ha&*vthihg 4d hf

fefottf otfofel : a t ptfeft rtt bta t the German' Bfll i^a -ftHf ,

tk&tf w^fky; r I'ttottitberided by the Gb\*ern#r him-

feayfttl«tti# notoriotis Neceffity of ft, fc* preventing

llfc IfflpGfffitfon of German or other Pafienger* or

Sfrt4tf»ii^C<Jo gr^t Numbers in one VeflTel, and for

^♦m«^ ♦ the.Spr^toimg of contagious Diftempers,

dMpMfatitov^^ ftc^This had

W^ft^pf ibjf<diH Hdtfft at their iaft Sitting, and

/ei&tfp ifo ! the Governor ; had been returned with A-

fflcndttlents by him ; forfie 6f theft Amendments had

*tocftQatopte*>; anti TH£n fetor Bill had^en again fent

^tf& afcft a Dtttoe ^btfiithe Hotife, -Thfit dteGtotafr-

nnnwotrte %fc pteafttoo$*fe' t he fatness it then ftood.

'Rtlf l»vhaa^W , b^n ffldtfed to do, bit '^fi the cort-

-«i^*l^fe*»ed^

^r^OcHaAmaidmemsr under which ©ickrautm It
eaatefefii qgpiHi&hf dowi to the Hooft j'bhb hdvfag
rm^K)tetot a Comrtiit tee to draw op k Mtilftge to die
!*M*fcl^^ tej^ to be dp*

-psetefec^dfif^ml^e faid :Amn^ merits ^nci^g^ed to
n^dbtM^t^tf tlfdiildpc^ CO ^a

3»^toltewvof%djbuWih^fi©nf fheiMotetffc wthfefiitt

ii^1ifc<f^tito

c niMaasd Intdrefting Kind, is t^fay the teaftithat cin
-faerfaid bff^iT^foe^irted tile E^iP to* be ifeniedied,
JtfttGfc^Soi*^ a Con :

r #MftfaB^>l>^^g jwrnb«r rt sn^ft aKe^ri^g ^eftn S i *rde-

jponftrafcd, 3&a* the Awe^wtfe^fdrflpflj^y
the Goy«nor were calcuUted^qd^ivK '$&%&#&$*>'
gour and Vfility t That m ^flfeft ^Sr )P^9?r*iWfi r ??3§ «•
be as moch ejepofqd to the fftffie oF»&flcefr,an0 ^ n *
g^rs aj ever tafl,d wbargafy^fh^^q^O^CG^vally
by the folteMriflg. Paragraph $lw JnhafeijiWtt Bt«a^t»
the very Source of fo crying a Grievance, ww djiw s
« By*>ur Qiartew^ and the J^ajwe <*£ this P^rpvince,
'^jtbc/iwhple Iqg'ulative Powejr is. vefted in jfopfagftftor
< and the Repr/jfiotatives of the) People * and n a»AW!e
4 know of na other Negative upon, our BUl^ bm^hac
■' the Governor himfelf has r we ^ could \vi(h4)ft,^ad
*■ been pleafed to have exercifed his oww Judgment:

* upon this our Bill, without referring tbc 3 ^^oo/Sdo-

* ration of it to a Committee of; hi* Cou»cily^)^&. of
*■ them fuch, as we are jnfpfoied, who are^or hfwe

* lately been* concerned \* thelmpwtations to tbf?'^bufes <

* of which thi^. Bill was dsfigne&tewg^la^ajitre-

* drefs, . .- . ..■• , . .-... . iiHj-j .-i-.b' '.)- vhjCI yrn '

Now y which. *ver Partynvajs jn. th* Righto C #R> * be
ftjd, ; thai; ch&Kjng, or the Sup^liy '%his)^"r»Je?K or
, «4.y t Qpe,of Abe Points in |the,prece^g £efHpfl Igffat-
f ^dj;had iaflyiC©n$ei;n in th^ &ift»iif TOgP^j e ©riWTue
fojitb'rs, Qjwtrofoerfy*?; Wasitf^tjj^en^^dj-igbjferv-
.*& -*ft thjevjtjeiiwwr., of the, AW^fritowbfWffPQ?
1 85d &Rudert#y n tf*y , had ay wd<^^tetfc?«ngota^flend
3;fe}Wi4tH^[£r$acj^^

imfk hjfor^uSt^thAt^ ^yej^^.^V^tvf)| a P«w^caAJ08,
of teiGov^r-Rftf j ( hjp}lflf .wm. jor*e4 !b^h jfitn^»>fe«rith-
-. fihqra.s M& ? rnffet ,,|them , again) ^ igqasfc Y o&»fc J**
^V!ingd^ki}^^w^haY^^Jbfnth|<bh6fhiid t ^^/J»^
nsoi?p^(»^aff^?hc-ffi r(iJ Qon^o^ei)^ ?tt6^fta4k.
y: ttf I ^ra^jpth^-^n'jfwi^j: r^afi?^ tQ^h^tftfsfWfi^aU
<4Ki he tal^^h^i^inf ftorft^fiftc^^^jr^g^iffl© by

;:.»!.',';•<■:'] o.'ii iol ?q\'."..n'r yrirbneil 'lo- fonaqx.'d 9rl5 •'
,,••,>., x'GefltltHM'trj.i '■)'■■ ■■■}■■: rj.'Y ,23inc>Io'J) sbfb "to -

'.;,^^;iafiti 1; I w^ in fofopea.j#u WoUliftbiin^jKkh

RoBE^rf^^&iRisj Efq. ©«p;l3ov«tnor. at$

* VW^h^ifetor#W r '{W^n^e die; public Service, b7

* gritttfeg^«He Siifflkehipi&ed by the Crown, and by
• J pfiHifl^tHW f 4^ri&gei4hW a Pofttfre of Defence*
*"tfk tyix&ffifo Y to mi[ that neither the > Danger to
.« <%ltelPflt&£o^ttfftahte'erpOled, tor his Majefty's
*i ft&sm afttt*ge&ort*te€sn , ls, have had any Weight
** with you. -^''-'i'- ;! « ' *• ;■•"■ • : -"' ---■; < .■•■■ • •'

- 55 * / '^^Bil!^<fert rne-For fl*iki"r£'Sfy^#y#t* tbou-
^pakf^iniiy was of a more extraordinary Nature
*"tft&nkflfag ftfeftf&d'niy Affentto*in the winter Sef-
J«'iS6nSf J #ft gave><Geheral Braddtck a 1 Power over no
-« t <ii«re«ma'h Frte tboufani Pounds, arid fiibje&ed the
^fj^V&n&fwentyVboufand, and all the Surplus of

"^t&e^wflw, for eleven Tears to come, to the Dif-
n of fome of the Members of your Houfe, and
Wc'AfliSmbly'fbfthe Time being. '
•3itjd^^J6f?erihg 3 M<>ney in a Way, and ttpon Terms
-^tfefifry^fcilfcry *eH knew I could riot, confrftent with

* my Duty to the Crown, confent to, is, in my Gpi-
■*} Mdhy» triffittg with -the KHig*s Com?mawds, arid a-
•'* ni§iifie£ tb'a 'Kcfufkl t6 give at all ;■ afrf I am fatis-

* £ S8fl WtfPUefeeH ii^tfris Light byi *tiy Sift^riohf;
a^B©, by ^tur'Mf ! abWementioriedi'*hichl %allhfy

- »ifefeter8%ferft, a*W by >*e Whole' afo <y W €36riduct
^^fi^ycWlfeve^teri'made acqUafoflteii Wkh Ife ©e-
^«3ft^lli«oafi*he #tt»^< Witt be cGnvincedy that your
^<*« FMblu^ft^ tote? ahti IfarebeeriV 10 &kfc Ai*vant8ge
,«^^3y^^^oii^!s2!)«s»M to aggrandize and retoder
^i^fieiPSftntSt^^r own' Power and Authority, and'to
33°{ Selfroy dBGP'df Ate CWwn.' ThatHi'ls for this Pur-
^«^^fe, b %fna^6 ! |*dm<fte i toUp Scheme usS future Itide .
^te«ri»j%? y^aw^gralpmg aE ehfe^Jp^fioftof afl
MfyWR&mifofJ ifi^at the Pbwe* Wf filling all the
^ Officts^GGV&^n*; efpeciaily iftofe 1 of theRe-

^enWp4rtow*e^*«^jfefty and the Nation are at

* the Expence of fending Troops for the Protection

* of thefe Colonies, you refufe to furnifh them with
^rfl^v^bfl&aTOSWSJeflbrV Carriages* tho* your Coun-
^wv^nisdfblliQtff il$tij;ft5'^rflels you can, at" the fame

J *YTime, encroach upon the Rights of the Crown,atid

" ^ P 2 " * »r

214 'J* fylhricol REFl&W; &d

4 increafe your own Power, al^tkdy ^6o ; g^t ; f^ t
c Br t ap^h pf a fubordinate, dependant Goverpxirt^Xo

* remot^ from yhVprincipal. Seat of Ppw^r. ^ v ;
'L' 4 If ou h£ve, Gentlemen, Jby a Vote of $diti[&kii
{ $oyfc, without the Confentof the GxjWtiiH&ht,

* empowered [^^ (^mmittee oJfyour Members to boftow
^■JMoney upon the Credit of the AHemblj^ J kna to
^ ^ifpp^ of thcTamcto certain tFf^s huhat ^iS^men-
f tiopetf. — You have alfo, by Votes and Re&lvei *of
'your own ftoufe t created Bills or Notes or Cttdit*
f made pay able to the Bearers thereof, to tfteAn&tmt
*" olF Fifteen tfcoufand Pounds* which you haveiflfac&in
c Li^u of Money, and they are now circulating in
c this Province, without the Approbation trf tfte Go--
V vernment.— You have denied me Accefs to ^your

* Journals, and fefufed me Copies pf your N^iites'^-^
•And you have printed ana pubHfhed the *a^iry
f of State's ^Letters to me fignifying hi$ Wa^ky%
c Commands, f pot only without ,nrv Cbh&M; j . but
\ coptraj-y to an Order*I had iffoed to thePwMfer^
.« e^prefly forbidding the P^b|icktion 6f t^^lit*

* tors.' \ \ r ' / ■' ' ■' ? -'■■''-.:•■;/ -■ y: liV / ;ri ;;£ *

_ ' Whether you have a ljtigm: jftvthe ^xcrd^Wfiick
•^extraorclinary .Powers, his Matefty aftd ^i^MBif-

* ters will iucjg£, before w;noftr it is my DiafyWJay
> [y9ur; Proceedings as foon is 1 can Cbira k*ft*fri>,
^ r apd to whonp £hey will appear t% tpor^aa^t^»»
c ,£$ neither they nor yoe cap knpw btita j fMife jl A^
, c ? ferpbly may ufe thofe Powers ag&kft th&Gewn-

* ment by which th?y are pro* e&eo* ; : H" t^sH

■ ■ > Wtyle 1 h#d arw the mpft djftint iid^s^^w
| , cp/nipg ipto Meaigres tl^at might pfottrt.ote^tii^p^bi.
**' lie Service at this critical Cdnjun&Utt,* l^ftaRfrecl

* fome Parts 4 of your Copduft to ^main^ftt!>bftff4e&
« flpon .-5 j?ut as 1 i^rp now cbayince<J 5 Jftih ik? w^olc

* X?npr of your Behaviour, and from y^tMdB&gfe

* till %/r^r ; next, without A gran ti^ ^ the^ ttS^efBt^
c Supplies, that you haye^o Defigrt mcontribiite any

* Thing towards the Defence of this Councry, I

•^ ' * thought

* t

RoBEBj^Hv^p^fi^ i§/j. Pep. <3pvcrnor. 2 1 5

4 bmltnufc , Jqhpi^gfe ,|gn to, prevent the Impor-
n^^9Sb^ i?6 a )0 l W l Wi( & c; wa $ under my Confide-
*3#H1H1HV©^J I ® ^^A ,C ^^•4^^?■ ?C ^ upon it, and made fuch
^<AW8WBW:IP i^ ; 3f t tbQpght wguldfceft anfwer
S^OT^ylffi^wpofc^ a^d put that Trade upon fuch 4

* oF^S^a^^pnevcat ttye many iVbufes jthat had been
^pia&P^n $, gnjjl # the fame TifPje ftciare this City
%&iftjtWlBffi *m n & ^ coming w andYpreading of

1 nW^^^^y%^PF ? ' r ^^ 0W ^ *^ c ** as propof-
*i^taiJ!fWr: w.»wpded by me, would, or would

% ? n^^]^^n%ered tbofeEnds, was a Matter proper
c ot9 IfoS^^W £t * Conference, which you might
^liS^^cB^di^ you bad thought proper, as it is the
l^p^JSi^fia? <$ &¥$&&* BUI to PerfedHon, when
^h't1m<ffl I M»iflacurc differ in Opinion
t ^*«r«*- J#8 Wi^WSpdments propofed to it ; but
fo!P$^ , fen * ^ e a MeflTage filled

* iTSMft^i^ ^W^PB?^?^ ^- Amendments pro r
^4*>W»JW fW^SfcP^Iy. defined to reprefent me,
? asjuving no Regard for the Health or Safety of the
So&l W^M .<#» fifl wtfy v in doing which, I
^iHWN!irf»BRfc IWr^v? P^^ » F^ Regard tp
vsflcBSfJ^ ^y Intention to enter
fa«tfj>3« ^«^ r ftY^ry,wkli; you uoon that Bill, which
* 3 Jg ratts b*¥fo M CS ~P- ^agreed upon, between us, had the
Ki^S§U^ *P A$fy C^fes been purr
Ai-fe«i3$riy "^ng^mprp; upon jhe
€ Head, efpecialfjf ) 3$ , this ^Matter. feerns purpofely

ui^°l^d8h^4oS9^^ & ^ u ^^ c from confidefing

ftiflHtfre SfWfti ww!y afife< ^ % H^ am of thiS

-feJfc/^rW rfijrary Reader grower to confute every Ar-
^ -t^k l^f^g^rarn the J^atenals before turn,

... JiMJWataW^ foe fa

- jmnmO can Vj j F 4 ; , . ; the ?

%^ An Hifimcal REVslftH^-tokoft
jt^y have been guilty of any Pftrtlafety , cociiailoa in
^yPo^nf of Juftice to thm^lw^ht\i^
Dcfed op corjefft the Errpu ,,tbat fi^ihitaf^.^ltAli 1 -
fiedlbtodp. ;«, (7, : - n^rnvB 1 ! *'

The Piece that enfoes was their Aniwer*?: .ifEvxSt^

* May it pleafe the Governor, ?w srfj *'

* When we met, in Obedience to the <JovcrhqrY
4 Summons, on the 17th of March \?&± we: realty
' brought with us the Gncereft Inclinations to promote

* the public Serviced by granting the Supplies cxpeft-
c ed by the Crown ; and we truft it will appcarrtorali
c who impartially examine the Proceedings of that

* Seffion, that we did every Thing in our Ptm&w as
c our Affairs were then circuraftanced ; and cohfe-
' quently that the Danger to which this Gcrcnttry
c flood expofed, and his Majefty's repeated *mtalfec-

* tionate Calls, had great Weight with us^nwhsttEVer
« they had with the Governor f n?:/\ :c

* The Bill we fait up, for ftriking/th* 5am- of

* Twenty-five tbouf and Pounds i and^givihg the fecfe to
c the Kingjs Ufe, *nd forprpyidiiligaFtiriditoiifnk
c it, had nothing extraordinary in its Nature^ onfltf-

* fering from opher Bills heiw>fe|*e pafled ompseftht-
J ed for lilfp^urppfes.inthis Province, exceptingfthat

* the Su$i giye^ was extraordinary, compared owith)the

* Timej^pppffd far. finking it : ; ; tb& Su«n >ftft iHeiCtf-
. « . mda Expedition, in the Jaft Ww„ bping> iljublnivt
~\ tbmfand Pounds^ to be ftjpfcin /^Years', ^widdcltrs
' $um, tho* five TivfrtsgrttferyWgs t&kt iiumbjMhe

* fame Fund, in }k^ fame Numf?ef\$& Years; uvlkthfe

* Bill Five tboufmd Pound* , qf|heS»m r ^4pg0^attai^

* ed ta pay for Pr^ifipns bwght $pi gjtvtft ftmlthfc
« tJfeof the Forces in Virgwia* 'un^elr Gert&rsjJaBrbi-
4 <&<•£ * Ten tboufand Pounds n^pre w^gi vjen ita \buy

* Provifions for die $ew-Eng[at?4i ?orpea.t sndfiiiqhta

* Command i Five tboufand Powdi qppr£ i^firbjrifl^
€ ed to his Order, and to be difppfed : ^fiari tfcedKiag^

n n r.rrr- ii ft c j5fcr^

fit Sc^ifco^as ^h^ftidcldvphink fit r *id *Ke teftfe iW

•jffiftwileiaf i^fc^ ^kififg 1 Ref Qge % this Provii "'

* Payment of Pofts or Expreffes, Hire of Carnages,

* Clearing of Roads, and other neceflary contiqeenc
c iKflcpaSice& for the Ktng*i Service^ ai iteigHt b?in-
€ cumbent on this Government to difcharge^ — Thus

* the whole Tti&^^Jli^etboufand Pounds Wz^zppvo^
Sprinted to the King's Service; and aftnoft m of it

.f^totlwimmediatelJfe of General Tfrafldvck, of: to

* fuch Parpofes a & were by him efpectkll f tecbmmdnd-

* ed in bis Letters, laid before the Hbufe' by t^e Go^-
i^vernonj The Members of the Houfi?, mentioned
f by die Governor, were to have no Share in the 3if-
<* pofitmtiof it; h was difpofed of by the Bill, and
Vrtkey could only have the Trouble 'of laying it out
\^?iac^ordiiigtotiie^Aj>propriatk)n, and keeping the
\ Accounts. This; is Troth, and -well kriown to the
fsGariernofj if he parufed our BiH with ahy Degree
c of Attention : Yet hftw differently is it T reprefehtecl
fc in: ©foe Govejrndr'^ NGdffage lit is tailed only; " A
& *ttfr fair \MUng^^i^^ : '^^^d' Pduri&y
' f ruthktossBut: ii P**t 0f Ithfe ' Title, ^h* Words,. 4 * in&

^ifacgmng -thfctetM to the KttigtiV&i** brfn^jas
*;tesiquld feem) easily omittedb; l^tfii/ n;i|hj;
l^rtoSitaicp agaiaft the : Aflertibri >«#&&£ 4thmediatfel y
^ifoliow^ that* ** -9%toM/3F^ -^ r£biN^ift^^ r ^d%M^^bf 'i t^ f ^ras
tf jfotijetodrao the Dif^fitfen^ dP^^Mt^&Wra of
*VitfcauH(^fej ■ atfd v of the AffimBIy - l f§& W ^Jtoe

^i^Ww^RGtafe* *&*er to > mdrt^hW^ve tiWlknd

**wi|tof$^^ tet^ than that §&m,

i^rithoft att^^#^]fj^to tm^ l Pdindi^s±^ a
Atftfiallnftri ft* i«*ie ^ - ---- ^ - T *

tu^tofch^#J^rtfetbf

^flfcked fd^llfe, 1 and Kfo Army^s^lHe, br Services!by
•*iibirivire^«i»di i^ W cinrlbi leafy that any <kher
^^QkiSbfi^a b^fi^si ^h«h giVen, or 1 Offered to give, that
**^(8eAt!eman a Power over as n\atw Pence* <owr.

« Subflkyai&I^tmty^^
c £*£% Truths* >$qd cb^r^jApfJ^Wftftfif^ i^^we
4 fee«i*rtYJ*y Jictte *

4 in the mm Paragraph of ^i^mmn^shM^^gpf

* there we many Afieittiooa ii* which we think flmitf*
« equally miffff>refef*ed i ^ei^e^hafgfdvif^^^
4 < ferity MOf^x ill a Way, a*al>upofl TeroiswJliefe^e
*' knew the! Governor could n<H> ^©iififtfi^^ifi^iiis
« 4 Duty to the Crowh, cgn&nt - .»;"., . Wfe 'iftdlf
4 thought, and ftiH think, ki was ■ktim/tfyMt.d&kL'Mv

* Duty to die. Grown to r*/»/i it ; If w« ^re jnjilgiwn^
4 'tis an Error in Judgment; we. have apftfatad *&&ur

* gracious King On this Head, aad wg> hQp^d&fj#/a*
4 vourabk Determination.-^— *We a^c^gad #Jtl*
cc trifling with Che King's Commands, %n&ref%fmg\t*
44 give at ally 39 tha* we have aaua%v;gHftWqgfflat
4 Sujps in Gbedknee to chafe Cpaimands, sgdtfamsft-

* ly endeavoured t» ^vcmuch^e^ViWl^dlfe^p^
4 vernor refafed> tftilefe >wfc ^o*ild igiffeio Jaa^bfcf*

* which we t&U^M^ j$&foi *

* bertiea a^d i?^

4 cer.^We are charged <wi&tf rfffeivH^i^ £ggjgai»*

44 <iiz#-wrc>w&^

< A Charge* ^mtcQ^mv^iAt^if grwtidte&K\*$&

* lor which w^fhay^iwve^ given ^iteaft ItQmskl&Jtft?

* *-V£e aw ringed with a^S-Scl^iw^/^^mrf^

** <?-" rWeih^veifiQ fs&h S^torie> net w# A*S ?

* nor d# we* m a, i&re «f th? Legiflawf tf ? 4JJ#K) ftfif

* Ind^eBde^y-b^tiwteat tta (^QmU^tmHbwxss^
f whtehgives u*^ Jlight to ^ge^fer ^feb^iflcteup
^ttiftmier^ cif tfieUuH^

f or Moctes oft Laws,, abouc m he<$mte * *idiifc>e*

* not yet,>*fld Ivor confide dnwejr:<*iU* Gktif^itfl ta

* mfa Lmtbf ty

$ gmfpiflg at the Diifpofition (of r*Jl ^Wiq fMoo^fiid

* at the Fower-of) filing all the { QI&&qtfv&m&rH
4 ment ; a Charge, aawe coftceiw^ e^wByftejittrtd^
4 lefs $nd invidious : W<e ha*re, by; hm> fft^Klghlito

* difpofc of fome public Money, and we ca$09&be

* properly faid to grafp at what we are in Pofieflioii

4 of;

Rober^H. Morris, Efq.Dep. Governor. ii§

c gf ^>Th«4^rr 6f ihe public Money which the Go-
« r ¥ett*4r rttt&liVGs, Stffing by Licences, fsfr. great as ic
c is, he difpofes^flf to he pleafes, and we have never at-
^^BWfiA^ to- interfere id it -, nor can one Inftance be
^."giWh-ifaPour attempting to fill any Office, which we

* *r* riifeby feme expitf* Law impowered to fill.

* B«th*heavieft Charge ©f this Paragraph concludes
*1t | llie Governor is pieafed to fay, " When his Ma-
^jfcfty and the Nation are at the Expence of fending
** Troops for the Prote&ion of thefe Colonies, you
'* *tfdfe <fo furni/h them with Provifions and necejfary
**'€am4g€S* tJio' your Country is fall of both ; unlefs
1* V^U call at the fame Time encroach upon the Rights
«* of tfie Grown." This Charge is really amazing!
Mft*WjjBfires, however, no other Anfwer, than a
* >&Wpti& Relation of Faft. In the fame Seflion, and

4 to ftkm &i it appeared there was no Hope of obtain-
€ ing the 8ii4 for gWiftg Twenty tbouf and Pounds to the
•^ia^sflUfe, And* many Weeks iefartxhe Forces ar-

* rk$dv>. ^vote&and -gave Frve tbtufimd Pounds to

* ^ilfbHftfe ftdviflorte and other N^effarie* for thole

* Faiefe j>?thefe 7 Fitrviffori& w^ acterdlngly bought,
*&&&&£ felt te&frgiHfoi beittg the foH Quantity r*-
*-'$ftiNifr^ giwetf TmihoufanU
L ^pMfafo wpii&h#k ^n$i^for&6 f N0W~Etogland
^#*a*$^Uti was g&eh as footv a#requefts#, and be-

5 ffeffe IteP Troop»i^«re raited j» thofenP^oVifions art!
*{*&<&& thfciti i^ually purehagiJ,* gf*eat 'Pdrt fent
^WI^ftlMd^MMll- probably be at *ae^»te appoint-
«Mjrf*§fol^^tey ^tt*e wsfinfted;^-^ g*Vtf ftota Pound
*•*«># £&ri#tfrt itefrihiii *m aflced of m, and att the*

*3Ckifcftge$ *nmif4£ #f *& havtfbeea furrttfbed.' -m-Z
©^Thi^bfil^beeli done with tte graateft tfteadineft dhd
?uiMa^}$!'fod^o^ wlthob* defeat!

fc^n«m^'mtttt'd|i lbh^iii|gh*'^f Cite Crown, unlefi
*KlW$fWwiBg?M^cJy vii otittowii'i Gfedftfl (whfch we

* fi&GSighK e^ft %vety private M&n. had a ; Right to do,
fctffr!&>lMfd awy-Citdit) be indeed fach an Encroach-

todtfWlW * v/ ' v; - / ; ' : ' " • • 1 " * >'-'-.-' : ■: • ■''* "'

cc

**o AnWfiorUd RE V 1&W % ^cu^ioSi

' Indeed the next Paragraph ;tegins witho^h4r^i^
c thisupon usas aCrimff, 44 Yoilwve/clkeaQw^dDr
V is pleafed . to; fay, by * iWxite ^ot your WW& tfoule*
without the Confent of the Gove rnmem^A^p&^siW
a Committee of your Mshibcrs^ tfo bbwiw^lf&fife^
upbn the i Credit of die Aflerably^ ind r *$? dflfottft?
of the, fente xoyertain Ufes in that Vdte ihasffobed. ,#
4 By tbisGaurion in exprefiing tbtUfegif^'Sifialfijge?

* aaighx imagbit, that they wfeie cricked; If Itotttfea-
4 fonabltr Ufea i and that the Go*etfior, < tfttt- *f %fcrc
4 Tendernefs! far his People, forbore td expfcift*thfe& *
4 But the Ufds mentioned in the ¥otes, a&, W^ffer-
4 *£*/* frtjh Vtfiuals, and other Utceffdtks; fwifto Vji
4 of the King's Vroop at their Arrivals *&dbz&)pur-
4 chafe and tranffort Provifions rtqutfttdby fhvGoVefn*
4 went of the Maffachiifetts-flay* i/* vrttual tb&Ubvces
4 about to march for fecuring hhMiji^s^m^^ies.
4 Thefe are the Ufes, in the » Votes >wfefltterridpyhd
4 the only Ufes ; and we ctodoinceiw tm Rtslfoft for
4 touching them fo genriy by>tfae"NJWii^&*tffiw#
4 XT/b* untefstheXSovernor tk>ught^'/thAbeiA^>rtbrfe
4 explicit ton die UiH might &CTO' Coiiteflbri J fcbfotnfe
4 Degrfee, tihr heinous Ctitm^of^O^^b^^Mok^oh

* mr ownGrtdiU » :> v- .:.::ru ; *. ";-:- -jfti 3t bcrA 3
4 The Governor # pteafed to add j w 3fo«> liiwt $Mo,

44 by Vores)atoiMlefokies of yotir ovsfo «t$oi&?<itcated
46 Bills, orNb^s of Credit, maite^yablGrttHdefei 7 .
4C ers thereof* to tbie Amount of iSjfr?^ tbm^W^P^td} t
44 which you have ifliwd in Lieif of {uloftfe^kHft^
*' , are now circulating in this Pro^mce3^*lfc<fa^ tR
44 Approhatippjof the Gov6rome9t^^oig£hi§i(Jhto^f,

* we pre&wne* wSHy like theirefty ^rnlto^OfKQalitrtr
f Explanations By tie La/rositf shii ' £r4?ita&l&4W Ih
4 Forte, ^nd »*idi\>have t^cej«Athe?5fiJyaJqftflln¥ f

* tiie Difpofition of the IncereftvM/wtfy r and^Bfefcifi^
f is vefted in the Affetablyforfche ^tme^ifl^i>l€)ift

* of this Revenue the! AfeTObliefcte^Trfiml J 'Kf«| tt>

* Time,

* t onftant Method of Payment) Waf$ 4to*t aPthtH* Wfeeh

?M

--£

Rober i> Mr MokiiH "'Eft. Dep. Governor, f 2 1

^^•A^om^tagainftitHc Public was allowed, or a:ny
H&ipflf^ for -pufclk^etvice agreed to, an Order 1£

* ;1mg4U d*w* 00 tkc jEreafitrer, or Trufbees of'the
^^i^M9qQJipc^ and ftgiled by the Speakers or the
^ 4alj&wbf: Order -of fthd Hot*fe, As » thefe* Orders
ViS^genterally/^ they mtiiraliy obtain-

* e4nfa^ Cpcdit, aad ifometimes patied through fe-
¥6I»| glands before Payment was demanded* —At?
&e 4$ft iScttlerfeent of the public Accounts, it ap-

^pearted^that a confiderable Sum of this Intcreft and

* £x0ft}t Money; over which the Afiembly atone had
' i&leg^I ^ower, ought to be in the Hands of the
*'Ttft*fititr,ai)d Truftces. The Governor himfelf was
Spje^fedhto point this Money out to us, to compute
4 the- Sum, 4rtd urge the Houfe to make ufe of it,
' wheivin January laft she refufed their Bill for giving
*-$mt^ttfarf*nd Pounds to the King's Ufe. The
*iJQ(ife alkdgec^ and truJy, that thd Money was out-
V #*&flmg in many Hands, and could not fuddenly
^ Jt)!Q^<aHe^ted/witJioat diftrcffing and mining the
h&tiogk&c] Hbwcrer v ob the Credk ©£rim Fund^ we
frd»)tft(l ihi^^^Fiw^ ^btfU^ml Pvutkb^ktr Pvov\fion$ %
*:-3^^W^«^^^Mo^ to be borrdwoAon Intet^ff.

* And at the laft Sitting, when the Governor refiofed

55^lb^^Kipgfs^Jfc, he/iitay'be jridifcxito remember,
A^afete&rrtd^doWnatMSifege^ in whfchy aftctfthe •_
'$M&ffa&*4ti for*** paffing the Billy there are tfaefe
^^iW&^s f ^<tf fAS this is i Tihxe 6f iim6ineneI3anger v
$\1 Wiilfci^F^wesvot^fed and deftindd for the Service
*$^tfrith*f rCfelorfie** mirft wait theSupphe* frocri this
ifoiWr&yMC&hMp&intr&t you t&SWl upowfome ether
rff wWC&flrfiO$ iffcifirig Moray* that Are may not lofc this
t %lttftpfe^QppoMifa»ty of vredovfcifrtig J*t& Majefty's
^i©i|nim©n§tH>wMvi»Jed:by -the Srew*King. M The
A(HQ^fli«4cfnrdl6gly! fellon Ith&Hhtr Method % they
<fc g^mf^iTbjm^fd-Pdmd^ fcf the: Money in their
^•HTow^^the^Kftl^slJfe; they ^>potnted a C&m-
ffeAttt£c$H$o pwihafcthe "BrovHions required, and im-
jf- powered them to draw for the Sum oa the Treafa-

i» '••

22» An Hi/iorictd R E V I&W4 fec^

• rer ,©r Truftces.of the Loan Office, as bad4)ecriJDi
4 fual ; with this only Difference* thai afe" fbratef
4 Draughts were p^ableon < Sight, and thei^fore ( bbr(f
4 no Intcreft, t helix being payable in a Year^ weue ltd
4 bear Intercft ; and in the mean rime the^wftahdfog
4 Money was ordered to be got in, that thft Ekaugkt*
c might be pun&ually difcharged. Money '*d Man J
4 knowing the Goodnefe of the Finid, and cortfidittgr ixi

* the juftice and Pun&uality of the Aflembty* fwhich
4 has always honourably difcharged the public Debts;
4 have voluntarily furnUhed the Committee vrittoCafh
4 for thefe Draughts, which they have laid by i*v their
4 Chefts to receive in Time the Idtereft, Thtis^Tid
4 King's Farces have been expeditioufly fupplied; vthi
4 People have Time to pay off their Dsbts to the Pub-
4 lie, and no one is oppreficd, diftreffed, ociinjured ^
4 nor is any Encroachment made on the PoWer^ of
4 Government, or any Thingdonc thar:has.b0t;baerl
4 ufual, or which the AflemWy are not by La^>ibri-
4 powered to ck»— Yet this isfiwtet fihe Governs re*
4 prefents as " creating Bills of Credit, aaobiflfoipg
4C them in Lieu of Money, without it he AfS^robatiort
44 of the Government \" by iritith* Pk?fcwaJ> oiiac*
4 quaidted wiUi the Fad, might underfknd^weiiad
4 beea naafciBg J iPaper>Jrfo6cy, and iffunagk^cW L*Grr;
4 or in ibme ocher Manner, to produce uhj Ad tf am tag*
4 to ourfelves, and auempced to m^i it a IgjibiTan*
4 dor without the Governors Aflfcut; &ci*> atfonrfsteR
4 U mere Mifreprefentation or Mr&pprehenfiowvi aJ
4 will appear by the Resolves tte»fel ves* tq<*fyidjfwt
4 beg X<«ave to refer. After this Explanation to 6 tout
$ Conduit, we believe it will clearly appeal ifcabthfc
4 Governor's In fin uarioo, as. if we had ufedPbtfert
4 dangerous, to the^Gcoyernmentj is as^oiHwHcfl £
4 it is unkind* ; ; ••<' / ...."- •><.•-_; •-■. i . .<.-.{ ; »lw ji *

4 The other . Charges, . of 44 den*yihgr*hi fitoyerAofr
46 Accefe to our Journals, and ffcwtijigthe StbccarJ
44 of State's Letters,?* havirtg be^a madj^ 9»d ^
4 fwered in former NfcB^^betwiBrinth^Goaer^dr^kid
4 the Houfe, we think it unneccflary to take any fur*
* 4 tXvec

Robe hb$V$1Ak r *V Efa Dep* Governor. 2 a$

1 > jd^dsfetfifcerofo jffifth hcceJ-— But we are fucpriacd
Vjttn.find^ that afiwrobctkyg fffis&yally given f^/fr*
fo^aijlS^nPd^^ pod other Necefc-

fofeottfr f^fct he J£ing!si&erc$s* ; maintained at (o great
^ (abdEi^ieoce our/flJ/iOTf AUies, eftablifheri a confiant

V i*g*tef PoftichroirghiTwo Hundred Miles of Coun-
Jntfft- toord|fjfor the? Service pf the Army, and ,ad*-

* Etnced ca L€Or\flwlcrahks Som to make a : long and
f chargeable Road through the Wilderaefsand Mount
?tak$ toiithe \Ohi^ for the Ufe of the Kirx^i
fiil&Hte* the whole Expence of which we have ei*- .

* gaged 4x> defray, We fliould ftill be flatly- told by the
4 Cowtittor, r c * Tih&t he is convinced* from the whole
ty&iMit vf $m Behaviour 1 that we have no Defign to
^^iti^e^nwfi c Ebingtovt2ir^B^c Defence of this
! 4 i)SoutitrJ^ ,, ? n

•< 1 f 3\te Governor is Lpfeafed further to cenfure usy for
^jcdt^WiringaGanfireflce on the Bill to prevent the

V importa^toar of Germans, or other Paffeugersy in
*:toi&£prea£tNtfi&b^^ Veflel, and to
^ jpaevetaif the rSjire^dingi of contagious Difliempers,
hJSsim^fhQHkti nhnCfo'ia, fometimts pradbfed> When
*3 the Gorrenror a^ LAffenrxb I y differ in Judgment con-
^^rrongtaJBii^ to rtequcft a Go»fererKe 6 if there be

^^mcnt^AmivrcbenBg, from many Circumftances at-
^n&Htidipg 1 the Mif nwithodt ftich ; Hope aft prefent,
ffscctatekUrak atoftA^'with iaykg >befbre* the Gover-
fe n^:m^fvfcflag£, our Reafons for not agreeing to
5/v^i^^el^v AlErMdnnenits^ andj fubmitt^d thofe
fuR(Ja^«a7toiiif<l)/ifiderati0n 5 the Bill;* may ftill be
^fifdatoe^tart^ a; Gorifeteiscc entered into #t a future
^isSeffibri^ift thetie flaoufd beany >Profpi& of Sorccefs.
& ff:>i4»dft$>««edin^ we think

* it was not, the Governor may be plealbditoretnem-
fofeovoSfc Wir^f^tii^aiiipm-irriegular Example at
^ittwiaft Sittiggvuw^b we.pindenteid him the Bill for
^grbmngJfme?Of^^bi^d2^»nd}f to the King's
ft, iLHe -,i for iteiricither, propofed irfly Amendment, nor

7tB yrfi t^isjcn yv'"* •■> •■■?■■■ .■.'-'• -- * c defired

5^4 'An Wjtorical REVIEW, tccl

defired any Conference, nor would return us outf
Bill (when we exprefly fent for it to be re-con-
fidered) according to the conftant Cuftom in this-
Government, but only acquainted us, that, <€ it be-'
c ing a Bill of a very extraordinary Nature, he would .-
6 fend it Home to the Miniftry," which we hope
he has accordingly done, as we believe it will bd
found, however the Governor may have m'tfappre-
hended it, to have nothing extraordinary in it*
.Nature, or inconfiftent with our Duty to the
* Crown i or affuming more than our juft Rights and
Privileges. . * •

4 On the whole; while we find the Governor
transforming our befi Aftions into Crimes* and en*-
deavouring to render the Inhabitants t)f Vtnfyhamii
odious to our gracious Sovereign and his Minifters,
to the Britijh Nation, to all the neighbouring Go^-
lonies, and to the Army that is come to protect us*
we cannot look upon him as a Friend to this Country.
We are plain People, unpradtifed in the Sleights
and Artifices of Controvcrfy, and have no Joy iti
Difputation. We wifh the Governor the fame Dif-
pofition ; and when he ihall, as we hope he will, on
better Confederation, altef his Conduft towards usr,
and thereby convince us that he means well to the
Province, we may then be able to tranfadt the Pub-
lick Bufinefs together with Comfort both to him and
ourfelves; of which till then we have fmall Expec-
tation."

Such was the Language of Liberty, Truth and
Candor ! We feel the force of it ! We cannot refift
its Authority ! And if the Governor had the Mor-
tification to find they had ordered both his Mefiage
and their Anfwer to be printed in their Gazettes, he
had alfo the Pleafure to find himfelf excufed for the
prefent by their Adjournment, from the impofiibfe
Tafk, of conftru&ing fuch a Reply as the Preffure of
his Cafe required.

Per-

Robert. H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Goventor. 225

Perhaps they thought the Abfurdity he had fallen
into, by charging them with a Refolution to take Ad-
vantage of their Country! s Danger, to aggrandize and
render permanent their own Power and Authority* too
glaring td-nced any Comment. Perhaps they did not
think it proper to retort, That the Inhabitants of a
Colony, (o remote from the principal Seat of Empire,
had abundantly more to apprehend from an Excefs of
Power in their Governor, than the Governor could
poffibly have from a like Excefs in their Reprefenta-
tives: The Executive, as before obferved, being a
{ingle Principle always in Force, and the LegKlative
compofed of two co-equal Principles, which muft
always tally, or can no otherwife opef ate, than by re-
straining and controlling the Operations of each other,
as in the Cafe before us : And, perhaps, they had not
the Refolution of the Houfe of Commons of July 2*
1678, in Sight at that Time: which was as follows :
viz,

ft That all Aids and Supplies granted to his Majeftjr
c in Parliament, are the fole Gift of the Commons:
' That all Bills for the granting any fuch Aids and
€ Supplies ought to begin with the .Commons 2 And
c that it is the undoubted and fole Right of the

* Commons to direft* limit and appoint in fuch Bills,
c the Ends, Purpofes, Confiderations, Conditions,

* Limitations and Qualifications, of fuch Grants,
c which ought not to be changed by the Houfe of
c Lords.' To fay nothing of certain remarkable
Provifions of theirs in the Year 1678 (which, in a
Courfe of Conferences with the Lords, they adhered
to) to appoint a Receiver of their own for the Ad-
miniftration of the Money then granted for the Pay-
ment and difbanding of the Army, and the Payment
of the fame into the Chamber of London inftead of the .
Exchequer.

Their Adjournment was to the Firft of September ;
but they were aflembled by fpecial Summons on the
13th of June ; and the firft Minute on their Books of
publick Note is, One, to fpecify the Approbation

22tf An Fitflorical R E VIEW, *kfc"aofl

given by the Lords, Jfuftices to &6verndr <7Hi#fe*«*ASf
for, tasaqtifitt $oboI, out of BHls Ji of €redftpf§teltt)
Rftgjt life, The tiate of thfc ' A$f obfebri «»«©&
tfat gu * 748V So that it was^&tf&rtetfc^ia^
i0hmon fo pertinacioufly mfifted" upo^j 9in^fcw*r
«g ttther fcy fom<! Acctdent'br Negle\* I &eli 3 g*^
IdoRed thus long, the <5overfib/r atf '•weWe'&efcfS
pd in the December before taken the- A^kn«^';#tf
fafcreft hirofdf thus hardily to the Affeitt£ly¥>*C<*te»A
f, v&omaf$ Conduift is no R!irte to me^ iio* tfnTtfttetf
f%e for any one that may fueceed-mev-afid if -We may

* judge froni his not transmitting that A& t$ Etigtandi
^ we may prefume., that he did not look ^pofrtfcfcfrPir-

* ticular as the rooft recommendatory Part df Ms Ad-

* miniftratiori. It is true, he was never- 1 cettfowd

* for it 5 ahd , indeed, how could he, "as ink ?F*ah£>

* aSion was never made knowh to bis Majiftyat hii

* Mlnijiers. 9

And the next Minute that follows this concerning
the faid Approbation, notifies, ; -oil 5;^

That fundry Letters from Sir Peter Hdlkit fed'Cfc 1
jonel bunbdr were then read, acknowledgin^tfefc^R^-
ceipt of certain Prefents from the Ho^fetd^he-Ofi*
cers of their refpeftive Regiments, of the t^tl^til^
derate and acceptable Kind, and returning ^1&nfc$$ck
the fame. £lv v*\^u

The Reafon of this Summons afl5gned-fe^ tli»<6&-

vernor in his Meffage was to this Effetft, c Tfra* ©Sig&tf

"Braddock having begun his March toward s^Fbr^Dk

Quefne, had reprefented to him, ^li^tt^lS^IJb

Ihould reduce that Fort, his Intentiohs%eftPtd^fcli^

a Garrifon, with ail the Guns, Stores, &&WflB»ftk
find in it: That, in Cafe the French Ihould 4&mi#a
and deftroy the Fortifications; &c. asht[m&^t^afon
to apprehend they would, he fliould thefa^^iPlf *&r
conftru& fome Place of Defence: But *haeift*«llfir
Cafe, as the Artillery, Stores, >&c. h* lk*%ktf^h
would bo abfolutely neceflary for. the PrqfefcfiilfcMSoaf
his Plan, fie wzsjdftefmned tb fcaye rroti^ o^lkcin
hebindbim, and expefad p have *H his ^aSfts%£«Hc
3 ■•**' Kind*

%»^^C^€fgpiwt?ifig *%*»**, Maryland z^ J en^
J?!&*W h^m ^ W#t not ix^ fblayed^ far hi£
^M1P9ifeMm^^^/^«bt ^imi^cciiatery for :
3*^^^ Cflp^M* Adding,

T&9& tfeftfiu^Geq^raJ^d lately receive^ Jnfelhgenqu
jf&l&jiji^^ to him, thtat the freifcb;

tQe^ffnW^thfff. fwians* intended, aa foon as lh<>

AtfiW^^lltfi^^R?^ t0 fal1 upqn the £*<#

GimtQitrWi J^rAugh the General thought it a

SfcftTOJIOii H«^alip r ^wght it advifeable to take all

iMI^S^pti^ s^ainft it : That Ke had. called

t^gffHPgether upon this Application and Intelligence:

Xb^^^rreGOjm mended it to them to enable him to

fe^J^/ugk «rf th& ST^i/srg-j demanded as were prober

ft^fi ?*P $f4vi»ce % and to condu& them to the Places

i^efftt^ v would be wanted, which could not. be well

done without a Jirong Guard : As alfo by a Militia,

^£8l&fEW*fe» to proteft the faid /tec£ Country againft

the Incurfions of the Enemy : That, upon the.Re-

4$jpfj#£ the General's Letter, he had written to the

Qjafv^Bors of Virginia and Maryland* to know what

Sfcgre^; of thefe Supplies their Governments would

&fge£$vc\y furnilh : That be needed not inforce the

g^fefcy any other Arguments, than that Fort Vu

£>uefne was within their Province, and that the great

J&pqtff ^he Nation was at on this Occafion would be

ifegB&4gtt?JV his Majefty's Intentions rendered abor-

^fj T ^qd hjs Arms dishonoured, if the Countries ths

AiA^Pfif raj (hould recover were left in fuch a naked

j?M|dj|joo r -that the .FrawEt might take Pojffeffion of

St&gt&Xf '*>-*$ foon as the Army fhould be withdrawn,

«^9!yftgHl^le Skill In Political Matters would have

A9^fj;|hofe i concerned, That there was rather more

jetftem concealed under this Sj>eech than was

i#q5£0ary, and put them oa^eir^Guard ac-

cH^^PfcA^nbly^ Penfyfaapfa had Come Jrifdom as
.bntfl 0,2 ¥»-

228 An Hiftorical REVIEW, be '

Preliminary, defired to have the 'liiiJh\M$ £vt-
*ody, whkhiwas to be the Ground of ijfitki Bcobeed?
ingSi • The Governor hefitated * : faid it contained
-many Mz*/*nj not proper to b&roade pubKc y/ehac^it
iwauld not bey5t/iv therefore, unlefc the Ho^fp wo^kl
pr<5yl6ufly ^romife him it fhoBld not be pasted", but,
Jiowever, he would ihew \tXQnCmmitteejjf tj*eUoufe
<would appoint, one for that Purpqfe. Th& Moufe,
!on the other Hand, renewed their Requeft in Writing,
iailedged that k had always been the Cuftotii^ :whcn
Affetnbliet were called together on Occafion of Let-
ters received; to communicate ihofe Letters; that
giving a Committee a S/£i?A of Letters, on which any
important Step was to be taken, did not feera \ fuffi-
*cient; but that the Letters ihould lie before the
Houfe to be read as often as neceflary to the right un-
demanding of the Matters they contained or«req\»red ;
that the Governor might fafeiy put his Truffeui die
Prudence of, the Houfe; In fine, they rwouki. hear
of no Alternative, fince the Importance of the Con-
tents of that Letter had been urged as the Reafoa for
calling them together at fo unfeafonabie a Time of the
.Year ; and, as they could not take the Letter into
• Gonfideration without feeing.it, they hoped he would
not, by ftartingnew Methods of Proceedih^nahd^ri-
, gaging them in trivial Dtfputes, any longeh dbftim^l
-. or delay the publick Service. . ;f! urih uns

This was done the fixteenth. The nextnD^y-i/ia-
ftead of an Anfwer, the Governor fent tteo^idownia
Brace of new Meffages, One in the Moraing^gJv-
ing them to underftand, " That the Roads tf*y hdd
ordered to be made to the Ohio would? [be<jattewkd
with a much greater Expence than was at firfti ima-
gined : That the Money fent to the Commiu^ri^tosas
already fpenti That more was wanting: And^Othat
the Genera^ having difcharged the Soldiers NiAnts
.out of the Army, with a Stoppage, of Oi^ Shilling
. Sterling i Week <*ut of thebTIu(baadVPayr for cbeir
Subliftence^ it would becohae the Compaffiotr loffthe
.Province tofuppiy what would be farther evksf&Hf

: .--,:- . r 4,J .''.vVu- :: ..' : 4 i- s -.»;:v- .^, ■■„!] _rbi.fi y/ t&r

f <iC»^cbaS Borpofc^rt-^And another in, the Afctrpooo^

containing mare Intelligence. Inteiligertce/he himfdf

haduiiaw Jedayed, aodiiad. for wardcduto^bc^GeRecaii:

Maarcly^oThacfev.oralj Bodies of Troops had ipaffed

froin r <Mada i over the Lake O^Mr/^ in^ the;r Wtap*p

xliix^Q^ to, join the Forces already .thdren ThaevtJit

JPreaiA .verb doing (their utcnoft to engage, the Indians

jp&i xktW Side ;^ and, j rather than f^il, wdrc determined

to ioppoie General Braddeqk wkh the whole F^cekaf

Gariadti n Containing alia a Repetition of what in Bf-

fe£k he had. laid before iico nee rning the B&ck Country*

heightened with fome new Apprehenfions, Th^t whqi

the tTroops were removed, the E^emy might either

cut x>flf -or greatly interrupt their Com^nunication

with *he jFrovince* which tnight be every Way at-

tendeffc with fatal Confequences. And all was made

Ufct of i to Authorize a freih Demand for a Militia-Ism

and aijoew Demand for a Supply to enable him to build

S&atgxHoufes on the; new Road to the Ohio % and to

.oiajfliaiifrifuch a Number of Men as fhould be necef-

firyao keep the Communication between the Province

?nd the Army open, efcort Provisions, Stores, £sfc.

tbacDthe General might neither be forced to weaken

htsLAjrpy: by making Detachments from it, nor cx-

pofe'thoie ; Detachments to be fur prized and cut off;

and that he might occafionally make Ufe of them as

A laiiidries too, in Cafe the Numbers brought again ft

/ Mo&o&Qfikt make fuch a Re-inforcement necefiary :

Agd^afteryMving rung all the Changes that fuch a

!;Me^k^ cf; Dtmands and Suggeftions in fuch Hands

briasdxmpablcbiofi making the Province anfwerable,

aaiufflafj in Cafe of Non-Compliance, for aU Mif-

JsAO/bfttfte #jit, howcyer, when, the Houip {having
ttafath into. Con fide ration, That the 15^900/. given
y&X&& King's Ufe in the preceding Jfeik' and paid
ijodt a£\ th#Moaey in: the: Difpoficion^of the Houfe,
Mbbtohnwifc^lmoft exhaufted, could not axtfwer aJi the
yBShpofes iaoended by the - Bill for/ granting 25,006:/.
i*b which the Qovernor. x$ fufed his Affent) h*& atot&fri

Ataetod WOtDi wikbout aligning a*y ^&M»fteMng
JkrCofifereocri or iwbg Repo^ic^^

■w hcUhe lO^coo/. flill for exchanging^ tgn^w JU iuvr
faced Money, met with a better Face : £6r after fojft§
Conccflion^ on jbotjh Sides kwa^ puffed, iojto ?uj^w *
.atid this was aknoft the wly Fruit of ^effipq;g)^ r
ftafonably exa&ed, and introduced witt lwUe^a^
«Hn*ry Demands. < . •• r ,.;,\ ?>^T ?,iri h?jb:f/i

They then acquainted the Go^ewoj: ,by M^gp^
(That they propofed to adjourn to^thefirftof^^m^(jr
then next eitfuing : And the Governor fignified W Re»
fitly, That he had no Objection thereto, :
- Notwithftanding which he fummoned them again to
meet on the 23d of July, and^hey met accordingly^
gave him Notice thereof as ufual, and required a
Copy of the Writs by which they were fummoned*
His Anfwe* was not returned till the next Dayt and
then what he (aid was to this Effed : That he fhould
have laid the Bufinefs he had for the Confideration.of
the Hoofe before them the Day preceding, had not
the flocking News he had received, prevented hi$ get>
ting it ready Time enough; but that the Houfe fhould
hear from him that Morning, andalfp have theXopy
ei the Writ asdefired* /I ' ,

Thisjhceking News was the ftrange, unprecedented*
ignominious Defeat of General Braddoch: Aq4 what^
if poffible, is more fhocking flail,, thU Incident,
which* though fo inconfiderable tathe-il^^^iQbiipck
fo much Horror through every Party h^#qf (^$>er
Effeft on him, than the Miracles of Mofah$(\ <#* th#
Heart of P bar aob> ' 1 :;] 1

If the txpofed Condition of the Province tj^ b^we
furnilhed him with Topicksfor Levies of Mo^yfpp^
Troops, and for placing an unlimited (^nfi^cflcpjm
Jiite their Governor s - and his firft, Move^^
4Mn?fJ* he now thought it would reader his J^loqgp^tc
jfurefiftiNe <: and at ^11 Hazards rcfalved taaiakexhc

©)Cifeoi It, .•-.•*; J ^ v:-.Ti,v ,v; V -, «-{f ...\j , r . t :

•' i

^ n P^, ^hBugh 1 mcft ah Enf^bl^r of anr ^rcttt

^»biie we are folrce hfclf >erf ourfe#fes} It is iibf ttnafck
trokidel^ tHe Prbptri^ >rf Bnyrfiody

fttk$l6&idit fta£Kci how to be tt letf, <Nd*& ©*>.
ifetittPfoir <fnt&t *he Aflfemblyii ^n# hatr]ftg'ida.
patdied^is Text (the Defeat of Braddovk) &]eftth&
(?*€&&, Jd*afefet £j tftte4 to Ufe aiiut A|^)Hc«io««irt the
T&tm foftowirtg':' ?< This unforhlriate atttJ unef&p*$<il

* • &tef^fc iti^uf Affair Will deeply affeft evdrfwi*

* of his Majefty^Colbniefc, but botteof therh wyfy
* : ftMSble a Mariner as /to* Provfaittt, whuft, framing

* to Militia, Is thereby left efcpofed t» the er&el
4 InCtirflons of the /%arf> and their bai bdroiis Tndi*n$ %

* who Might in fhedding htrmaH Blood, and whi
4 ifcajse no Diftih&ion as to Age op Sex,-' ' ■■> ■ ■ , . ast&

* thofe that afe armed againft them, or ftidi &* thtf

* tern fapriie in their peaceful Ht&itat&n*-*~-^-all

* iirc&like the Objtf&s of their Cruelty,-^ — daughter*
^-feg the Under Infant and frighted Mother with eqtud

* Jify and Fiertenefs. To ftich Enemies, ipurred oft

* by" the niiiive Cruelty of their Tempers, encouraged
€ by their late Succefs, and having now no Anwy td
**f&iV*e the Inhabitants of this Province expofed—
^t$l by fuch muft we now expeft to be over-run, if.
*; r ^dwicfc immediately prepare for Our own Defence
^ ^ ought we to content ourfelvcs with this, but
^ittfohfc to drive and confine the French to their owft

Here the noble Example oi the Eaftern Government*
Yt^&folanet)' in- forcing the Ertfetby to kerp a due
wfiMi&ftotti their ? Borders* was rfccom mended and
%f3r$Kh Affd then returning to his main P<w% He
aijj&fci expatiated thus : * Allow 5 me therefore, Geirttet
*%^ ( tb recommend to your moft fertom Confided
^ifldfeHftie p^efentt Stat^ land Conditio** of you* Goo***

* try, the Danger to which the Lives and fropeftifes
f *Sr all thofe you have undertaken to reprefent (land

. . A . ... ^oM M THsaoH

**£ • ^/* tiiftorical KEV1EJV* &c. , .

,.r-t p...,. i/ - . v i Y-iD iifii t-n jrb 5ioi

« mmm^t this" critical and .q#^cMf ,C«^^fe
< *WtVahd to^d^re that yoi*;^

fritf, Pfirftmtiy* i by rmw«g ; anv^ai;^fa $^[<Jw«
^ ^ef in Difpiite, pr from *my ; f ^^^e^^ejr
*4hd jPeople to regain any longer .u^fe^ed^^fjjS
*°j8iobd of the Innocent to be i^ed^y the cr^mljtfj#^

* j df ! Savages. ,^4— —There zxcJA^^Qu^m ftk&
* P*r6vince to,prot£<5i,it againftany F^ce f^JftrnvA
4 can bring, and Numbers of them arpw|lii|vg s a3>dide-

* lifbtw to defend their County; upon t^p^f^tyOfi^
* j c4fion, but they have neither Armp^.AncinfiunitiQft

* n6r Diiapline, - without which it will be impo^^e

* tb^'epel an aftive ISpetpy, whofe Trade is. War.rr^
4 ,•— ■ — —I therefore hope, tha,t you will* wjthpujt
4 Delay, grwtfucb Supplies as m^y engbleme npt oply
4 to fectire the People of this Province, but,vjby t re*

* infofcipg and aflfifting the King's Troops* wajilp
c them to remove the French from their prefect, Er>-

* croachments. . . •■■,- ^ ,; , , ; - i4 . v j '

4 If fomething very effe&ual be upt do^e -a$ L .tJbi|
4 Time for the Safety and Security of t;bc ProjfWfift N
'the Enemy, who know how to make tfte ? bcf$ A P^

* of a Victory, will ftrengthen th^mfdyes Jonfgqh a
4 JManner, that it will be next tQimpol(fibfcfor^?:fiP
4 remove them.* '..,,, ,>,>. ,--;» Ud -jrf

InEffeft, the Aflembly chofe, for this c^<#, .fpfrfc
blind to the artificial Part of his Speech, ar^ui ${£-
charge their own Duty in fuch a Manner, .^(ftiQyW
leave him, even on his own Premifes, ine^c^f^jefiw
any Failure on his Side. »o nH ^L'orn '

On the very next Day they granted an,Ai& : t8\ihg
Crown of 50,000/. ; and though it is pl$in v &y>£fe£
that they did not want a Goad, on the nextj^lfty^tog,
when they had the Ways and Mean? Qf^ifflP&^JP
Sum under Confideratiori, ths Gpver^jQf,, j§yto
fage, apprised them that Color^el Duphar, >4tfh i 4>P
Remainder of the Ring's FprgM* ; . v had reaph^ JftWt
Cumberland \ aqd that, as foqp.as his ^WWfeMWflS
would admit,, he jptepded tp^owmufubisiM^r^ 1 ^
'Philadelphia 5 and that fag ^adr^ditl>efeMa{5fi^iJt-

RoBERT^H/MaRiqs,. Efq. Dep* Governor, $33

fore them, thAt they might fall upon Meafur^as .fjpga
a&piffib^ fbrthe ^bteaion of thi Jpefivn Fror$*n >
$t Bfit^W^id^ttt^hfe defired EfTed : For the %&>
&H&ty4ii tifcfr Reply moft rationally %g<#ed, that
^\Sti^f^^r r i'¥btii^ might be employed on jhi*
S&ViKte; awdrequefted 1 the Govcrnbrto make Xf^of
hfepflfftfettcfes ^ccfrdinily: This he cbuld not nefofe :
3B& tffe ^tiel majf fliew how little defirous he w^sjof
kmfe 4kW6*\ti& defended by /&?/* Forces. , '
-s^lBPtfftit Day, ^Rile the Houfe was debating pn the
W^y^^rtdiMeaH^'tjioibhg which one was known to
Ij^Tttiefi^ the Probrietary Eftate in Proportion with
&ri*&s^a pdmpousMeflage was fent down, contaipjpg
an -Offer on the Part of the Proprietaries^ of iopo
&£&ibf Land/^? of the Allegheny Mountains, w^h-
16ut > Ptrfchafe Money,, and for Fifteen Years clear of
Quit-Rctots, to every Colonel who fliould ferve oq an
l^ijftjdition from that or the neighbouring Province*
agalirift the French cin the Ohio ; 750 to eachXieutenaptr
f Colonel and Major; 500 to each Captain; 400 to each
lifcfuten&fet and Enfign, and 200 to every conupoo
Sdldfer :* And requiring the Houfe to afford fyme-^
j/ijtktj^io fiich as fhould accept the fame. / j .
* <1P8 f nWke up Weight, a Letter of Intelligence fipm
$h fHrftih Trader lately returned from Canada^ whither
he had fled to avoid bei)g apprehended for killing a
l&fti, ***s ferit along with this Mefiage : And, upon
t&fe Metis of both, a Rcmonft ranee (not a Petition)
wa£4bA}urtd'up, from fundry Inhabitants of the City
akd^Hiiif eff Philadelphia (Emigrants from the fa-
* mous Borough of Totnefs it mujt be prefumed) and
^tl&Atid^tb the Aflembly; containing a fubmiJJHc
%fifodiipt r , That 1 00,000/. was as final! a bum as would
4>^^tl]ie r prefent Exigency ; and fignifying the Wil-
[i&ffi 1 b# the Preftntefs to contribute their Propoj*-
Pofftlie ftrtie, ftr of a larger Surti if neceflary : Not
^iiitHfrpnfttfidfy Petitions frdrti [many of the Inhabj-
*ftiis ^J^^Tbwtifliijte 1 ; and Tm moYtftornfmJry
**^tam$^ Whomade it their

f*r*ye* t6 bit uftiilhed with 1 Arrhs and Ammunition for
Bkkaic h& thdr rioufes and families.

of,C^po&^^Steadinef$* w^i^h^J^ $fyg$f
hit, wpf4d b* Jelled Dignit^nd^ M^i^r^
ii^erc^ th^ Senpmencs ard rurpofes iU| ol^ ,A
to ch% Governpr, in the fdlowing condic "

Terras: viz. " We have deUbcraj^y > %^ ^Wj^ft
". ^onfidered the. Governor's Speech ol^m^W^r^y'
*£ ipurth Inftaqt, together with tlje 'JLettfrt ajni >P#^
44 pers jhe has b^en p leafed to lay beforp u?^ ^^^q^
44 we find, thac the Defeat of the Forces, wdertiic
44 immediate Command of General Braddotk, and the
i? Retreat of Colonel Dunbar, to Fori Cf^ert^^
46 an? attended with very jhocking Circymftapces;
* 4 Jiever thelefs, it gives us real Sausfa&iqn, under
4,4 this unfortunate and unexpected Change in our
*? Affairs* that this Province ha$ fmfonably and ^£fr-
f 4 jfifl^ complied with the Demands of the King**
*f . ■.Forces, and that no Part of this unhappy Defeat
14 caa be laid tpjur Charge. ~ ^

, ,..' 4 We think it our Duty on this Occafion to ,,b$
f 4 neither parfimonious nor tenacious of fuch Matter*
44 a* have been in Difpute, and arc now undej: : ^
46 ponfideration of our Superiors ; but, referving fy
V ourfelves all our juft Rights, we have refplved
44 grant Fifty Ibokfand Pounds for the KiogVlJfi
4< by a Tax on all the real and perfonal EJlates withm
44 this Province, in which we (hall proceed with all
4< poflible Difpatch •, hoping to meet in the Governor
44 the fame good Difpofitions he fo earneftlj| recoaiT-
44 p>ends to us.

<4 The Governor's Call of our Houfe -',a£> t$}s
44 Time is agreeable to us, as it impowers us tp
44 exert ourfelves yet farther in the Service of our
4t Country ; and the like Opportunity given to the
44 Lower Counties, under the GovernorV Admini-
f* fixation, we doubt not Will be acceptaBle* to
H them r and add their Contribution to the fcoin*-
&r. mon Caufe, before the Time to <wh kh they ftand
& adjourntd." ■ . : ,r o- *

?'T: ;/;■'.• - And

Robert^H, MoAri§> Efq. Dep* Govcf oor. 239

-jto¥&V**W n*cfining Reader would thftik,
'^'Danger $F thfe Pforince befog fo rratf tetite

y * fljtcfetfe to provide for < tft Security, 3 mi
^Smtih cSfeld hbt but be <tt Bartey^tHtf
fcprotiiHfog. ' v/ < " - -^ ;JV

>ft RcVeHeotthis, however, l! hip*n&t«be
m %ie ftflhnbly found the Proprietary* in
Ibri of an ifhtnenfc Eftate, inLaiidS amlQtiit-
Rte: This Eftatr was as miich endangered ai^ny
dffleV^Eite aHd l was to be defended "m 1 tbtttftion
wfth-thie Reft : f hey tiid not think th^ Ithrtietiri# of
it ^&fthb ! it«ny -^Tidc to any Exemption of ?ny Ktodl
arra they found no fuch Exemption fpccified in any or
ffidr Shatters: ' -7 "

1 ^tOrtedrng, therefore, by the R ules o F Reafon and
BhuMy, as well as Policy, they taxed the whole Land
aflike; and Fubje&ed the Proprietaries, as Landholders*
to a proportional Share of all the Claims and Impofi-
fion$i which their Deputy would have exempted them
fif0iri as Governors in Chief, and was fo ftrenuous for
inrpofing on the People alone:— And this one bfeter
frijjredient was Mors in OUa, Death in the Pot. The
J&r£tens laid by the Proprietaries^ or by Proprietary
Jfytoef* on the Province, could not be too heavy : But
^fevthemfelves would not charge a Finger with the
i&flpPa?t of the Weight of them.
1O£ 0fr tiit fame Day that the Bill was fent up, it Wa*
rit^exJ'with fuch Amendments, as entirely exone-
rated the whple Proprietary Eftate \ and the following
MSflage was immediately prepared by the AfTembty,
Ad difpatched to the Governor^. To wit.

-iflimf Mayttpleaft tie Governor, ^ ,,

03 ^The^ taxing of the Proprietary Eftate wi&kthb
-fcJiftates of the People of the Province* for their writ**
ir.nfon Security in this Time of im minent Danger, feerfts •
* to us fo perfe&ly equitable and juft; that wfe»afe
> furprized the Governor ftiould propofe it as an A-
5nA N * mtv\dsaa\t %

An Htyorkd HEV IE P, &c.

4 mcpdment to our Bill *, that the. Proprietary Eil^W
4 be in this Inftance exempted. , **

4 < As the Occafion urges, we are e^tre^mlv cjffir-'
4 ous to come as foon as poffible to a Conclufioii ia

* the Bufinefs of this Sitting ; and do therefore $n-

* treat the Governor would be pleafed tp acquaint us
'. explicitly, whether he is reftridted by the Proprieta-
-* ries from paffing the Bill as it ftands in that Parti-

* cular, though it were othtrwife confiftent with hi$

* Judgment, fince it will only wafte Time to endea^
4 vour to convince him of its Reafonablepefs, if af-
4 ter all it will not obtain his Aflent. .

4 Or, if it be poffible that fuch Exemption of the

* Proprietary Eftate from its Share in the common
4 Expence of Securing the Whole, (hould appear to
4 tlie Governor a Thing right in itfelf: We would
4 then requeft him to favour us with the Reafons of
4 his Opinion, that we may take them imniediateJy
4 into Confideration ; for till this Matter is explained,
4 and underftood, we think it needlefs to confider any
4 other propofed Alterations.' . s -

To this the Governor the next Day replied, •

4 Gentlemen, « / > v-

4 In Anfwer to your Meflage of Yeftefdi^, you
4 will give me Leave to ob'erve, that in the Propr'u-
4 tary CommiJJton appointing me to this Govfcfnmerit,
4 there is a Provifo that nothing therein contained
4 (hall extend, of be conftrucd to extend; fo £i\ne me
4 any Power to do or confent to any A$ftf hereby the
4 Eftate or Property of the Proprietaries ffl&fbthttrt
4 or encumbered: And thk Provifo being contai wed in
4 the Body of the Commiffion from which l 5 *terive
4 the Power of afting as Governor, it is nor^fily the
4 highest Prohibition to me, but any Law .diarcl* r may
4 pafs contrary to that Provifo, I imagine? wottidbe

•'void

• The Bill laid the Tax On a/TEfhtes real and perfdnal throughout
the Province, the Proprietary Eftate ' not excepred.' The Amend-
ment propofed was in.thefe Words, ' Dele the Word [**] arbi
"' iafert tic Word [p»ly\\ i^fa^> Vwrt. n«^ ft^ttfcw Akejajiojttl

IkojERT it. MoiRis, Efq. Dep. GaVefrtor. 2^4-
feff 'for' want of Power in m* to give Jt*

U 1 ftit t*Sett thuspratoi, I (hould (till
4 ^a#^otght i< my D*(y, to have *x«p/fti thtPfi-
1 ^e^EftdXtftom the Levies propofed to be made* x
"• %rWt)flp#5rtg Reafons. ^'

^^Pot that all 'Governor's* whether hereditary or ^.
4 btfifefwife, &re, from the Nature of their Office, m ex-
4 ^^ftroni the Payment of Taxes ; on the contrary,

* Iteyehues are generally given to them to fupport
1 the Honour and Dignity of Government, and to
€ enable them to do the Duties of their Station.

* 2. For that this Exemption from Taxes arifing
6 From the Nature of Governntent is enforced by a
c ;^ff8Ve%iw in this Province^ which exprefty d6-
ci cHtr&, 'tfijuf the proper EflateS of the Proprietaries
* •fiiiflhot bfe lidble to Rates or Ta*e$.

Vi 3: ?bir that the Proprietaries, by their Governor,
ct hMng conFented to i LaW Fbr vetting in the Ped-
4 ^fe\he Fofe Choice of the Perforts to affefs and lay
' Taxes in the feveral Counties, without referving to

* thethfeltes* or their Governor, any Negative! upon
4 fuch Choice, and this Gonceflion being rriade with
' an etfpreFs Prdvifo, that the Proprietary Eftate*
4 tfliouid v i¥)t be taxed; it will be very unrdafotiablfc
' to -empower Fuch PerFbris by a La\fr, without tfeeit
*, pwyiws ConFent, tp tak their £ftat& at DiFcre-

vfi #,\£ or that it &. contrary to thfe cttoftarit PnU>
^ cicer^dUfage in this and all the Proprietary Go-
--ver ntflettt* updn this Continent* Fo far as i have
Sbee«> informed, to lay any Tax upon the Lands or
Sfifttc* ^af the Propfieiafies\ efcercifing the Govern*
Sflwftfeity chenifelves or theSr Lieutenarlts.

?AnRorttBefe ReaForis principally I made the Atherld-
Sdrtmte^Wktiiig to the Proptfccary Effete, to yoxxt
*4feH fdr giving Fifty Tboafaitd PoUnds to the King^s

Jlfe^^nd I hope* dentlem^(i> they will be Fuffici-
t^oinduce you to agree to thofe Amendments.
jcrs the Proprietaries now upon the Spot, I knewr
^$m^o¥c and Aff&tion fof this Country to ^>

■**

-4* ^« Hifiorical REVIEW* &c.

c fuch, that they would do an J Things in their Powef

* for its Prefervation and Safety. But as they $re pot
4 here, I have, on their Behalf v propofe4tQ^^ve
c Lands Weft of the Allegheny Mount^s^ r wid^vit
c any Purchafe-Money, and free from iKe iPayrfient
c of Quitrents for Fifteen Years to come, and then
4 not to exceed the common Quitrent in this ^roy|nce,
c The particular Quantity propofed as ^n,addi-
c tional Encouragement for each Officer and SglcUer

* is expreffed in a'Mefiage to you upon that HsacL'

And the next Day but one the Affembly rejoined,
<c —That the Intention of the Bill was not to hurt
or incumber (it being as little in their Power or Inten-
tion to hurt or incumher the EJiates of their Conjittu-
ents 9 as in the Governors to hurt or incumber, the
Proprietary 'Eftate) but to free it from llurt and In-
cumbrance \ the worft of Incumbrances \ the Neigh-
bourhood of fo mifchievous an Enemy, who v as they
had been repeatedly told by the Governor,, had taken
attual Pojfejfion of fome Part, and laid Claim to a
much greater Part of the Proprietaries Country j they
Could not conceive how the giving a Pari to lave the
Whale \ and, in the Proprietary's Cafe, not only to
faye the Whole, but to render it of double or treble
Value, could properly be called hurting or incytpptring
an Eftate : That if the Argument had any Fore?* it
had the lame Force in Behalf of the People > and,
contequehtly, he ought in Duty to rejeft both I*arts
of the Bill for the fame Reafon : That, for their Parts,
happening to think otherwife, they had laid $e Tax
as chearfully on their own Eftates as on thole 4f their
Conjtituents" — ?• • -

. " That the propofed Grant of Lands,' for the En-
couragement of military Adventurers, Weft of the Al-
legheny Mountains, without any Purchafe-Money,
was as absolutely irreconcilable with the Letter -,<rf the
Proprietary Provifo in his, the Governor's Cornrnif-
fion;, as his Affent to the 'Tax upon their Eftate .could,
be reprefented to be : That if their Love and Affe4-
^for their Country was fuch, that, if they Were
on the Spot, they would do &t\n TVvWA^ttvdr Power

Robert' H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 243

fbHti j^reierv#(pp • and if the Governor, prefum-
jn^o^ if{ii toveand Affe&ion, thought himfelf at
Owrty to (Tifpenfe with To pofitive a Prohibition, it
^gnt^cf aflcedj' why could he not venture to do the
iatpe ^h 1 orifc lnftance for the fame Reafon as in r thg
ciherf j^nd if the Grant of Lands would be valid,
rio^vWdiftandirig fuch Prohibition, why would not his
Aftent to the Bill be the fame? That this magnified
Offer had in Reality been propofed only to make the
Taxing of the Proprietary Eftate appear lefs reafon-
aibip': That it was in Effcft an Offer of Amufement
ohhy good Lands not being fo much as fpecified ;
2nd as good as the beft there, being to be had in Vir-
ginia (where Quitrents were but 2j. whereas the
comtftbh Quitrents in Penfylvania were 4J. and 2d. Ster-
ling) without Purchafe- Money, and wich the fame
Exemption of that Quitrent for fifteen Y^ars to come :
So tKat the Encouragement fo graciou/ly offered to
thqfe Adventurers to recover the Proprietaries Lands
out of the Hands of the Enemy, was at the Bottom
hh better than a Propofal to reward them with a Part
bf the Lands they were fo to recover, at more than
double the Price demanded in the neighbouring Pro-
vince, Without any of the Rifque they were in the
grelcht Cafe to be expofed to."
; w That the Governor being veiled by the Royat
CW^tef itfelf with all the Powers granted thereby ,
for* tfoe good and happy Government of the Province,
Wa£ ii> full Capacity to pafs the Law in queftion :
THe Proprietaries having no Authority to reftrain
tftofe Powers : And all fuch Reftraints having been
already confidered and declared as null and void."
\ ^That they did not propofe to tax the Proprietary as
tj$kripty but as a Fellow-Subjtft) a Land-holder and
ffiMffor of an Eftate in Penfylvania ; an Eft ate, that
oiipib^ bore' benefited by a proper Application of
i^Thax' than 1 any other Eftate in the Province;: That
^^ro^etai'y did not govern them 2 That the £ro-
e 'i^ffirge Expence fupported a Lieutenant to
„_,. _Wira®ty for him 5 that if the Profrktan <&&€*>

244 An Hiprical REVIEW, &c.

yern them in Perfon, and had a Support allowed him
on that Account, they fhould not have thought it
lefs reafonable to tax him as a Land-holder for the Se-
curity of his Land : That they, the Reprefentatives
of the People, were alfo allowed Wages for their Ser-
vice in Afiembly ; and yet the Governor, they infi-
nuated, would hardly allow it to be a good Reafon
why. their Eftatcs fhould therefore be Tax-free : That
it was fcarce to be fuppofed the Proprietary could*
from the Nature of his Office^ derive higher Preten-
lions than the King himfelf ; and yet that the King's
Tenants were by every Land-Tax Aft impowered to
deduft the fame out of their Rent ; and that the
King's Receivers were obliged, under fevere Penal-
ties, to allow of fuch Deductions : But that this was
not the firft Infiance by many, in which Proprietors
and Governors of petty Colonies have afiumed grea-
ter Powers, Privileges, Immunities and Prerogatives
than were ever claimed by thdr Royal Mafter* on the
Imperial Throne of all his extenfive Dominions."

" That the pofuive Law of this Province hinted at
by the Governor as exempting the Proprietaries Eftates
from Taxes, was no other than the Law for .railing
County Rates and Levies, which were in the fame
A£t appropriated to Purpofes for which the Proprie-
taries could not rcafonably be charged (as Wages to
Aflemblymen, Rewards for killing Wolves, &?*.)
not a general^ eonttitutional Law of the Province :
That by a pofttive Law the People's Reprefentatives
were to difpofe of the People's Money, and yet it
did not extend to all Cafes in Government i That, if*
it had, Amendments of another kind, might have
been expe&ed from the Governor 5 feeing, that, in
Confiderationof the Purpofes of the Grant, they had
allowed him a Sharp in the Difpofition, and that he,
by his laft Amendnicnt, propofed alfo, to have a
Share in tba Difpofition of th^ Overplus, if any." ,

€4 rT!?a$ they begged t-^ave to afk, Whether,, if the*
Troppe^ny.E^uo.w^s^ to be taxed as propofed, it
w^uldJ^ equitable for the Owner to have a Negative

; .,r. 1H

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 245

in the Choice of Afieflbrs, fince that would give him
half 1 She Choice, in lieu, perhaps, of a hundredth
Pan ; trf the Tax: That as it was, he had Officers,
Friends* attd other Dependents in every County v to vote
for him, rn Number equal to the proportionable Value
of thef Share of the Tax : That if the Proprietary ftirunk
at tfielnjiiftice of being taxed where he had no Choice
in the Afieflbrs, they again afked, with what Face of
Juftice he could defire and infift on having half th$
Power of difpqfing of the Money levied, to which he
yrould hot contribute a Farthing : That there was
great Impropriety in faying the Proprietary Eftate was
by this Aft to be taxed zt Difcretion, feeing the Afc
feflbrs were to be upon their Oaths or folemn Affir-
mations, which gave the Proprietary as good Secu-
rity ftifc Equity and Juftice as any Subjcdt in the King's
Dominions/*

" That as to the Governors Plea deduced fromllfage
and Cuftom, they alledged, Ufage and Cuftom againft
Reafoh and Juftice ought to have but little Weight :
That the Ufage of Exemptions in Cafes where the
Proprietary Eftates could not be benefited by a Tax
was not in point : That if it was, fo far as regarded
the Eftates of Pfcrfons exercifing Government by them-
felves or Lieutenant, it could not include the Eftates,
of Pr&prietaries who not only did not exercife Go-
vernment by themfelves, but would moreover reftrain^
their Lieutenants from exercifing the juft Powers they
were vefted with by the Royal Charter"

And their latt Paragraph was at Once fo. cogent and
pathetic, that it ought to be given in their own Words*
which cannot be amended. To wit.

' On the whole, we beg the Governor would agaia

* calmly and ferioufly confider our Bill, to which End

* we once more fend it up to him* We know that %

* without his Aflent the Money cannot be raifed* no*

* the good Ends foearneftly defired arid^tfpe^edfaofia
% it be obtained, and we rear his Rcfolutioh to refufe
.-*. jj. But we entreat him to reflect with what i'Reitie-

* ikrux a People bom and bred in Fte*domy aud v>

?4? '4* fUfiorical REVl£W r && •
\ To do this f will require, g|$at S^lly M&Ant+prt

* Hand, for Prefenjs they certainly ,$xp?<$* ^§d will
5 npt a{ thi$ Tipie be fatisfied wixhJfmj|Jl.op^c

. * The Qwen4a<ts came PA pqr JnviUfio t n 9 m& fach

* Terms <M$ -therefore be offered tjt\em ^E : ^ill-effco

* tualjy engage: their Friendftip ,; The Ma# & tanno*

* jppw be minced neither with them nor the ptber Na-

* Hpns. Ypu will therefore pjbjafe tpconfidei? thU

* Matter well, a^d give qie ypur Senticne$$$ and

* Counfel in this trice and ctkipal Situation $ pitf
< Affairs.* , , , ., ..- . v

^ Tiie AfTembly YAnfwes. r -

* iV% it pkafe the Governor,

' The Secretary, by a verbal Meflage from the Go*

* vprnbr on the Twentieth of December laft, acquaint-
*'ed the Houfe, ^ that Scarqyady's Son-in-Law was
*■' charged with a iVTeflTage from the Owendaets, to en-

* quire what their Brethren the JSngli/h defigned to dp

* in Regard to the late Encroachments of the Erench \
c and having heard fince he came to Town that the

* King of England intended to fend over a Number
f of Troops to aflift in repelling thofe Invaders, he

* wag willing, if the Governor thought proper, to
4 return to his Nation, and acquaint them with the

* joyful News : The Governor therefore defired the

* Opinion of the Houfe whether it would be molt

* advifeable for Scaroyaday's Son-in-Law to return

* now to the Ohio, or go to Onondago with Scfirpyd-
c dy" Whereupon the Houfe gave for Ai^wer,

* that it was their Opinipn that it would be ; moft

* proper for Scaroyadfs Son-in-Law to return xq jhe
c Ohio as foon as conveniently he could. This is. aU
c the Part our Houfe have had in Relation tp the

* Owendaets\ neitheir did we know of the lead Iflfen*

* tron of inviting them, or any others ; fo th^aa
rl they are now come down without our Knewhjlg*

* or Requeft; entirely upon the Governor's Jpvjta?

* tion, it is fome 'Surprize' to us' to find the Indians,
J ihotild have Jtealbn to importune him, or tb^he

*-

Robert H. Morris, EJq. Dep. Governor. 249

f IboukHje at aoy Lofe to know what it is he has to
4 idip#t ttuhem on this Occasion.

4 Our <3ondu<9: towards the Indians in oar Alliance

* has 1 teen always candid, and free from any Subcer-

* fe^gc 1 *fcatever, fo-that wc do not underftand what
4 thtf Governor would mean by telling us 44 that the
4r MdCter cannot be now minced, neither with them
44 Aot the bther Nations." And wc are likewife at
4 a Lofe to conceive why they fhould expeft great
4 Prefents from us who are wholly ignorant of the
4 Intention of their coming.

4 The Governor has been pleaied to refute his Af-
4 fent to our Bills which had provided for Indian and
4 other Expences, and as our Treafury is exhaufted
4 by the Very heavy Charges for the King's Service,
c thefe Indians are come among us at a very unfortu-
4 hate Time, when it is not in our Power to fupply
4 them in the Manner we are inclined to do ; however
c we will do all that can be reafonably expedted from
4 U6, and muft leave the reft to be fupplied by the

* Bropriet dries, whofe Intereft is at leaft as much con-

* cerned as ours in engaging the Affections of the
4 Indians at this Time.*

The Governor's Rejoinder.
^ Gentlemen,

4 If my Meffage gave you Room to think that the

* Qwendaets came here on a particular Invitation of

* mine, at this Time, I have led you into a Miftake.
c They fet out from their Country as they have in-

* formed me on the Plan fet forth in the Minutes of
' Council of the Twentieth and Twenty-fourth of
4 December laft, which were laid before you,

4 The othgr Indians, at their Requeft, accompa-

* n}ed them hither as they were Strangers * apd Sea*
i royady fays, he has fome particular Bufinefs to tranf*
1 ad with this Government. I haye in the Name
'of the Province given Thanks to the Owendaets for
f^this kind Vifit, and to thofe. of the Six Nations that
* r 'Hpb^ with our Army in the late A6i\on - y aflured

<*SO J* Hiftorical R E V I E W % &c.

* them all of the Affeftions of the Englijh ; recom-
4 mended to them to continue firm in their Attach-

* ment to us ; and given them Room to expert fome

* Prefencs as a Token of our Regard.

4 As the Treafury is exhaufted, I can onlyfty,
4 that I will readily pafs a Bill for ftriktng any Sum

* in Paper Money the prefent Exigency may retjtifref ;
4 provided Funds are eftabllfhed tor finking the fame

* \nfivt Years.

4 The Secretary will communicate to you what

* was faid to the Indians Yefterday, and I (ball lay
' before you what may further pafs between Us, and
4 carneftly recommend it to you to enable me to fend

* thefe People away perfe&ly fatisfied.*

In this Interval alfo, the Governor in another written
Meflage did his utmoft to refute the Arguments urged
by the Aflembly, to juftify their Claim to tax the
Proprietary Eftate : But as the Paper is long, and
the Afiembly's Anfwer to it much longer : As the
Difpute was again and agiin revived, and a thoufend
Ways diverfified ; as the Data already before us aflford
Jufficient Grounds for a fairDecifion : And as it would
require the Phlegm of a German to wade through all
the Minutenefies of it •, all thefe Pieces may be col-
lected in an Appendix, for the Sake of thofe fo fond
of Precifion, that they cannot be fatisfyed unlefs they
fee the Whole of a Controverfy together.

The Aflembly, however, on the very Day that
they received the Governor's Paper prepared him to
expeft a full, and as they hoped, a fat isfaftory An-
fwer; and in order, that the public Bufmefs, Of the
greateft Importance, might not any longer be detajred
by fuch Difputes, took Leave to acquaint him, 4C Thafc
the Bill they had fent up to him was a Monty* Bill,
-granting Fifty Thoiifand Pounds to the King's Ufe,
i&hich they i'aw no Reafon to alter: That theyv
therefore, adhered to theif Bill, and defired the G&«<
vernor would be -pkafed to gtvfe his final Anfwei^
Whether he would- pafs it, or not* as it theil

flood?" ' ■ - - ■"■ ■ • • nv:r ''

&A\d

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 251

j|$4 upqn the oe?ct, the Goyerapr £gn}Jjed in W ri-
fting^ #0 th^ A(few&}y 9 lc That h^vjfig amended &e
BiiJ for faififlg 50*000/, and not b^ijjg yet fafisfietf,
that it was in hi? £ow£r or CQnfjftent wjth his Tf^ft
topafsit without thofe Amendments* whatever he
mglft fagvhp* he fhould hear what they prtpqfed to fay
to h|ig 3 .ypon th^F Head, he though? it necefifery, in
Anfwerj to their Meffage of the p^y before to inform
them, that he did adhere to the Amendments to the
Bill &>Jby him made."

T^;/VJefl*age was, i|lfo, accompanied by another,
in which the Governor fpecifies, " That he had re-
ceived, a Letjcer frotfi Col. Dunbar in Aqfwer to.tha
Propofition he had made to him [at the Inftance of
jhe Aflembly. fhould have been acknowledged] for
ppfting Part of his Troops on the Wefitrn Frontier*
fignifying* That he was willing to employ them in
the beft Manner he could, for the Honour of his
Matter and the Service of the Public, and inclofing the
Opinion of a Council of War, by which he, the Go*
vernoiy was ,defired to give them a Meeting at Ship-
pnjhurgi where they would wait till he could joiri
therfc : And that he fhould readily have gone thither
for that Purpofe, had he not received another Letter
from Governor Shirley* (in anfwer to one of £0, requeft-
ing Orders for employing the Remaincerof the twp
EngUJh Regiments in protecting the FrojjMpfs of that
and tj*e neighbouring Provinces) in whin he faid,
he thought it for his Majefty's Service to ^pploy thofo
Troops another Way^ as thofe Provinces were popu-
lous enqugh to proteft themfelves ; and therefore had
fent,-Qfde**s to Col. Dunbar under Cover to him, to.
fROTpfo hi& Troop? to that Gtyi which he had [al-
| r^y,]^ J#rw%rded, to him. And that as the March pf
\ tfo$f$ Tr<?ops would leave the Wjfienn Frontier ex*
pofed t#,the French and Indians* he thought it bis
]&gy:*o, communicate thofe Matters to them, thai
^ey/wight, as foon as. poflible* fnake ; Provision fqr
tteiSeeprjty of the Back Inhabitants* and for tb^^S^
fiftence of the Troops during their March thtoygjj.

3 5 * An Hijtorical REVtkW, &c.

the Province, which might prevent great Mi/chiefs to *
the People inhabiting near the Road from Sbippenjburg
to Philadelphia. 9 '

So that the March of oar own Troops is her£ dif-
courfed of in fuch Language as renders ic doubtfal
for a Moment, whether, he is not fpeaking of the
' Enemy. — Governor Shirley's Thoughts are immediately
received as Laws; Governor Morris has not a Thought
to fuggeft to the contrary : It was for the King's Ser-
vice to leave a Province, actually invaded* as the laft
of thefe Governors had over and over again afferted
to the Affembly, expofed to the Ravages of the Ene-
my ♦ And, though Provifion had been at firft made
for having four Regiments to carry on the War in •
thefe Provinces, thefe Provinces were now all at once
fuppofed to be in a Condition to cover themfclves,
though fome of them had not yet armed a Man, or
beat a Drum.

Out of all which, fuch a Jumble of Ideas encoun-
ter *ach other, and fuch a Variety of Doubts and
Sufpicions arifes, that one cannot help wondering,
that the Affembly did not call for thefe feveral Let-
ters, and from the Evidence of their own Eyes, and
their own Underftandings, form fuch a Remonfixance,
as would have difplayed the whole State of Things in
its proper Colours.

In tMtfte Inftance, therefore, it may be not ir-
rationally fuppofed, that their ufual Sagacity failed
them : An$ this Failure was no fooner difcovered,
than the Governor came upon them with another
Meffage importing, " That his Secretary would lay
before them the Copies of fundry Petitions which
had beep prefented to him from feveral Parts of the
Province, reprefenting their naked and defencelefe
Condition, and praying to be enabled to defend them-
fclvcs, which th:y were fenfible was not in his Power
to comply with : That he would alfo lay before them «$
a Letter from one John Harris, giving an Account of "
a large Party of Indians' aftually fee out from the
French Fort with a Defign to fail upon and deftroy

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 2$$

the Inhabitants of this and the neighbouring Provin-
ces : That they had this Piece of Intelligence as he
had received it ; that they would form their own
Judgments upon it ; that for his Part he thought it
probable j and that therefore, he recommended it to
them to cake immediate Thought about it, as the
Confequence would be very terrible to the Inhabitants,
if the Account fhould prove true, and it could do
them no Injury to be upon their Guard if it fhould
prove falfe,"

This was dated the 15th : The 16th he farther
gave them to underftand, " That he found, by an
Extract of a Letter from Governor Lawrence (of No*
va Scotia) to Lieutenant Governor. Pbipps (of New*
England) fent by Governor De Lancey (of New Tork)
to him, That the French at Louifburgb were in fuch
Diftrefs for want of Provifions, that if a Supply could
be prevented, they might be reduced to a Neceflity
of giving it up to us ; and that, therefore, he recom-
mended it to them to think of fome proper Law, that
their being fupplied from Penfylvania might be more
effeftually prevented/'

And on the 19th he again notified, " That he had
received Letters by Exprefs from Governor Shirley %
[which however he did not communicate] acquaint-
ing him, That he had wrote to Col. Dunbar, That it
appeared clear to him (Shirley) as there would be
four Months of good Weather before the Winter fet
in, That, with the Number of Forces the Colonel
then had, and the Afiiftances he might have from
Penfylvania* Maryland, and Virginia, he might yet
have it in his Power, to retrieve the Lofs fuftained in
the late Defeat, by proceeding to Fort Duquefne, and
had fent him Orders for that Purpofe : And that in
Addition to this, he had /aid to him, that it would
pend on thofe feveral Provinces to affift Colonel
nbar with Reinforcements, Provifions, Ammunition,
tillery, Ordinance Stores, Carriages* Horfes* and a 11
ter Things to fit him out for his March, &c. And
he had wrote to the famc£ffe£t to Govemot Din-

7 •ujiddie

454 J* tiiftorical REVJEPT, &c. v

widdie and Governor Sharpe, whefe Affrftancp,; with
that of Penfylvania, he entirely relied npbn at inateX-
tt tttfrdiA&fy Grills': That he muft therefore retoitfmelrid
H to them, to enable him to do the feveral Things
fo expe&ed of them, to take the Matter into J ifnrne*
ditite Confideltetion, and giv6 him thfcir AnfweV there-
to", that he faight fend it forward to Cof. Duribar, and
the faid Governors of Maryland and Virginia^ Whofe
Meafiires wQuld, in a jt&z/ Meafure depend on What,
he fhould be enabled to do."
* NbW General Shirley himfelf, in the State of His
own Conduft, which he has lately faid before the Pub-
lic, fafys, ift, That Col. Dunbar did not receive any
Orders whatever from him till about the Middle of
Augaft, about which Time, he had advanced far in
Ws March to Philadelphia : And 2dly, That theOr-
cferS' he then fent him, were to march his Troops ta
Albany i there to be ready to aflift either in the Expe-
dition againft Niagara or Crown-Point as his MajeftyV
Service fiiould require, or at lead cover the Country
in cafe Major General John/on fhowld be defeated by
the French, &c. nor does he mention one Word of
the Affiances hfe expefted, or had required of the faid "
Provinces.

The General, neverthelefs, might poflibly have
fent fuch Orders fubfequent.

The Afiettfbly did not, however, ftart any Scruple
On- this Head ; but, as before, took all upon Con-
tent; and behaved in every Refpe<51r, as if they were
altogether as fdllicitous to tax themselves, as their Pro-
prietaries.

To render this undeniable, an In fiance of a Ttry
lingular Kind is now to be brought forward. Certain
Gentlemen of Philadelphia, not of the Aflenifcfty, to
the Number of Twenty, fubferibed in various* iNtradr-
doh9, the Sum of £502: 10s. and made a 'Ten-
der of it to the Houfe with the following Propofal.
To wit. "-'■■'

* We the Subfcribers obferve, with great Concern;'
4 that the -Governor and Afiembly differ in '©pinion,

g <in

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 255

in refpeift to the Taxing the Proprietaries Eftate :
And left by fuch Difference in Opinion the Bill for
r*ifipg M fi$y .Tbeuf&td Pounds for his Majefty's Scr-
vici f nautd not take Effe<5t,
4 vf An<J as the Aflembly, in their Meffage to the Go-
vernor Teem to be of Opinion, that were the Pro-
"prje^rie^ Lands to be taxed, the Sum would not ex-
ceed Five Hundred Pounds * j
4 ^Vfe> rather than the Jeaft Check fhouldbe given
to his Majefty's Service at this Time of imminent
Danger, by a Matter fo very trifling r do hereby pro-
mife. and engage to pay Five Hundred PoundSyMonty
of Ptnjylvania^ into the public, Stock, for the King's
Ufij,- in Lieu of what the Proprietaries would pay
as their Part of the Fifty Thoufand Paunds r w^re their
J^nds to be taxed.

4 And as we declare the Abfence of the Honoura-
ble the Proprietaries to be our Motive for making this
Propofal, being well affured, that, were they prefent
it ..wou]d have been altogether unneceffary ; and we
doubt not but they will honourably acquit every
Subferiber of this Expence.'
The Houfe, taking it into Confideration, Refolded,
That fuch a Propofal to this Houfe is improper, as
this Houfe is deftitute of the neceflary Information
to afifefs any Eftate duly, and neither can nor ought
to affefs the Proprietaries Eftate at the Sum pro-
pofed, or at any other Sum whatever; and as, in
cafe the Sutycribers fhould negleft or refufeto pay
the Sum fubferibed, it would not be in the Power of
this Houfe, not being a Body incorporate, to fue'
them for the fame. — But as the Houfe prefumes
that the faid Propofal may have arofe from the Sub-
fcribfjrs Judgment of the Equity of taxing the; Pro-
prietaries Eftate equally with all others in this; Pro-
vince, for their common Safety, Ordered^ That the

* This however was a forced Con!!rutt»on put on the Words*

I of the Aflembly by thefe Friends of the Proprietary ; and it appears>

1 by an Att afterwards pafTed, that 5060 /. and not 500/. was look- #

1 ed opon arid accefHed as an, Equivalent for (he Proprietaries of a

6q*oco/. Tax.

i$6 An Hifirieal REVIEW, Sec.

* faid Propofa! be font up to the Governor as a fur-

* ther Security to him, in cafe he fhould give his Af-
c fent to the Bill for railing 50^000 /. for the King's
? Ufe/ &c>

-And having on the 19th, prepared a ful table Mef-
fage, fent it up together with their Bill, to the Go-
vernor, under a ftrong Expreflion of Hope, That^
with this farther Security he would chearfully give his
Afienttoit.

At the fame Tithe, alfo, in a fepatete Meflage;
They farther apprized him, * That they had taken his
Mefiage concerning Governor Shirley $ Orders into
Confederation; and that it was their Opinion, hid
giving Aflent to their Bill, which they eatnfeftly re-
quefted of him, would enable him to do every Things
which could be reafonably expedted from them/

And that he might not ferve any irifidibus PurjSofe
by his Mefiage concerning Louifburgh, they fent him
the following Anfwer, in which they at once correfted
his State of the Faft by inferring the very Words of
Governor Lawrence 's Letter, and left him to anfwer
for his Deviation*

c May it pleafe the Governor*
c We have confidered the Governors Mefiage of
c the 1 6th Irtftant, with the Extract from Governor
c Lawrence's Letter to Governor Phips, in which it
c is obferved, " That if the excellent Laws prohibiting*
a the Tranfportation of Provifions to LouiJbUrg con-
** tinue in Force for two Months l<?nger 9 there is a
* c Probability that the Governor of that Place will
<c be obliged to prefent the Keys of the Gafrifon to
** Mr. Bofcawen." And our Governor is pitied td

* recommend it tons, to think of fom£ proper Vaw

* that, may mod effectually prevent th^ir being fup-
c plied from this Province :— But as an Aft paffed this

* Houfe, and received the Governor's Afl&nt, at'Sitf

* laft Sitting, intituled, ** An Aft to continue an
4,6 Aft* intituled, An Aft to pfevent the Exportation

" Qf

Robert H. Morris, Efo Dep. Governor. 257

xx of Provifions, naval or warlike Stores, fronvthis Pro-
* c vince to Cape-Breton* or to any other Dominions of
" the French King, or Places at prefent in Pofleffion
cc of any of his Subje&s," by which the A& continu- 1

* ed will be in Force at lead ten Months to come, and

* lias been, as far as we know, effe&ual for the Pur-

* pofes intended ; arid as the Governor has not pointed

* out to us any Defeff in that A&, nor has any oc-
c curred to us, we cannot at prefent think what Law

* can be made more effectually to prevent that Place
? being fupplied with Provifions, &c. from this Pro-

vince/

And now the Period was come, when all capable
of Convidtion, were to be convinced, That, tho* the
Governor had laboured hard to eftablifli a Belief, that
the uncomplying Dilpofition of the Aflembly was the
only Qbftacle to the Current of public Bufinefs, the
contrary was the Matter of Fadt ; and that having ob-
ierved Obftinacy on his Side never failed to produce
fome Gonceffibn on theirs, he had come to a Refolu-
tk^q* r to proceed in the fame Courfe of Exa&ion, till
nothing required of him by his Injtruffions was left
unperformed; that is to fay, till the Aflembly had
nothing left to part with.

Xhe Shadow of a Royal lnftruSiion^ fo long and fo

often played before their Eyes, was now out of the

CJueftion : The Governor fays the Province is actually

invaded; that 3 vi&orious Enemy is on the Point of

ravaging it with Fire and Sword: The King's Troops

after having been fo many Ways gratified and aflifted,

are recalled : They are told they are to provide tor

their ...own Defence ; They offer 50,000/. to be laid

put /or that Purpofe : The Proprietary Eftate becomes

liable to a Demand, computed by his Friends at about

500/ : Even that 500 /. is offered on the Behalf of

the Proprietaries by a few private Individuals, as an

Expedient to remove that only Difficulty out of the

Way : And the Governor, refufes it*— — rSo that, if

there was any Truth in the Governor's repeated Af-

a 5 8 An Bprical REVIEW, Sec:

fertions, the Safety of the Province, 5 the Iat^r^iaF
the Public, and the Honour of the BritiflV VfPWpr
were to be alike expofed and endangered, jqgether
with the Proprietary Eftate, fo impertinently and im-
providently put inta the Scale againft all the keft. '

To fay all at once, his Anfwer to the lad Propofi*
tion as verbally delivered to the Houfe by liis Secret
tary, was in thefe Words, viz*

« Sir,
4 The Governor having by Meflage of the 14th,
1 Inftant informed you, That he did not think it con-
* filtent with his Power or Truft to pafs the Bill for
c raifing Fifty Tbpufand Pounds, without the Amend-
c ments he had made to it, and that he adhered to
c thofe Amendments ; is fur prized at your Meflage of
c . this Day, to which he can only fay, That he thinks
4 it his Duty to adhere still to the Amendments he
' made to that Bill.'

On the fame Day, alfo, by another Meflage he put
them in mind of his former Requifitions concerning
a Militia ; and demanded a plain, and categoric^ An-
fwer, Whether they would, or would not eftabJUh
one, " That his Majefty and fiis Minifters mig|it be
informed, whether, at this Time of Danger* the Pro-
vince of Penfylvania was to be put into aPofturfcof
Defence or not ?" ' , r

This convinced the Houfe, that all Expedient was
at an End-/ and that all the Governor aimed af, was
to bewilder them if poflible in another Maz<? qf] Con-
troverfy. — To difcharge themfelves, therefore, Qfe*,
very Branch of Duty, as far as they were permitted to
do it with any Confiftency to themfelves, and Regajui
to the Fundamentals of their Conftitution •, they,!^
took into Confideration the feveraj Petitions of th^
Frontier Towns, for Arms, &c. and Refolved, Thjit \
a Sum, npt exceeding icoo/. if fo much remained -
in the Treafury at the Difpofition oftbe Houfe by tjhqu
Laws in force, fhould be paid into the Hands of a

Z - Com-

UoBEkf 13. MoRRts, £fq. I?ep. Governor. 259
Committee of the Houfe then named, to be by them
difpofed ofj 'with the Concurrence of the Governor for
the TSme being, as fhould appear neceflary.

Prdcfedrng then to the Governor's verbal Meffkge
concerning their Money-Bilk^ they agreed to return
an Anfwer to this Effecl : viz. " That he, having in
his former Anfwer fignified, that he was not yet fa-
tisfied, &c. whatever he might be, when he heard
what they had farther .to fay, which argued a Sufpen<-
Jion of his Determination^ and they having fince fent
him a long Meffage containing the Reafons of their
Procedure, they could not but be furprized at his
Surprize, more efpecially as he had not even then re-
turned their Bill : That as to his Pfopofal for ftriking
toty Sum in Paper-Money the prefent Exigency might
require, provided Funds were eftablilhed for finking
the fame in Five Years, they had no Funds equahto fo
great a Sum without the Affiftance of an equitable
Tax, to which the Governor would always have his
Objetftions in favour of the Proprietary-E&zit ; That
as this Propofal" might lead them back ipto thofe Dis-
putes, which by the Form of this Bill, agreeable to
the Governor's Advice in his Speech at the Opening
of the Seflibn, they had ftudied to a^oid, they fhould
be farther -fur prized to receive it from him, could they
find the Teaft Reafon to think he was fincerely defirous
of having any Thing done for the Defence of the
Province : And that being now convinced, no farther
Benefit could arife from their longer Sitting, and being
i to meet of Courfe in a few Weeks to fettle the Ac-
i counts of the Year, they took leave to acquaint him
f of their Purpofe to adjourn to the 15th of Septem-
ber erifyirig, in cafe he had no Objedtion to that

Laftly, by the fame Members, that were appointed
to tariy up this Mefiage to the Governor, they affo
fent another concerning a Militia, in which having
enumierated his feveralT^eflfoges in relation to the De-
fence ^d Safety of the&rovince, they wave tire Point

i6o An Bijlirkal REV I ZW, .&ej _. >L

by faying, <c Tbfrt the Ek&ions throughout t^^ra^
vince being near at hand, they chofe to refer ,;hat
Point to" a future, Afiembly, "and then proceqd,^ folr
lows, 4 But j as we find by the Governor's ;^^it
upon our Bill for granting Fifty Thou/and Pp,u$dg f$f
the King's Ufe, he cannot think it confiftent ^fjpfe
the Truft repofed in him by the Proprietaries, to pzfe
that Bill, we find by Experience that it caiv anfwcr
no good Purpofe to wafte our Time in preparing
Bills for his Affent, in which, for the common Se-
curity and Defence of the Province, we apprehend
it would be a high Breach of the Truft repofed in
us to exclu4e the Proprietaries Eftate from bearing
any Part of the Burthen, and if not excluded, as
the Governor afierts, muft at laft be rejected by him
for want of fufficient Powers in his Commiffion j
and therefore (had we no other Objections) we hope
the Governor will judge it reafonable, after fo many
repeated Refufals of the Bills we have offeredLto bin*
for granting large Sums of Money for the King*
Ufe, that we now wait the Determination of. opr
Superiors what Powers he has, or ought to have, as
our Governor ', under the Royal and Provincial Char-
ters, and what exclufive Rights our Proprietaries
may be juftly intitled to in the Laying and levying
of Taxes for the common Security and Defence of
their Eftates, with all the other Eftates within? this
Province/

In Anfwer to the firft of thefe Meffages, to far as
related to the Time of Adjournment, (witlji wjiicli he
was verbally acquainted by the Meffengei:$); tine. Q°-
vernor was pleafed to fay " he had no Obje&ion to that
Time more than any other ; but that if he found [pa
Perufal of the written Meffages then delivered to bim]
that the Houfe had not given him a fatisfadtqry. An-
fwer, to his Meffages relating to a Militia^ he j^ouid
call them again immediately" c

To the Time of thtir own Adjournment, they bad,
neverthelefs, the Grace to be indulged with a Recefs.

And

Robert H.Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 261

And on the Third Day of their SittiAg, they pre-
ftfjjid^ Requeft to the Governor, <c That, if; he had
ai$ Bufinefs of Importance to lay before them, par-
tktilaurlyi if any Application had been made to him

tt a fcfcf ther Supply of Provifions, for the Ufeof the
iWgV Forces then gone towards Crown-Point* he
vfOtfTd be pleafed to lay it before them Toon, as their
TPdst was near expired, and the Time of their Con-
iihiiance together confequently flxort/*

^Tie Anfwer they received was verbal, by his Ho-
ttoiif*s Secretary, importing, " That the Government
of Maffacbufets-Bay had ordered 2,800 Men to be
immediately raifed in Addition to the 1,500 before
raifed for the Redu&ion of Crown Point ; and that
the Governor had the Day before received a Letter
from Governor Pbipps* defiring, at the Inftance of
the Council and Afiembly there, an immediate Sup-
ply* of Provifion to be fent to Albany" And, as if
this was not enough to afk of them, a fupplemental
Paragraph was grafted upon it as follows. " The
Gbvernor has alfo been informed* that the Government
<if Gomefticuthzvs. raifed 1500 Men, and Rbode-IJland
1 5<!>, in Addition to the Forces fent by thofe Go-
vernments againft Crown Point* who will alfo ftand in
sxcxA of a Supply of Provifions : He therefore recom-
toelilds thefe Matters to your Confideration."
'•: Two Articles, out of Governor Shirley's State of
his own Conduct, will come in not improperly here ;
viz; r " Upon Mr. Shirley's Arrival at New-Tork
^yufy 4) he found a full Stop put to the Preparations
for the Expedition againft Crown Point* withRefpedt
rathe Articles of Artillery and Military Stores, which
the Governments of Maffacbufets-Bay and New-Tork
had agreed to furnifh between them, depending, that
the Colonies of 'Connecticut* New-bampfltire^ and Rhode-
Iftand* would pay their Proportions of the Expence ;
but that not being done, the Government of New-
York decKned parting with the Stores, without aftual
^ jrtrtent or Security, giver*.-— -After having remov-
this Obftacle to the Expedition's proceeding, by

S 3 \>mv&%

1

i

js. I*. 1. ^

2 6i An Hifiorical REVIEW, tec. :

Putting into the Hands of the Government of New-
. Tork a fufficient Quantity of the Penfyhania~PtoviJbms y
as a Security for re-imburfing them on Account of the
before- mentioned Articles, and advanced about rood /,
Sterling of his own Money towards the Expense of
tranfporting the Artillery* add Ordnance-Scores, in
Confidence of being re-imburfed by the New~Engla#d
Colonies, he embarked for Albany"
' The Reader will make his own Remarks : At teaft
he will infer from what pafled in the Affembty of Pen-
' fyhania before, in relation to Orders [aid to have been
received from and Demands made by General Shirley*
That the faid Aflembly would now have been inex-
cufable, if they had not called upon their Governor,
for Governor PhippSs Letter and the other Informa-
tions referred to upen this Occafion -, which they did
by 6xprefs Meflage ; and that having been told by hitn
in anfwer to that Call, that he had Orders from the
Secretary of State not to lay before the Houfe any
Papers but fuch as he pleafed, they fliould apply to
him for a Sight of fuch Orders. —

They did fo> and were again refufed ; he fignifying
that fuch Orders being intended for his own Govern-
ment, he thought it improper to communicate them :
And in the Name of the Secretary of State* vouch-*
ing, as he himfelf had done before, That Meffages
from him Were a fufficient Foundation for them to
proceed upon : But withal recurring to what he had
alfo offered in his former Meflage, namely, to conw
municate to their Speaker, or a Few of the Houfe,
fuch Parts of the Information he had received from the
Eaftward as his Majefty's Service required.'

But this not proving fatisfa&ory to the Houfe, all
Proceedings on this Head were for fome Days at a
Stand j arid the Interval was filled with a Continuation
of the anirtfated Controverfy, which in the preceding
Seffion had fo highly exafperated the twtf Branches
of thfc Legiflature againft each other, and which never
had bfc€n either revived, or catifed, if the Governor

and

n

Robert^ H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 263
ag$i hi* Employers had not preferred their awn private
Vjs&Si to all the moral and equitable Obligations of
Government,

' 3fifhen the Aflerably had fet nine Days, and now
jfcmaifl&jl in a Sort of Sufpence, not chufing to in-
flame eta one Hand, and willing to hope the Gover-
nor would Tin d Reafons to abate of his unreasonable
Stiffnefs on the other 5 came down a long Meflage by
Way of Anfwer to the Afiembly's Paper of Septem-
ber^ 1 and, fufficiently exafperated thereby, that
Body, now at the Point of Diflblution, refolved to
acquit themfelves with as much Spirit a$ if they had
been immortal. '

To the Appendix the Reader muft be again referred
for both Pieces : They cannot ; they ought not to be
ibppreflfed : They are too long to be here inferted en-
tire, and to abridge them, at leaft that of the Affembly,
would be to maim one of the mod lively Pieces, that
Liberty e^r infpiredor Controverfy produced.

Suqh a Reference then to the Subject Matter of
both as will juft ferve to keep up a fort of hiftorical
Gqane&ion, is all the Ufe to be made of them in this
fJacc.

The Affembly had (very truly) charged the Go:
vmiQTr with contriving all poffible Methods of Ex*
penctfto exhauft their Funds and diftrefs their Affairs ;
and had given in Proof the exorbitant Demand m^ide
upon them for cutting the Road for the Ufe of the
Army * an Entcrprize which they tell him they had
Undertaken, at his Inftance, on a Computation of its'
Qofting only 800/. The Governor in his Reply faid,
fuch a Sum might have -been mentioned as what it
*r$uld;caft in feme Men's private Opinion; but. not
upw an Eftimate of the Commiffioners y nor what had
fe&b mfacb fent to him. Adding, 4< That tho* they
hadi numbered the making the Road among their me-
riiockmi A&s, they had in Effeft done it out of Fear
q£ Mving proper Reprefentations made of their Con-
dad at home, and of an armed Fvrct being ufed to

-' S 4 tbligt'

264, An Hiftorical REVIEW, &c:

cblige tht Inhabitants to do this necefihry Work : That
he had perfuaded the General to compound for one
Road inftead of Two, to contraft even that to twa
Thirds of the Breadth, and not to carry it fo far bf •
many Miles as direfted by the Quarter-Mafter-Ge-
neral ; by which great Savings were made to the Pro-
vince, and Thanks inftead of Complaints were diie
to him, and Rewards to the Commiflioners who had
ferved the Province in fo hazardous a Talk fo well :
That he had never made fuch a Demand as 5OQO l.
nor could it have been made by any one, becaufe the
Accounts were not come in : And that now they were
come in, the Charge did not amount to 3,000 /•'
which was not extravagant, confidering the Diftance
and Expedition required in the Work."

The Aflembly in their Anfwer could not be fo full
in their own Juftification, and, confequently, in re-
futing the Governor, as they might have been, be-
caufe the neceflary Documents happened at that Time
to be miflaid. But when thofe Documents were re-
covered, they did themfelves ample Juftice, by re-
printing the moft material in an Appendix to their
Minutes.

And among them was a Letter from the faid Com -
mifiioners to the Governor, which was communidated, t
together with one of the Governor's own, (to the
Committee of Aflembly, at that extraordinary Crifis
appointed to aft on Behalf of the whole, and other
Members then called in to their Afliftance) by hisSe-
cretary ; in which was the following exprefs Claufe :

* The Expence of making the Road thirty Feet

* wide, and the principal Finches twenty, will make

* an Expence of about 800 /.' This Letter Wis dated
April 1 6th: And the Committee having, in -the
Name of the Houfe, undertaken to defray rfie f Ex-
pence of both Roads, the Work went on according-
ly, , ; In another Letter from the fame Commiffioifetfs,
dated, May 3d; it is faid, * Both Roads tfilHeatverKt-

* rieutif 1500/; for it is impoflible to tell what tttek-
I pe^d Occurrences will arte, Gfr/. The Hatffe,

1

Robert H. Morris,- Efq. Dep. Governor. 265

now fitting^refolved to perfevere notwithftanding,
and notwithstanding the Lofs of their Bill, which
made thei* f Comp)iance more difficult. Another Ef-
timate, dated fifteen Days after this, figniffcd, 4 That
4 the Egpence of opening both Roads would be little
* under 2000// Thus three Eftimates had been de-
livered in* each exceeding the other: And after all
this, when one Road had been dropt, and' the <s>ther
reduced in the Manner alledged by the Governor, the
faid Commiffioners did a&ually * require 5000 /. ,to be
fent to them, in Addition to what had been paid to
them already, which in Money and Provifions was
fuppofed to be near 1000 /. The Committee of Ac-
counts had fat upon this Requifition, had pronounced
it to be extravagant , and had given it as their Opi-
nion, AuguftXih* 1755, <c That in order to prevent
Impofition on the Public, the faid Commiffioners
ought forthwith to attend the foid Committee with
their Accounts fairly dated, with proper Vouchers
for the fame." From all which PremifTes, the Houfe
had furely Reafon to afk as they did, 4C Whether
they .had not good Reafon to be furprized at this, and
to fufpeft fome Extravagance in the Management ?"—
But they went farther ltill ; they, cited the original
Letter from the Governor's Six Commiffioners to
him, and by him communicated to the Houfe Au-
guji 9th, in which the Five Tboufand Pounds is fpeci-
fied, together with an Intimation, That the People
being much in Want of Money, the Money could not
be fent too foon. And they conclude this SefHon with
the following (hrewd Remark: c The Governor's
4 Judgment of our Motives to engage in this Work
4 of opening the Roads, feems to us a very unchari-
1 table one, but we hope to find more equitable
' Judgment elfewhere. We are obliged to him, how-

* «flrgr* for owning that We did engage in it at all.
' For as he is pleated to lay it down as a Maxim that
'itearevery wicked People ; he has fhewn i a other

. ' InftanCes, when wte have done any Good, that he

* thinks itf no more Injuftice co us to deny tbt Fafls^

I

266 An Hiflmcal REV IE W, &c-

than now to deny the Goodnefs of our Motives
He would, however, think himfelf ill* ufed^ if any
Part of his Zeal in that Affair was afcribed to xhe
Menaces dire&ed to him 5 or to a View of accom-
modating by the new Road the Lands bfHhff Pro-
prietaries new Purchafe, atid by that means in-
creafing the Value of their Eftate at our Ex^enee.*
Again : The Governor was pleafed to exprefe him-
felf in theje extraordinary Terms: ' You $havei often
mentioned what you have done to promote the Suc-
cess of his Majefty's Arms under General Braddoct,
and for the Defence of the Province, and fay, you
have Letters from the late General^ thanking you for
your Service; the Truth of, this I muft beg Leave
to queftion, as the l,ate General was too honeft to
fay one Thing to you, and another to the King's
Minifters. He might acknowledge the Services of
particular Men, but how you can take thofe to
yourfelves as an Affembly, when you had no Hand
in what was done, I am at a Lofs to know. I
think it will not be doubted, but that had you in
Time opened the proper Roads, raifed Men* and
provided Carriages and necejfary Provifiont for the
Troops, as this was the only Province able, in the
General's Situation, to furnifh him with thed>* we
might now have been in peaceable Foffeffion of Fart
,Duquefn$'

To which aftonifhing, becaufe groundlefs Charge,
the Afiembly* in the following full and effe£tual
Manner, replied: * We own that we have ofl6n
mentioned this; but we have been forced to it by ttie
Governor's afferting, as often, in his Meffages* edn-
trary to known Faft, that we had done nothings and
would do nothing of that Kind. But it feems me take
to our f elves the Services of particular Men, in which ,
the Governor fays, we had no Handy and adds,
That had we in Time opened the proper Roads,
raifed Men, and provided Carriages, and neceffary
Provifions for the Troops, we might now < have
been in peaceable Poffeffion of ForttDueuefne"

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor, a.67.

We; beg Leave to afk the Governor, Has the Body
mx Share in what is done by its Members ? "Has the
Hoxfe no Hand in what is done by its Committees?
Has it no Hand*in what is done by Virtue of its
o*m Rcfolves and Orders? Did we not, many
Weeks before the Troops arrived, vote Five Thou*
fand Pounds for purchafing frelh Vi&uals, and other
Neceflaries for their Ufe ? Did we not even borrow
Money on our own Credit to purchafe thofe Provi-
fions when the Governor had rcjeded our Bill ?
Will the Governor deny this, when he himfelf once
charged it upon us as a Crime? Were not the Pro-
vifions a&ually purchafed by our Committee, the
full Quantity required by the Commiffary, and carried
by Land to Virginia at our Expence, even befare
they were wanted? Did the Army ever want Pro-
vifioos, till they had abandoned or deftroyed them ?
Are there not even now fome Scores of Tons of it
lying at Fort Cumberland and Conegochieg ? Did the
Governor ever mention the Opening of Roads to
us before the Eighteenth of March, though the Re-
quifition was made to him by the Quarter Mafter
General in January ? Did we not in a few Days af-
ter fend him up a Bill to provide for the Expence,
which he refufed? Did not the Governor, proceed
neverthelefs to appoint Commifiioners, and engage
Labourers for opening the Road, whom we after*
wards, agreed to pay out of the Money we happened
to have in our Power ? Did the Work ever flop a
Moment . through any Default of ours ? Was the
Road jevrr intended for the March of the Troops to
tbe Obi* ? Was it not merely to open a Communi-
cation with this Province, for the more convenient^
fupplykig them with Provifions when they fhould be
arrived there? Did they wait in the lead for this
Jibadfir Had they not as many men as they wanted,
md ifcany from this Province ? Were they hot more
numerous than the Enemy they wetot to oppofe, even
ufte r the General had left near Half his Army fifty
J TN^Ies behind him ? Were not all the Carriages

€%

46* r An Hiprkal R E V I E W, hxl

% they demanded,; being one hundred and fifty, en-
c gag^* et^uipt, and fent forward in a few Days after
^the Demand, and all at Wills' i Creek frafty Days
4 before the Army Was ready to march? Wfihwhat
•Face, then, of Probability can the Governor J ufuler-
* take to fay, "That had we in Time opened the
proper Roads, raifed Men, and , provided "Carri-
ages, and neceffary Provifions for the ^tbbps, we
might now have been in peaceable Poffeffibn of
Fort Duquefie ?"

c The Governor is pleafed to doubt our having
fuch Letters as we mentioned ; we are therefore, in
our own Vindication, under a Necelfity of quoting
to him fome Parts of them -, and will fliew him the
Originals whenever he fhall pleafe to require it.
The General's Secretary, in his Letter of the Tenth
of May to one of bur Members (who, in Purfuance
of a Refoive of the Houfe for the Service of the
Army, waited on the General at Frederic, and there
occasionally undertook the furnilhing of Waggons,
which he performed with the Affiftance of fome
other Members of the Committee, and for that, and
other Services to the Troops, received the Thanks
of the Houfe at his Return) fays, " You have
done us great Service in the Execution of the Bu-
finefs[you have kindly undertaken; atfd indeed
without it, / don't fee how the Service ceuld, have
been carried on , as the Expe&ations from Maryland
have come to nothing." * And again, in his Let-
ter of May the Fourteenth, *' The General orders
me to acquaint you that he is greatly obliged to
you, for the great Care and Readinefs With which
you have executed the Bufmefs you undertook for
him. At your Requeft he will with Pteaftjre dif-
charge the Servants that may have inliftfcd 4n the
Forces under his Command, or any oifiers for
«* whom you may defire a Difcharge ; and d&fittes that
M ydii would for that Purpoft fend him their Names."
**AW1 again, in hi$ Letter of Mdy the TWenqeth,
«* 1 have only Time to thank you once more, ih the

" K*me

CI

«

44

«t

C

CC

CC

CC

CC

u.

CC

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 2fc$

^anjie^of i:he General and every body concerned,
for fyfi Service you have done,, which has b^ert
■ £j^u£tea throughout with the greateft Prudence
" aij^.^oft, generous Spirit for the Public Service/*
c TherG^p/eraTs own Letter, dated the, Twenty- n^nthr
€ of A^ty, mentions and acknowledges the Provifions
" given, hy the Penfylvanian Affembly* [though the
4 Governor will allow us to have had " no Hand" iit
it] and fays, " Your Regard for his Majefty'$ Sen*
vice, and Afliftance to the prefent Expedition, de-
ferve my fincereft Thanks," &c. — c Colonel Bun-
4 bar writes, in hijs Letter of May the Thirteenth*
4 cencerning the Prefent of Refrelhments, and Car^

• riage Horfes feat up for the Subalterns, " I am de->
44 fired by all the Gentlemen, whom the Committee
". have been fo good as to think of in fo genteel a Man-
€ ner, to return them their hearty Thanks** 4 And
4 again, on the Twenty-firft of May y 4< Your kind
44 Prefent is now all arrived, and (ball be equally di-
44 vided to morrow between Sir Peter Halket*$ Sub-
44 alterns and mine, which I apprehend will be agree-
4< abip to the Committee** Intent. This I have made

known to the Officers of both Regiments,, who '
unanimoufly defire me to return their generous Be-
nefactors their moft hearty Thanks* to which be
pleafed to add mine, £sfr." 4 And Sir Peter Hal-
4 £i/,ui his of the Twenty-third of May, fays, " The
44 Officers of my Regiment are moft fenfible of the
44 Favours conferred on the Subalterns by your Jffem^
* c Uy*. iWho have made them fo well timed, and fo
44 .han^fome a Prefent. At their Requeft and Defire
44 . L ( ret^cn their Thanks, and to the Acknowledge-
ment*, of the Officers, beg Leave to add mine,
; wh$h you, I hope, will do mc the Favour for the
I wftple to offer to the Affembly y an,d to affure them
€4 ^h^ wp fh^ll on every Occalipn do them the Juftice
\^\\^^x fo feafonable and wpU judged an A& of
Oepe/ofity." 4 There are more of the famp Kind,
c /^tth$fe may fuffice to Ihew that we had " fyme

* j&pd iu what was done/* and that we did i\oty, as

* * * I'D- W

«c

€1

r

- t i

*y6 'Ah Biflorical REVIEW, tec.

* the Governor k fuppofes* deviate from the Truth*
4 when, in our juft and neceffary Vindication agajnft

* his, groundlefs, cruel, and repeated Charge, 4V that
4C we had refufed the proper, neceflary, and timely
cc Affiftance to an Army fent to proteft the Colonies, 5 *
4 we alledged, " that we had fupplied that Aftfty
44 plentifully with all they afked of us, and rdbre
4C than all, and had Letters from the late Gfeiteral,
44 and other principal Officers* acknowledging our
44 Care, and thanking us cordially for our Services.**

* If the General ever wrote differently of us to

* the King's Minifters, it fnuft have been while he
4 was under the firft Impreffions given him by the
4 Governor to our Difadvantage, and before he knew
4 us ; and we think with the Governor, that if he had

* lived, he was too honeft a Man not to hive retraffc-
4 ed thofe miftaken Accounts of us, and done us
1 ample Juftice/-

What is (till more unlucky fof the G&v6taor, his
Secretary writing to the faid Coifimiffionfers with all
the Authority he could depute to him, April 15,
1755, makes ufe of thefe very Words, * What Sir
4 John St. Clair fays is fofar true, that had the Army
4 been ready now, and retarded by Delays in Matters
4 undertaken by this Province, all the MifcWefs thence
4 arifing would have been juftly chargeable on this
4 Province: But I am much miftaken, if they can,
4 within a Month from this Date, get their Artillery

* fo far as your Road/

In the fame Letter he alio fays, € Surely the Flour
c will*be delivered in Time ; or great Blame maybe
1 laid with Truth at the Door of the Commiffioners."*
Not the Province ; and, indeed, the Flour was a&u-
ally delivered fo foon and fo faft, that the General
had not even provided Store- houfes and Shelters 1 ftiF-
ficient to fecure it againft the Weather, to whkh g&atf
Quantities of it lay expofed in Maryland after the De-*
livery of it there. r^

What Spirit this Gentleman (the Governor} was
poffeffed with, had been a Queftion. The Aflembly

HCQUld

w

Robert H. Morris, E/q. Dep. Governor; 2jt

ould not allow him' to have the Spirit of Govern*
ent: He himfelf maintained, that if he had had -
ough of the Spirit of Submiffion (Terms generally
,1 held irfecoBciieable) his Government would have been

=■ more agreeable to the Province. But now it can be

^ueftion no longer.

TheJaft Period of the Governor's Mefiage was the'
ry Quinteffence of Inve&ive. c In fine, Gentle-
1 men, laid he, I muft remind you, that in a former
c Meffage you faid you were a plain People that had
' no Joy in Difputation. But let your Minutes be
1 examined for Fifteen Years paft, not to go higher,
' and in them will be found more Artifice, more
Time and Money fpent in frivolous Controverfies,
more unparalleled Abufes of your Governors, and
more Undutifulnefs to the Crown, than in all the
reft of his Majefty's Colonies put together. And
while you continue in. fuch a Temper of Mind, I
have very little Hopes of Good, either for his Ma-

* jefty*s Service, or for the Defence and Protection of
c this unfortunate Country.'

And in the Reply of the Aflembly his own Artil-
lery was turned upon him as follows : * The Mi-
4 nutes ^are printed, and in many Hands, who

* may judge, on examining them, whether any Abu-
fes of Governors and Undutifulnefs to the Crown

- are tol^e found in them. Controverts indeed there
are too many ; but as our Aflemblies are yearly
changing, while our Proprietaries ', during that Term,
have remained the fame* and have probably given
their Governors ihtfame Infiruliions^ we muft leave
others^ guefs from what Root it is moft likely that
thoi? Cqptroverfies Should continually fpring. As
to jrivelaus Controverfies, we never had fo many
of them as fince our prefent Governor's Adminif- .%
tratiorn gnd aH railed by himfelf; and we may ven-
ture t0i;%> that during that one Year, fcarce yet
expired, there have been more *' unparalleled Abu-
ts** q£ v tfris People, and their Reprefentaives in Af-
^ia,^w .: ' - \ ■ • . 'fembi^

fc£2 An tl$mcal R E VIMWlHu*^

4 fembly, thaaiif all the Years put tbgether^fifice*tfie
iSettlemencof- the Province. ■;/■ y.r, ;..: ?tt$;h

c ,SVe are now to take our Leave *jf the -Gaarernor' j
** and indeed, fince he hopes no Good frote*ws;/ndr
■•. we from him, 'tis time we flhould be parted; .If bur

* ConftUuents difapprove our Conduft, a few^Bays
c will give them an Opportunity of changing ws by a

* new Eledion * and could the Governor be ks foon
4 and as eafily changed, Penfylvmia would, /me. ap-
4 prehend, defcrve much lefs the Chara&er he, gives
4 it, of an unfortunate Country*

That, however, they might drill continue to a£fc on
the fame Maxims, and continue to deferve the lime
Confidence, they proceeded to contribute all they could
to the Advancement of the Service ; not only with-
out the Concurrence of the Governor, but in fptte of
his Endeavours to render them odious by all the
Means of Prevention his Wit,, his Malice, . or his
Power could help him to. In what Manner, the fol-
lowing unanimous Refolutions will fpecify. :'

4 That when Application is made to this Jloyfejbjr
4 the Governor, for fomething to be done at *he<&e*
4 queft of another Government,, the Letfer$ andi Pa-
4 , pers that are to be the Foundation of our Proceed-
4 ings on fuch Application, ought' to be* ## ifeey
1 have been by all preceding Governors, lai$ ^before
4 the Houfe for their Confideration. , >

c That a Sight afforded to the Speaker, pr > few
4 of the Members, of Papers remaining, in, &$:£<>*

* vernor's Hands, cannot be fo fatisfa&Qjy to the

* reft 4 of the Houfe, nor even to the Speaker, and
4 fuch Members, as if thofe Papers wer£ Jaid J^pre
4 the Houfe, where they might receive feveral djfti£<5t
4 Readings^ and be fubjedt to repeated Infpe&iQpLJind
4 Difcufiion till they were thoroughly und^$Qod*

_ 4 ^hd all Danger of Miftakes and Mifcop^pfion*
4 through Defed of Attention, or of Memory* j%#ne
4 or a few Perfons, efFe&ually prevented. v /

c That great Inaccuracies and want of Exa£Ine/s
6 »have been frequently obferved by the Houfe inihe

i 4 Governor's

RdBEkT H f Morris, Ejq. Dep„ Governor* ay$

1 Governor's Manner of ftating Matters, iaid before
1 them in his Mcflages ; and therefore they cannot
think firch Mcflages, without the Papers therein
referred to, are a fufficient Foundation for the
Houfe fl> proceed upon, in an Affair of Moment,
or that it would be prudent or fafe fo to do, either
for thcmfelves or their Conftituents.
€ That though the Governor may poffibJy have ob-
tained Qrders not to lay the Secretary of State**
Letters, in fome Cafes, before the Houfe, they
humbly conceive and hope that Letters from the
neighbouring Governments, in fuch Cafes as the
prefent, cannot be included in thofe Orders.
* That when an immediate Afiiftance to neigh*
injuring Colonies is required of us ; to interrupt or
prevent our Deliberations, by refuting us a Sight of
the Rcqueft, is a Proceeding extremely improper

and unfeafonable.

€ But a Member of this Houfe producing a Letter
to himfelf from the Honourable Thomas Hutcbinfon*
-££}-• a Perfon of great Diftin&ion and Weight
4n the Government of Maffacbufets-Bay^ and a
Member of the Council of that Province, mention-
ing the Application to this Government for Provi*
fibns, and the Necefllty of an immediate Supply :
Aifti it appearing by the Refolution of the Coun*
cil of War, held at the Carrying Place, on the
T#erity-fourth paft (an Abftraft of which is com*

* Jrtunicated to the Speaker, by the Honourable Tho-
5' mis Pownal, Efq. Lieutenant Governor of the Jcr-

* ySyjJthat the Army will be in Want of Blankets and
^^tfctfcrCloathing* fuitable to the approaching Seafon %
*^feift'tifa Houfe being willing to afford what Affif-
^&fi£fe may be in their Power, under their pfefenC
*^(tffflifipy Circumftances of an exhaufted Treafury,
**%Biiatotal kefufal by the Governor of their Bill*
"UbFVaifing Money, Refohed,

\ c That' a voluntary Subfeription of any Sum or
HjSktt* rtdt exceeding Ten tfboufand founds^ which
*3Httil1& pSidby any Perfons into-the H»ftd« ehlfaat

h 74. An Hifiorical R EVI E 0f, &c;

\ Philadelphia, \ Gentlem^n^ 1 wifcbi» >*>i?& Wese^afteT
^:lbisJDa«e, tbirirds the EUmiBiiftgbf ij^ftdvxfl^^ &&&
VBlaakett, arfQrhet warm Clpachiag^ tix*fa&-?%&fM
* jtofr ut ,or neafr Crawn^Pmn^ xwPlhi iJtalAidign $>f
*, NcwcTorky ntitt] be df Ser vicb /to the XDtowti, &Acl <tt&j
\ «ptable to the Public, .and 1 the <SUhfctifc^rtg 1 -jddgfel!
Ito bethaokfully reiitiburfed (with tintereft) r^ fifi
c MufG Aflemblies v .io whom iti^ accordy^j^^thii
,*r Houfe earncftiy xecommetided.* - ' r ^
.iAod this may be called |h6 fimflxin^M^afufre (^
this ev*ry way* public- fpiritedAflembly : The GO^
yernor did not chufe to be in the Way to receive their
Reply ; and fo the Seflion and the Contr6?erfy 4br ?
this Time, aided together, ^;

f Into the Hands of what Number of Readers* cfr
Readers of what Capacities, DifpofitiOflS* Or Prin-
ciples* this Treatife (hall fall, is out of Calculation the?
firftj and Dccifion the laft : But whatever th&Nuttv-
ber may be, or however they may h&pp&"W^be
principled, difpofed, or endowed, the M^oi&y will*
by this Time, probably, exclaim, Enoug^ ; OT^iis^bt
vernor ! or, Enough of this Author ! - '• u'3 ^ • ^

But which ever fhould happen to be ttk >(&#& flfer**
doa is afked for the Neceffity of proc^Bditlg^ ^fe^
Stages farther ; and Patience ought to be r ec^ilid, W
induce the Reader to hold out to the End <S& fo dilV
greeable a Journey. r >i< f ■ >3 3v. >, <

... Tho* .foiled, difgraced, and fileirced^hte J&tf-
Penn 9 this Undertaker to fubvert the Building Peki
had raifed, was far from quitting the Ufltsv -*> " iri ^

.On the contrary, he lay in wait withal m^bfoeffSe-
For a Verification of his own Predictions contffcfrtfeg*
the -Danger of theProntier, and the MtfetiefctoheQPh-
hafeitants were to fuftain whentheEnemy^(hoaJ*br^^'
ia upon them. - t !*,nmrn o*

-jWhenfuch {houlda&ually become theCafei^wh^
the Eugitlvestfhould on all Sides, be driven:*itter<ijy »
the;Enemy.oriheir.6wn ^ea^ or bo*, to^feids t&r

1 T Capital 5

i. J >6 , ■ * \ • • • •

^o^^be^t^H. Morris, £fq+ Dep^ Governor. $73

5¥bea«\fary Week ihould furaifli fomc new

Twgcdyj ;^d RiJinciur fQ. pradbfe upon Credulity,

t^^ WfCfiy/fiiigle, Fad, ihouid by the Help, of Echoes

aQd(^t-^boc5 be multiplied into Twenty : When the

P^n^iQ flbwJd become general, and the very Diftrac-

tiftp$^, the. Herd, and their Incipadky to operate"

Fofrc jC^eqfifetves^ (hould render diem obnoxious to any

Ii^poiition whatfoevcr 1 Then, he thought, and

not ait^gether unjuftly, their Paflioni might be of

Service to Him, tho' their Reafon - couM not : And the'

invent !wtH/ftiew, That, provided he might attain bis

£n4s, rht could be very indifferent aboutthe Means. *

Factions he had found Means to form, both in the

City and the feverai Counties ; and Tools and Imple^

ments of all Kinds, from the officious Magistrate down

to the- Ik&ftitute Writer, the whifpering Incendiary,

and avowed Defper^do, he was furrounded with. The 1

I?refrafr& had made an outrageous Ufe of; a Cry he

had ;^ifed', and in Miniature the whole Game of

KafAion ,was here played by him with as little Refer vc,'

thpK/ o0t with as much Succefs, as it is in greater

i^if$$fewhere.

The Current of Eleftions, however, ftill continued
to ftt agabift him : Thofe who had the mod Intereft
at §tai^e remained firm to the Intereft of their Coun-
try : A&dnow nothing remained but by the Dint of
Artifice acd CUmour, to compel thofe to be fubfer-
vient to his indiredt Purpofes, if poffible, whom he
cquW not ! deprive of their Country's Confidence and

This was the true State of Ptnfyhania^ when the
^3*3^nibty3>comp©fed chiefly of the old Members,
wk their Seats.

^ ©Brithcj: 1 4tlv of OBobcr the Houfc met of courfe,
KJ^ordiligi to their Constitution : But did not proceed
materia!, oratleaft, extraordinary Bufinefs.— -The
^MOrnpTfWas not as yet fureof his Crifis :And, there-
pt,Tfih0fe to feel thpir Pqlfc firft in manner follow*
tgi /oHia Secretary being in Converiation with the

r

*f6 - 'An Hiftorical & E VIEW, feci ^aoH
Speaker of th^Aflembly fthfe^hife-^
in that Office for many T<U#*ifrt*ft) to0fc&MM^*<*
communicate two Letters to him concerning; !/#*#*/*
Affairs i J An& the Speaker, asking* ; Wh#|h&;:>f ley
were licit to be kid before the Houfe, tb^S^brefe^
replied, ^forhad tto fuch Others. - The L&t^i^ of
courft returned ; arid the Speaker made t^H^iufei ac-
quainted with thislhcident j adding, ^Tltatttefl^uglij

* theftid Letters contained Matters of gr&l $dlp&w
€ tance to the* Welfare- of the Province: But as he
4 could not prefume to charge his-' Memory ^'nfek the
4 Particulars, fo as to lay them before the Houfefor

* the Foundation of their Condu<5t, he could ©aly
4 mention the Fa&, and recommend it to thcCo»li-

* deration of the Hbufe/ The Houfe herfeup^n de-
puted two Members to inform the Goverrtt)^ l * 3*hat

* having gone thro* theufual Bufinefs dorife atfthe Ifcft

* Sitting of an Afiembly, they' were ineUofcti io^d^
€ journ, unlefs he had aiiy Thing to lay before them,

* particularly in regard to Indian Affair^ lhat 4$&f^

* require their longer Stay.' And tht{to&&Mimb&&
were farther directed to acquaint him with 1 f&tf^Fifcie
of their Adjournment, in cafe the Gov£frfr6i^fli&&J$ ift
Reply fay, he had nothing to comrouflfc^i.^This
Concert upon one Side, produced Concert? otttfte dsher.
Thfe Governor replied as had been forcftterrv' ^-'Thatf

* if he had had any Buftnefs to lay befor* the Htfufe
4 he (hould have done it before that Titlaei* 'Asd 5
being then made acquainted with the propofdd Time
of Adjournment, which was till the firft of De^tnAtr^
he fold, It was very well. >' , : vi i ;

The Houfe, therefore, having firft refold tt*>'&*!^
tinue the Supplies granted by the former .Adftttibft^te
the Indians on their Frontier* adjourned $ecof&ft*gly,
having fet but four Days. ; w ^l;;'

Fifteen Days of this Adjournment wereadfofUfEfft^
to elapfe, as-; if all Danger and Apprehefnfion ? #^^ J
an End. But then the Governor,, being atmed'dt 1 ^

Robert H v Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 277

P$>i»t$, f fotntnoned them to meet him, with all the
Cirmto&wcz* <*f AJ^rra and Terror hia Imagination

V;>I*teJi»g^nce (probacy the fame Intelligence contaiijr
edf»*h£tw& LetMrs communicated by his Secretary
to the, Speaker) That a Party of French and Indians*
u>thie,Nfamter of 1*500 as he was informed, had pafled
^j4^bimQ*Hi\U % and having penetrated as far as
the iJ&tMteHyiMiUsi within about Eighty Miles of
Philadelphia ± were incftmped on the : PujquehawQ* ^yas
the Bufinefs he had to impart to them \ and from his
Mariner f of imparting it, he feemed 1 more delighted
than ftjocked with the Recital. c This Invafion, faid

* fee, was what we had the greateft Reafon to believa

* tyQjald be the Confequence of General Braddock'z
« Defeat* and the Retreat of the regular Troops/
£ Why? did they retreat then from the aftual Seat of
War ? Was the wild Country on the Ohio better worth
defending than Penjyhpnia ? Was any projefted Ao
qtfificion tof more Importance to the Public than the
£r efervfurion of fuch a ' Country ? Did not this very
Gqvsraer talk of the Plenty of the Province arid its
defeftcekrfs State, from Time to Time, almoft in the
Stjl§ of invitation as if he meant to befpeak the very
Even* fee was now expatiating upon ? And is not he
more tb be Upbraided iox fuffering thofe Troops to be
racaHefli if he did no more, without making the ftrong-
eft Remonftfances' againft it, than the Affembly who
befoijght their Protection : And if it (hould appear
frort> his wholeiCt>ndu£t, that he defired nothing more
ardently than that fucK an Event fhould happen; and
tbatliisprincipal Endeavour was, to improve it when
i^^id happen to Proprietary Purpofes, at the Expense
of ! the Fortunes, Liberties, and. Lives of the Inha-
bitants, with what Abhorrence muft we refleft on the
Pains fallen in this Speech, to aggravate the calami-
t^g&jStateof the Province, and to place it to the Ac-
count of thofe, who had in a moft fignal Manner de-
fcryed'the Thanks, not only of the Penjyhamans, but

* T 3 d&

378 ^^w/^^Wi^H^

sMfo of all theJEriqn^s and ty<WW of ^^^^/^tfnr,
tue diftributed ^'*MBnf^

' Had rpy.^nds been fy^c^

* be proce^c^iJhctuld hayo p^ xkfe EfiffiWfV

4 fuchaPoftujje of Defend 3s ,fi¥ght K^&/ftB&

VtheMifchk^ that have fmcefoppsne^. ? iAJ , ....

of Venom apparently prepared and adminifterea^

ppifop the Proviqptj ;— -If thp GjVtfffpr- ( ^i^/{if»beeh

their .Saviour, ^nd was not, for : Want pf^r^ifr^ffffr^

the Afambty ^cjqqfed as having ^ith^li tjheq},^e t XQ

bp[ confictarei as .public Enmity To bs x^m^^ys^

^oul^ not jbut ; follow. — iTheVPopuhqe are^yierJQ

tfipe far Mifchief. &s 'in Xiniesi of qutft D^apgp.-^A

provincial Pi&ator he ^vapted to be copftif:«|j^— JHe

fhpught this would be the fureft Way of carrying his

.Point : And if the , Penfylvaniam had takeo Xa/r^ftic

a Turn, they would, not have been the firftv^p like

the Flock in the Fabie, had, in a Fit of I)efpjMf ^a^ea

a Wolf for their Shepherd. , , p r< , , v , ;

But to return. * That the Delaware wd^flfyfyft
Indians had been gained over by t\^,Frsncb^ r 'ypf^tbe
enfnanng Pretence of rejtoring them t;p tfyejp t GppntryS
conftitutedhisnext Inflammatory, And then ityfarigr to
magnify his own Merits, he farther fuggeftty^ .£That
he had fent the .fame Intelligence, both ^o^^^C^g^
Minifters, together with a Keprefentatjon pf ^th^'fle-
fencelefs State of the Province* and to true ;i$igh^^E-
ing Governments, that the latter might ^i^t.ipce
prepared to defend themf<?lves and f^cjeour $PP*> :
That the Back Inhabitants, having uppntl^s Qc^fjoa,
behaved themfelves with uncommon Spirit ^(j, Ac-
tivity, he had given Commiflions to fuch ^s j v^ff fill-
ing to take them •, and Encouragement to ajl^oi^efld
themfelves, till the Government was enabled tQ\fMte£i
them: But that they, had complained ij)U$h p^^x'ant
of Orjerznd Di/apline, as well as of Ar/i$ ai$y^m-
munition; and he was without, Power, ^9qfig$ or
Means to form them into fuch regular Bodie^jfl^ the
Exigency required, 8cc. That the Dpf\Q^ r ^j the
Enemy could only be conje&ured from their Motions

Rober¥*H/M^^r)s^J?^. Dep. Governor; 270

titimmri ,'^ntf tlst from thbfe^ and the knotf rf>

'ircumftancei (ff the 'Province, it Sfeas reafonable to)

tteapt^^ had ! fdmething mote 'nv View, th'an

^tiMfig Off 1 aha deftroying ftme of the frontier

* m^ n And Tor a Coriclufion he fummed up.

rfs tfte Ttoprieiaries Will and Pleafure as ' &1-

" a « d fl»'t*lni4fty and the PropnetarieV'havulg cotrii
•'ttffitedWPtt^ y 6f this Province 'to my Charge
*- J anft£afeV I have done, and ffill fhalf very readily
•'^o/^v^ry Thing m my Power to fulfil that import
*' s tanPtroft ; and to ' tharEnd, I think it my Duty
* ~tt ca1I r iJpon you to grant fuch Supplies of Money
*'as hisr1waiefty*s Service, at this' important and dah^
^/gCTtids Crifis, may require, and to prepare a Bjll
^ TOV ytalSHfliihg a regular Militia, exempting ■' fudi
'«' as at^corticientioufly fcrupulous of bearing Tftjms,
* c iVSei% ibipbffible, without fuch a Law, thdygh
c large Sums of Money fhould be raifed^ to prevent
*[ ;Cotjfi5ifibH irid Dlforder, or ciondutf: Matters with
v iiljr ,J 0egree of Regufarity.

'^lAkVhefinemy afe now laying waffe the Country*

y k0 '^lightering the Inhabitants, there is no Time

f l t6.be 18ft; I therefore think it neceflary upon this

^SOdtaB&ti^to inform you, that I am ready and willing

cl t8 £oA?ent to a Law for emitting any Sum inPaper-

'MOT^the^refent Service may require, if Funds

r iVe J %ffSblifhed for finking the fame in five Years:

^ r Bfit F Cannot think it confident* either with the

- *tytjmrs-*&f : rtiy Commifiion, or the Duty I owe the

''■nCrtWfcj'-tb.pafs any Bills of the fame or alike Tenbr

* tl 2RltbKc. r I'have heretofore refufed. And I hope ydu

;'*^ftl Q Adt i wafte your Time in offering me any fuch

^BlllSi as you muftknow from what has pafledbe-

^Zweeti toe and the late Aflembly, arid the Informa-

(i '%6ii ] % p6w give you,' it is not in my Pbwef to con-

** f&rifct6; and I earneftly recomnrrend it to you.' to

5I * 5 afford 5 in Time that Afliftance tfhicH your bleeding

^ Canity ftahds fo much in Need of;' l - ;

C

'*

v I 1*.

/

»8t* Jn Eifieriul R E VI-SM, iB&xsaoSt

,. So that in q^4hcjr would not yw$ tim$^v$p&i

in tjh> Manner prescribed, and prqtqft ^^j^Wta

;ate J ratis, their Country migJH; bjif4c «o<$*#t if.

jt'woujd v far. they were not tobe,pa*njttJe#to |t$|fce?

VS& pjf their- ««?», Money their ^ ,W%jf, ,fPo&s*

U> , • ' ■ • . . 1-* \' i v ■ "if. "< ^>\ • Y < > ~ ■" • •

One A& of Parliament * there i** raad one ., qgly *
which aot pply admits, that Goysroors fod (D$p utyn
Governors mzypafrqfe their Power ^d(^>pr4fs fch$ Sub-
ject, byt alia affe<5ls to provide for the Pwiijjhf$ettt
of fufch Qpprejfors. But then the Word Qppt$ion is
left fq vague and indefinite, that no Subject ever did,
Of c^r* derive any Benefit from it.^Qf all the fpverat
.Species of Oppreffion, That, now pra&ifedj by, this
Man upon a whole Province*, was furely the rnoft

rievous: And as it required ,na common Sb^re of

irmnefs to withstand it, fo i,t required an equa^D^
gree of Prudence to temper that Firmnefs, iflrfyct^a.
Manner 2$ might obviate all the Mif-cpnftru&iofi& ao4
Jylifreprefenutions the PFithJiavdcrs hid gopdR^fcri
to be fu re would be put upon it. ; 1 ;-

Petitipns from various Quarters, and njany of ^hem
of fuch an pppofue Tendency th?t ^hey w$rfciffree#8--
cileable with each other, poured in upon the«v^§ome
of the Petitioners declaring themfclveaf k%$fa<ftt$bfe
of the Zeal and Diligence the Affembly bad ihew^rfor
the. Inter eft and Welfare of their Cenftituw}s> Uv .con-
tending for what ought in Juftice to be gtant&<^rQ~
thers pretending to pray ', that the floufc wopld'^ot
keep up; unnecejfary Dijputes with the Govefnpf , ; flpr
by Reafon of their religious Scruples longer ,>aeg]teQ:
tjhie Defence of the Province. — >Botb requi^i^g to have
Arms put intp t^ieir Hands.— And others , expfeffiipg
f;h$ir fervent Dtfvres that Meafures might be* pur 6#d
^pnfiftent with their peaceable Principles, and that they
jyould cpntiftwe hjJfnbl^to confide in the Protection
of that . Almighty, rower, which h^d hitherto bem as

iVVaJlls and Bulwarks, round abqut .c^cqu -

«*»

' - • - v - i ' ", .

- •' ' , ' : ■ • ' ' ! ' • •»

* U and 12 oF Will. 3d, Caf. in

Rober3>JH. McA^jH Effk Dep. GArcrhor. 2%it

^^^i^ftfeiftM^t^eJved aH wJth'€b%dfure; ^rid
rti^U*b\tv<i alette Sarisfadion they 'could t6%\i*
^t^^9(Mti ihforced' by the GoVfernoV they 'it- 1
tfc&ea firft? : ttti tb "take off the Pahid^hidi ^
^^H^dOii tlttf froitince, undertook toie&ify the JhteK
ligencehe had given, which could* not but contrfyqfe'
gSlfly^^Afe Iirtreafe of it.^-In their Refcly to that
IW^tiisSpeWh'for Iriftance they told him, " They
c6ktd tftfc find by the Letters and Papers hi had been
fte$&&*to lay before ttem, That any fuch Ni^nlber
of x Fren€b and Indians were encamped on any Part of
the River Sufquehama^—^Nh^ they admitted was,
c * Th*t the Back-fettlers were greatly alarmed and ter-
rified v that Cruelties had been committed on the In-<
habitants by the Delaware and Shawanefe Indians,
principally within the Lands piirchafed by the Propri-
etbHi$ v i& Albany but the Year before: That, per-
haps there might be a few pf the French Mohawks
among tHerfr; but this was not very clear \ and that
€&& *oom to be followed, as feveral of the Accounts
faid 9 by a large Number of Indians and French from.
1 F&te Bu4<$tiifiie 9 with a Defign of dividing themfclves
iftf© Parties*, in order to fall on the Back Settlements,
4&optnffi&aHia> and Virginia: And that the Indians*
fti^indmed WT preferve Cheir Alliance with the Pro-
vihde^ feeifted on the other Hand, as much terrified, -
feft ptovoked with thefe Hoftilities, the Englijh gene-
f'aMy fliduki revenge upon them the Barbarities fo
committed by the Invaders : That therefore great Care
ittld JtidgmeiK was, in their Opinion requifite, in con- <
4&$frtig their Indian Affairs at that critical Conjunct
to&i : That as the Six Nations were in Alliance with
#Ktf ©#Wn of Great Britain, and Numbers of them
'ihttlttfting with great Fidelity and Bteveiy under Gt-
t&tehjihtf&i, it Teemed abfolutely necefiary on their
Ptfrrt6 r itiake it' their Requeft tb the Governor to be
feifctffihedy Whether he kfiew of any Difguft or Iiif
jury the Del&wares or Sbcrfaartefe had eve* received'
from Penjylvania, and by wh« Me^ns thpir Affec-

) *>».

*«* jt* Wftofieal REV IE W< tcW* a ° #

Amis could be fc alienated, as, not only to^afc^

the Hattbtt againft the faid Proving ifr* BrfeScfo

their Dependence on the Six N4iia$$j*by'vth&rdfaty

had been To long fin cefubdued* butalfbo^thefrtettiJif

Interviews and Treaties, which th<^y <Jthfc iPik$tim

mans) had fo repeatedly and vety A#dy hdkMxfthJ $ftfi?

tkemand the Six united Nations, both'fetfb^TaflcT

after the Defection of P*rt of ihd ' MdibMfii^r

whom they had particularly irwerpofeld tltei^^&Of^

ficcs, in procuring the Liberty arid fending ftfftrie a

Number of their People, as it wag appretiendc^lriucft

to their Satisfa&ion ? 4 As alfo, Whether ho had $tif

Knowledge of the Inclination of the faid &V NkMHts,

or what Part they had taken in relation to thistPuel

IncwrGon, of the Delawares aAd Sbamanefe ? They

farther defired him to Jay before them the M Matt

Treaty held at Philadelphia in the September precede

ingi and declared themfelves difpofed and refohred ta

do every Thing in their Power, if it 4houtd appeal

they had fuftained any Injury at their Hand, ^ffegaki

their Affe&icms, rather than by any Negleft or Kefu-

fal of that Juftice which was due both to thetn &M

all their Indian Allies entail upon themfeives " and

their Pofterity the Calamities of a cruel Ifttkut

War, of which they apprehended there would drtfiB^

wife be but too much Danger." c " li ; yv -i r -

And the Governor, the fame Afternoon^Tendteji

down another MeflTage, importing, 4< That Hie Ci Enfc^

my had fallen upon the Settlements at a Pfe^calfed

the Qreat Cove* and flaughtered or made Prifoherfe ft&fc

of the Inhabitants as could not make ttfeii" Efolj^

That thofe. adjoining were quitting their HabikfloKk

and retreating inwards : And that he muft th£rc?f6te

' moft earneftly prefs them to ftrengthen his Handi^itiB.

enable' him fpeedily to draw forth ihto' Fbrek'i&hhc

Province, as any Delay might be attended '^KH ffife

unoft -fatal Confluences J* They took the c fatfte*?^

immediate Cohfideration, and granted Sixty ^Fbbiifii^i

founds to the Kirk's Ufe, to be ftruck in Binfr^f

•" < •■ Credit,

Robert JH.J^ORitis, &fq. Dep. <5overnor. 2%

1^4&;£i$&flfc kf\ a, Tax of Six Feme per 'Pound and*
^ffldSWffin^^rnHe^d, yearly, for four Years,\ had;
^fft|lfrfth^/fiftat;e&, x€i\ and, perfonai,, and Taxabtefc
^I^Ri^bfliP^Q^irKieii and on the ifbmth Day aftter4
wgi^^qt K4Jp u*rthe Governor for hi& AiTent, whov
ijlflft i^i^rr^tajfely and cruelly took Advantage of the
TCflffo^t ;^hi$hr>hacl feized upon the Province, andb
M^jicfobe hunfelf had helped to accumulate, to re*
jafeiftr^mraecSately y wging, thab it was of the farm
J&rd+W&h ent ohe t had formerly refqftd, his dflenttmj
Andrth^t it waa.not ccmfiftent either with his JDtaty otf
h\$ Safety, to eatceed^ in Matters of Government, the
Powers: of his > Cmmijjion, much lefs to do. what hii
Comraiflion ,exp?c$/Iy prohibited."' So that his owm -
Safety with regard to Jais Bend and his Commiffion were
puts into the Scale againft the Safety of the Brown* i
and, his Duty to the Proprietaries againft his Duty to
tile i£% and the Bu$ic- 9 which (hews, in one Word*
that ^he whole Biafs of fuch Government is excentrU
cai ahd unnatural.

ffi& firft Duty was to concur with the Affetnbly in
whatever was neteffary for the good and happy Go-
ye*nra$Qt ot the Province: The NeceJEty of the
Grant inqueftion even for the Prefervatton of the Pro*
vkftp, i had , been the; Burden of every one of hte
Speeches and Meffages. So preffing was the Extre-*
tpifyi (o imminent the Danger, fo terrifying the Con-
jMiqn» f *hat the kafi Delay on the Side of the Aflem^
fe4y!x!^;Nen reprefented as produ&ive of the moft
£^a4 jCpippfeq^ences : And yet the fmalleft Proprietary
Gj^dqratioa could induce the Governor to a6t as if
^dj^.np; Relieve one Word he had- faid, or had the
^afe-rG 01 ^™ about any other Gonfideracion whatfc*

RM^W. •;•• • ■' n «'-

s r j i^b^ther the Proprietaries ought to be taxeefdr! not
'£fa W&tild no longer difpute. <c It was fuffjeient for
<&,«?, be ; faid, that they had given hito no PdweJR>ia
\|^^(^a(e : He reproached them: with having fat fix
4?a#?,Hand inftead of ftrengthening bis Hands in *bit
Inttvvah with having fent him a Mefiage, for re-

4S4 r An HifkrkclREVI EW,.&z; ;n

gaining the Affe&ions of the Indians riaea: employed
iik laying wafte the Country, and butchering; jihei Jm
habitants." But then he cbofe to forget encirdy theii"
Application to him at their firft Shtiiagp for foe Mnr
telligence as they might then have proceeded taft^r
finefs upon^ and' his exprefs Declaration^ whenrtb&F
propofed an Adjournment to him, 4C That heihad^oo
Iteiinefs to impart to them"*— He* aev&ttoeleft*
added* " That T upon the repeated Accounts be, bad
received of the* miferable Situation of the Lfi^^Coun^
fies T his Council had unammoufly advifed him to :zeA
pair thither himfelf, to put Things in the beft
Of def poflible ; and that he had hitherto declined' tt,
that he might firfl know, what they had to propoie
on this Occafion : But that having now : received a ,
BUI from them which they will knew he could not give
bis Gonfemto, he defpaired of their doing any Things
fo lbould immediately fit off for the hack Cmntics \
That if the People there had not all the iAffiftaace-
their prefent Diftrefles made neceffaryy k would r«MS
be for Want of Inclination in him, but of Power c
that he lbould take a Quorum o£ the Gouncihwifcb
bim ; and that, in Cafe they fhould bave> any* KHflr
to propofe that were confident with the Duties ofijhts
Station, and thtjuft Rights of Government > be flrawkJ
readily give his Confent to them whenfevci tbejjr were
brought to him." % .■ :; ly . r

This Menace of immediately fitting off. for the Back*
Connties, was aifo another Piece of PraiStoe iw* the
Fears of the Aflembly : But whatever Effe<£ it had
wkhout Doors, it does not appear to have?hadjm**chf
within: On the Contrary, the Aflembly deputed trv*o
of their Members, to know his determinate Refac-
tion, « Whether he would or would not pa/silte
Bill f " A«d in the latter Cafe, " to dfcfn-ehimttfre-
turn it *o the Houfe." This Meffage was vetbal *
And he evaded a prefent Reply by faying, That If
ihe Houfe would fend him a Meffage in K?riibg\ri\.
that Heady he would return them an Arrfwen Add-
fa§> - A That4ie Iho&td m return the faid BiJh" ; -

D3'<

Robe rt H. Morr is, Efy. Dep* Governor. 285

A: written Meflage was hereupon taken into Coo-
fidbmioijj butbefotc it could be perfe&ed, another
fmifo the- Governor was brought down by the Secre-
tary^ importing, ^ That the Indians Hying upon the
whdnna, ampunting in all to about 300 fighting
j^had applied to him, to put the Hatchet into
cteeJr Hands in Conjunction with the Provincial per*
istQ-afad to be furnilhed with. Arms, Amrmunitiooi
ftovjfions, andftrong Houfcs, for the Prote6tit#t of
theft £ld Men, Wojnen; and Children: That they
haddefnred an expKcit Anfwer without farther Delay,
that they might either prepare to a& with the Pro-
vinfcc, sx provide for their own Security : That they
kad allured him this would be the laft Application
they fhould make : And that in Cafe it did not fac-
eted, they (hould leave them as an infatuated People
ta the Mercy of their Enemies : That he could not but
look upon this as one of the moft important Matters
that evef came under their Confideration ; as it could
not ttefeppofed thefe Indians would expofe themfelves
to the r Fdry of an Enemy fo fuperior to themfelves*
tifftlefs !they< were vjgoroufly fupported ; .and as a Re-
feifaEJ would unavoidably throw them into the Arms
afrithe French : That how fatal this mull prove to the
Mvabfeants of Ptnfylvama and all the EngUJhCoio-
m&i they could not be ignorant : That he was ready
and defirous to do any Thing confident with his Duty
to the Crown for the Prote&ion and Affiftance, as well
of *hofe their Allies, 3s of the faid Inhabitants ; and
that upon this important Affair, and at the prefling
faftances of thefe Indians, he had put off his Journey
t&Jt\k Back- Settlements, altho" he conceived his Pre-
faced imong them at that Time to be extremely ne-

Thus the Defeat of one Expedient made tfay for
this 'Trial of another ; and what the Governors Set
a^could w>t effect, was to be re-attempted by this
Put off.

•The Aflfembly, however, were equally proof a~
gainft both; And having adjufted * fegarate Au(W«

*8$ AnmoriM R E V t E^ tec: "7°*

tofieack feat Atem up the nfcat D*y f*$ft \*fe'$R
thff&me Meflepgers* ;^:i :■ o l^jftrffWrt

ihithe firft theytfignified, « Thdt they li^^ottF^
getbqr wkh.the fiacereft Difpofitibn tp' Wblty* f f P&^
fible f : all Difputes whatsoever with the Gd^$W^
That they were deeply affefted with the ^£^6^^ l of '
the Frontier Country, and dctiritiitied - i6 tffi> 5ev^,;
Thing that could be expe&ed of them for 'f$ ppbird A
Safctv .: That thev had immediately Vdted a iifee^utti

1: That they had immediately Vdted a^kf^^iinli.
le King's Service, and provided 4 Fund $tiPf}(&-

Safcty
for the

iogthe whole within five Years as recommended by
tbciGovernor : That, as the Colony had been found-*
eji-oii Maxims of Peaie, as they had fo fon£ rttain-
taincdan uninterrupted Friendfhip with the Natives,
and as the French had already gained the Deld%vares
and * Sbawanefe to their Intereft, they thought it was ;
but natural for them to enquire what Caufe of Com-
plaint had been administered to them, and to exprefs
their Readinefs to do them Juftice, before Hoftilities
were returned, and the Breach was grown wider : 'That
for their better Information, and without intending
the leaft Offence to the Governor, they had applied,
for the laft Treaty : That their Meflage to this £ffe£t
was fent upon the fecond Day after their entering tipqil,
Bufinefs •, and that the Governor had not till ^theh
vouchfafed them an Anfwer." Coming then tbth6
Bill, " They fuggefted an Apprehenfion, thit, the'
Governor's immediate Refufal of it, becaufe itw#s of
the fame Kind with one he had before > refufed^Atofh ''
from his not having allowed hi'mfelf Time to qitifiife^
of it." Adding, « That indeed all Bills fbr^rMh^
Money were fo far of thtfame Kind] but this difl^red-
greatly, from every former Bill which had l(g§n^V
fered him: That all the Amendments (of anyiCpn* >

-.*. See a Pamphlet written in Paifylvan/'a, and lately jniBfilfigd!
here, intituled, * An Enquiry into the Caufes of the AR&ifr5bft r tff
• the £fclawa>e and Sbawant/e Indians from the Brtiift *&«¥#* \
&c. wherein will be foand .what .Reafon ih* Aifcrably hatf'to ffif- r *
pe& thofe Indians might have been- i^urfoufly treated by ^he Pj^d-
prietaries and their Agents.

Rokrt EL N^orjus,, Effi Dep, Governor.' fc$^

fgra^ep) wh>ch hf .Jia4 propofeci tQ tfae laft Bill. ho?
had refufed, fa ve that for totally exempting the Pro^ -
pn.^ty ^ft^, ^ad.been eutoittGcL itr this: That
^6& ^ ^W^ s as ^ e Governor, to avoid any difprite ■
o^ih^^lead, they had evefl fy framed the Bill, as 1
t^ju^^iit entirely \p hVMajefty'sjRoyai DetermU
n $Wfk Whether that Eft ate bad or had not & RigBt w
ft^JE^e^ptioa: That fo much Time was allowed'
b^tfki 6ill f that ,tl# Kwg's Picture might, poffibly
be^no^n ty^n\ before the firft AfiHTment: That ic -
vq$ fytfflsp providec^ f that if at any Time during tte
Continuance; of the Aft, the Crown/ fhould ;dectorel >
th$ ^(j Ej^tate exempt as aforefaid, m fuch Cafech6 Tax*
tho* aflefied, fhould not be levied, or if levied (how Id
be refunded^ and replaced by an additional Tax on
thq Province: That they could not conceive any
Thing more fair and reafonable than this, or that the
Gpyefnpr would or could ftartaoy Obje&ion to it:
finqe the * Words in his Commiffion, which he was
p]e^d to fuppofe contained an exprefs Prohibition to
his gaffing fuch a Bill, did not appear to them to have
anVji^iph Meaning: That if it was one of the juft
j£fy of Government,' that the Proprietary Eftale
j)'^' nptL.be taxed for the common Defence of alt
tafys jn the Province, thofe juft Rights were well
up^rftpod in England, the Proprietaries were on the
S^Q| tp plead their own Caufe, or, if as remote a$
they ? £tjjie Affembly) were, might fafely confide in his
P^l^y's known Wifdom and Juftice: That the E*
qmtj^^f their being ta*ed, had appeared fo plain even
tojjffll { fc$t Friends there, that they had entered into

*£jVf<v\ded always, That nothing herein contained, (hall extend,

* ortfiShftraed to extend, to give you any Power or Authority, to

* «kjj(jpdrfbtfm, a^r, - ftiffer, acquiefce in, orconfentor agree unto,

* any A&, Matter or Thing whatfoever, by Means or Reafori

* ^pre^wf, or either of us, or the Heir* of U9, or of either of us,
' W^dmrM 1 ** prejudiced., impeached/ qr incumbered, in our or

4* m^iREjfmm ^a

a^okltoary Stibfcriptidn to &yr&^*m#*4fJd^*
fof ? the** - in foil AOiirapgi,.- *h#i : i^f h^ m fcfd
t«en : ptifim :tfc* y - would ; h^WJ^W )$hij$|#o
tUttpiid vjwi and <*wuld repay. wk#j |ta4!#%(ci#^«
yan^d for tbo»: That i£ (be fyfflW^teittf#y*
otitis Zealot* the Scrvke ajjow ^mivlWf jl^^
p*&d, would gUre them a happ^^a^^Rff j^f^p-*
nifeftingk, by becoming Sotieito^a ^ ^1?^ ^^gfel^r*
his Approbation, aod refufiag to pttki^ foi^s^f^E^:-
emption: And that fince thjefRfgbt of Excwpi^n
cojtfroded for on their Behalf, couldj ndyet be &&tod>
b^wcen the Governor and A^pr»W)i,^ti«^ tf^-*
forced the Caofc tbither wharc oaty it <soul*L i ^Mfc-*

^Fkie JUfidue of tins Piece com^rw fo full >t fo nifrle,'
and fo- aflbftijfig' a Re-capkwlatiOB of the wbeietO^-^
putcy ancHetstte id&fhC^

and their Dq*/7 in fo dleer a Light, ifoktthmtt&jirfi*
betaken to infest it verfatim* >■ *t*>l we ic^d *

* Gtir AfiembHes few* 6f kce had fo ro*nj^4tap|lty *
4 BiHsyaad'of Ibcfr different Kind$,>rejt^ed«n vttiotis*
4 -Pretences* fom^for not complying wMH je&fcfctfe^ -»
4 safioml tttftruftiofls (tW <«*er i^s exa^Hy pfc{he*
4 fame Tenor had been p&ft*,^* thofe Inftfu&uons,-
4 and received the Royal Aflenc;) foitae for teipg^^it-*
* confiftent with the fuppofad 5^rr</ tf &ni48vifdftitit- 4
4 Uamnt r when the ^ ///*// did- **ot **y Wdgdiffeft
4 us*; being made exprefly for otbfr G^loiriril; ifcmje *
4 for being, as the Goverw wasMplea^rtjOi 4*y,«
•Vof ail extraordinary Nacuf^, ?> ^iehod^a flb f g^g '
4 us, -• wbereintkzt extraordinary Nature td^ifttjftu^ttd 4
4 others for difagrceingwkh ^wdifcoveirdMc^rtio^,*
4 and forted€(mfttuflions of a Claufe ift the JQiwfw-
4 tary Commiffion ; that we are now reaUy aQ a^
4 divine what Bill can poflibly pafe, i The Prcpittmty*
4 InftruHions are *Setrit$*to us $ i and we mfyvlj^oBd^
4 much Time r and much of the p**blkj<Nton0^ijn*
4 ^preparing and framing Bills for Supply , whkliy/^tr
4 iall; mutt, -from thofe 7»y/^^'o«iy provf *«f&f4jpr,*
4 -4£ wcare thus to be drivenirom Bill to Bill* with-'

4 ouc

Ro*j>*T tf. Morris, 'Eft. Dep. Governor. 29$

* WtJx&'m* R^fon afforded us •, a«d c«itttf« no

* fliofrfy^foi' tte King's Service, arid Relief o* Se^
^^Wrf 4 *f *tir Country, fill wc fortunately Jiit nasi

* ^**ftwft th4 Governor is allotted *d pa?&, or till
* < «fc <tttt$lfct to Alike fuch as the Gov*** or Pttririe-

* ?ftr&ttteau* tb make, wc fee little Ufe of y#m-

* j&sfcftfei* P*rtifcator ; and think we might? as *r<?fl
4 fcafce :: rf «b< the G&mnvr or Preprkt&lts to m*her/dr

* i^lW 'Supply Laws they pleafc, and fave ourfdvts
4 ' *t£ ff»£biintry thd E*pence and TfcraiA. Ail fi|e-

* featfes tarhd aft Reafonirigs are vairi, where Pfoprie-
€ ttty 9nftrtiAion9, juft or unjoft, right or wrong,

* muft itfrioiabiy beobferved. We havednly tojfa*
€ <mt % if we can, what they *ri, and thtnfkimt and
4 -«Mfs- But funriy the Prtprktaries Cottduft, whe-

* d&fe Fathers of their Country, or Subje&sto their

* King, aiuft appear extraordinary, when it is cott-
c flderaHbat they have net only formally refufed to
4 bear any Part of our yearly heavy Expences in cut*

* tiratihg and maintaining Friendfhip with the JS*»
"dtato, tho* they reap fach immenfe. Advantages % by
'that Friendfhip; but they now, by their Lieute-

* nan** r^4r// to contribute any Part towards refitting
4 m y &0a/hn of the JGtag'j C*/**?, comtfaitted to the?

* €brtT4 or to fittout their Claim of Exemption to the
4 • DfekrHkm of their Sovereign.

i ^^^SkH?, we have themoft fcnfible Concern for thfe
€ - pO0f dHtrefied Inhabitants of the Frontiers* We

* Nreetften every Step in our Power, eonfiftent with
% c tbrjtrft Rights of the Freemen of Penjylvanl** for their

4 'R*ttdf, and we have Reafon to believe, that in the

* ttfaftft <* their Diftieflfes they themfcfvts do not witfi
c net* go farther. Thofe Who* would give? up effentidl
tx JJfev* to purchafc a little temporary Safety, de-
* *tNM*t neStber Liberty nor 5^y,. — -£tach as were
« fWftned to defend themfetves, but una We to pur-
^*hrtft- Arms and Ammenition, have, as we are in*-
< f^ipmed, Been fuppiied with both/ as far as Anns

..* cooWbe procured, out pf Monies given by the laft

V * • Aflfcm*

-r*.

*,<#> ' ■'.&:$Jtm* t , R WvhSfifti fefe&oH

« "8! :to i accent ^ , Metherjiej qM^^rfy&Sfife
.'* if his Hands had been properly urengthened, have
«* put the Province into fiwph^ij^o^yije^ De^inrc, as

V : tp>!S uncertain y finceJat^|^r^^n^s tS eigh*

>f

. p amil.ie$ at two or,iJjrjee Milqsj fyilance^fp^^fo-
Vfure jchijm from the in^dupus^ttackSj of. frrj£$.)£ar»
V,t|es,oJ( JkuMvg\ Murfcrtrs: — 4-feuc ^us^u^is*
'..-certain, -that 7 by refq/iqg p^.,^}^. frogfr Tfn^to
.* T»pe* ; ty whicftgreat Sprps wete ^ fea&a^p^ oj$pr-
«,$d, hej}as,r^^all the ; £/r«j£/f&.fhat, $$$ey>5#u Id
>, afford him ; and'jf hjs. Hands 'atje ftijl ^^ C PT:*^I^
>.he'.ppght/9ply,to..Wafli9, J hifl)fe^r» or thqif| y/fa hjve

; . « If . the. Qpvernor proceeds pr> s hi8 Joufnejfr and
■* takes a Quorum pf hi? Council with hm ff Wjfjjojsv
•* fince, he, rejrajns pur Bill,, tjiaf.it wi^DehfcapM% ( and •

* duiy conftdered by them i and that the ^me i^egajtd •
' for the public Welfare which in^uce^ljben^un^ni-

* moufly to advife his intended journey, will-induce
' them as Hnanirnpufly tp, advife h^Alfe^^ $foa-

* ' gree therefore to his keeping the : B$> gar^ejjr^^/

* q9eftjng he .would, re- confide^. it atren^fl^ gjisJo
« ,ftall \k ready at any Time tp mee| hfafa^gmpi
■* ;pole of eaafting iMnto^aXaisf. 1 . , %^ l(i/x | n j JrttV *iq

( The,rej$ npt jn any yotome. the ^aci^ ^ryargs
c^cepfed,.a Mag ? tp % MM btttep pffyMfc '

= £^ C £P. ##«W3#> %pw f hafc flMt\ld

■ . , * \

Robe*# H&ftftokftsV S/q. Dep.GoveW. <t$f
6^^a 3 Efcfl3ri J o^ynord Utnity have been laid.at Aai;

b3 £8tt» tt$$MK& ! Nfejftge of the; Au^rribly which.
t^Mt^'togethcr tftfh thisi it Was fo^folid and
ebtteHBWi^ViUiiot bear an Abridgment, , : u; ,

?- fMi^Afe, ■■•■'■ ■■• ■••••■ ■• "

''^Wc'tiiVt' Mntitii^ the Governor's MeflW of

* f EfctfeM% i - i r,datih^i& the 'Application and preffing
« -J^fleeyof theTMahs; dhd are glad to find, that
^•Br^^'length 1 #rieVaried on to declare hifhlelf,
^tfed^&tki dehroUs ft'doany Thing, confident wfth
«4hV j £W# tvXhe Crow?, for the Proce&ion'aipi,
^ -Affifet^e;, as Well 6F dor Allies, as of the liiha-'
" WtaiftS^or this Pfovlnqe in general.'* We never\
« i hiW; rr arftl ,/ we hope never fhall, defire him to do,
<°flrfr^ir^hicdnfifterit wjth that puty 1 .*" He; has.it-
• how intfri* Power to do what hemay think the E&-,
^gtticex requires, for the Service. pf t the' Crown, $«
^PWte^ftjn of our AJiies, afnd of the Inhabitants of
*>m PMvfriceJ As Captain-General,' he has,_by the
'Royal Charter, full Authority to raife Men-, .and.
'^ BHf no* iii his Hands* granting SiJty thou/and,
'^Hftw^f/ ,w}H enable hiny to pay the Expences. We :
tb §h^itie Money 1 chearfully, tho' the Tax to fink it
'^Wff'Db^-heavy Onty and w<i hope the Bill wft r<J-
•c^^Atfeatimmeftately,' ', ■ '^ : :

J Wft boWi 'a.Blli.waslent up, for fupglfjng the
VftpAP.^a 'Nottfaern- Indians; FrfeflaVabd' Allies
V^id^M% . tfith Goods, at fnpre eafy lUteji^
Jjipwfing^h^Agenrv or Agents, amoijig theni, ;^nd, ,
reventing Abuies in the jndian Trade,. td wfefcii tbte* .

^ Powet.'iSgt wJiateVer/t^ Waspteitf-
^^W" -Mi' Head~ arijMiis H&rt \jere ar &ii ,
gfe, t&P?«p with^<ith^Purt»r ho^juft in
ntiSRves, how agreeable to his Comrnifljon^and how.

*9* MifflMcd R^BW&fcfte**™ 51

fclutaryto tr& *rdvihceiW&^l%toli^dr3a»»
fy explain '''' r yi 1fi9f »ni3voij w rbidw 3uo

terry; &e : l>rd&edlhgs 6PW&fc3*ife><B*# W^"WA
quently referred to ; and the Rights of ihe Houie^
Commons as' frequently ut&p^ 1 Way *df ^S&fi&oa
for the Claims of the An^bfy^AnflmoflitfW-
frietary-P arty or Governor' s-Aten* (for wherever there
is Influence; there fuch Cr^ru^'WiB'al^^be'feuhdj
feeing deurtfus atfo in Aelr l>ff'^°aV^!keyfi^es
pf their ltead% had RetdfeHe^ WktfW ^6MtS
jA thefamou* Ketitijb PeilnWm 1 tfitfYefr 9#5?r& a

jfot 'be 'breMe'd c upon to ' «te^, °bV< a^«Aer

Means. ''' ;j '"' : ' ''-^ • '•" ■ ^'nqin ! bat '

';: Wiliiftgyfctiwever, to give ftelr 1 6# i t*^A»!<Sf>ah'
Original, $£f chbfcr to repeWtfW fl^^e^etfiSca-
tives, rathe! 1 rWn to petition^ aftd mm&tiikmen-
tijh Petition humbly implored, Yhe1fcta%e%ite^-
Jitive za& immediate Dtwand. ';'n<A

The Mayor of Philadelphia took the Lead in this

turbulent Tranfaflion, and found ; #3 Tjfedflfl&eri tes,.

to follow hirir;' under the" Nn'me # jfeiWWjfr/jl-

crpal fnbaMhnfs of that City. 1 ' f - 1B 3 '™" Y tofi 'b " '

-^Ito the A* " ' /-**.-..)„; -„„;™,<*

after the twb

Governor,— * At a Time tfheh a bW'aria W*a&>us
Enemy has advanced withm otyki' i«o RR#£»PWiis
Metro^^N^ Governor "lABr ^tf^ Writing
Murd#and Defolatton ateng With t Wtn J/Wwgorh-

poufly it began) — ,'^we fhouM think ourfelv&*gteft-

c ly wanting, &c. if <we did not thus publkklvjoin

* : out Natiies to theNuinbe!r^tM!e t wWa^ie5« ft *

^tr»| you id-baft i LfcTm bi^te?^^ W&flce

■ <f Sntt • il Pofture of BefcrtceV^^ ?«:on*nmo:>3i)

^, "#' ■3MB»arW , ^# is 'tKe g mmk tfce¥ 3 &er**tas

a, «Bfftai^ W V^flW WrfiW h&%te#n^&rr&Bh-'

natural

?^3

out which w Government could tsexfubjtfi w , ,

fiafiMlWjs lHf» .^ffMfbfftl Reprefej^ati^esof, the
* .£*??#*? i#/M»,F*ayipce. £ufc, *on\ jJttUPgipgj
So^eH#rfcr.»ow--?w}l-,i<«gM'c us, iG<:M,lei9fiavlf^|
^fd^^tCh^ri^.i^pthing Bgher, *han .that of

•^/feaafcfe Suitors* jjmjp'^./or.tbe Dqfencc^ourjLiye^
« and Properties, as a Matter, of Grace arid 'rayijjijjr
tE l*»yfi» r ^id? 4 You will permit us tq^ake > pofjtive
' £ jH^i^tpe^iat* DimmiaSi ife , as a,Ma^C of. petfe^:
k*4r»^*t»iaWe Right oa^ur owa J?ax.ts».both.b| >

, , . _ As alio; again afterwar&k ^ '\

« 2 :>jli$ea&$P Whote^ Gentlemen,
-k^l»d'ftoJSS^ ^jr Dppiand, lhat you wUi tn»nof-
« tfiacdy frame and offe* a Law for the JQefeocs of tljle
XcCP^HPfffc m iucl? a Manner ^s the prdent Exigency
sfeWWWJ -?$* 1^ii»c d^csnot permit maoy Haad3 to
sfic^ideM f^J^^^P^^tad^. But if Number* we
afri^^l^Rl $*£ *{$& we tow neither want a luffiqicet
gfci$r»k^^^^ and fecottd

.^id^tuW^ r^&*$y pbpua &di a i:ea&mbUii>e-

flior vldoifduq <?m i 'v ; - * . v ^ ; ■•- -

•ibi*9r%fe WS% jtj^wMPffert togetewith the

d4fWi^^ certain -<tf ^ the,Pfcj)ic,^(ea. ^»o*w,

(secommendtng ftamMi Mtqfets* .a^i ififihuating,

WnrtM ^ 3 ™fc

X

> / -. r • ' I

few Cpofid$f #b*v * vw\Mti&m&f^mki **t Htaofe

l^pjycd the> ^ysrfior/ wi$h !Meflage\ afarniMlflqs^

a*^ tb#i.&& <hciS^p]y;.rtTrP(»k B«Mtet)dptvKe^i
«<«te& to •' jg|tiftiT#P§- : it; w#s f «^^U^^aogWwfvfe^

jkf\d,wt)m& k^C m wk Matter i j jfotfn bthebitrfih taefe
<#m14 sg»v« iftei Gomnov ystyi newi -Ad^fltftt^idvari

*mbr}/.wjiif*: Tbttih* jh§chgjMef> tfcsi^krelfctu^

lh«, : aa co thci^tberi! 4 He!t^:Ttfcert> reeonfidering j$
according to the Requeft of the Houfe ; and whttf
l^.eprne tor^ny Brefpjlution upon it* j the Hnipfe *%ht
cj#e#Jij# final Anfwer«j but he did not know wfeto
thati^g^ibf A u /'-/.) "■ ■ -.n, ;-.• .^x -j.ij -vtoi

^.Aicia^'QPitbe^^v'.thajcis,)!^ fay* after ihfOTfog*
fee^n ^g^in quickened by anotbor MaflGigti ifeeHftane
ftofww thpXia^ter with a^apc^!€fS(A«fi€iid*wt$^Hani
»cwrit|en Meffage differed both mo$d*Ufc«&f&*d M&fr
^erfrpip, ; bvit altogether as illufory iasi^fenfOrtftrt^
For, having maintained, *s tefo«^ ^ftfitastftstfiof
authorized, by hi* Commiffion *<* tptfs-ft®br^fiilli
and^yet: agreed with the AflTetjlfeJy, ^htti/ftajh Dift
puts-i&uft,- **.-/£* J&wi, bt d^ierPHnfdxkfM&im^&ifi
ha changed bis Qbjeftiqn fnorp efee 7T^o^ rt^theh
wjiich be argued was unprecedented, ,jiSd,iirt f lEi
imprafticable .1 For, he/faid, * iTte IUhg t «i*idd!ftf9t
pwperly gwe jiis Affimt i&Jomt PmsM^a^ i&fo^tid
rsjeft elbfrsb, and/ to- :(faeni.yiig^^
disnt ; namely* for the Houfo to ^*d^)(i)i$>itaA
&mead*nent$ feq£ d^wa with >thc^7 Bill* by &foifch'£hft
Jkftprie?*ry /J^*^

prepare ^nd p^fe^norfier ,BiU^ \^hproby theifeki Bflate
^#8ritp, ^.jta^j&i tl^ iaaie Vmvm tiot* v*tfJEh ^tfrecjp
e$fcefc WmnMly $otJty A0e^^ chofeteifcyirtil
Bcopfe ^b^t by 6w«9i®onqr$> wciprod^Jy ^hfjfencbjr
feilrijfelf 4ndi£b$ Aff^bly.^nd alfenaOTcdini chfc BUl^
.together with a lufpending Clkufiv that tjiCji^Mfi*
■^U v* u (hould

Agpj^id&il*^^^^^^ <tf Pfotd&-?

t^n^TThit^tbir^ bOt 1 ah irtlpfidt fio^&i^mre i/P'h?^
Mfgeft^Go*^ Wo^uld dii^

p^v^Jrti^DWas wmpg, a'ftdhis -ov^ to^ft Jirtcer^ an*

(^ tf$tftd9*tod nSfcdurity^ 4hc - Ftofjte #Httfclfcte# ftd-

any Sfiape for taxing the faid Eftate j and a f*ft*&
dmfit^flFhtf^ £10 eh^ were equity *ftftfcre>i£nd
gju&ftyi alffSfctedi t^tflSthe^LSftreffci sfad^Miferti^iMf
ihth b!ee^g€k)tir»yvth*yicouW hfit^ rt^©bj^toW
to gti«iiMkh<^ of <4ffbrdift£* itiui^lii^$ucc0urfi«f&

;f{^^^itfeciBb6trlheowasi eftabftffifednfcv th#< ^Pr^}

vifbe, vcotttfetaing Suf(Jeftd)ng«C4at»Afi^i^ak«ad^lNS d .
fore the Reader, and confequently the Ihffctentf^fli?
C*fe^ft ftflfembly had: htm weak *eoofcgh to Swallow
chel&rft ri^ihi>ngX)Cit fer fheto:-^-^ot' tfey W&l
kfch«iwto&fo aariuffed feyhim, nor fo'ft&Ji field byMwb
AftfeS toth0W<Dt>on, -ias either to fo#go the ^'WfeS
4htfa^nd€teftandiftgs, or to 3ft with' their Eyw^pteff
tt4fetkey>4i4d>nb Eytsatatl. v ^ - '* r \i

f i I 'Ha^ing^ : therefor*, Efficiently canvafled the Mfct^
tti^ttef firfi' refoh^td, That they Would adhere fl£
thfitf^^wit^out admitting any of the; Qdv<efn$r*i,
p^^f^^Amtndrnents v and then, to make him fen^
fii^3Fhat,l?hey .atftf^tad fome Attttiery to plyv &*
iwiiy^te^tkey farther refelwd,^ 4 'lhatV in <:a& tlftf
Gi^eftdr ^oitidf>fe>fUbfo* refuflrig his Aflent to thd*
B$fc3wlski*o«nte >fo prfk ' and equitable in its *Nasftit*$
fl»cbi^^r6lKPte4)r Hece^aiV a^ tilac Tinie for the Wei^
fetedfoto ^/^Intelfeft in iTM^jp^fM^-itoiiki
ttc&vi tte&q^^ftth* Hoilfe ' to fcis MtfSgS ^htti

fcfe Mijaftf td cau^^th^ir p^fem Ob^rn^ ^6 bte>*ie
^fl^f]i>ivtttfee\fu^h^oherMjvldif^^ #8 ^mightqp^
rtttf thfe fetilH3onfequcftc^/lJkety t^ $f&e ifr4>ni^hi»

i>iuo/i> # ' U 4 ^\&

ftrtde to bTrf^rt 't^-Bch^F-of t^^^rtwi^iu^kti

?J ; :j Tht OWcrnor, bn the otter Hbkd, ftat<fowWMdfc
nttafy"*vith IrittHigeftce of dWytftei 1 ftftft&fetale.
tedby the Iniinns it a Pta afte^rffegftftoft* 1 *.
Stad in a Trrittcir Mcffage farriie^6bfe^fedort»f*<J{&lo.
J p1y mil, he hid rtturned, ' Tbf3f flo to&*f tatfdlte
Viffuecl In Virtue of k «1l tht 'next Jfrit&ryV tefat*
WtAch the greaieji Part of 1 the Prt>vinct michc tatski
*Waftfcand the Pebble ^ftrdy^^'dti^h ftwwgilitir

Habitations : Thence proceeded to <&ftl*tt& aoitf***-
■tfhtie Supply of Moriey -, and concluded <*itk%<&igiHift->
" CartoT), That, ftiould they enable>him -idriafe^feaey

6it the prefenr Occafion, a fitf* fownfed <*n /tte> ii&

<tf J Parliament for pun'rfhirig Vta# aTt&<Ifc/a«4fe,
'*0uM be abfolately needftry for tfce3<&Wiifter*fct
: of them, when toot joined with h» Mfcgeffy Vw&afor

"Troops. ■■■''■' n '^ii-jpietw ilia

1 , ' u - This was no fooner read than the HoUftf arifttft&i
*Wir Ahfaer to his former Me^g** 3* <wW«ri,

• "'They maihtained'the Proprtety^h*foiBittiiittlJ©H»c
-of'iW&rftf aswell as Matter: That ConditilflldTOrn Ai-

"terhktrve Claufts were far from bewg'tftff*ttte<krirf«8 :

* 'That "the Aar^ife conftrtictedta* tofceoatoftecedklit^

Wajr: That, oh the contrary, in 1 pOrfolli^tHrettftr

•Method recommended, of pafltRg^WoStttidikftfeaii-

ballycontradidory t6 each other, 4h tht^ftaw Jfeoinh,

- they <trfight 'be- jtiftly charged <^*h<doi*g tfbafi<%so*d

"■ fee not Onty i*jipiictdtteti& and ifyitfd, bi# WrtpriflfOuld

fecure tFw-Ef^ ftittted 'at by th« Gob*ft<jr,

T^ fl$, ' Exernptlng- 6xb Pt-cpriftd&i'ttowVlkxAKi :

T^af/^< mt^Ex^dK-ntof'Rfleffihg tfteiftvpfeurr

W «# the Neteflfty W -fc* tttf tte«lld«|fMNr.'
VSbfiK ha#3rfW ¥e*- i^ ptepotbdJ di&e
; Aihfetfmert^ to #H&>Aey*BHl£ but <&*&«£ fcttonld

t«*CT«ft^^ 3 t^4^pp^d c k-iJaw agd aft? reeved

and more kfiing Wc^\^\m&*f8^mW9
^iUfcart^ltk? J>»fen% 4%% ^rl4fflrW

4H^^t©f>$lM)mj<ji»fijw^f^^

4P6fcH6ffcftib c*W8?Jl for.t$f ^^df wcrfjfei
bS#«tt *>rfj$je»H*vfjW &¥*: ^eeft,^>««P!9#«e - «fr ,

-faitidc;; kanmiboillvthis,. Inftancft \ hoi&^endja,

(WfcSOtfdjfik bft*k £haBges\; .£^-^j^ ^wsot
v9«§«^li^d^Or#fl|cfjd htif *xwn A^dmftifs, W^ta
jfefc QWn i^d#iM9»< and plter J?is own, Alteration^ ; fo
; *tonW\*ftoMgk &sy . ftould now accede , to Thefe>, tlp^y
*i*»*Wt#©*.be'6»re $ being ever the nearer to <a Cpj*-
id«»6«ief v$fca&/ ,*(CHe. Pa(T»ng the prog «fed fepacate

Bill was equally inconfiftenc with the Governor's Con-
bftftft^en^Wotle Ffdltjfrpfory Claufe in Ms Coraqjiffion,

1»Woh Jmc fc^mad now to have got over; Jotter
i.<foopedih«,frould npt y for the Sake of a mere Opinion,
-iQ*Q««roiagi ^?<^ ; and Prcpritfti any iqpger refule a
-. BiMnifcfii^TOat twportance to his Majefty's Sexyice,
i*lid>ej!*^^P#^ttf«©? ^«tt». going daUy to Hutn.
i«te«»«Ui»(tbj»i8^1iflf of .the Province: And- thatythe

&BW«tepJw*teGqn6d«oce in his .J^ajefly'-a Gpodnefe,
<rwb«* iad«csd 4um to pafe fuch a Bill in «y Shape,
htoighlAlfo eftcfljirage hinj tQ believe, jhftt aAy^Mtrfe
bimpr^kQti,rif 5 ^wy A |;hiBw jara*, wo>jid,be gracionfly
,?t&NbdvflFj; ^That^if Jthfij? /««# .yb5-.4»nfj,r

: «Mckwa»»moft *&#<£ with «he jti&puuflt , ti
<(*Mtav<4)C9fc wi»s»frp>B»oiftof t^e^, ffotiyeai

bto4*bo,*#^ of tim ^*M$*tm&$ [

sAUt thejbhu^TQrle/fid.in^aH! for, ii

Jon.

*4u|d felVe: fthcW *\U rlAftJtfcHaMiipcni IhairWhAfo
tbfcr Ho«fe #db£ted:ttf Jtheir^^
betfwfe U ^*a,M<ariey^ft^
t w^5 grafted ,*a/th< Gro^fi^iiiijiCD^e^itifbTit^ofrirh^
Fqtkfci!*o£«th^ btWJf

Jt^g^t rita ft r/tfaforiahle! caifeoaLaDi^ifbpy fmaAsiiUf
rti$r S^^^v^totfilic^vA-jfnA <ai3$ift<& -nqchqr,*
SWf^QfriandCor\<^tfo^

G0i^ fcr r>ment ( cauW: Qotrtfarit ^?*i»geinfety> pwjxirihriial
VoA^totBe^LKi^g^nScniice todftbe5>SWdfdre ^dtvTthC
Q)t*wy, tfc«^itwglfeth«hcrfdftbr4ie>1aiai(iaftkii sarft|
thtt^herCi^yc^Oibby J*ifibig->thistTjuft ariai &}<irabfet
^J weuW ky the-Fojtindatfenrof fv>th^n Agfrotfmenr.
a% flight conduce** ftotrche ^enahd- iflmg/Sfrafc afrb ita&rij
cerned, and prevent the Neceffity they lhould t6dt»ej
wifefce ;-tmder> <A making an im mod iare Attention
ai^<Q>mpl*iflt a ,brm

They ^ctampartiedftWs Meffage? wtoh^ cdrt&ftr£»t
t^a^t»fro0i-tfee Journals tf.fhritmiehty qwicbriftig
the Claims of fch& Lords and the i^rftweranteaoSi tiflfc
C^mons in rejefting them : They -riifo^ in^afeparact?
*Me0age» applied for Information * concerning frfiA
Sbawanefe Affair before mentioned $ and^ m&tiksttodi
MeiTage, *they apprized hmv * Tha^titeirr jTreafl^ytt
was quite exhautted by the hearcy Mxp&vltesHt&elf i
$n£urred, and th&t they knew of no iWiayi bfdnaffitig*
Moiwy fo expeditioufly as That propofed;b5nda[-tBitti
ctafe-before the Gdvemof. ' Afikrr^wyck4theytfobrt
joined-- the- following Expreffion^irifSi£j(>ls>fcriJcp
m thfc Money intended to.be ftiwk;riito^iim^daivi
*'* rent before the thirty-firft of December. idba&v<*&>
<c that is not more ih*n fit Wefeks?«tbere»ip noiBddbt
**) but that La^ufy ^t$yiee> and any Tl»ng,«ife thati
cc v^opey can pUrehtife amoc^ us, jmaj^te ttiAlKfin
^prfcdit fori fo da#>m * Tiwe* ifitte&lllpeflifl% aaodi
.* tf in CoaG cteifcKi&D of the* MecdSty ofi^j^feifaf «to«^
M )rjtfjfoffame4o ^^jfif^Jfed l^abktmte shbitibtftBe^
**:d&itot*esi vfo An€tfreljy h©pty anrdoftte id^m^anmftlfD
*> letitflcatj icrfiat ihe Qovcn^^ mlitu) loi^ep^ufo^ri

r ?rMr; x At

i

^tM T ^brfThm?'therHdu& had't MiKtirflffl Wttter
^teir^erfnfide^ffttonj i fratotfHn" Ctf ifcplfctiiBe ; wi*h 4 ttffr
fto^fodfi^Mdi^ ikffagf

fefth^o 4 i3*ic^ePditioiwrs y wer^ ♦dfy ivfltitog TO Ste*
«ufebd ahenrfelvies atsd^Cdtimry , l x and >&tfifoiteof bdftg
•liforfiMii into rq^rflarl Bodies fof that f\irpofe v ^ftdw.
* iprbper Officers, dmh iegai Auttesfrfcy * •» THc *Bi#
thtrdfora fAhs; r as&ber i3%te cxptieffisfy <idr tte ftettt?

gone KhdaftHB^oodensithtf defifcdV ^thotit ctwapdP
ittjgJjotbcfiB who ihightbc confcientloufly agtiirrft b^f^>
il*grcftM$5& ^fowhich 'Refpe& it Wflform«d^yi
the jGdraraor V pafticalar Recbmttietidattott <tfbai f fr&*

noaa»4:fiiM was font up t*> hfmtSti the ;t*rettty Ufft f ,
and, at ths/femfe^ime, the Hbufe oaltadl upon ***#
farHnsiRefuit on< ►the Bills already befprehim* ; ^ '

^rlffothing is* more toHifc, thjrt, that the trforettei'rty*
wd utoniwerabiy ybu^tonvineea tMaa tha£hfc rs fifr
cto&wjofcg, the more you exafpefate him againftyoti :>
Alid fcever was any 1 ruth more ! ftrongty illtfftfatefcf
tfawtotfcfiasappekrs to have been in the Bsribh of *hf*>
hfgjllir^nd mighty Governor— He could aot fpr^nte£
ttiteABfembly^ fteqmfe they had put him out ofCon*
l^mliethihiniftff. And, k the poorer he! found hirtrfeff
iHiArgtaiVKht^ itfci^tnoreiftrongly his Pafffions efceitedf
htolt© nVataHuffe of jftve&ives. — Inveftite became hfc
cuilyiRefouaice then :xAnd- the 1 little Power he hadovetf
hhnfctfiyittrfatailiier, Acw^d how urlfitfce Was to i& i

xfcbHiog ^renounced Jrfc i*r opofil to the JJferiklft&
teria *fojvn*ble onej 'and > deeWred*»Mfnfe& tfo^lkfs
afbnifixd thkn grieved fcfacttKtheyffliould rejeft vit^« >&&$;'
tfcone ffpta^lly* J as their &# ?/^gjCK¥ftjnt' for* fd do*h£
^^^^nded \on • a ^^e> rfnd 4tfty\<$Mm ^ Prtvfc
/^ahe^endcaviaifR boiH te> ; prov« ^&e < ^Notfeftj^ and*
a^titotttaforahe &fiainptian[<*rf iti?Tbynftyteg; *;$* ftai*
nfiydrufaen^/tfMof, . tiilitxiwards^ ttte ^GMe f '6f ^ Md
Hamilton's . Adariniftration, an&ktat 1 *&C' Affitofe^f

I A Yka*^

J

#wm*^t4ty m i &&1*'&& pom

i&WecfiSfl*^!* (3W«» ; {/" the #m r Mm$mn*9*M

J&ti o£ mvrififi Io^venkjpse^haj: jj|ig^fiflfeg//^|i
$Wv#9*$V* thereof (wbi^h;|^^wrt^fi h^nftYjef-
^bejfftpcrifsverfd iti.doiqg) *b? ^^ gaffogsapt*- j»

^^K; 1 ? *>P 4ecyphwe4 *t all ** pj^&d&feffoH&e

CJofe of it, he attempts to jufttfiy Ji4&^^ j<f!§«fgft#t

Msty&i. *>F.%»&g»o' KfeM icpftwte(|^p5Hr/> Ram

}.y**fc<S [^Wch theAffernbly had be*a .^j^g^fc, as
t£e £*> of the ffotmShft Charges agaj^t^^o*.

V&Qt

the

fca*?%* ffie Md# rflagfiardh* 1 , 1 <&;*$

IS* & RfcttH iJ fct*>8iirft?ri£ "<fat n W'ffl» & 8«

■«Pdptf'8i

•ItifetffiifeftW tfttir Conduft, with w $M$# ttt tifeft,

*WWi#ri rffcriy ftfeufcs as tfiey ftaa'treatfed>Wm :
'J&d ! tar£6cctirV* Paragraph or two wttkft"tritJR*-ge
ttimmHfiMitfa : *iz. " ^ . . '« • i.j'

si irfl A<ftjl#, ,> Wi$' r focKried to gd teybndffhy cwrj
" l » ri Wrki , ,' I -f froghd :! begih vrftfi rtrnittding you h&W
* ^im^admj'ybh tre«ed thr?f^pri<clry Oflfer%f
: **F&&- !&»#«* Peutok, fcrereanfea Plar* df Strttigth
-^«i1fcfe^*w, edgetlwr twrfi-ari OfftP of Wtifo$n4
-**i^&^*^t6*af dtfits ^
•«^f^iito* tfTOei' *h ; feri ycttf edhtfifttnije WdSl4
S«<CTIbt^!^veprraked^
-•°«TBr WftJS^v ttntfiii*. ^ • '• : * l >» ! ^>. f ""J 10 »\»A "ri? *■

<* #^ntW«^«upp^$^ v^*#^^^^mT6d^

Sjforjbitbc)SlFerlgth:^ithe dfrotfittcfeifc dtftihft) i&pgt

^jwsw wtj^iniiouriLiffl^ Dtfcntftfctf

Sorrsv cho-efcyicckingaivE^cukito^V^id 4(^^Wh^
S(wasacqaiccdD£^Offl^K^, JUuuiit tul ^jiiivorlsrb ip

.JHe Jwil ^^ ajyb;iteJDifir^anoiijr/ tt> iBeifctotti t&fcd j$ft&
Defeat of his Maje^sJ^rces* ifi^^refe^&rrfS^aSI

4 r port aod Affiftaoce ^hicbit wks itvthe >P3#£* ^
Sthe Province to ijiave affprdedU^ i iftfld baymg«g$i&
dod^ced»4-TkitLKccouW not ra^de/rom hw AmSbd-'
n^t£*<andjCKpi}dW^ mteided*

Complaint againft hinv he <ionclud«d with tkecwb'
following. Paragraphs, which are equally iofididti^la**
jurw^tAndunlccomirig. . / i , .. lx»> vl ^
r - * i Upon the Whole* it appears dear ttHiiej' that? ;
c y ou new ^m&4 rkat any of your^^/^^old^^ 1

* for railing' Money to defend the Province v^dJrfiis

* fecojs nojv to be placed beyond all Difptitey fuice

* /^fi/5? jRtoffe* under whofe 'influence you are c&efk^

* known, to be, arc faid to have declared publickJ^ to ;

* you, that they would (oooct fuffer than /^y WwWdi I

* fuch'Purpofes. ; ' V c -v - ■/ ■.-. Jiiri ibrfj
* However, 1 (hall put one Proof more* betli r 6f :

* yowr Sincerity and mine, in our Profeffiotis ■&£> $e*

* g&rd for the Publick, by offering ..to <agrjrej*(* f &fiy^
1 Bill, in the prefent Exigency, which \vi$Oc^jk&c
\ with. my Z?*// to pafv*l&,~ befo^ ow^^

€ putes can be brought to aa Iflue^ • we ib^d^khfeiMt

* haw a Privilege mi difputp about* nofaiJC^ntrj^o

Together with i this .Meflage, tha See^fefHllfa^
brought down another altogether as expraordidaiyi klfg
which the Governor' acquaints the Mbuft,^ ^terf^hS^^
}iad ^oafidenedjtheir Bill, for the better ord«rihg 3 &!^^

would

1 tsq*W<*jetm apfiwtrotfie JBurpofe pfi ?itefemliiig*t$hc?
j&tevifl#fo fiy^HiifKitiCOuJdvbacarripdiaco Excctrciia

aQ&nJSCi ^/hewihe, wlasidcAixius of doiag any Thing;
^Ig^l^i©^ Safety"

of the Province, he fhould confcutt .tout iaiUjie Sh#t>e~
t^ l&fo ffflii&em ifc qfould be eitoi% inco-4*^
RBtSfti i$|ciald ;^«^me^!)teprDpefIju?, ^ . i i- ^sbCt

tfc$ (i&w$nofbQn £h# faraie Daj^joathdjs Jtot&d#][ r *
Ifyy^ktKifito ix^iv^pfamt . DUpatcbesi from ^tfae*

*IWDH?pw* K>^h£ Hqj^

\^^hr,Xi^e he, y wa3 ready to unmalk i»ph a *VajtTO£
6friP^0«<erieS(, a* h$ thought wquldib^&^ient^'Jiy?
their very Noife alone^fo to ^imisteteafaiSMA^
oiftljaj.teaftj th^tljcy flijcwbd ^.ftelkhneW^afca
hi^ilflbe%i^tMrn to his. Ial^MeSj5d»tsbey ^h^dd^ne*

3: >Fihe §fft.,w^ 4 Report JSrcra his Council^ contain-*"
^&£h;& tyfouflioo; of Indian. Affairs as ,v»as c® be*

_j^£9?(fopi&btiT%& in full, of the MtwaneftCcim- '
pJ^^^^5eutio^;i^a JMeflage from the Aflembly* at
their firft Sicting, ia Confequence. of- the Governors

swnmeosv,,. ",. • : . r^-- = - ' ;-""■•

-3&e(££$aod was ^ Gall upoq them ta prbvide Far 0,
SybVit)9fjFrg#4> Inhabitants baniihedl ouu of N&tza
5^^^^vpjo^;i^^rtf»^, and fcata^ a Venture to '
berj#fti^&e€j through the Reft of- hi^^ajeiiy'sXo-.
}of^9i#toB&iheContinfiflU. . : . r v - :V*

o^jfdaSi^thir^) not Only ^ijorified-ithe Receipt of
the rroprietaries Difpatches abovementioned, but|ai> *
t^ip^kdi . < Thar,, fuck .was their: Care .and i£e*
g%!4l f£ftfh& tte^e^that, thsy had rio>fopnetL irce^d s
thg r [4fi$qtunt ke.hftd feot them okGeoeral BraM^i^
Pj^lgtfiirfliO :lh?y font Mm M\ Qddcrj i^pbn their i&^ *
tf%^-<§^#^f&r $q&oL a&a free, Gift tb the^PubJki ^
to t^*W^i^ JpfwcK U&s ^ as>^hatiiE^M/ijmight makei ?
ne yfl&ryL fee lh$ ccmmiQH Sacuivtyi of Jthe P*pviricei> '

^teorty 'rnty to toon zs-fMm'i JWKfla
«ff%P -ftfcHiWJMfcr the; BHpWfltitHf of

''WttVklRr'aaattf- Gteimp^&^TWW

abtfAnxic^fbrttjeliHiibtt^Si'feoaWMIfiil &*-»«**»*

SMa<HeoflieP, ^Tfl
dfe GbitTTifrltynWztOcck/tontgtAh ifce&rfrfrtthde^ it
cd them to fey affdt iRDifput^; and'Wgfatrtf'fccftSo

Sfc&^nftaditlbh ft* ^hx theyPrap^etmrim^ 1
rMSMaeflft^ fifcrvicVand *he prefflngeaigeB
i$Pftx^cefco#1rt<!r •■ ' •■ * >'• ^ .3^

''^afc^rifigrrthc*, frowever, lave ahy^lerfr: «T
pfead dn eMier of thcfe Headb, bat? m%it fcttn^btf
driven % FoWfrroWevery foch Meaft^ a**ifes<fflu§ J
recommended, pn the very next f Pay dfref*!KB, Ht^i
before it was poffiftle for them- tcf cbtirc^dpeijy 4a l
any Refbtotions at ait •, came agaro" the Ma^orWPlltf
fo&tpbiu, having now alfo prevailed AWth'hftCWJte^l^
to join him and his Prompters, WftrM W/md ^ hmUi^
in a Stile altogether diaatorial, * Ktpmffitik Him
with tofing their Time in DefiberatiWtfSwTO tfkfr-
Fellow-Subjects were expofed to 1 ShtighrM 1 JBW v fh
Debates about Privileges whife they *m ^epnvfc«#
the great firft Privilege of Seif-PrefervSidoiP, *&&&■
otiinng them to poftpone air ii't^Ki, <^i H&<£

fary Supplies, and pafs a reafeoabie^Ljrw 1

Ing aMilfcia; and, m the Clofe of it, rec6nime .
Difcatch, as thr People ftemed already irt'a'depforitf^
and defperate State, and they feared k wdtf1d'i*<*%^
porEbie to prefefve the Heace and^QBie^-of^Iie 3 ©^
or of the Province itfelf, touch longer .* ' '<> w^ew*
TheHottfc, «<rtwitMfemBng, to be dffitiftelft'M
all Things, called, intfcefi^Pia«,BpdtftheW-Cot»»
rmttcefbr the Ahfwef they were dh^ecVed^^^aWtb
the Governor's fcft Invective; Mich tfai ; re*»
» Subftancc"is r fbtlowij': fowft, '• ; » - v

« Tbat

7 '

ftoB fc»& Harris, %. Deft <3p*9rnof • f 4
RSH iro/ftfltfcejr- Go^tnp&y atejUto^, _

^WWto re&ge4^ iTIyituinflya^fif ftfutirjg tte toj,

to««fci«> f tfWftiPJb*" : 4ft ■ !*»■ '"W ^ophite s^L
^#We»!iitXh«j ^5heMM before a%i«^«)n*j

b^PWffi^s-Aax- did ?c$ firpttjee foooQff,
,^. J*ftWW* fc?- fHPPfed by m a«l4>«QBal Tajc*
a R^Hn£}««J e ed?& i ttap^pM-ffcojuB be difpofeg
by a future Aci *, to which the Governor hapd Jnade,

W Qbfe&m ~> -Thac^viW^thftanding^^^i th£ #uft
h fo% i fl#ff , $fiS?d to (i raife, it.- was therefore, clear- ^
!ffi>2iWa$s «fe Bill vja» -entirely ufloj^ioriabfe
ir-^d^fy; ;vf as ^nore proper than M, and a
: ,fcr t^ ; Bill, and die pretended Rights
J9fc5jy • . iThat his Commiffion had 1 no-jfudti

l^h/s/apecfed to find io it jrW»d that thej^

co^^^ttHW |VjGjn$y-Bill like this, admit of Amend*
mm ^IJWMte* » ^eafqn, Juftice^ or Equity, bus
"ft-jftp #IpJw^^afMre of a Governor, without be*
WWft #bf£«$ wMfii* *«» k their Confti-
«HP¥?»ii^9§ ®ying- up. their juft Rigbtf as free-bora
Subjej^s pJ^gg-Zasi.- That by the Carters their Caaj

^5H^ I W^! f Wnd t #.' c !P ?' in < Addition to the Priv£
k*fc!fc!$e&t %qaUy natped, they ^ moreover intit-
-.dtfjkiO'kfER. Eowersjaad Pr^leges of an,- A£
Mj?jp9Psoi?iing,-i;o the : .Rights, of the, free-bora

e c fBfti%*f ;ivlM no; .beenrfq fpqcin^^rthjjy
ar/£rj fuch free-b^rja fcSubjeAf^in^dr M M in ft

MX

«5!

oo6 An Hiftorical REVIEW, &jc.

any of their cffential Rights, by removing ,^^^p
King's Plantations, and extending the jBn^ I^o^
nions at the Hazard of their Lives and Fottwies^f \pQ T
ing, on the contrary, indulged with particular pri-
vileges for their Encouragement in fo r ufefpl apef i^e-
ritonous an Undertaking: That'indc^'xfa^'iponl|^.
tution was, in one Refpeft, no wayfmilar tq^Jiat of
England; namely, the King's having a natur^dCon-;
nection with his People, the Crown defcending to;
his Pofterity , and his own Power and Y Security waxing
and wanting with the Profperity of his Peppier
whereas Plantation- Governors were frequently tran-
fient Perfons, of brokerv Fortunes, greedy of Money,
destitute of all Concern for thofe they governed, often
their Enfcmies, arid endeavouring not only to opprefs,
but defame them, and thereby render them obnoxious
to their Sovereign, and odious to their FeHow-Sub-
jefts: That, theft* prefent Goverrtor qot only denied
them the Privileges of an Englijh x Conftitution, but hajd
endeavoured to introduce a French one, by redijpng
their Affemblies to the Infignificance to which the/
French Parliaments had* been reduced ; had required
them to defend their Country, and then put it but of
their Power, unlefs they would* firft- part with^me of
the Effentials which made it worth defending; which
was in Fa£t reducing them to an jEgyptiaq Gbpftipu-
tion : For, that as the JSgypJians were to perifh
by Famine unlefs they became Servants to Pharaoh^
fo were they by the Sword, unlefs they alfa be-
came Servants to an abfolute Lord, or % as he w<*s
pleafed to ftile himfelf, abfolute Proprietary : That all
Comparifons, made by the Governpr of hiiiifelf to his
immediate Predecefifor would be to his owp Difad-
vantge, the Differences between the former Genjje-
man and his Affemblies having been but. f(pall| i|i
Comparifon with thofe then fubfifting ; and condaft-
ed by him with fome Tendcrneft to his Courjyy : Tha^
how much foever the People were at that Timq dif-
fatisfied with fome Particulars in his Adminiftration, k
the prefent had given them abundant Reafon to regret

- Robert* H. Morris, Efa.Tfcp. Governor. $07

tH(&<THinge :' That as to the Collufiqn charged upon
thfeWm riot intending any of the Bills they had offered
for^ht^Deferice of thejr Country fhoulcf pafs, they
coORl^witfr htimble Confidence, appeal to the Search-
er W tiJF Hearts, that their Intentions perfectly cor r
refpbifded" with' their. Anions : That, not to mention
the tJrifaftnefs of afcribing to a whole people theln-
difcrferiofi of a few [thofe who had declared they woufd
fiffer^ rather than pay for military* Meafqres] the Qo-
vernot himfelf muff own, ' they coqld not be under
the Influence he ruppofed,' when they' aflured him that
feveral more Votes had been given for thofe Meafures
fince they were petitioned againft,, than before :. l^hat
they* were ''totally ignorant eff the many other 'Ways o£
raifing Money, to which the Governor had nblDbiec-
tion ; as'alfo,, what that other Bill'mi^ht be, which he
might t%ink cohfiftent with lifs Duty to ^pafs :, That
he thought it^ inconfiftent with his Duty to t paf^ any
Bills cdritrafy to his'Inftruftibns from the 'proprieta^
ries, which (like the InftruftionsrdF. the Pcefiderit and
Council of the North, mentioned by Lord Coke> 4. Infi m
P. 246.) were" to them impenetrable Secrets : That^
according to theTame great Lawyer's Remark on Go-
verning by fbch Inftr'u&ions, Mifera ejt Servitus ubi
Jus effi vagu'm % aut incognitum: That* therefore, it
would' Be in vain for them to fearch for 'other Ways,
or Trttahe other Bills: And that here the Matter'muft
reft till his Majeffyltiould be gracioufly pleafed tQ
relieve them; fince, with the Governor, they could
no otherwife hope to end the! unhapy Divifions, than
by fubmicting to one Part or the other ctf the mife-
raW£' Alternative mentioned fry him; either, not tQ
have «a Privilege' worth difputing about, or.bedeprU
* ved ^i'Cpuntry to. difpiite it in." [^ ' it , -

Blittho'-this A'nfwer .w&s, in every Particular, cpn?,
formk^feto the* Sen fe of xhe*Houfe, and was after-
wards! printed in the Appendix %o tljeir Proceedings*
I they declined making ufe of it '%*. and that for the pre-,
I lent reported by the Committee was to the Effcft Jpl-
[ lowing: To wit, " That the Bulk of tta'GoNcrco?*

^8 v : JnBfimcai R^M^^m^l
iim^Me0*ge-qopfifted of gropj^^&jp^^s Jjrff^r
iiiiianics, , whicJHi having b?#f r^^ft ffiM$&*
might bc/faft}y left to tfefnfetyss ,: <J$}$ WnffiJ
had prepared^ fyll Anfwer t$$$&fl> A $$ f&,|% r e
were if ow f<^ Hppesof. ?n Agj^^t ^«ra £ ip
*he Money.Bill, ^f h,$gfe %.p5map^ 2°%^ *
the Seffipo^-thfly fybmitt^ vU^^jg^^^^^^tfaiBr
# would ffl&te^ffiom cop(#fi#. ^Wjt^^fU^ncp
£bd .MofafflifeWtitO fflPRrefs ^4 : (^af n wefje.^ng r
howw»Pinprift qr T two «& g^rg^ ^ug^t pgainft
tb$ Aflemblicr of that Ero^^e^^teighjL^prQpa:
4»<ttke fon>e Notice of thcn£$ $$*£ j^jJr^ Jjjf t^efe
WUSt ^thftt they contemptuoufytrea0 jfe Profirieiarx
Otfqr.pf 40a /. for crcaii?g a Place of $tf§ni
<$**> apdof 109/. pendnnw* tftwards i ^t$ Support :
That this conterop^M^^rcatment ^^p^^toeGified t
but might ba,«pl^ncd v pya Paffage q^^JhtBrief
State [a Proprietary Pamphlet] where j$ p$id, r c * The
c * Houfe refuted this Fropofal a Ha^ 2 )n their Mi-
** nutes .:•* Th^t the Fa6t was, however* qt^erwile 5
that the faid propofal appears in fevgf^I Pages ^there
fpecified % and that nothing farther tKari wjhat^ Is there*
could properly be made a Part of chofe j^ord^ ;, r And
the Reafon thereof is then affigped in $je : fd^wing
Narrative ; whicfc, for various Reafpns^ djefpry^ Jp be
made a Part of this Difcourfe. / .'.. ."* t

c The late Governor Hamilton^ aft£r Lf^pdui^ the

* Meflage of the Thirteenth of* 4 U $H$? s\}1& l *t re *

* quefted a private Meeting with $/#<? pf tjfcs ||em-

* bers of that Houfe, but without, any j^^pj K ifom
•« the Affembly. ! t ; ^ b 'l

4 At this Meeting Governor Hamilton^ oS^r^ on

* Behalf of the Proprietaries, Four Ht^^^^QtindSy

* towards building fuch a Houfe up^ Ai^i;^af the

* Obi* (but npt ? a Syllable of maintaining* <^j^pport-
€ wg it # ) The Indians were fo far from j^^ng^ our
€ en gagi n g,m itf that Inftru&ions were dfawr^py this
*■ Government tq ( require it of them, at a^r^t^^eld^
c by G. Crogbatty in i; -A^, f; 'i75i f 'and^.t^iey' e^^ntly
^ Ihewed \themfelves app^henfive fuch ka 'Att^mpc

1 \ \" M '"mighc

ftoBM^ H;Mb£R«, ; i%. Dep; Governor. 309

e "ik^M m&tihK&gito&e French* art$brWg dwm
^fom tHe'tffctfwith SHarined Fbrce; td«take P«fieH
^%°8? ffiife Lands. ' "And about two^Years-'after*
*^rjL SBefeveif Ohio Indians, af thi'Treaty hdd

* a£o«§& 'in Offibir, 1753, faf* tfcP^r^GbvefMt
^iftML"** .1 dfcfire yott would heat" ani?tatei°Nbaefc
^of^at l'WaWb\it%6 fay i the Gove*** of fifk
"W^^L^fettftiuild a Krong^Moufe On Ofc*
^ ^Hidi 3 fcame to the Ears of the Qoverhtor of Canada

* itod we fiippofe ttiti caufed him t*» invBtfeoulr

* C6\iftijr£" 3te«£, Page 8. Th««fat!ie 1 Senci#>ertie&

* a^pfeaftd attobngtfce Six NartdnraitKe Albany T*6&

* 'tyi '•** That th**£>|ri^& and FrenebHwtstt only «eo»-
48 tehcfinkwtifch'oP-thlin ftbutiT have tfiei* Land*.*

Jropofe
w*s very prt*t»%i beybtid
't*'thJ : LTrrifts *bf Pen&imm.: That? arleafelPWaSfd be
* be^$n1f ( the Reach of war Laws 1 , as 'appealed -by the
^'ftopfe already fettled' Khjukatai jufT beyond the
vfflott^'teomain : That this, inftead' of -healing,
«' 'ibign* 'create tfreconcileable Breaches with bar 1*-

<&&P,' eohfiderin^hat Sort of People Would prb-
« bably • fefide there': That the Indians had never

* heartily requefted it, nor did it feem to be' their In-
:J - 1 tei*ff < ©'tp db ; and if they had requefted it, as they

* wirtT in fhibje&iort to the Six Nations^ it would be
f ! H&elaW l tp have their Affent : That this precipitate
Ti ° A&wWd pfbbabfy create' a Jealoufy in the French,
1 and give them fome Pretence of an ' Infraction of
■* thOTeaty of Utrefflt bh ouf Part, and might Hnal-
"f ^e\)M|eiHd Britijh N*i«H in a* War with France.
^' Tfiefe.^fttf'inanV other Reafons, werftWgfcd at that

HwtfS ConftfeHjee, as feveVal of'thoftPMfc^beb
H ? ap'fere^dety' to Givmof Hatnilhnh SarisftcTfoh.
fAMYrappeafr by t^e' Crogbaits^mm, < that
Hti6&rhdians neither did, >m«<Wthey think they
: IJ, (!8iiia, give Leave to buil^a'Houfe on the Oftw,
' ^w^bd^the exprefs Confent of the Six Nations \ «A

. . X 3 \ wj^.

Li-

3 X d An Hijlorical REVIEW, <&& o M

4 accordingly they took two Months to acquaint the
4 Onondago Council with this Tranfadtion, and'then
c to fend us Word, which they never comriietf Wfrh.

* It appears further, by the Afrembly's Meffage to
* Governor Hamilton^ on the Twenty-firft o$ Auguft*
•' 1 75 1, taken from the Informations 6fC<draJ'tyt1fer 9
4 and Andrew Montour, Xi that the Requeft mfaked in
4< Gfttfg* Crogbans Journal as made by the Indians at
44 Ohio to this Government, to ereft a'ftrong trading
41 Houfciii their Country, as well as the Danger *tis
44 there faid Vftey apprehended from the Attempts o£
44 the French, was mifunderftood* or mifreprefented
44 by the Perfon the Governor confided in for the
44 Management of that Treaty." fiut it may be
4 unneceflary to purfue this Enquiry into an Affair
4 wherein George troghan thought himfelf unkindly,
4 if not iinjuflly, facrificed to private Ends* as is well
4 known to foch as were acquainted witl^ thi$ Affair,
4 and appears in the Letters and other Papers fent by
4 himfelf to fomeof the Members of that Aflembly/

Coming then to the other new Charge, namely,
That the Affembly would hot admit, that thd French
Encroachments were within the King's Dommims, they
maintain that this Charge is as ill-founded as the
other: 4< For, fay they, tho* the Houfe n^Ver took
upon them to afcertain the Bounds of the King's do-
minions, they never direftly or indireftiy denied thofe
Encroachments to be within them."— They tHen pro-
ceeded to examine the Extracts' from the Council Mi-
nutes fent by the Governor, in Proof thai 'Money-
Bills had been amended by former Governors. They*
ctemonftrated in ten feveral Inftances, thofe Extra&i
Had not been fairly reprefented* And they concluded
in thefe Words : 4 Were all thefe to be dedu&ed ftbih
*' the Lifl;, it would appear that there are ,bp t few \Iri-
* fiances in our 'Journals of proper Money-Bilta a-
*' mended by the Governor, and the Amendments
V agreed to b^ the Houfe ; this is bo more than was
c apknowledgedby the preceding Afiembly, ifc&elr
I Meflage ot the Twenty-ninth of September, Wfeeire

4 they

i

Robe-hx*H. Morris, Efe. Dep. Governor. 311

5 lihKt&fyfx. that in a very few Inftances their Prede-
f^^f^^^ight^ye waved that Right on particular
* jQcc&fion^ but had never given it up/
sj ItfMtst/twd the Hpufe agreed with their Committee
Mj£j9P&.aii<Jfc S or ^ P rG ^ ent » the firft of thefe AnC-
w$rs,\ft>r the Reafpns affigned in the fecond, than cer-
tflift>;foh*bitants of Philadelphia, joined with others of
theCoWifiy of Chejier, iji all Twenty-nine Perfons,
thought tbetfjfelves at Liberty to aflail the Houfe in
Perfort; with a Petition, defiring, that the Governor
and the Houfe would unite in the Fear. of God, 8>cc.
And as the Minute taken of this ftrange Incident
(which followed the Philadelphia Remonftrance in
much fuch a Manner as the Legion- Letter followed the
Kentijh Petition before referred to) will ferve at once
to {hew the Ferment which then prevailed in the Pro-
vince, and yet how far the People in general were from
defiring to be preferved againft the Incurfions of the
jEnemies, at the Expence of their conftitutional Liber-
tksy fa is here inferted, to wit,

4 The Speaker told them, that it was well known

* tju$ Houfe was compofed of Members chofen with-

A.QUt-any Solicitation on their Parts, to be the Re-

\ ; prsfenrttives of the People, and Guardians of their

} )J*iberti$s : That the whole Powers the Houfe were

? feivefted with, were derived from the People them-

lofelves, and that as the Houfe had hitherto, fo they

I fhcHikl ftill continue to difcharge the high Trufl: rc-

? #ofed in them to the beft of their Underftanding

'•**d Abilities; and then afked them, Whether they

<>d(/iredrthat the Houfe fhould, give up any Rights*

a? which >, in the Opinion of the Houfe, the People were

&JHfifyiintitled to ? Some of the Petitioners, in Be-

fioh^lfpf the Whole, anfwered, i\fo; they were, far

% frmm requiring any Thing of that Kind ; all tbep wqnt*

I ed was, that fome Expedient might be fallen upon* if

^i$^hi to accommodate Matters in fuch a Manner f as

?t 4k<& the Province might be relieved from its ptefent un-

ihkappy Situation. To this the Speaker replied, That

tiNothkig could be more agreeable to thi* Hpufe

X 4 ■ " i vW

V'.M 1 >

% \% An Uflorud R E V l&W%\k*^<j*

' jthap a Haroioay between tha two Sra&4hetftfif**llfe
4 Legiflature ; and that as the^c»r«»0^i9|iad^rflap
'day Evepbg fent down a Mcfl^, ineifflkh^'that
* the PrQprietftrie* are rnrtb ' difj»&cbrh> doiitti&fti^
4 Sum of Money towards tfifc teoanooiiSBbiJrtl^^tlli
\ Pfpvinq^ there was a great PmbabHityi tKarkl><Sin-
f f roverfies qq -that Head w«t"e at aft .find, tan# ; l*ft&

c 'feme Method would tttTpa^l^nk^^c^lfWlifS
4 the Province from its prefehbDifficukips^ iftg;*— ;
*', In effe£t r the Governor having; *jkfen v iils Cofcfcnt
to the Militia Bill, and the Hfoufe having made fefcte
i p mediate Provifion, for lairing and relievift^ the
preferable French Exiles obtruded upon them frfcm
Nova Scotia, thty proceeded torefolve, firft, unani*
moufiy, .' >

4 That the Right of granting Supplies to the Crown
4 in this Province, is alone in the Reprefentatives of
•the Freemen met in Affembly, being effential to an
4 Englifh Conftitution. And the Limitation of all
4 fuch Grants, as to the Matter, Manner, Meafure,
4 and Time, is # in them only.* And then,

* That in Cpnfidcration of the Governors Mef-

• fage of Yefterday, by which it appears that the
4 Proprietaries have fent him an Order on the Receiv-
4 er-Gerieral for Five Tboufand Pounds, to lie paid
4 into the Hands of fuch Perfons as (hall be appoint-
ed by A<5t of Affembly, and applied with fach
4 Sums as the Affembly (hould grant, to fuchUfes as
4 may be neceffary for the common Security of the
4 Province ; and as it would not be reafonaWe or jtrft,
4 *at this Time, to tax the Proprietary Eftate, hi or-
4 der to raife Money thferefrom, over ami above the

• faid Grant from the Proprietaries, the HcJOle will
4 immediately proceed to form a new Bill fbP'grafit-
€ ing a Sunvof Money to the Ufe of the CrowB}attd

• therein omit the Taxation of the faid Eftat&*:; om
Accordingly, fuch a Bill was ordered die fawte

pay; and, ip full Confutation of aU the injur tou^Sur-

jpifes that they did not fo much as intend tid. five*

* ;ir Country, profecuted with fo much Zeal and

Alacrity,

Rober*^* Ifa^RfciS, Efq. Depi Governor, 315
^bu^tfy^/tfeajt 4: received the Govern&^s ] Aftflt'tfie

3£f8Ti^<3yWi«W!D Branches of thte Legiflafcitte were 1 at
^i^#b5dom the great Doty of mafehg- &W "fcdritH-'
birt6i^fhc Defence and Prefcrvatre^i of m iv '
nfibtlthftV the Stortn Was for the pre#rit 6ver;4b6ie
Ml^fer/©f, recent f Turbulence ftill remained.-— The
C^vernor, tho' frequently called upori, could not be
Brought to pafe the Bill for regulating the Iridium
Tr*4e : The Houfe, therefore,* thought proper ! to
prefe htm wjth fuch a Mefiage, as fhould, by explain-
ing the Nature of (he Bill, not only indicate the Na-
ture of the Abufes it was calculated to correct, but alfo
oblige him, if poffible, t6« account for his Delay:
And the Meflfage agreed upon was as follows, vi& ,

* May it pkafe the Governor*
*. As the Bill for regulating the Indian Traded by
•employing, fober and difcreet Perfons to relide a-
c mong thpfc Nations that remain Friends to this

* Province, for the Purpofe of furnifhirig *them ;with
4 the neqelSary Goods in Exchange for their PWtry,*at
4 eafy and reafonable Rates, on Account of the Public*
4 and thereby fecuring them tb our Iniereft, feems'to
4 os>a Bill of great Importance at this Jun&uite, we
4 ar^. very defirous of bringing it to a Conclufibn as
4 feon as poffible ; and therefore once more earneftly

* ^reqiaefl: the Governor would be pleafed to let us
4 know bis Sentiments upon it, and communicate the
4 Amendments he is pleafed to fay he thinks needful,
y thai; we may confider them. *The-Bill has already
Stain before him above two Weeks ; and we fear,* if
Vfomediingof the Kind is not immediately gone in-
c *ffciyoihall lofe our few remaining IriSians on Skp-
*):^i>mmay .for as none of oaf Tt&de^s- flow ^o : a-^
f mong thtm, and they dare not cotrie dowrf 1 to -Akr
( nfi!ettlaatents to buy what tBey waftt^ for fear dfbeihff
4 i»iftak«itfor Bnejtoies,nthei^ feems tobS ^h^grt#tP
%ffl> Danger of thdr-being necefforily driven 4rito4ht*

« Arms jcrf the Frtn&r ft* bep* Glided wirfiHcbfl,MeinB

* of Subfiftence.* .! o -ni-ni. !<-te>l vi -

; To w&teh -the Gotswiqjp was plea&d » return *ht
following evafive Anfwer. . . .< . : o j id: <

'Gentlemen, ' ' " : ' > vj ^ ! .

* Since your Bill for regulating the' /^^^TVSde
« has been before me, my Thpe has been j f3^fe*ticli
h taken up iyith the Variety of Btifinefc that ttie Cir-

* cumftances of this Province made neceffary tb be

* difpatched without Delay, that 1 have not tfcen
c able to give it the Confideration a Bifl of that? Na-

* ture requires, nor to examine' the Laws of the neigh-
1 bouring Provinces upon that Subjedh — But as the
c Indian Trade is now at a Stand, I cannot conceive

* that it will be at all dangerous to the Publick to

* defer the compleating of this Adt till the next Sit-

* ting ; efoecially as it will be neceffary to calji in
c " and confine our friendly Indians to certain Limits,
€ to prevent their being miftaken for and killed as

* Enemies, where they muft be fubfiffed.— This *jll
€ hinder them from Hunting, fo that they will r hat^

* no Skins to trade with.' '

And now, after having fo often treated the Afieiri*
bly as a Body fitter to be prefcribed to, than* confinlft
ed with/ he took it into his Head to apply to; theni
for Advice ; on what Account it is reasonable hwtiwn
Meffage fhould explain. , v ; ; u . )

* G4ntkmen y 3 \oas •!

* General Shirley r purfuant to his bfa^eftyh Ofdm
( for that Purpofe, has requeued me to meet hini at
( New-Yvrk s in a Congrefs he haa there appQiqfedjittS

* you wilt obferve by the Extraft of a Letter ^froril
( him upon that Subjelfe, which the Secretary rwtft
c lay before you. At that Meeting, Biiiincfi of r the
^ greateft Confequence to his Majefty ■$ S^rvSce And
* ' thciSafacyi of thefe Cokmks will be cxmfitkred^ahd

* coathided, .and the Succefs of the next Yckt?s Qpei

RoBSfcj' H*Ald»*is» E/q. Dep. Govwhor. #13

4 t^oflS taay in a great Meafurc depend on the tfrne-
c Jy Refolutions of that Council.

4 I have lately received fuch Intelligence as to the
€ SfSt^bf Indian Affairs, as will make it neceffary for '

* the Colonies to join in fome general Treaty wkl*

* thofe People, as well to the Southward as the tfarth-

* WfifA^ which caa no way fo well be refolved on as
c at the Coogrefs now already met.

VAad wi'f^e other Hand, the late Jncurfidnsof

* the Enemy, a/*d the Neceffity there is of putting

* this Province into a Pofture of Defence, as well as
^ carrying into Execution the feveral Matters now ia
\ Agitation, call for my Prefence,. and the Aqthprity
c or the Government. Under thefe Difficulties I find
c myfelf at a Lofs which Service to prefer, and de-
c n fire you will give me your Sentiments on this mo*
K lentous and preffing Occafion.' *

\ f $ow this Congrefs was in Fad, to be a Council of
Vpari and the Injlruftions the General had received,
according to his own Account, was to fummon fuch
pi the Governors on the Continent, as far Weft ward
as Virginia* as could, to attend it.

Governor Morris* therefore, would have been un-
dergo great Difficulty on this Head, if the Circum-
ftanees of his Province had been really fuch as he
had, been always fond of fetting them forth.

But bis Purpofe was to go * and he wanted the
Countenance of the Aflembly to cpneur with his In-
clinations, that he might not be charged with Incon*
fiftency, cither by ftimulating them withfalfe Alarms,
ordeferting them in real Dangers.
£ The 'Aflembly* however, chofe to. leave the Diffi-
oul^upoa fyimfelf, as he alone was acquainted with
tbcTNeefffityt of his attending the faid Congreji , but
then £hey left him at no Lofs concerning their Opi-
&ion}D Far they admitted the prefent Circumftances
did callt ftrongly for his Prefence at home, and for the-
SHhole, Authority of Government : And they alfo of.
ferpd to be atthe Expence of fending CommifBone^

■&., i -Lr>>3&QM

$it Jfn -ttiftMtal R E V 'JtW^izci

Rttttiuti for a general Treaty i^ith YltfbdW?»Ti
*&d'rfie*; -U This' Province 'ilfa^fig be'eA,"!*
« r ftilV already tpjofn witli Je ^ifib^uHn^oJ

* dike to the $hef Jf Idvahtage; '#>« W^JKaHS*.

Jo

^fe^c'aft the' Inft&tives which Jiave %^nto ! liberally

^lyflowfed' oh t^ts "Province ' And What/ in 'modern

\&§roptietary ^^\xvc\p^^^ikA %^t\^.% and ]V|ef-

** £ge& of 1 Deputy GoVernors, it wdi»2Plj* very hard 1 - to

t /• mattrK ^ ,.. » • ; ■

"' ; I (X tfce Strefs in this TVMTage, however, laKI on th$

jmeleni State of JWm# Affairs, J the Houfe tqpk'*$ht

A<|yantag£ "to jrecolleft what had pafied between th^m

* and the Governor in Relation to tWtShawanefe Com-
paint v w with an equal Regard to Truth and v^tn-
tfour, todVdfciafioft'in :a Meffage to the Qov^r^^ to
exprefs themleiv<Js upon it as follows/ ^2t/ wl ,

« *pe have confidered the Reporf'of ^'ff tfdrijBflftce

r of the Governor's Council/ 16 ^jct M \i?is pl$aYe£

'• to refer us for an Anfwer to our ^nquit^* relating

* to a Claim of the Shawahefe Indians^ brv^H^^and^

* ne&rConedogttineti* We are far from deling J^Juf-

* tify thofe Indians ixj > their late Outrages^ahd Murders

* committed agatnft the People of this Province, jn
^ Violation of the T fhoft folemn ^Treaties.' ^
'• lieve tliat gr;caf Care has generally been taken
€ t)x£'fydfans juftice by the Proprietaries in the ttr-

* chafes "made* of them, , >rid in aJJ our other jpuBlicik

* Tranfa^tiorjs witft them : And as they have riot the
^J^me*Jfdias of legal ?rppertyln Lands, that we'Ha#,

r "ana fometimefi^think^fiey havfe Right wheiy in tMw

^\fffi%kvc rione, biit^yef are cheaply lati^fied for

( ^lir fwppofcd as vrdi a* teal Rights, we think oqr

I

Rob e rt H, ^f pr * j s, Efy. Dep. (^ v^rnor. ix^

* TPrdv|hce tp ra*fp$rate thofe People agairtfl us, . /, Is
c rapp^ar^j^c4/r^ /£* Report* that. they <qtil4

* have biit a flender Foundation for a Claim of Sa-

c "titfa&ibn ? .^ M 'j^p^ i Lands ^ we are however cop^
* vinccdar, oy qfigjn^l Ijlfinutes' taken by .one of .the

f^Ctaim of theirs to the Lands in Qupftion at tl
4 Tjflie, and vp^e prqmifed that the IS^attef ^ould be
c laid before the Proprietaries/ It was after tlie pub-
< lick general Bufinefe of, the Treaty ,\^' #ver*
5>nd was not inlerted in the printed VAccount

*' >\f 4>hA Tro«*Tr' VkAt*VkA«>\f» Uaoin(A If trrAr* + U ~.^\zA*+.

*.9f , th S T^eaty v perhaps becaufe it wlsjhpu^ht
* T p /elate . mprp particularly to tiit^Pr^rj^ry

^i^?%nf°h^ e ^w»tt* and one °^ thc'C^init
■*' tiqn^ oqng hirtifeli concerned, in tjip Proprietaries

* Alfeirs^ t^ere was Reafpn to believe ne wpuld take

* Care to get It fettled ; and doubtlefs he would have

* done fo, had he not* as appears by the Report, en-

* timely forgot the whble TVanfadtion. We, ip£ for-

7 -ip i g"V M* vc occn lumLicrnt ncvcruicieib to
* r geq uiole Indians in the War againfl: us;
t ^(tn0 ; a!fo took into Confederation the Governors
Anfwers'tQ^their (everal Mefiages, fn Relation to the
i|H^ Sir ' regulating the' Indian^ Trade ; and refolved
iereon, . <c ~ Th^t it was theif Opinion, thc(jpyernqr
^ evaded giving any Anfwer, or opering aqy ,A-
gW to it, that : it # might be kranfcrib^l aa4

s

t|eij^ ! 'or kefuml of entering into J t&e CQft&dejrgtiw

ki& ' An'tiiftcrical REVTEp,^c: "^

thfeWof • zi that -Time frtight bd attended mOtimrj iff
Cbttfequtihcetf '{ ahd that thofe Cbnft^defaeSp^ffl^
no£ fife dt ttfeir Door." '"' • r: * >f;fI ?13n( ::3

And having before iefolved tokdj6Mn'ttil dfe'EM^
of .Msrr* "triftfcg, ; they riorebver i66fc vptfh ffllA to ;
provide for the" Sublicence 1 of cef-tain'friendl^/^/^j '
fettled near' their Frontiers in the m&fr'wfctlel f * "\

Nor Was this al! : ( For?he Incidents of t^Re S^bh
havihglhewn, that it! tfas high Tiirie fbf the . A^fri- !
bfy td aflef t their own A^ihoni^is^fatkHli'zt^i^-
astbe Fa6tiori$ and Intrigues' of the Pfdvirice atftHat
Tithe 1 fuBfifting would permit, they calted for the 1
Re{K>rt of their ComiHittee appointed to fit on the
feVeral irregular and improper Application^ which
had bfcfcn made' to them during the Sefaiori ; arid hav T
ing duly considered it, ordered it to be entered on "
the Minut6s'bf tjie Houfe.

Every body, knows, that the Reports of Commit-
tees can con/mof Opinions only : And thefe Gentle-
men gave it as theirs, ic That/tho* it was the undbubt*
ed Right of the' Freemen of the Provide, ribt' btily
to petition, buf even to advife ; their Rtprefentaritfes r -\
on fuitabfeOecafibhi; yetkll Applicatidmf whfcttfar '"■
to the'Houfe, J ough't tb ; bc re(^eftful x di^c<fnt, ^rtl-
* nent, afid founded in Trufh. M a ' ' * ' - ^'" ' '

« thkt the Petition of Moore' atfd! hi* ^lrty^fiW
Fol lo wfer S concerning, unnecejfary Dibits' 'with the.
Governor, when no ^ifputes had been beguil ; r ^4
infinuating^ that the Hbufe had negle£tfe"d* tfife' Se^
rity of the Province from cbrifdenuous' Sdfu'pft^
wai/Mirided on Miftakes arid Mifappsehehficfos l tif
Fafts and' Circumftantes.^ [They migW hive fai*- :
much mortif they hkd thought' proper.! ' ; ° ' r '

" *T^at the Petition intituled, ,An A<MrelW ftr* - 1
tain ^eopi^; called Quakers m BeHalf ( ^of thisMel^s 1
and other s> \( finned by 1 Atithony Morris and t^Aitj^t^b^
others] i.fo fiir J a$ it engaged for any mofe thaft tftcrifi^
feWeCahd : i^ uridd-YNt^ef- <

ritfStfujftrihg rather thata ^Ug for other ftjtfpfeade^
able'Meafures, bad, notwithstanding the Decency of

Robert H. Morris, Efe Dep. Governor; $1^

itj5: ;^flgvKigej afibmed a greater Right than fulfil
M^ere^vefted witjv, and, forafmuch as the faid : Pftfjrj
tibners had not duly confidered former Precedent*,^
djp^jiaUy tjie Grant of 2000/. to the £rcwn in the If W
171 1 was an unadvifed and indifcreet Application- to
the t $<nife at that Time/' • < , M

cc That the Reprefentation from the Mayor ofPfor)
ladelpbia, and 133 others, faid to be of the principal
Inhabitants, but in Reality a great Part of them *jot
FRZE-kpIders, many of them Strangers -and obfiare r,
Perfons, and fomre of them under : Age y as it charged
the Houfe wkh not having a proper Concern for the r
Lives of the Inhabitants, and didtated, in a haughty-
peremptory Manner, to the repreferitative Body of
the whole People; what Laws to make, and threatened
to force a Compliance, &V. if its Commands were
not obeyed, was a Paper extremely prefuming, inde-
cent, infolentj and improper j and that the faid Mayor,-
by becoming a Promoter and Ringleader of fudi an
Infuk pn that Part of the Government, and by his-
Authority, Arts, and Influence, drawing in fo mafly
indifcreet or unwary Perfons to be Partakers with >
him there^p, had exceedingly mifbehaved himfelf^ and ;
failed greatly in the Duty of his Station." — Expref-J
fions equally applicable to the* Governor himfelf as
chief Magiftratc ; if the Mayor in all this, only afted
as a Tool of his.

And up^n the whole, " That the faid Paper
ought to be rejefted."

Thps ?ndcd this memorable Seflion* on the 3d of
De€epi$er \ and that Day Two Months, inftead of that-
Day $brfe Months, which was the Time prefixed by
their own Adjournment, the Governor* having, in
that : Jpterval, left his- Province, in Order ta attend
the rj$fj#ry Congrefs &x>New-Tork 9 notwithstanding;
the Preventives thrown as above by the Aficmbly
in hi$$?a,y, t thought fit to convene them again 3 and* ,
by the JMediurn of a written Meffage in'theufuai'
Fonp* told them, " That he had called them toge-
ther tp confider of the P fan of Operatipns* consorts

3*0 'AnBjtoriml REVIEW, &<:. *

ed, in the late Council of War hdd at that £tee* for *
the Security of his Majefty's Dominions oil tfcftCon^
tincnt : That he had dire&ed the faid Plan to be I*kl
before them, um^r a Recommendation of Sfedifciy,
that no Part of it might be fuflfered to tranfpire:
That the many Encroachments of *he Frimcfc, &tv
fufl}cfently (hewed what they had farther to tfkpe&i>
if they did not by an united, vigorous, and fttddy
Exertion of their Strength diflodge, and confine tfienr
within their own juft Bounds : That he was perfuadtd
this would be found the beft Way of providmg fotr
their own Security, and that, therefore* he muft re-
commend it to them to grant him fuch Supplies, as
might enable him to furnifh what was expected from
that Province towards the general Service : That they
rauft be fenfible their Succefs would very much de-
pend on their being early in Motion ; and that he
made no Doubt, they would ufe the greateft dili-
gence and Difpatch in whatever Meafures thrir Zeal
tor the public Caufe might induce them to take Upon
the prefent Occafion ; 1 hat every Thing poffible- had
been done for the Security of the Provinces Th&a
Chain of Forts and Block-houfes, extending from
the River Delaware along the Kittatinny Hills [where
he had formerly faid the 1500 French and Indians had
taken Poft in their Way to Philadelphia] to tfo&Ury^
land-Line, was' then almoft complete : That they were
placed at the moft important Pafles, at conv«hii}*i
Diftances, and were all garrifoned with Detachments
in the Pay of the Province, and he believed, :■ ih Safe
the Officers and Men ported in them did tlWir Duty^
they would prove a fufficient Proteftion agiinft ftieh
Parties as had hitherto appeared on their BofJleftt:
That he had direfted the Minutes of- the feveraJ^(Jon-
ferences held with the Indians, and other Papers Stak-
ing to Indian Affairs (by which- it appeared that Che
Bulk of the Indians living on the Sufqitehatonayitiift
not only in the French Intereft, but deaf to a<U th&
Inftances of the Six N aliens thereon) to be kid before
th^m : Ti?at the-Heads 4>£ thofe NitiorK had been
* > convened

.koBER7$tA^R,Ris, Efq. Dep. Qpvafror. 331

<m*ml\ H*\*Jmti pre of GeneraM&r% ; a#J
^SOy** m% .»;GqHJ*M-V tre*t on jtl^e -^ind .othei;
^felPW *jT&« KfjsVM informed, tJtey,w§fcr fo J$%k

^^Mfi^kW^iflbfi- Cwd«& of ,^J)el4Vwes^9m
Sb§wj*tf(t fbatt^ jfe^ned incjinab^ to/t^keup^

AdaBff !S;th<?m^ipo»»ld induce thei»v;to>#a svigorouQy

flr" \» ' « f ■ *, --• ■.«:'. .;.* i?

^P^^St^ Ul u&tto bfc expe<9»4 i% this Geotls*
m^s^e^diiigs ;.» Wisfi&ngrefs tye h«*v$*l;reacly %r
cjflvcrt^d i«to **4$wmil. ¥ War* ipftfftd of a gtmal
Treaty with ^he J^fV?^^ brings back* P/*» of njfc
licary Operations: And while the Levies jwere ac-
tually leaking pf thet^spoo/zj^ft given v% fqr ,th$
ZfyEeqce ftf the Province, he calls upon $h#m for a Sup*
ply*J9wirds an Ojf&five War, - r.

. JJy tte^.PJan fettled acpong the Governors at their
l$t^Gour*cU> -which is now in Print, the Colontes
l^srQtQsjwiie 10*250 Meii, to be employed in two Bo*
4*S#agj*|fl(fc thcFrenck Settlements w tht JjabeOrtarioi
lp&$Qm&-p{nn$ \ and of thefe 1 500 were to be fup*»
F%4 ty\Pffijylwnia.

* :-^^ ^cwetnar, however, did not think it expe*
4lR|C^-pM&'Ch^s Demand in the cavalier Manner he
b^\hi$tai?Q pjca&ifed * probably convinced that it
W^ v*h<ft fche Province neither would or could com-
ply* «wi*hrt ami tha^oonfequently he fhoirid only draw
4ttWft&fWJfch the more Odium on hiftifelf. : ,
*j ^oiide^ /The Affembly was fcarce .met* before a
Cip#^fahce occurred, which, thef of ,an almoft
private Nature, ferved ta evince the/Frwth of what
h^i^^juft'infinuated* ?

(itX^^fe^craLReeruitittg Parties diftribtiWd through
$m Province by the Qrder of General $kiri® 9 had
ft&eitr&l the old Pra&ice of enlifting purcbafed %r*
*y^nis 1. * The Perfons thus deprived of their BtdfKjqr
thought their Complaint^ bfcfore.thc jftffembly ; Tl^e
Aflfecpbly not only received thfc Petitioners faVoucafefe
but alfo efpoufed tfetei^Caufe in the ftrwgtft T^sm*
. -,■■■ Y. . %*

$22 An Hiftmcal RMVIEW^h^ r _ 1 ^ *

to the Governor: And as their Addrefs on thi$ r Qq^
cafion* contains fuch a State both of the Vfovmcp .
and its Condutt, as will ferve to make th^ligader
equally acquainted w;th both, the moft materj^ '^- ,
ragraphs ace here adjoined. , ■ :

. ^ . ov

I »
1 1

* We prefurne tha(t no one Colony on the Cotit ificm
has afforded more free Recruits to the King 3 ^ JJojcej
than Penfyhama ; Men have been railed hete ; in
great Numbers for Shirley's and PeppereWiVs^\ %
ments, for Halket's and Dunbar 9 s y for the New;Yo$fc
and Carolina independent Companies, for Nova-S&pz
tia, and even for the jVeft- India Iftands, , By "this, aiKJ
the Neceffity we are under, of keeping up a large
Body of Men to defend our own extenfive ^jron*
tiers, we are drained of our hired Labourers^ £pd
as this Province has but few Slaves, we are ijpw
obliged to depend principally upon our Servant^ #*
affift us in tilling our Lands. If thefe ^r^ ta^a
from us, we are at a Lofs to conceive how the J*rflf
vifiofls that may be expected out of this, Proyi^iCJ?
another Year, for the Support of the ^King's Aj 7
mies, are to beraifed. .. ','

* We conceive that this Province could, not po£
fibly have furnifhed the great Numbers of Men $a4
Quantity of Provifions it has done for the Klng*5
Service, had it not been for our qonftaqt P^rad^i^
of importing and purchafing Servants to ajftfriis ip
our Labour. Many of thefe, when tteyjtecbme;
free, fettle among us, raife Families, add r 19 the
Number of our People, and cultivate morfc Xand*
and many others who do not fo fettle are redely arid
fit to take Arms when the Crown calls jw Sol-
diers. But if the Pofleffion of a bought S^ant*
after Purchafe made, is thus rendered prscariq^
and he may at any Time be taken away fi-Qn* Jn*
Mafter at the Pleafure of aRecruitiqg Officer,, per-
haps when moft wanted, in the roidft of Hspreti j
or of Seed-time, or in any other Hurry of Bufiripf^., r

when another <annot be pm'vkd v> fa^ fei^Place, .". \

1 . t. r

^j

Rd^JBRT H. MdRRis, E/q. Dep. Governor. 323; *

the Purchafe, and .of Courfe the Importation, of

Servants. will, be difcouraged, and the People driver!

to the NecefUty of providing themfelves with Ne-

i groe Slaves, as the Property in them and their Ser-

c vice feems at prefent more fecure. Thus the

* Growth of the Country by Increafe of white Inha-

1 bitant^ wijl be prevented* the Province weakened ,

* rather than (lengthened (as every Slave may be

* reckoned a domeltick Enemy) one great and con-

* ftanf Source of Recruits he in a great Meafure cut
4 offi . and Penfylvania foon be unable to afford more

* Men for the King's Service, than the Slave Colo-

* ni£s flow do.*

T*hey alfo accompanied this Acfdrds with an Extraft
bf a litter frorn General Shirley to Col. Dunbar* in
which he declares himfelf convinced, that the in-
lifting of Apprentices and indented Servants would
greattjf diflerve his Majefty*s Inteteft, as well as be
to molt Cafes grievous to the Subject, and ih the
ftrbn^eft Mainner recommends it to him to avoid
doing it:

Even theJGovernor himfelf in his Anfwer acknow-
ledged! tke. Eaft ; admitted it to be a great Hard fhip,
and 4a tinequal Burden upon the Inhabitants of the
Prontict* but, inftead of ifluing his Proclamation,
ftri&ily charging and commanding all Officers civil
and niilittry to be aiding and aflifting to the Inhabi-
tants,' irt lecunng or recovering their Servants when
any Attempt ihould be made to force them away, as
required by the Aflembly, told them the Courts wefe
open, arid that the Injured might there fueouthfo
Remedy % d ue t ourfe of Law*

H^alfo fighified, that General Shirley had rioWaltered
his C^irtidV and iflued Orders different from thofe hi
had befofegiven to Col. Dunbar. And in effeft, i.
Leftef ffpjft the faid General in Anfw$r to one of thfe
Gov^nof's, was foon after communicated to the Af-
fcmtefyy Jin whi^h he pleads the Neceflities of the Ser="
yicte { for~a Continuance of the Pra&iqe \ and m ^>a!Kv

Y 2 fo*Cv^

Ll

,♦&.

3 U 4* Hiftorical REVIEW* &c* y

fication of it, cites the Authority of his ov^i Govern-
ment, " where it was common, he faid, to jmprefs .
both indented Servants and others for garrifooing the
Frontier Towns, where they often remained fevered
Tears." \,, ; ,;-' •

And his thus renouncing his former Convi0iot^ \ is fo
much the more remarkable, becaufe the Prqvinpe.bad
recently made his Troops a voluntary Prefent of
warm Waiftcoats, Stockings, and Mitteps •, -apd in
his Lettfer of Acknowledgment (dated but five Days
before that to the Governor) to the Affembly, addrefied
to one of the Members, he exprefies himfclf as follows t

* I am now, Sir, to acquaint you, that I have or-
dered a Diftribution of the Cloathing, and, to de-
fire the Favour of you to make my Acknowledg-
ments to the Affembly for this fecond Inftance of
their public Spirit and Zeal for his Majefty's Ser-
vice, and the general G6od of thefe Colonics, given
by them in the Expedition againft Crown-Point* ,

* I cannot but hope that fo laudable an Example
will infpire the other Colonies with the like Spirit,
fo necefiary at this critical Conjundure for pitting a
Stop to the Invafion? and Deviations of $§ French
and their Indians within our Borders, and placing;
the Britijh Northern Colonies in a State of Security
againft the Attempts which, from the Armament
fent the laft Year from France* and th^ir r known
Defigns, we have the utmoft Reafon to expefr they
will pufh this Year; and that it will qo^qnue to a-
nimate the Government of P 'enfylvanfa in the com-
mon Caufe, as it hath hitherto done, fo highly to
their Advantage, ,s

* Be pleafed likewife, to afibre them, Sir, tljat I
fliall not be wanting in making a juft RejwEfentation
to his Majefty of thefe Marks of their %eol for the
Service of their King and Country, and doing. ?very
Thing in my Power for the Service of the Pro-

• vince.'

It

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 325

l&W indeed remarkable of Penjyhania, that tho*

1 ttpr fcffented and treated by its Enemies, as if it was

ItfieS fc&rren Fig-Tree, Applications were continually

made to it on all Sides, as if it was capable of fur-

nifhing all Demands and incapable of refufing any,

Y L f 'HiVMajefty "having gracioufly ordered a confidera-

b ft\&lftd&ht to be fent to New^Tork for the Six Nations ;

arid ; Sir Charles Hardy, Governor of that Province,

beirJgfoon to hold a Meeting with them, in order to

thi Dircribution, Penfyhania was called upon to follow,

' the Example of New^Fork in making fome Addition

td'it:- And Governor Morris was prevailed upon by

Governor Hardy to make the Demand accordingly.

Nor Was the Afiembly averfe to it : The Province

jhad Agents at that very Time with Sir William John-

fin, to found the Difpofition of thofe Nations to-

i wards them, and as Sir Charles Hardfs Meeting was

"' ] hot to take Place till towards the End of March, and

■'- tht Governor's Mefiage was dated February 16, they

apprehended that no Inconveniencies could enfue from

3r tHeif Aot giving a determinate Anfwer till the Return

■ : b£ "thofe Agents, which was very foon etfpe&ed.

s ^ ,: &HA in the mean Time, as the Governor could not

fhention Indian Affairs, to them, without putting

p :Hfel8i "hi mind of the Bill, which had been fo long in

v:?i Ktt1?Iaftds for regulating the Indian Trade, they again

Jn taflg^frpoft him to take it into Confideration.

lf 'y i 'i\i&f had now fat a full Month; and had received

j a Meflftge from him, recommending a Stop to be put

"' ; ib th6 Exportation of Pro vifions from fome ill-ground-

1 fed "Apfrehenfions of a Scarcity, which they had un-

' J - 4e£<Corifideration : They were alfo deeply engaged

in a Bill for the better Regulation of their Forces,

1 ^tid they had fent up another for continuing the Ex-

Ilui ii5fe, Jl #hlen the Governor was pleafed to return both

^ ! -/24tf tt^t the Indian Trade Bill, with feveral propofed

^Sifi^ments 5 and a Notice, " Th**t his Majefty'S

Ci service requiring his Prefence at J$m*Caftk> he ia-

fended to fet out for that Place on the Morrow; or

next Day after."

rt Y 2 t*

cr

3 26 An HiJIorical REVIEW* &c. , ,., !

To redeem Time, therefore, the faid Atlieo4meiit$
Were immediately difcdffcd, arid upon fhe-Qiicft^on
rejedted \ of which they apprized him in lbc^crt}qw-f
ing brief and fenfjble Manner, \ H

• ■ ■ , ■ • • > > - -■■

■■:•_/■■■

4 May it pleafe the Governor^ > r;0 > f

* The ExcifeBiH now offered the G^v^i^iprhii
1 Aflent, being free of ail Qbjedjions a$ to RpyraJIn-

4 ftrudions, or Ads of Parliament, and the ftme that
4 » has heretofore repeatedly received the Royal Aflent ;
4 and no Reafori appearing to the Houfe why the

■•* Change (hould be made th^t is propofed by the
4 Governor's Amendment, they therefore unanimoufly
* adhere to the Bill, and defire it i^ay receive his Af-
4 fent as it now {lands.

4 The Bill for regulating the Indian Trade* being
4 an -Imitation of the Law ' for the fame Purpofe^

- 4 found fo beneficial by long PraSice arrff Experience
4 in the Province of the Majfacbufetts % the Houfe dq
4 alfo adhere to that Bill as it Hands ; and requeft the
4 Governor would be pleafed tQ re-confider his At
4 mendments.*

"... > .■ • , i . i .-

.Of this the Governor took no Notice, but proceed-
ed to Newcajile, as he had before intimated he vtfould :
And the Afiembly having at laft conquered the Dif-
ficulties raifed among themfelves, and pafled their
Bill for regulating the Officers and Soldiers in the Ser-
vice and Pay of the Province, adjourned to the 5th of
/iprit then next enfuing. ;

As this Adjournment was fo very Jhort, the Mem-
bers were permitted to have the fijll Benefit of it:
But when they met again newf roubles arofej not to
fay were prepared for them.
Sir William Jobnfon's Treaty with the Stpc Nations
, was laid before them : And they found the Governor
ftrongly determined to involve the Province in an In-
. dianWar with the Delaware* and Sbawanefe\ which
r a very confiderable Part of the PrQvince 3 from Prin-
ciples

RoBEUr H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 327

xip&s^of Prudence, l as well as Scruples of Confcience,
tt^ «&hidlly d*fired to avoid.
••Vllife'Afftir Was foon taken into Confideration ; and
the Houfe appeared to be far from unanimous upon
it : Some, from the Papers laid before them, finding
Reafpn to believe, that an Accommodation might ftill
Bfe^ffeftedi were for addreffing the Governor to fuf-
peikUife Piirpcffe for fome Time longer; and others
Ifattlhfluence enough to poftpone the Debate, and
ift&bby prevent their coming to any ConciuGon upon
£heKQtieftion at all.

; The Iflues of War and Peace, they might proba*
bty tfrgue, were, fblely, in the Executive: and oon-
ftqaently the Executive was alone to be aniWerablc for
the Ufes made of them.

-But ^whatever their Arguments were, whatever Ef-
fect they had within Doors, the fame Difference of
Opinion ftiH remained without. On one hand, fomt
of the People called Quakers* refiding in the City of
Philadelphia* on Behalf of themfelves .and many o-
ihers, prefented Petitions both to the Governor arid
the Houfe, full of Exhortations to purfue pacific
Meafures with thefe Savages, and to prelerve the Pro-
duce, if poflible, from the Calamities of an Indian
War: And, on the other, the Governor informed the
'tioufe, that a Number of People from the Back*
Counties had refolved on a Meeting, in order to prtH
ceed in a Body to mike fome Demands of the Legif-
Jatbre then fitting •, and, after having made a Merit
of his Information, added, u That, by the Advice of
the Council, he ftiould give immediate Orders to the
Prbvincial and other Magi ft rates, to ufe their utmoft
Endeavours to prevent? the Mifchiefs which might at-
tend fo extraordinary a Procedure. 11

The Houfe, however, preferved their Equanimity
6fr this Occafion : Surprize they did exprefs, that,
having in all Refpe&s demonftrated fo much Care and
Concern for the Security of the Province, any of the
People fhould meditate Mifchief againft them : But^
foftead of difcovering any Fear, they announced the

y 4 i*w*

Laws of the Province againft Rioter, and; aocampar
nied their Thanks to the Governor for his Iotciligeoce*
*Wtth i a-Requcfty. That he would, lay beforattoferadvihat
Informations i he had received c«Mo<:qrnih^thrir£Tfiews
or Defigns, or wherein they had apprehended thfem-
fdves to be cither negle&ed qr aggrieved;^ Which
Requeft he never thought fit to comply with. . ,v/ ;: , :
vJt. may indcpdvbe colle&ed* that xhtk, btfurgen&s
w«re as ftrenuous fqr War, asjtibe r^i^i^mttc^Jw
Beacc ; and that the Governor took Advantage of
-this very Incident to declare Ware agaitift the Dela-
<vwrt$2mdSlwzJanefe 9 and Offer/ Rewards for taking
Prifoaers and Scalps, which he did immediately
thereon.— -He alfo gave notice, ia Form, of the fame
*terthe Aflembly* urging the many and great Gruel-
ties on his Majefty's Subje&s within the Province, as
the Caufe ; and concluded his Mefiage in the follow-
ring Terms: ; ,

v * But as great Part of the Sixty, tfboufand Pounds is
,6 already expended, and what remains will very foon
?. be coofumed in maintaining the Troops polled on
■ f. die Frontiers, and other neceflary Services, I rtcom-
: f mend it to you, Gentlemen, to grant fuch further
c Supplies, as may be neceflary to carry on the War
f with Vigour, upon the Succefs of which the future
c Peace and Safety of the Inhabitants of this Province
. * will very much depend/ *

The fame Day he alfo informed them, *« That the
. Indians which had fo long fubfifted an the Bounty of

• the Province (inftead of taking Part in this, qow: War)
were on the Point of removing with their Families
(he was fearful, on iome Difcpntent, tho' he knew.of
no Reafon) into the Country of- the Six Nations % .and

tj had demandtd*of him the neceflary Conveyances and

Paffports." And he added, " That if they could not

/be prevailed on to a<ft with the EngUJb^ which he had

• clirc&ed- the Interpreter to endeavour, it would be ne-
.peflary to reward the two .Bartizans amtfngft them
f fiScarroyqdy ^nd Montour) to their Satisfaction for their

•TflPiabJe and Service, >fo fend the others way well fa-

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor, 329

//jySai, rand » give tbofe that fhould continue good En-
couragement."

The Houfe, in Anfwer, fignified in Subftance,
?*< That their late Supply of 60,000 L had fully eoa*
bled the Governor, and the Commiffioners who. were
joined with him for. the Difpofition of it, to do all
that was defired, or necefiary. to be done : That if
great Part of that Supply, fo lately granted, was aU
fsady expended, and the reft would fo<m be fo, they
knew of no Remedy : But that as the Affeflraent for
(inking the Bills of Credit iffued in Purfuance of the
faid A6t had not as yet been laid or levied, as a great
Fart of the Money was ftill in Hand, and as they
were foon to meet again upon the Adjournment, then
fo neceflary to their private Affairs, having waited
long for the Governor's Anfwer to their Bills, they
could not think it would be of Ufe at that Time to
lay an additional Load of Taxes on the Inhabitants :
They concluded with an earneft Recommendation of
the Bill for regulating the Indian Trade, as a Bill of
great Importance for conciliating the Minds of the. In-
dians yet unfixed in their Refolutions, and con firm -
. ing thofe already in Alliance with them, by fupplying
. them with fuch Goods and other Things they might
. have Occafion for, on the eafieft Terms, at the Charge
and under the Infpe&ion of the Government." — And,
in a feparate Meffage fent at the fame Time, they far-
ther gave him to anderftand, " That, having feri-
oufly deliberated on his Meffage for putting a Stop to
the Exportation of Provifions, ever fince they had re-
ceived it, and made a full Enquiry into the Circum-
ftances of the Country, they had Reafon to hope that,
under the common Courfe of God's good Providence,
, no considerable Danger or Inconvenience could arife
from continuing to leave their Ports ftill open till
their next Meeting : As alfo, That they propofed to
adjourn till the 24th of the Month next enfuing."

The Return to this was, That the Governor 6 had
* no Objedtion to the propofed Time of Adjourn-
f ment : That he thought, with the Houfe* thtftira&'

v TO*

h o

$30 An Hifirical R E VIEW, &c.

* no immediate Neceffity for laying an Embargo* on
■• Proviaowt That he fhbuW- Jay bef^c tte^Cdni-

* miffioners the Affair of the Indians now irt /Tifwn,

* and endeavour to fend them >a*ray ii^l>fensfied :

* That hdcxpedted the-Houfewouia have mate fottfe

* Preparations for executing the Ptan of Operations

* for the enfuing Campaign, bat as they ha* not^ it

* muft lie upon thdm : That as to the Itidian Tr^Je,
■■* and Excife Bills, hefliould copfider them againft the

* nextMefeting: And laftly, That he thought irpro-

* per to mention to the Houfe by- their Meflengers,

* that although he had had more Burdens laid upon
4 him than any of his Predeccflbrs in the fariife Time,

* yet he had received kfs frotA the Houfe than any of

* them/

Laftly, The Houfe taking into Confideration what
tthe Governor had faid relating to their not having
made Preparations for executing' the Plan of Operati-
ons for the enfuing Campaign, Rtfohed, in thefe Wordfc,
That as this Province has' received no Affiftance
from our Mother Country, and as we have already
expended large Sums of Money for the rai&ng artd
fupporting a confiderable Body of Men for the De-
fence of our extenfive Frontiers againft the continu-
ed Depredations and Encroachments of a favage
.and mcrcilefs Enemy, befides what has been expend-
ed in maintaining the Friendly Indians, French Neu-
trals, and in other Purpofes for the King's Service,
which Expences are likely to be continued for fome
Time, the Houfe are of Opinion, that the prefeht
Cifcumftances of the Province will not now admit
of their going into ahy Preparations for executing
the aforefaid Plan of Operations ; and that it would
be not only impracticable, but very imprudent, at
a Time the Country is fo greatly diftreffed by the
unjuftifiable Taking of indented Servants, and fo .
many of our Freemen are inlifted and gone away, to
fend fo great a Proportion of Men as is demanded of
us to fo great a Pittance, and thereby deprive? our-

* felve*

Robert H. Morris, Efj. Dep. Governor. 33ft

*■ folyea of their Afiiftancc, which we have too much

* I&afoh to think tfe fliall foon havfe Occafion for.*
-Thefe were the Tfanfa&ions of April 16th t And*

as thfc Jleader will obferve no Nottee was taken of
ihe^Mcrnor's Hemonftrance concerning himfelf, he
wilLfrocit thence, p£rhap$, be led to account for his
1-e-cpnvfcning them fa foon afterwards as the 1 oth of
.JMtf% he being thenabfcnt at a Place called Harrifs
ffffyi zn& having nothing more preffing to lay before
$hemr, than what is' contained in the following Abf-
tfa&of his Meffage to them upon that Occafjon : To

wkf

. * ■ ** That the People of the Frontier Counties weft-
ward having loft great Numbers of their fighting Men,
^nd the Remainder being either driven from their

* Habitations, or Worn out with Fatigue, there was the
greateft Reafon to Apprehend, the next Attack would
prodtacd the intire Evacuation of the two next Coun-
ties, Tork &nd Cumberland : That the Confutation of*
this deplorable and dangerous Situation of thqfe Coun-
ties* which the moft conftderahU of their Inhabitants
had, in the moft affefting Manner, laid before him,
Jiad induced him to call them together ; that the belt
and fpeedieft Means might be taken to prevent, if
poflible, farther Defolation : That the Law for efta-
|>li(hmg a voluntary Militia had contributed very lit-?
tlef if any Thing, to the Defence of the Frontier :
That he had obferved it was defe&ive when he pafied
it* and that it required fo much Time to carry it into
Execution, that nothing good was to be expe&ed
from it : That, though many Companies had been
formed under it, yet, for Want of fufficient Tower

* lodged in him tp order them to the Frontiers, they
,were^ as to*that moft material Service, entirely ufe-

-Jtfsj That he muft therefore recommend it to them

tp form fuch a Militia as might be juft, equal, and

-carried into immediate Execution, fo as that he mighf

♦ bt able to draw the Strength of the Province to fuch
Parts as flood moft in need of it ; and the whole Bui>
$en of defending the Province might not fall too

/ 3 j2 An Hiprical REVIEW, &c.

heavily on the few Inhabitants Whofe Circumftantes
ebVigei them to remain in the Back-Counties? That,
as by the lateft Accounts from Europe, a cbnfiderable
Armament from France was to be expe&ed iriifite-
tica, no# to become the Seat of War, and, -a^ the
iWtily would in ftich Cafe depend upon bcirigibip-
pljed with Provifions from the King's fcoloitfds,' by
the Intervention of the Dutch, he conceived a general
!Embargo would be neceffary ; *nd that it (hould be
"rendered effectual by fome fuch fpecial Lawa3 r (hould
l H thought neceffary by himfelf and the Governors of the
neighbouring Provinces, which he recommended to
*tbem to prepare : And that the Affairs of the Pro-

?~nce, and, in particular, the building a Fort at a
lafce called Sbamohn, which was of fo great Im-
portance to thfe Province, requiring his perforial C^re
'and Attendance, it gave him Concern that he could
*'iiot be then at Philadelphia: But that they might be
- laflured he would give all the Difpatch imaginable to
*any Bills they might propofe, which the Secretary was
"to fend to him from Time to Time by Exprefe/

* To give the more Weight to the Militia-CJatife^ a
Petition was prefented to the Houfe from the Officers
of the Aflbciation Companies in the City of Phila-
delphia, complaining of the Inefficiency of the p/dfent

"Law, and praying that a new one might be framed,
in which the Defefts of the Former lhould be ^re-
medied.

The Aflembly gave the Petition a civil but cool

"Reception; and, in their Reply to the Governor's

'MeflTage, furniflied the Public with a Brfe£ <l>f their

'Sentirrients and Proceedings on the preferit Occafion :

To wit. •' :cn

" . ;« That being met in Purfuance of the G'dvfetiuir's

1 Gall, they were concerned for his Abfence j : tfy 4he

Public Pufinefs could not be tranfadted asifciSu^ht,

* Where the feveral Parties were fo far afundef : 'Ttfat,
''•' ktfby the Joint Care of himfelf and theXomrmflron-

"ers, for difpofing of the 60,000/. the Frbtitier
*' was now in a better State of Defence, than that of

Robert H. Morris^ Efq. Dep. Governor. 333

any other Colony on the Continent ; tjie Forts being
^mmerous, all ftrongly garrifoned, and both Officers
and Soldiers now reduced to due Obedience and Dilci-
pHne by Means of the Aft of Parliament, which,

, at their laft Sitting, they had expended to that £ro-
vinc^, they could not but hope, that the diftrefled In-
habitants of the two Counties mentioned, might, by

V,th$ Blefling of God, become more fecure in their
Settlements, and, confequently, more eafy in their
Minds •, and that more efpecially as they underftood,
there were in the interior Counties many formed Com-
panies as yet unemployed, who were ready to enter
into the Service, and march to the Frontier, when-
ever the Governor fhould think fit to call them ; and
a confiderable Sum was dill in the Hands ot the
Commilfioners, wherewith the Expence might be de*.
frayed: That, as they conceived, the Marching tne
Militia to the Frontier on every Alarm, would be left
effedtual for its Defence, and much more expenfive
and burdenfome to the People, than their Proportion
of a Tax for the Maintenance of (landing Guards:
That, indeed, they had little Experience of a Militia
in this Province ; confequently, in framing fo new a
Thing as a Law to regulate it, their firft Eflay might
have its Defefts : That, however, as the Governor
did not point them out, when he pafled the Aft,
and they had not fince occurred to them, all they
could then fay was, That when he fhould think fit to
fend down any Supplementary Amendments, they
would take them into their ferious Confideration ;
which he, the Governor, might poflibly be ready to
do by the Time to which they ftood adjourned, then
not far diftant : That they had therewith fent him a
BUI for prohibiting the Exportation of Provifions or
"Warlike- Stores from this Province, which they
hoped would meet with his Concurrence, being in
.Conformity with the Law lately paffed at New-Tork;-
But, that as all Reftridtions made by them would be
ineffe&ual, unlefs the Lower -Counties (the Territory

at

334 'J* Bijlorical REVIEW, &c.

as formerly called) were in like Manner reftraineg,
they had referred the Continuance of jhejr Law; to
fuch future Aft as the Governor and Afferitbty of
thofe Counties fhould pafs for that Purpofe: Tfyzt
they apprehended a ftridt Compliancy with that; Law
Would be of great Service to the J9n//y& Intereft ; arid '][
therefore ear ne ft ly recommended it to the Governor,
that when pafled it might be carried effeflually into
Execution : And, laftly* that, as tjie Seaport re-
quired the prefent Attendance of many of the Merd-
bers zt their Plantations, they propofed to re-adjourn!
themfelves to the fame Time as before 3 when they
hoped the Governor would find himfelf enough at
Leifure to meet them in Philadelphia.'

Thus ©nded this Seflion of Four Pays i The P/0*
hibitory Law was. r pafled by the Governor at Harrfs'i
Ferry : And when they met again, they received
from the Secretary Two other Meffages frqm _tfr$
feme Place : One defigned for their farther Jmufement
at their laft Sitting •, but which arrived half an Houf !
too lape; And the other for the prefent, , , /'

According to the Former, c the Governor had/e-^
ceived Letters from the Governors Diwyiddie and
Sbarpe* giving an Account of. the miferable Gondii
tionof their Frontier* and the Danger they werem
from the Enemy who had penetrated as far as JVitl?
fbefter in Virginia ; he had, thereupon, redoubled his
Pijigence for the better fecuring the moft expofed
Part of their own-, but he was ffcll fearful, That,
for Want of a fujficient Force to take the ifitU* the
Qarrifons on that Side would not be able to keep off
tfie Numbm of the Enemy, which there was the :: ''
greateft Reafon- to expeft would foon appear in tHofi
Parts-, fo that np Time was to be loft in pre- "
paring, in fome more effe&ual Manner, for thejr Di*
fence. 9 ;

. According to the Latter, « All the Difpatclr hs
Had been able to make in his Works had not brought
them to fuch a Forwardnefs, a9 would permit him,

without

Robert H.Morris, Efg. Dcp. Goverrvon 225

without^cqjudiqe tq that important Part of the Pub*
lie ^eryipe* ;p l^ein Town, at their Meeting: Ha
hiad, Jipweve^ the Satisfa&ipn to vteli them, That k& '
had j^de^ Judgment in a very fecare Place upon
thCrRiv^r, beyond- the Kittatinny Hills (the Plaqe
frqi$ whi^ce, k muft be recolledfced, he fired his firft
Bea^op t(9 a^arm» or rather, diftrad, the Province)*;
This Secretary would Jay before them a Letter from
Gov$rnQ#tSfrarpe % with the Extracts of ao A& of hU
Goy$riyn$nt for granting 40,000/. fpr hk ^Vlajicftyfa
Seryiqe^ , only 25*000 /. of >t was conditional [Jo tiue
conditional Ads were regular in Maryland though, not
in Penfylyania') that Peyjylvanioiand Virginia cpntrif
buted their reafonable Quotas towards the, Expedition ■
it .was granted for : They muft be fenfible tW«e
woujd be w. *Pe$ce or Safety for thena [his old Argu-
ment], unlefs thefe Weft em Colonies united thpir
Strength in. making a well-concerted Pujb to diflodge
tfae French from their Encroachments : And that no
Time,M?as fo favourable as wjieq his Majefty's Forces
and thofe of the Eaftern Colonies were employed
ggainft them to the Northward : It was therefore to
be taken into immediate. Confideration, pnd he was
to he enabled. to give Qov^ior Sbarpe the expe&ed
Affuraqces, f That Penfyhania would, for its own
Sake, contribute accordingly/ r , :

A Complaint from Commodore Spry* that h$ was
in great Want of Seamen for his Majefty's Ships* mv>
der his Command, and that he expected a Supply
from thofe Colonies* brought up the Rear-, with a-R$-
quifitioa c that he might be enabled by Bouaty or
otherwife to raife and fend him as many as the J?fl>-
Tince.QpuIdffpare, which would be a very feafonable
and acceptable Service' . r , x 1 }^

In ^onfiprmity to foprefling and pjaufibte ft fyfef-
fage^ a Money- Bill was immediately ordered, and
fomc^Pjsogtfef* was majde therein.,— 5m{ Advicfcrhar*
ing .been ^received from Sir GfarkA > Harfo 4#d .-.Sir
Wiuiw Johtifan, j That the jD^W^^.ajnii Sfatfxxmefe .
iiacj j^r^iii fed to ceafe from Hoftilittes> axv& ^ra. &JU

336 An Bijtorkal R E KJ&fa ;:|c?., Jg0 H
ppfedjio renc^ and ftrength<m thw ,^ffi!^B?flj4
fjnendfhip, aWtfie Governor ("Jl^rw Iwy 1 ^

cuCidTX orfuch Me^iMresas might tepq to prij^^p
good" Difpofitjort' of the faid ^.^^l r fes
happy Iflue ": And with recommending^, yp the
Commiflioners of the 60,000/. A&* to eonpUfyTOth
the Governor in furniihing fucli Supplies o£ tyt^ey
as rrjight be neceftary thereto/-- — - T hey alfd agpn
put the Governor in Mind of the Indian Trade- tjjji,
uS often recommended to him before ; urging, c That
it might' be of great Service at that Juncture, by
bringing fuch of our Indians as had never been joined
with, and defired to be diftinguiflied from, thofewho
had committed the Outrages on the Back Settlements^
under the immediate Inlpeftion and C^re of the
Government, by fupplying their NecefHties /pa the
cafieft Terms, fecuring their Affe&ions, and induce*
ing others to come in for the fame beneficial Cionfider-
ations.'

A Promife tl> recdnfider it, this drfeW'ftbftifam :
But, as if he had refolved to fct his 6toh pAcb on
fuch a Service to the Province, he putthertf ift 1 Mlrid,
by a Meffage the feme Hour, That, ttiottgH the
Trouble and Expence of Adminiftration hid'bfectf 'fctti-
fiderably greater than in any former Timei ljf toyS#rhs
had been granted for bis Support finde' tlhtik } flfft
Seffion; and he therefore defired, they wotiHHafci this
Matter into Confideration, and make fuchf Ptofffion
as was agreeable to Juftice and the Praftfcfc of tf&rftier
Aflemblies/ <o

What the Governor's Cafe was with R^fj^i&tD
Revenue, and what the Merits of his Service* ifo&j be
collected from the Sheets already before us: S0 that
it will be enough in this Place to fay, That the Af-
ferfcbly could turn a deaf Ear as well as he; and, that
he, having given them to underftand, in his Mef-
fage concerning Sir Charles Hardf* Intelligence, and

the

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 337

tfcie^tift&jfion Of Arms, "that he had called the Af-
tempi f w' th<d JLower-Counties to meet him on the 4th
OT/0rt& }h order to render the late Embargo permai?
riw^ina effe&ual, by prevailing with them to pafs ^
LiW to ^Ke fame Effedt, and that he imagined Km
Abfei^i n foK Three or Four Days would be no
lhteAi0K>k ko their Proceedings, they adjourned them^

Betoft'they fep|fated, however, which defervea
Nbttcfe, $fx Members requested Leave to refjgn their .
S$i$ fdr dertain Reafons by them fpecified in a Paper

Slanted to the Houte at the fame Time : And s it
as, afterConfideration, refolved thereon, That, in cafe
they continued in the fame Mind after the Adjourn-
rtleht, and delivered the faid Paper into the Hands of
titit Speaker [in Prbbf thereof] their Seats fliould be'
deeittfed vacated accordingly.—: — *They did continue in
the fame Mind, and delivered the following Paper as
Prt>oF thereof.

,1.

1 * May it pleafe the Speaker and the Houfe,

,« A f^w Days fincewe communicated to the Houfe
•^puiTjInf ligations to refign our Seats ; in which the
c ( J^ofom^eared difpofed to favour us.
[,,£, ^hi^ ^petition of our continuing in thofe Intent
c , $qi$» <Joe$ .not proceed from any Defign of involving
€ ,$£ B^9ufe ip v unneceffary Trouble ; but as many of
%Q$r |Qppilitjuents feem of Opinion, that the prefent
^jSft^ic© of Publick Aflfairs calls upon us for Ser-
^ u v t kf§ in a military Way, which, from a Convidrion
c u ^. Judgment! after mature Deliberation, we cannot
4 comply with, we conclude it moft conducive to the
* v1 P^ce of our own Minds, and the Reputation of oar
•jeTjgjbua Profeffion, to perfiftinour Refolutions of
^{fpgning our Seats, which we accordingly now do *
* | and rcqueft thefe our Reafons may be entered on the
^JMihutes of the Houfe/

*ftie Speaker hereupon lent an Order to the Secret

l^v being the proper Officer, to ifloe Writs for fa

x1f Z < vw&\

w^p

338 An.Wftomid REV,1 EJV,&c, , -

many Re-Ek<ftk>ns v who thought fir?Q *efjife .Qlpf^i-
ence, thccGoyrfrlhojr^beiog Qf C^i#ip^ t^c,, ^of^^e
was an expfefs Provifim byi^^for &Hi#g# Ysf^y
occafioncd by -wilful AhfttHtu $m§i$i*$\ W^^r/^; ?
Vacancy oitcafionedby Rtfii^on.^^i ,?$&cji jhe
Speaker, by thS Advide o£ fog^ jitf^Dbf^qs wjyfjth^
4« Town, ifltied <bia eiiva^ri^^y^^^^ ]$e^f$?ie
Law, from whence the Governor deriv^h^pbj^jqfi.
Thefc Wtits ^Sheriffs Qb^y^5*^vS^?J , i^f)Gver

they migho hfc?e been i aip^rxiAnjedj Wtji jto j&ft ffW£T a '
ry * The Frecholderis eser>c)fefd ^inRig^s of^e^ng
in Purfuaftce <i>f them : TheRe^S* w^&^a^ift jhe
iirfual Fdrtm : And the Hpufer^etpIvpd a j^A^ Q?».
That the (Member? fo returnee! jha^ bqen^uJK e Jft$£d.

Thus the Breach was clofed as foqn as, it >w^ fram-
ed •, andv whatever View the Governor 'bacl^ fpyve
by/his Oppofition, he neither :d$ W^f^ lL pf; 3 Y ( ^ws
a#y , Seiyiee by it. , • 'r;.i- f! , - ivV^/^b. ■

His Mefiage, introductory to the BMfjqe^ 3 ftf |he
Seflion, contained a Notification of the Kipg'p hav-
ing appointed the Earl of Lopdotyi, feoppppflndfift in
Chief of all his Forces in America* wiUij\Tw^j^gi-
ments of Foot, a Train of Artillery, , Stog^sni^ff^^nd
commanded him,, the Governor, to give his, ^t^^ip
and the Troops all the Afliftance in his Power^ pprr
ticularly to recommend it to thgm, to apprppi^ttjc ftich
Part of the Funds already raifed, or tq^ b^\ ffyfcd,
for the Public Service, fb as to beifiaed asjh^^rd-
Ihip fhould dircft. As alfo pf anpthejr Gtfcy^(|:gpce
altogether new in the Britijh .Cpnftic^ipR^^niplys,
His Majefty being enabled by Aft of PajJij^i?^ t®
appoint a Number of German, Swifs r Aix<\;Dfficfa^or
teftants to be Officers of a Regiment to b^ riijfed/and
called the Rtyal * American ♦ Regi roent-^j^. ? fi c ftf of

- } \ : ' ■ c.r. imffvr

* This American Regiment was to confift of 4600 Men': It was

iaving be&h bli^e

fome Abatements were admitted ; namely, TiiaUhe foreign Officers

mould

RoBEtff'H. Morris* EJq. Dep. Governor. 239

tinting ^ftfctifar ReifitnmendaHon which lie was en-
]6m&W m&fce t5 thertV That the Matters of.iuch
in&tifaA Sefmnti as 'fhtiuld Engage W the i King's Ser-
^ideWgW bfc irideiThnified out of the Funds raifed for
the I FwflcStrvice. And the Nature >of this Review
i^urfB? Th"4t tffe Ss^uel df tfci^Mefl%e Should be
gt^tn^ik tfcfeKS^ettiorV own Words* which wefe as

V/c( lf^M^efty hte-fttirtt^ir comrn'anded^ me to ri-

* '1d6ittitiif6id'lt ! td ^ou, ! topafs effe<9iiat Laws for pi?6~

* hftritlrig aW Tt*ade arid Gommeree with the French
*• kM WpreVerft thfcft Wing fuppKed with Provifions ;
*'^d'Wtlw Law lately paffed here for an Embargo

* *vilf ? bf ihe -Expiration of the A<ft> for that JPinrpofe
*jMed inthe Lower Ctiunties, end oh the Seventh
•*'6r 5^/y, I hope you will prepare a propel Bill for

* 'efoiiti^yihg an Embargo, fo necefTary for his Ma*-

* jefty's Service, and the Safety of thefe Colonies, for
* rl Tortte^Pinie longer.

1L4i Tfife Secretary will lay before you Extra6te of
€ th^ Sectary of State's Letters to me* relating
^rt^'tfte 7 Matters now recommended, and I; hope
^iou^'\\VMtho\jit Delay enter upon the Confideration
' [t oi£\fh^m, and comply with his MajeftyY Expe&a-
f^lonsi^ 70 •' ' " *

;! >|* TpH^Moiiey heretofore given for the King's Ufe
^111 B6 1 Vtty foon expended, and I (hall in that Cafe
* ir bfe iirtder \ Neceffity of difbandingthe Troops raifed

* f&f ¥W J Defence of the Province, and of deftroying
^'df'&banddning the feveral Forts erefted upon our
4i Ity^tfihf; I muft therefore defire yau will grant
* r Ick^ fiirkher Supplies as the prefcnt Situation of our
< 'Wafts r&pire.'

' c \ Tb^heCtaufe relating to the Embargo, tht Houfe
crtwi^d an immediate Anfwer to be prepared ; in
which, having told him what he could not but know

fliouilnot exceed one half of the whole Number ; that Room' iho old
be left Tor (ome Americans ; that the Commander ihoaid be always
a natural jx>rq Subjeft, £sV. " '

Cf

t

61

340 An Hijtorical REVIEW, Zzc.

before, u That they had already done MhitrMi 1 now
required of thrift* by a Law ftilt ift^re^r^nd^hich
woald have fo continued till uA^fs/t +* ( she* lftm«£ li-
mited by the Law of New-Tot^kj provided ' dittffdrtjt
Ztftttfr Counties hid alio paffed a Law corifof fhible
i!!^^" they proceeded in thefe Wards : 1x3/1 3fh <-,
*'lAs Provisions might be ew^iswted^frofweh^f^^
Cl vinee through /&*/* Counties^ not fufegeft-ttO' ©in
*< * Laws, and g*eat Quantities r are raifedithere^ <^we
44 Were fully apprized that any Reftraind <we«ould
^ 'lay upon our Exportation here would by ,no
** Means put a Stop to the fupplying the i£wte#<witfr
*fc Provifions, unlefs that Government prohibited the
Exportations from thence alfe \ we therefore -li-
mited the Continuance of our Aft accordingly,
* and we muft own the /Ifionijhment we were under*
ct when we found the Governor had cnafted a Law
^ there invalidating the Afts of * the <?/i^r Colonies,
" by limiting the Continuance of their Aft; to one
44 Month only. o; .^

'* As our Aft prohibits the Exportation of Bro-
** vifionj in Conformity with the Law of New-* Xdrk
** Colony, wkh which New-Jerfifr we umieTftaiid,
" has alio complied, the Governor cannot think it
4< reafbnable, that the Colonies oiTSew L T$rk^ New-
• <f Jerfey* and this Province* fhould be 'deprived* of,
*' their Laws by an Aft of the Government; of the
*■* Three Lower Counties 5 therefor*, as thafc Aft w?as
** pafied by the Governor himfelf, we prefunluf^ ih-
" Head of applying to us upon this Oceaffion^ hewilfc
" think it his Duty to call the Aflembly of tteiThiee
•* Lower Counties, to whom it belongs >ta continue
*' their Law to the Time limited by the ttbev Govern-

r u It is well known that Maryland raifesigfeat
** QUaniuries of WJaeat, Pork, and otheirPbimfions,
c * and yet, as we ; are informed,, their Bbrts nhave
thitherto continued open to the Experts ? of i . IRro-
4 * vilions'from whence ; the Governor Will therefore
" judge the Neccflity of recommending a Prohibition;

v ''•* ^ thae r ,

.Robert, H. Morris, Efq, Dep* Governor. 34,1

*h$erfa\W&w* whteh, <wttapprcbeod the A&sof the
€ V Nar*bemijin4 fi*ft&n Colonies mull prove iaefc

TfhecRUit)F Supply -already before the Houfe, wa&
in the next Place, relumed : And to cjeah the Way
aafJkejfifcrent* a^ncwMeffaige wasfeottotbe Gover-
&m ton kttow*, Whether he had come to ariy Refolu*
tim imc the -Excife and Indian Trade Bills f To
which, to Bffe&, he anfwered, That t as to the Lat^
ter, he thought his Amendments to it ib juft and
reafcnahle, that he •* could not, therefore, rtcecte
from them : And, as to the Former, That he had
added & Claufe by which the Money to arife;by iti
wash «d be diipofed of in fuch Manner as the Governor
zwl Commander in Chief, and, in Cafe of his Death
or. Abfcace, the Prefident of the Council and the Af~
sfemWy ihould direct: Adding, c This Manner of

* dypofing' of the Puhlick Money appears to me

* moft conducive to the general Intereft; and you will

* obfeEve by an Article in the Proprietary Inftru&ions

* to me, which I fend you herewith, that 1 I am re*
4 ftrained from palling any Bill of that Nature without

* ffich: an appropriating Claufe.'

\ AAd. this Inftru&ion was delivered in the Terms
following : To wit. \

* You Jhall not give your Afient to any Law for
c prolonging the prefcnt Exeife v or laying any other

* Excife, or railing any Money on the Inhabitants of
1 1 thevfaid Province of Penjyhania, unlefs there be
S^kti enafltifrg Claufe y that all Money arifing from the -
Sifaidi Exeife, or other Duties, lhall be difpofed of
4 <v^r aswc or either of us, exercifing the Office of

* Governor, or the Lieutenant-Governor* or, in Cafe
^sefiiiadDeathior Abfcncc, the Prefident of the Coun-
cil* hand the Houfe of Reprefentatives v for the Time
4 beings ihkll diredt ; and not otberwife.*

o93i&fc the great Proprietary Secret, fo long fufpeded,
fe jfengrtad fo cautioufly preferved, and which had
operated &* mifchievoufly and d anger oufly, not only

34* An Hijlorieal R E VIBW^ &c.v ran A

tdthe Pr^vinteeiof PenfyfotrAwhiit att> the^Bilowces
adjoining, w^&t laft- aefcnbwttdged * ;:aodntirj|hft6by
beeartte tm&entebjidj That* under fiifeh ;ar£^tm0}ftn»'
jnfbrcetl by 1 ^ penal Bond^ >wppd~. the HoJdpr/^jt,
neither the Prbviftcfe could fccjprcwftfedviijtteb^g
fcrvedj or the InteVcft ofrheCtoimnriuisy rmiotaioed,
urifefs the Bremen parted ^ With ;(itkt\tiMirtfoIifgiits 9 <
and the fpeckl Confirmations of theracontainetil^tUeir
Cbarttr. - j : - ' •'* ' • .-.^'.i /:.vj; .ir- m :m^!A >
And it is equally to be wondered, Tlbatjanjt $#w
Subjefts in the King's Dominions^ fliould poe&tie to
exaft fufch Ccmeeffioris from ^ thpq* ; Fdlo w*S«bjecfo
as his Mafcfly hirnfelf neither has* or naa^ oany
Claim to; and that any Geatiemin fhould fofc^it
to ferve them bo» foch equally tyaaaanical &nd forifile
Terms. ; •-■ : < -•' . *■ *-. .- ■ . r; .?v/.r>..i v..:

' The Refokitiofis of the Houfeiicreoa wefo worthy
of the Occafion, and as fuch are cqwltyrffitatlpyKof
having a Place in this Work. ,<i: , *

* Refolved, .u - «;&■■. ., '

* That iris the Opinion of this Hotlfe^ that the faid
c Proprietary Inftruftion Pros the principal if ^oti.the
? only, Obftruftion to thePaffingithc feverat Bills ;pf-
4 fered to the Governor by the laft AlTcmbly Ite gmnfr-

* ing Money for the King's Ufe. >i ; -

* That the Aft for laying an Etfcife^ctoyiWine,

* Rum, Brandy, and other Spirits,: pafledran, the
' Year 1 744 y and the Aft granting Pwc^houfdnd
'Pounds for the King's Ufe, pafied; the K24jth,of
'*- June^ 1746, by which the faid ^Aftfqrn laying^ 4n

* Excife cfrrWine, Rum, Brandy and other Spirits,
Cl was continued for Ten Years next aftero^hfeliifft

* Bay trf June, ; 1746, have received the: Rbjftk&g-
ion; "*•<'*• ' ..■ ' / 1: : ,.r.- ■■'•? * h no duI.< ,

That Afts laying an Excife on fpirituous Liquors
<' havte been found neceffdry .for defraying -the -Change

* of Govtmment^ andhave been .continued t^wi^hin

* 'ribs Prtivinci for more than Thirty Yeamitffltd

8 n f that

RoBERT.H, MdRRis, Efq. Pep. Governor. 343

* that 7 chH Governor's not. paffing ths BiH pfeljeot^. to*
V , lto- r< ^oricbiiciniteg : iJae i ExciIe 9 upgji^he Term&^f*
c &lJfbarrfor^ier Ads,, repeatedly approved, of by ; thfc
V'Cdtfwtoj.' firiifo an Apprchenfion thae h# is^eftraiiwi,
^by^theifaid Proprietary Inftruftion, is eyaGve ^nd *
4 firitffcloifti! andanliafringement of ourjoft Rigbjs .%

4 ahd^ thkty' as Deputy-Governor of thi§ Province,,
c b^M^^or ought tab#ve> full Povyecsjo giy;e, ^

* A (Tent to all fuch Bills as we have an undoubted,

* Rig^tft© offer, y j > ; M

^ '"• 1 ' < Thiae the faifl Inftrqftton « <c is recalculated t&
4 protadte the Happtoefsand Profperijy ;of this Prq-^
4 vince, and is inconfiftent with the Prerogative q{

* the Crown, and the Liberties of, the People ;" and*

* that all Proprietary Inftrudtions, not .w^ranteJ by.
4 the Laws of Great-Britain, are illegal and void hji
4 . thcmfelws; Neverthelefs, if -the Governor Oipuld
4 apprehend hirafelf bound by fuch Prpprietary 1^

* ftru6Uons, they may prove ruinous to the Province*
4 and of dangerous Confequence to the Brilijh Intereft

* in America.

4 That the Houfe do adhere to th? Bill for, con -
4 tinuing the A& for laying an Excife on Wine, Rum*
4 Brandy and other Spirits, as it now ftands, with-
4 out admitting the Governor's propofed Amendments
4 thereto.'

It how alfo became, apparent to the Province, that
tvtn the Tx)afted FneeGift of the Proprietaries of
v #60&//iWas not to be obtained but as it could be col-
le&fed ouc of the Arrears of their Qiiit flents : And
■thatK\foeing impracticable to collett fuch a Sum faft
enough *o anfwer the public Demands, the Deficiency
tbu\d fio otherwife be made good than by A6t of
^fiembly for finking the Sum. of 4000/. renqairyng
due on the Proprietary-O&er, in Bills pf Credit, to
'be.^jik out of jhegrawing,Payqi€flt$ as they Ihuuld

come in.- This, in ihort, was the favour applied

for on their Behalf by thtit^Receiver r G^ral 9 vyho
declared, at the fame Time, That he h^d confulted
the Governor on this Head, who had tx^xeffiA VC\*v

Z 4 v ^*&vc«.Ss*

344 ^ Bfiorkal REVlRW>*&$smo,>
Readinefs to concur with the Hopfe in ^re^tohk
Bill for that Purpofe : Not directly to t^A^j^felf.,
however, w4s this Favour applied for \ nor a&fa(jFa-
vour to the Proprietaries : That would ha$e J$icp be-
neath the Proprietary Dignity -, bui by.^iJnterpo-
fition of the Commifiioners of the 60,000/5 \iA6t—
The Aflembly neverthelefs gave Way to the Expe-
dient ; the Receiver-General had Leapt to bring in a
Bill for the Purpofe •, and the fame, with a different
Preamble, w&s palled and feht up to the Governor*
The Diflferericc is this. In rhzfirft? the Reafon afiigned
for the Bill was to this Effedt : " Whereas the Pro-
priet cries have been pleafed to make a Free-Gift of
the Sum of 5000/. towards the public Charge, Csfr.
whereof their Receiver- General had as yet been able
to pay but 1000/. ^° the End, therefore, that the
good Intentions of the Proprietaries in the faid Gift
may be fully anfwered, and the Public may receive
the immediate Benefit thereof, Be it ena&ed," &c.~~
In the fecond, Care was taken to fpecify, That the
faid Sum was to be applied towards the Public Charge,
and was given in Confederation of their [the Proprieta-
ries] being exempted from the Payment of their Taxes
towards railing the Sum of 60,000/. i

On the fame Day that the Bill was tHus fent up r
namely, the Seventh after their Meeting, they alfo
fent up a Money-Bill for granting the Sum of 40,000/.
for the King's Ufe, and fof linking the faid Sum in
Bills of Credit, and to provide a Fund for finking
the fame: And, upon the Receipt df the laid Bill, the
Governor was pkafed to fay, " That he would give it
all the Difpatch in his Power : But that he could, *K>t
fay when the Houfe might expedt to know his R?-
fu!t thereupon, as he was that Day going to j^sp-
Ccfile, in Order to meet th(j Aflembly of the fbree
Lc~jxr Counties." . ./ 7 ,,

''Notwithstanding which, the two Members to ;
whom he thus exprefled himfelf, were no fooner with--
drawn, than be fent after them another Meflage to the
Houfe : fignifying, '< That, by Intelligence he had

Robert Hi Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 345

te&tot5£ frorp two ikdians, Two Day$ before* tlie
W^tetli ^Indians were forming therttfelves into a feody;
i6^3fti^Ptt> "attack the Province about' the T* iine of
Harvsfti &c* Adding, 'If;, upon CqnqderatiiDi^
c 'tins • r Matter, any other Meafures ar^ neceiiarv Tor
* the -Public Safety, you will enable me to i^kp
' th£ih? u ■'■■ v/ - , ' '" v ' : \ > '
- TKui,' r *Hiiflequin'1ike,' he coultf play contrary
Parts In the fame Interlude. If a Supply was no|
given without Delay, the Troops' .were to be di£
banded, the Forts tieftroyed, and the !Fronti£r con-v
fequeritly laid open: And yet, with a' Stippfy in hi*
Hand,^ he could deliberately go (Jpoh another Ser-
vice: At the fame Tiyrie hfc cbuld alfo' communicate.
Intelligence of additional Dangers; and yet, with the
fame Supply in his Hand, Hq. Could- infinuate Want;
of Ability to withft'atiH them* r f

The AfTembly, in Faft, told him Tiji their ^RepJ^to
this Meflage, That, in cafe he pnffeff their Bill, he
would find himfeif ftifficiently enabled tt> take every
Meafure that might be neceflary.

What is farther remarkable, a Merchant of Phila-
delphia, who had fupplied. the Gar'rifons in Newfound-
land with Provifions for Six Years, and who had how
a Veffel in the Port freighted with the fame, could
not obtain a Clearance ; the Governor and Council
being unanimottjly of Opinion, That, becaufe of the
late Aft to prevent Exportations, no fuch Clearance
could be granted. A Member of the Houfe who, by
Order from the Navy-Contractor at Jamaica had, in
like Manner, freighted a Ship, met with the fame
Difficulty under the fame Pretence. Both made their
A^licatroh to the Houfe for Relief : And it was not
' only feefolved, That the faid A<5t was of the fame
Tenor with That of Nev/-Tork, and never intended
in any wile to reftrain the Exportation of Provifions
f6f hte; Majefty's Navyjand Garfifons^' nor could, in,
their Opinion be fo undeHtood, except by the moft
fOrt^Conftrtiftibn'thertof-, £ut; alfo. That, to f pre-
v^fit any* ill Confequences which m^Vit^ufe \c<otv

3 4& -An Wfiorkal REVPE^'Sce:*^^

fuch Interpretatibin, a BH1 ftioa^

prepared at the Table for expreily ^rtftitStmgfigfH^Bk^l

portations. : •>■ ; - • ■■ -.n: 1 „'-.■:' si 7/ vd A^mK

This Bill, When fiftiffted/ Was fenrnp \tfz]ferGbgKtf*>
nor, who protnifed to give it all the bifyatchifa^hiik
Power; and was followed by another tote k- x fm&&t\
Continuance of the 1 Embargo Aft 5 ^ with ^iltmliar
Qaufe of Explanation : UpbrvUhfe preftitttirtg^^fi
which, the Governor being afkfcd* by QrdfiKoti %&$
Houfe, Whether he had come T to ah^Determmatiofi^
upon the Former ? anfwered, ^ 6 That he had pead-
but not confidered it." And being farther pribfled 6n
» the Neceflities of the Service, according to' the Alle-
gations above fp&iified, faid* < 4 That, irt cafe tbe h&
giflature of the "Three Lower Counties did not dotvdinue
the Embargo, the fame would expire in a few-Days,
and then there would be no NecefTity of the fa?d Sup-
plementary Act \ and if the Embargo K&l of theT&r**
Lower Counties fhould be continued, be would have
it in his Power to permit Veffels laden with Provifions
or Stores for his Majefty's Service to fail at any iTime,
by the Bill the Houfe had fent him for that P qtffife"

Thus the Two Ships were to be continued in : Port/

tp wait the good Pleafure of #«0/^r Government 5 *' ancf

the Interval was to be loft to- the Service, iihtefs ,Y tke*

N Owners found Ways and Me^ns to actomrnidate

Matters with the Governor. I,: * 1!:f,:1

The Houfe, however, plied him with Another
Meflage, and* received fuch another ilYufbry 'fttilWVi" :
They alio again put him in Mind of the 40~6biK
Supply-Bill : And were told (notwithfl:an(Ji:h§ n ftis
preffing Metfage at the Opening of the &ffi$n|
u That he had not read it through; "but thW^e
thought it ftoodin heed of Amendments. 5 ^ 'He^ftb
told the two Members employed upon that Q$6#ffan,
" He w.as juft then fettirfgofffor NeW'Cd0^:' %],: Kx\A
they acquainting him farther, "That, as it wotirdbe
extremely inconvenient to theCotrntry-Membe^,- to
continue fitting till his Return, and as there livas ho
fiufinefs depending of *arvy ltr^CKiax^ bvjx what lay

Robert H. Morris, Efq, Dep. Governor. 34.7

before th& Governor, They had Thoughts of aid- >
jourtii% that Day {being J#/y 5) to jthe Second - ; 9i :
Auguft, by which Time the Harveft would be : marly
ovf^'* h*3 Anfwer ypats, VThac he had no Objeftipn to .
th'^r ftjdjinurning oyetf the Harveft^ $nd that he ap r
pFqwsll of the Time propofed/ ,>

Audi the Houfe, o& the Return o£ $h$ir M,effeng?rv
having firft refolv ? d, ".That any, ill Confequenetfs)
which might attend the Governor's ; not pafftng their,
fuppleiaaentary Bill (for exporting Jpr6vifi0r>s tor the;
King's? Service notwithftanding the Embargo) would
not lies at their Boor," did adjoarn accordingly.

After all which, on that very Day Fortnight,
{July 19.) in the very Midft of the tlarveit, did this
worthy Governor oblige the Members By fpecial Sum*
itionsfcO 5 meet him; the Occafipn of which is thu%
fet forth in his Meffage to the Houfe of that Dfty*

«-■'.- '.'' ' < - , • . . ' .

* Gentlemen,

€ . At your t Inftance I called the Aflembly of the

* Lo,wer Counties, and prefled them to continue the

* Prohibition of Frovifions and Warlike- Stores to the
* Time limited by the Laws of New-Tork, and Jer-

* fey, but they chofe only to continue it till the 20th
c Initynt, and from thence for fo long Time as the

* Legiflature of this Province fhould pafs or continue
c a Law for the like Purpofes, provided the fametlid
4 no£ -exceed the 2 2d Day of Oflober next. — I am
c thereby laid under the difagreeable Neceffity of cal~

* lingypu together at this bufy Seaf>n, in order to
4 Ea^e, the Embargo continued for the fame Time
^.tnatdt is in the Provinces of New-Tork and Jerfey\
^^djap the Ads of Aflembly pafled for. the Prohi-

* b^ioii <<rf\ Provifions and warlike Stores will expire
^.i^th'To^morrQw, I hope you will immediately en-
*l ter uppn this Matter, and give it all the Difpsitch

* the Mature of the Thing requires.— The Seqr^ry

* wi]l lay before you a Cqpy pi the A<5t of th$ ^ower
« Counties gqd ypij wilj,: by prqptt, QVaxxfe* \\v \!^

34 8 *An Hijlorical REVIEW, &c. '

* Law you n^y think it necef%y oft^Qg:?^^
c propofe, leave .me at Lifctcy ty^^

* fuch of' the # fog's Ships and -Fftm^ftfcf^ta

* employed in any Part of America, ai^d^p^u^f^

* Trade.of this Place, while 'the Embargo lafts, up-

* on the fame Footing it is in ;rJie -.other Bres$ Colo-

And the very next Pay the Me?cl^t^Q^$rs,
and Mailers of Vefiels then lying in tlie^ P^xrt^pfie-
fenteda Petition Jo the Houfe, '*, fettiqg^f^h f tfee
Damages ajid Lofles they had already funned. Jot
Want of being allowed proper CleamnGesj as, .aifo
the Difadvantages, Difcouragements, ^d Lofies
which the whole Province would *fpeciailj and >jxoa-
voidably be liable to* in cafe theErabargj^w^.tp t>e
continued for a longer Time, than by theJate -Law
was provided: Recommending Bands w\xh Juflkient
Penalties) to be difcharged only by the' Certifityfas ( of
the Britifto Confute refiding at fuch foreign PjQ^s, as
the feveral Vt fills and Cargoes were entered for* arid
configned to, as the only proper Expedi$$t>itp gn-
fwer the Ends propofed by fuch Laws, withal de-
ftroying their Trade, on whiqh the well*beiqg\$f the
Province depended ; and requefting fuch Relrefc.aijd
Affiftance in the Premifes as they, in their Wiijdop*',
Ihould judge moft expedient ; as no wife doubting their
ready and hearty Difpofition towards the general Goed
and Service of their Country." . , . I, ;

Fruitlefly difmiffed, and impertinently re-cooy^d,
as the Aflembly had been, within fo fhort a /j^inrvp,
a warrti Expostulation was the leaft that cQuld l?e
expe&ed upon it ; and yet the Warmth they(he$§d
was by no Means equal to the Provocation t^h§y l^d
received ; but on the contrary, was at once *% ^fro-
derated and justified, that their worjfc Ene^i^ qauid
not derive the leaft Pretence of Reproach ir^J^j

Jb\ ^

* Softon having little of Provifion to export betides Fto/^%h
was excepted by th-ir Aft ; Ne<w-York Having a tolerable w\^k6i,
be-caufe the Forces. took* i>fF a great Part of *fceir Pifcduftraad
Ftrginia and Maryland havi&fcYwtd \Y\s\t ?art& o^u ill this Time.

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 349

Fafts were in their Favour ; and a mere Recapi-
tulatWrt tif them was all that was neceflfary to (hew how
vfovt&tf&iihf they were treated v which will account for
thfc Wf&tibn of their Anfwer to the Governor in this
PMce^Stlir^e.

o 1 o j* %fyy ifpleafe the Governor \

4 On the 4th of May, 1756, the Legiflature of
*• \NtW^Tork pafled an Aft to revive an A£! more ef-
4 fb&w&lfy* -to feftrain the Expdrtatlon 'of Provisions
4 ahd Warlike* Stores from that Colony, to be in
4 For<* f6f 2 1 Days, and after that Time to fucjv
4 Time as the Legiflature of New-Jerfey and Penjyf-
4 va*fa fkould pafs A£ts for like Furpofes, provided
4 tilefe'Axfts did not exceed thred Months from the
4 faffing of that Aft, which was from the 4th of
"jAytdthe 4th of Augujt next enfutng.*

* S*r\Cbj?les Hardy having recommended to our
4 -Gertfcrftor, that he fhould lay before the Afiembly
4 %f t!ftifc'Pfbtf?rice > the Neceffity of enading a Law*
c of the fame T^rtor within this Government •, and
4 the-Koiife being; convinced that fuch an Aft would
4 bfe ttttally ufelefs, unlefs the three lower Counties'
* of'N&dcaftle, Kent, and Suffex (not fubjedt to our
4 J Eiaws} wire included, pafled an A<5t on the 13th
4 xSf Way, 6f the fame Tenor, and nearly in the fame
4 Wtads, 'with the K& of New -York, to be in Force
4 titi the 7th of June, and from thence -for fo long
4 Time as the Legiflatures of the Colony of New-
4 jfrffi "'*&& the Counties of Newcaftle, Kent, and
4 Stojjfacj upon Delaware, fhould respectively pafe
4 iLaW$*fdr the like Purpofes, provided they exceeded
4: ^0tPthe Time limited by the Law of New-TorJc

^notfthe <2 9 th of May, ttof I^iflatute of New -
*-j#Jfy^md an Aft, to be in Fofce from the Jirflf
4 BUy W "June to the firft of Mguft, and from thence "
4 for fo^ong Time as the Legiflature^ of the Cola-
* tfidfcffiNew-TQrk apd Penjyly^nia fhouW refpeov,
JbttveJyjpafe Laws- fo* tha likd'dPurpofes* provided

■;..;. *-.:,, ' i.ui inns % ^ xfeftJC

sn

350 An Bprhal REVIEW, &c.

they did not exceed three 'Months from v the faid
fkftDayof ' Auguft* \'V 7 ;/ : ? l '' ;

"*. This being the State of the LaVs layihjg p'Em-
b^o on the Exportation bf Provitidns' ahdHfriir-
like Stores ; firft,, ;by the Cdldtiy of Weti-YbM ;on
the 4th, then by this Goverrfrheht on the i$th : i ^nd
by New-Jerky the 29th of A/^> Tafl!; itisrtjpftbn-
kind, and give us Leave to, 1 fay, in our Ojiuii'on,
unbecoming die Dignity of Goverrti i neht, 1 that v in
thebo^ernorV lk\l Mfeflkge he (hbuid not #fcfe the
ieaft Notice of apy Law being ever pifTed ; by us
^for laying any Embargo withih this Port, but bhly
mentions his havii^g prcfled the ' Aflfembly otihe
Lower Counties " tq continue the Prohibition of
6 Provifions and warlike Stones, to the Titne Hpiited
4 by the Laws of New-Tork and Jerfey" as If no
fuch Lawhad ever been pafled by himfelf within
this Province ! What Purpofe futh a Conduct to-
wards us is to anfwer, the Governor belt knows.— '
But when he proceeds in his faid Meflage .to #rq-
pofe to us " to have the Embargo continued for
' the fame "Time that it is in the ProvinceVof "iVks-
c Tork and Jerfey" we muft confefs we are eMtely
at a Lofs to know what the Governor would 1 teean,
our prefent A£t coming precifely within tfr£ Go-
vernor's Recommendation ; being m^de irii Com-
pliance with the Law of New-Tork. If the LoWer
Counties have not complied with thofe Teirfris, ic
is not to be imputed to the Aflembly of this Pro-
vince, who have fully difcharged their Part to' make
the Embargo efFe&ual.

* We entreat the Governor to tonfider and rdjed
on the, Share he has had in the Laws of theXo^er
Counties, pafled by himfelf, which feem caffcutafed
to give this Houfe unrieceflary Trouble to ht> ^bjod
Purpofe whatever : For now when he has thdtight
fie to call us together in the Heighth of ourHk-
vefts, our Servants generally taken from u$, Wnd
the Country in want of Labourers, what has the
Governor been pleafed to propofe, but to pais an
* s • ' • ^ < Aft

Robert H. Morris, EJq. Dep. Governor. 351

c A£jt to continue the Embargo " for the fame Time
<c that it is in the Provinces of Nzw-l^prk arjd Jer~

<C ;/^Vi" w h*fih ^ ^^ %^ or ^d Limitation oi ov? pre-
*'JefltiJ±po} i it being; to have continuqd x^ad the.Lpwer
*. c pp.v\i\aes patted their Ads in Conformity with the
c ? J^a^ pf New-York* as thi§ Proyi F nqe : and Ntw-
C 'rfflJoki —^ a ' r ^y dpne) to the 4th Day off ' Auguft*
c ^^ntl^s jSfezV'Tork has not extended their Ad that
c w^ ^now of ^which^ vvill profyabjy become unne-
€ ,<;eiGrary on > the rrpQlamatioq pf a War with France*

* nqw daily expected) any new" A£t we cpuld make
4 wpuld only be to' ;contipue the A& of this Province

* to the Time it was^o continue;, which is fuch an
4 Abfurdity as we,pre(ume on Refledion the Gpver-
4 nor will not infi(t uppn. .

* But that no Time might interyene ? whereby the
c -French might be fupplied with Prpvifions or war*
4 like Stores from this Province, we, at our laftSit-
c ting^ put into^the Governor's Hands a Bill " to con-
44 qnue the Ad for preventing the Exportation of
4i ^P;rovifions, naval or warlike Stores, from this Pro-
ci vfnee to Cape Breton^ or to any other the Domi-
4C nions of \ the French King, or Places at prefent in

* Pof&ffipn of any of his Subjects/' to prevent, as
4 y^uch as lay in our Power, any Deficiencies which
4 might arife from the Condud of the Aflembly of
4 th? Three Lower Counties, if they fhould think fit
4 to invalidate the Ads of the other Colonies for lay-
4 iag a general Embargo.

4 At the fame Time we alfo fept up a Bill, intitu-
4 led, A Supplementary Aft to a haw of this Province*
4 intituled, Jin Aft for the more effetiual obftrufting
].$£ Exportation of Provifions and warlike Stores from
JvAgfj Province of Penfylvania ; which Bill, if the
^^pmnqr had patted it at the Time it ,was fent to
^I^j^jriyy, the Houfe, qt if he ftiould hereafter be

^afe^togiye his Afient thereto, would prevent all

_ , _ , be

^epipjoyed-inrany Part; of Amerka " and we have

^Rl^alep.to, give his Ailent thereto, would prevent
* ;i Pou$ts, r and give full Liberty to fend Supplies cc
^iXu^hof fi^ King's Ships and Forces as may

"<

3^ 'Mf^jloriml J&,E : KI*JkW&tx$^*&

'yjav^r endeavored to put t^^rg^S j£sMb*nl$Mki
c ;^e^ Jt^ lot?rett or Dignity. pf^^rp^k ito^OT-*
\Wfncdp m^any other Footing ijjj^i^uii)© tbb$ter*

r-.n r \

The'iwoi^mber^ app&fitqfM*H£K $\yo&&t<Gi>-'

ftr/tf Account ; and to^cqi^^,hte^.tliQw^'i<>qoiq
f That tb^Houfe chinfc KdhigWy* iiccfirfflft^'tlfat
Jhcre fhould be fqme ; Preaij&te to.^ie faid BiHyotfcoF-
^iiethofc wljto are not particularly acquaiftecti with
^our Affairs jgpy imagine that the JPropriejarics have >
jthereby^ given- -F^/? TjhQufand Founds over and abovse*
the Five Thou/and Pounds fpecifipd in the &£&fy&i
^gr^ntjng $f*gx %hqufan& Pounds, to the King's iJS ; .
jtbe Houfe therefore proppfc, that fince the G&ycr*o
go^ is averfcjtg. haying it mentionechin the ftseambfcj
that j*he laid FiveShmfand Pounds was gireirctipseiieo
j^jogrietari^io.CcNf0^m//>» of their being exemjfaxU
jfif m the Payment of iheir Taxes towards "faifing die v
^forefaid SumLof Sixty tfhoufand Pounds,; zkhouajtf-
the iaroe is exprefiy declared in that A A, wtfheuca&f *
Obje&ion having been made thereto by tbefioverf
jipr at the Time it was paffed, they wifi leave eurthe'*
j^rii jCJaufe of the Preamble, and inftead thereof* fai^*?
fert the following Claufe, viz % ..'..-> ^'* <#

, f Whereas the honourable Proprietaries of this Prch"
yinfe have keen pleafed, to make a free Gift of the^Sum-
0/J?iye Thowfand Pounds, for the Purpefes yaxdohr^
the Manner particularly fet forth by an A&ofQ&iatd
4ffeu\bly of this Province, pajfed in tbeTwenty^rinik^
Xearof bis Majeftfs Reign, intituled, An; A& fyf f
grant ing^the Sum of Sixty Tboufand Pounds ter^shl^

&ii*ig£ Ufe, v &C. ' -7«:anoir>

W .-.:■., . ■ • ■*■•[/:*..: ..& ; .-o

The . Governor: after reading the Meflkg^<#fc^
pleaded to^ofisret, :;,n^

* That bc:bcHevedtheHpuTe had m*ftiitf}e*ftdb$*'
* hbj&aefiagc j^hat he- had- no iiuentiQft^l#*3ttfo^

^^ i ~ ^ ^ Wiping

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 35 J

€ Wiging them, and rfiat he was forry to fee they had

* taken any Offence ; however, as he was about leav-

* if*g tfce Govern iftent, he fliould not return any Aii-
4 fwer to it; and that as to the Bill for linking Foitr
c Tboufafld Pounds > to be replaced by the Proprieta-
-• r\ts Receiver Glneral, he thought the Houfc gave
4 a gobd Reafon why there fhould be fome Pream-
c Me to the (aid Bill, and that he would take the one

* propofed into Consideration.'

The Refult of which Confideratiop was, the fend- .
inor down another Preamble in Lieu of the firft* fpe-
cttying the free Gift, but dropping die Confideration
of Exemption, without taking any Notice at all of
the laft > which otiier Preamble was unanimoujly re-
jected on the firft Reading.

That they were dill willing to pafs the Bill with their
own ftcond Preamble, they, neverthclefs, informed
the Governor ; and, in the fame Mcflage, they alio
defired to be informed, " Whether he had come to
any Refolution concerning the Excife-BiJl, and the
40,000 /. Bill for the King's Ufe V* And here the
Affair rtuck: The Governor remained mute; or at
leaft only anfwered the two latter Parts of the Mef-
fage* mStoout taking any Notice of the former.
<€ The Excife Bill, he faid, he neither could ox would
pa&VV And as to the 40,000/. Bill he fent it down
fo amended, by leaving out the Claufe for Taxing
the Proprietary -Eftate, as again rendered the Scfiion
abortive: The Houfe refolving to adhere to their Bill
as fent up, without admitting his faid Amendments.

So that, after all the Parade which had been made
both there and here of this prodigious Gift, the Pro*
vince was either to receive it in fo pedling a Way, as
rendered it in a Manner ufelefs ; or tlfe, tho* they took ,
it upon their own Credit, to releafe the Donors in Effcft
of all future Claim, by contenting to drop the Terms
on which alone it could be confidently accepted.

What is farther remarkable, during the Couffe of
this Interchange of Meffages, one from the Gover-
nor concerning Indian Affairs was fent to the &fiem»

A a >&!%

,-:.'2...

35 4 An Hiftorical *?&{$&%&&

biy, which wa3 altogether irrecpncileable v^ith th&
Vtfluch he had feqt them fixteen t>^s h$tk.^Wyt\\
be recollected, that on the 5th df 4 thie cUffent^rtth
ljuly % theWertern Indians* irt C^otra^^^ ^ A ithe
" Advices received from Sir Charles H'arJ^iiid ( §ir
William Johnjon, were to fall bri tH? Pr^viil^Vi ^Jme
_of Harveft : And now on theiifhih 06n$iroity to
ihbfe Advice?, fuch of the $df W^ern" M^p as
had attended the Conference^ betWcdi tli^^ Na-
Jiws and ;the ' faid Sir W. Jobfyqn, ;fiadf not tffif laid
T down the Hatchet A but alfo engaged to follpW the Ex -
1 ample of the .laid Nations in afTiflting us agUuMi the
'jpfencfr.— Nor was this all : A Number oitmSafyue^
hanna Indians, and Teedyufcung a King of th^'D^i-
t wares % had difcovered fq good a DifpofitidH; fc re-
turn to their Alliance and former Friertdfhip With ys>
c .that nothing was wanting but an Interview * between
Jiim (the Governor) and them ; and a proper Provi-
* fion for the Expenccs thereof, and the ftilm^gffuch
Engagements as the prefent Exigencies f thl^it re-
jqwire. . r

f Such were the Tidings now imparted "With 4 an
Affurance, that he fhould therein have ap^tfcular
Regard to the Honour and Safety of the ^rbf!ince.

To the Province nothing could be more ^rseable
than fuch Tidings ; nor could any Service. be" rimmed
ia which they would have la»d out their Mbneyniore
', willingly : But their public Stock was ^haufitecf.-, and
by the feveral Negatives put upon their Ml U they
were difabled from raifing more : Confequerjtl^ ^ere
as much diftrefled now for the Means ot ifta^ing
Friends, as before for the Means of defe^di^&'-thpin-

felves againft their Enemies. 5 "" J f ' { ] ,' ,

.,'.'. What Sum, would be fufficient f was tfefim 3 Que-
fcon ; The Governor being corifulted on £h£t;Hgad,
^fwered, " That he had made no Cat'c^tibftj; 4 but
^j^'med.to.fiim9.,thataboat 4 or 500 /. itoighlTe^ve;
t^r the .Expence would be the grea^' , 4i..^^9 u ''4
Be obgged to have a Bqd'y] 'of Soldiers i&jr "Jtfi r 3^a^d :"
The Commiffidners of the 60.000 /. Act wi^tie iiext

, ^ ' f 3dvifed

3

1 ; l r
i ' 1 ''Iff

^OBEkTH. Morris, i£/£. t>ep. Governor. 355

j^V:^\!K]chj'an() jUpon the Iflue oif all, they inade
^ufe^ 5 Jhis Incident to lay a brief State qf their Cafe
3 J^e^e J th<f Governor! in the ufua! Way pf Mefl&ge *
-j-in j WJ^icH' having expreffed their Satisfaction in die

JS^S. imparted, they proceeded as follows, viz* ]
* r ^pd in this .critical Junfture, when a happy If-
fqe piaTreaty With the Indians muft be of fo great

^ vAayanfage to the Proprietary Intereit, as weapjprfc-

*T>encJ the prefent Treaty muft be, we cannot naffer
./< ; pwfefves to doubt their Willingnefs to contribute

A tpwajds the heavy Expences the Province grdini

* iindef for Indian Affairs ; efpecially confidering'jihe

* Governor hasjuft now refufed to pafs our Bill for
4 granting Forty Thou/and Pounds to the KiftgVtne,

I * f^aufe the Proprietary Eftate was therein taxed, in
"'** cprjimon with all the other Eftates in this Pfovinfce,

* for their mutual Defence •. and has alfp refufed , to
/ ^continue our Excife Aft, foine Time firice expire^ ;
v c fp that the Province is greatly indebted, and our only

* remaining Fund reduced to the loweft Extremity.

rl r * .Under thefe Circum (lances, we made Applifca-

* tlQn.tp the Commiffioners, appointed by the Aft
^ for granting Sixty Thou/and Pounds to the King's
, c tjie, to know whether any Money remained in
,f, ,tfeeir liands, which might be applied to the pre-

«v,< ;j

] - f *7/%nCEipergenty ; but we find, that the Fifty-five
' woufdnd Pounds^ to be funk by the Provincial Tax,

T

,, f'is i expended ; that near Four fboufand (Part of "the
^ * it$t < Thoufand) Pounds given by the Proprietaries,

*, in Gortfideration of their being exempted from their

c f ^ -^are of that Tax, is not paid into the ComtniC-

* x * fiSners Hands ; and if the whole Surrf was paid,

*,oth e Pefets, already contracted for the Defeacfe of

Ij^JpK. ?P r pvince, are nearly equal thereto. Nqrer-

l^^th^l^s, u as Ve apprehend the Treaty jiropdFed to

- 3 vi^^ — ^^ tht Safquehanna Indians^ and the ffda- {

\\lX^fW £ ir> 6 teedyufcung, may bfe attended with^ft- j

rik*a<c

\

\ \-\ -. •;-■■ \t\ H T#3aoJI

, An Bifimcal REKJfcfF* &c& uo h orit

^ T c Metpb^ fent herewith* itfireAlfa to £jq&\£&
him, that if it va* pleafing W Jwn?*kthcy jfhbuklcaad^i
jppratp the; i6^> oi Augu/t;] Aodjhi$ Snfwcr wiSf

* ^fiat he {hould not engage -for/ rihe; Proprieiiatie*
€ contributing any Thing tow aiti 9b tie Expenses* that
^ c fBf)r attend the propofed Conference v d^tai Ac

4 ^urjpofe, he //hould wait jMi £&Jh>h\ or »? Bethk--
\'$em till, the whpte was expended* then take Ms
?,Horie and rids aw*y to NztoiTork to meet I#»d
4 V JLpudoti ; . and> that, *s to the Time ^Adjournment,
V he (hould nojt (ay whether he was plcafed or.dtf-
c " plea fed with it, but leave it kttreiy with the Houfe*

4 ^ to do as they ple^fed/ *

" t ,A Comp}imei>t from General Sbirlg tto the iVfc-
tj/jK?-oq his jbcipg recalled, acknowledging the •':#**■{-;
44 , pteted Inftwct* of f & w c ntributing towards, the Dfc-
44 )eqc^ o) his Majefty's juft Rights and Domipiohs,
44 and to allure tbm of his hearty Wifties iomthiir
44 Welfa^e, ,, without one civil thing to his iBroaHer
Governor, tho* the Letter is dirc<9ted to bkm r i&iht
only Remarkable of the Seffion hitherto/ ptinft—
ted: Andinjurioufly, wickedly, ard irapuderitlyijas
the Province has tx?en afperfed, no Voudiei; ofibit
authentic Nature can, or ought to be dilpefifed widtf *
. On the 1 6th, according to their Adjournmcntfithey l
met again : And the next Day they were honoured
with the Governor's Mefifage; which told themi in
the firft Place, what they had long: told each ootber
before, namely, * 4 That their Ireafury was exHaufttd: A
That the Troops wanted their Pay: That a : Supply *
was neceflaiy, &V." The taking and burning of ^rfi J
Out-fort on the Juniata^ called Fort Granviik, dadAc*
a good terrifying Ingredient in it : The reft wasfche ?
.Stuflf that he had talked over, and over, till JthciiBar y
w^s weary of hearing it; except that Major Rxtbdh- '
ford^ the Cpnjfpancliftg Officer it* that Provtnriessbf *
the new American Regiment thirftcraiCng, warite&Bal- \
racJjs for iooo Men; and Ahat his Recruits Being
chiefly indentured Servants, it would be necefiary for

Robert H. Morris, Efq. Dep. Governor. 257

the HoufiTto make Phrtifiori for the Payment of (tfipifr

Mafl3^«,ofor theiftefidtie of the Time eacih hid to

fcfciWybte^nforinuy to his M jqeftjy^s InftrudJoris.^ 1 J 1 1

^hv wextBay the'Houfe fertt tip their -RjfJ^V

9* The*toufe havd repeatedly 6fifcfed the : €bvtf^i;
♦j^iiilsdbr granting coRiiderable Sums to the Ki'Ag*^
' Ufe^to/wbich'he toe fefufed Ms Afifcht, brffigi^-
Urained by th$ Proprietories, av^'Yays^fl^hi-)^^
ioglaay Bills in which Heir Efim feto be f t4«P"jb^
wards i/j Defence. - We know of lib equi table W^iy[
06 railing fuch large Sums' as ate tfbW riefceflaf y, Tibt
by>& general Tfcx on all Eftates, r&l and pferfctoil.
We have voted another Sum of } Forty Ybvufohd
Fdundsi to be raifed in that' Manner, and are' pre-
wiring a new Bill to lay before the Governor fbr thkt
PJrpofe. But as we are, and mUft bfc ftill, of Opi-
nion^ chat the Proprietary Eftates odght to be'taxed
^mtomrnort with thofe of their Fellow SubjeSs in all
sthrrtft of the King's Dominions, for their" common
)BefanceiWt cannot omit a Claufe of that Krnd in our
Bdliv wkboiit Injuftfce to the King's other Subjects, y
pour^blves, our Gonftituents, and Pofterity; an^ we
ibdiidw, that an equal Number of Men, of anjTSeft,
Natiofl, Name or Party among us, will never be
cfaofen to reprefent the Province, who would be of
ra- different Sentiment in this Particular.
.«f lathe ntean time, we carneftly requeft the Go*
pernor would ufe his Influence with thfe Proprie-
taries 'Receiver General, to induce him to pay the
tfqqamiag 3dm of near Three Thou/and Pounds, yet
ibchcnd **f their Contribution of Five Tboufand Pounds,
-Hfhtkh by Law was tb have been immediately advan-
*cfed$*but is (till witb-beld from the Commiflioneri^
toltbe In jury of the poor Soldiers, whofe Piay is in
Amear for want of that Monfcy * the &fty-fhe *fb6n- x
ifomd Pounds we granted by the 1 faid Bill -for the'
IBagfciUfe being expeiided: >\^ - : v

gnisd *:\.:.:- ■: ' •' A a 3 ♦ lV ^\ • x ' , ,: iv: ?

9iii

•v

s :^ Wc at* fenfiMy affe&ed w$th ^^^ffifi^^tftt?

* 4& our Frontier Lnhabitantei; th<ttsgh m^wti^^

<* they are in amuck Utttr Situati^ £fe£i> jih^^f he

« ritigbbouniig^iPiiivinces, who are ^9*ij V»*tyfj$P

<f Eaeqijp And we Jiope, theyb9iay be j^jyfer^i^l

-•* »^orc fecure; by fa vigwoqs^B^rtioft gf ^j^rce

^irouf on Tpotr for r cheir P* 0re®it#i, hmk {&£> AttyQYr

r*!«nm of theEhertiy* ' '.-no J Inn .< x i ?d Mrfov/

.^ 7?be other Matters reqftmftftnsted i ;"S^iP*ij&H *he

n* Governor, we yiibcake into ^o^^#iic«^an4)>oBe

^ .\nw may be able to do therein Jvih^ever PPgte,^^

f expe&ed ofifc;? .•■.''...! v -,|;-:,» ; .' ;-: ,-. .-;..:■/;

M This was |he laft Barley betwegathe AfieiojHy of

2 Pwfyfofinia and Mr* Morris^ who' makes fo notable, a

^igore bn their life of Governors, Captain I><?#^ his

^utceflbr was at band ; and therefore he did notthink

jt worth his while to conapqfe a Reply, which, hs

might reafonaljly fuppofe npf body wpuld ; think'siwf h

Reading. . : -,-..*■■• ■

' ; r :,-'';ri.:'i ^

: Ghangt of Beviki according to .the Sc&is vPrpjw^
tyblitbfome!

^•Welcome ever fmiles,

? v»

i >■ . ; ? '"

And Farewell goes oug fighing ■ ■ , i ' ' 1 - !
fty& S&j kefpeare. v ? /!/

The ^hole Province feeroed to feel Ufelf relieved by
jthe Alteration of one iV^«^ for another.^— Hope, $he
univerfal Cozener, perfiaaded them to befeve, that
v^he good Qualities of the Man would qualify the, Go-
vernor.*— He was received like a Deliverer.T-The,of-
^cious ProprUiary-Mayor+artd - Gor poration y roorg $l?ati
.once already mentioned, madeaFeafl: for his.Encer-
takiofent} and having invited the A0erofoly >ft> par-
|#ke of it, they alfo were pleated to become firgitful
|W^gh *0 he of the Party. r ; ;- '

, : That the ftid Afletnbly fhould .songratuiajte ;$$/$* on
&i$ Arrival and j^c^m{th^th^:lkrmis a, royal one}
^£s* pefjtflps* nolmore than a de^nt ^nd re^eftfol
,, jt^iripirmQnt : And that they ihould aii^jS^ iftoni
<|he Excellence of his Ghara&er, that hi$ Admjnifrra-

tion

CapR William D*nny, Dep. Governor, $$q

t^ff'^viW be excellent, a fair and candid Inference.
Btftf? \m ; they ihould find 600 /. at *A*/ Za»* h* their
-T^reSflury to prefent him with as an Initiition-fc^
foky 1 ^ ftbttfcr of Surprize to all Readers of their
VBtb T ^ke. Tir^d they might be of Oppofifion
^ij^feafea to find fonit Pretence for relenting xurBut
KQ^tliey (hould find Money where no Money was,
would be beyond Conjefture. The Order, therefore,'
oti their Treafurer for that Sum could only beconfi-
dered as $ prefent Mark of their Goad-will, and aq
Obligation on the Houfe to provide, in fome future
Money-bill, fpr the Difcharge of that Order. * >

Compliments over, Government began.— -And in
the new Governor's very firft Speech, the Province yftas
given to underftand, " That the French Incroacfr-
ments on the Ohio, which his Majefty in his Declara-
tion of War had afligned as the principal Caufe of his
enrring into a juft and neceffary ; War, were within the
Limits of it, [which the Province could never yet be
convinced of:] And that therefore it was particularly
incumbent on them * to exert themfelves in the Support
of fuch Meafures as had been, or fhould be, concerted
for carrying on the fame with Vigour : — The State of
the Frontiers too, the Devaftations, Cruelties, and x
Murders committed there, and the Horror they excited
in him, made as good a Topic in his Hands, as the
fiack'ComtieSi and the Back- Inhabitants had done in
ttfs Predecefibr's : — Nay, thofe very Bach Inhabitants
ate brought forward in the next Paragraph; and^
whkt is more, left naked and defencelefs to a favage
L and merdlefs Enemy by an immediate difbajpding of

' *\Had the French For} really been within the Bounds of the

_ij Grarlt to die Proprietor, that would not have made the Support of

:h\th£\WaT;jM>re particularly incumbent on the A/Tembly of Pevfyl-

W5r/«,'than on any other neighbouring Government equally affect -
, t£ and incommoded by its Situation. For the Country was as yet
* 10 drirthafeited : The Property of t;he Soil was in the Proprietors ; who,
v 3n iF it ^oiild be recovered from the French, wpu'd demand an4 re-
i:;SJCpjy$ exorbitant Prices for it t of the People. They might as juftly
n , ^e t^Jd^Thac the Expence of his LauMuit with the Proprietary of

JMarj tap J, for recovering nis Right to Lands on that Frtrntlerf was

\fe j rn£/*rly incumicnt on th«m to defray. • "

^ " A a 4 v^

thf ,JProvtnrial Troops, wbicb y< as before* ^asi#*piH
j^Kafcl^ J&ppJigfi mitt

Ijl^lyrai^aibrAeirS ^b \o vm 10

tafcort*: If jMr, Morris had n5a0§the§^ep^tifi
^^ou)d'fiot < 'bav« carried on; th$ Xfe^eadJ o&Gbo*
•f^nt with jtnore Canfiftency : v Jjypr* ; ba^itOK^tie
fiwcptr sx parting contained Jnthe^Wpr^a^^xtct
^fiaj£mky and' Difpatch prey^ in youtjfciiupai^^
irfy T>e affured I will deny ypa nothing that; I can
grant, confiftent with my Duty to his Majefty, and the
Right* of the Proprietaries" it amqw&d to no mbre
t|)4n this, Do as my Matters the Propriet&fes would
Kave ybu* and I W *JI ( a Y nothiog to the conirary ! ;

Iris not to be conceived, that Men of {whkngMx*
perience in the Affairs of the Province (fo thfc Mem-
bers of Aflembly were chara&erifed by their new Go-
vernor) could be one Moment at a Lpfs fof theMtan-
irig of his Speech, or what was to fee appithendcdvin
Confequence of it. i v c *

They had voted a Supply of 40,000 /. bcfoteMr.
Morris was fuperfeded. They did not fit as ufualin ■
the Afternoon of the Day the Speech was delivered;
and tho* in the next Day's Deliberation theydropt
the former Bill, and ordered in another with a Blank
for the Sum, they adjourned the Day following with-
out doing any Bufinefs at all : Nay, tho* quickened
the next following with a Mefiage accompanied; with
an Extraft of a Letter from Lord Loudon ; J as. alfo
feveral other Letters and Papers (among .. the, lat-
ter, one containing a Letter from Colonel Armfttong
concerning fome Secret which was to b$ kept a Se-
cret (till) they demurred both that and thrteida^s -
more, before they came to aqy farther Reib&tttofrc* :i
and then thpy agreed upon an Addrefs by way ofcAia* *
iwertQ His Speech, in whiqh, after a Par^graphrbr *
two of Compliment, they jdryly gave him to untier- J
Hand, ift, " That from the very Nature of their -
Frontier, which was fo extended that it in a manner co-
vei-ea the 'Three Lower Counties, Maryland, aad New* x
Jertiy> and confifted of ditmfei; $%js]mwty& #foa ,
n ■ ' Horrors

7 °*r

) C > i

Capt T^luam£>£nny, Dep. Gdvtrhor. ftff

Hoap&fche talked of* could not fce prJvcntt^/^^dfT
Tim wteftto ia fhefttr State 'ot^T^/t^'jHu
of tf»y of the neighbouring C6\bi&^t^l^n^^
En«bjq^^iy ttttildiiot but hople the Jnhamfin
woaidofe^tially fafe. Arid 3dljf/ Thitas^
Kteafo/^did jtfevatf iti their C6imcil$, r tfitj; tiMIX*
as Jfeu^as^ iii x^A^Pdwer- t6nW^tM\\ thwl^:
RigbQi^Mt the" Governor to afford tfi£ Pedpfe ■ &p
CoatiiUafice of th¥t Pfoteftion they to D tapch r (feixrfif
ueed^^r^: ' ~' ^ -f\ v— - -^^v/^
: Tfeey alfo accompanied the Taid AddrtTs' Wimj&e
following Meffage V'which was obvfouf^ of the : ftfafi
of a Poftfcfipt, caloilfted to contain the Bufii
pofely omitted in the Letter it hefon^ to*

: 4 May it pkafi the Governor y •— — / :r ^ ,7 ^^
^ As foon as we heard arid confideifed the Gpvertt-
4 xrfi Speech, and before we received his M^fa^5

* with the Letter from Lord Loudoni we tefolved ec^ 1

* give a Sum of Money for his Majejry's Service \ de-
4 ironftrating/bjf that Readinefs, that we are not hi>
c fenfibie of our Duty to the beft of Kings, nor of t&ej v
* , Neceffity of enabling the Governor at this critical^
c Corijunaure to proteft the People committed to \
4 his Care.

4 As former Grants of this Kind have been long

* delayed, or rendered ineffectual, by Means of latent
4 Proletary Inftru&ions, not communicated to us
4 tilt we had fpent much time in vain in forming our
4 Bills, we would now humbly requeft the Governor
4 to lay before us full Copies of fuch of his Inftruc-
4 tidns as relate to Money Bills of any Kind, whh the
4 i?raarnbles or other Parts that contain the Reafpns
4 pf fucfclnftruftions •, that we may, if potfible, avoid
4 a&Occ^fions of Delay in Affairs fo important, and,

4 that our Judgments may be informed of the E^u^ 1
4 or 2tffccdfi*y of Rules to which a Conformity is re-V

• quihdiv . -\ -<-; - x- j;/._;;^ 1 -

VFroffi theGovernbrts Candour, and fiheere fifeiire ^
4 to facilitate and cipecHte, by eVery Means iii JJus
4 Power, what is nceeffafy to the public Welfarev as

7*

i

362 An Wfiorical REVIEW &zW :j
€ well as from the Reafonabfcncfs of the TJiil^irt lt-
$ felf, we have no doubt thkt fee will Ja$&fa0b£*lh
•granting this Requeft.* •> -- - rmv/yj-:.:

- > The Aifembly was civil :^TheGov«fn<&4asK^
fal. As he would not grant all that was afkec^ hclre^
fplved to be as forward as poffible ia perfotntfrijg ai5
much as he defigned. Thus, on the very Day their
;Requeft was made, he laid the Inftruftions fe 4**efti° n
: before them ; being the eleventh, twelfth 7 and P&enty-
Jirjft Articles of the Proprietary Iriftruftions.
i Of thefe thje finft regards the Intereft Money arifirig
; Jcom the Provincial Bills of Credit, and the Money to
be raifect by Excife j and having by Advance afiTerted
a joint Intention in the faid Proprietaries, and the Houfe
of Reprefent a tives ', to have it "applied for the public
Serviqe, proceeds to ground upon that joint Intention
a Title uorzn.tqual Power over it ; then forbids the
Governor to give his Affent to any Bill or Aft of Af-
fembly for emitting, re-emitting, or continuing any
Paper Currency, unlefs the whole of the intefeft Mo-
n£y arifing therefrom fhould be difpofed of only to the
very Purpofes to btfpecified in fuch Aft, or where that
could not be conveniently done, by the joint Concur-
rence of Governor and Affembly for the Time be-
ing. And the fame Prohibition is alfo extended- ti> ill
Eicife Laws, except the Difpofition of the Morte^ to
lot raifed by them is alfo appropriated in the farti.e
Manner. ^ ^

The Second, having admitted that a fedf&kabfemd
moderate Quantity of Paper Money tended gtaatly to
the Benefit of the Province, as well as to the Trade- if
Great Britain, and that the Dangers of DeprefcSaticm
'juofe only from an $ver -great Quantity, ay thorites i arid
Empowers the Governor difcretionally, on ]#<ip6r 3H-
qriiry made, and proper Affuratice obtained of tli^ re-
al Utility pf fuch aMeafurie, tOthake ah Addition to
the prefent Currency of 40,000// w6re\^pi&ifo4
fttift Regard «was had toalLthte Ltmkati<^s v fp^iffed
'in the la ftradtton foregoing: And alfb, that effc$w*l
Care was taken that all Rents arid ^/^i?^r/^ dUe to
- { * the

Capt. vWilita wDjBNNTi Dtp. Governor. 46$

^fyfo^rproprittttrMi ftrtmkt be always paid accord-
ing iP*/S&Rate:0f£xt£tmgt at the Times of Paytterft
between the Cities of Philadelphia fcad London y by
JQKiVifyffimnt Protfifion in the very -Aft itfelE, or
^p^ifepai^e A<9t, n$ was done in the nth of StHe
$>refem , K\ng 9 whcjri i this farther Sum? of 1 1 , 1 1 qL 5 i.

t -i;y|Jkfl4» the Third relied to iht,Propietary'¥Atfi)t^
concerning which it afferted and ftfnaintaiaed, fcfl,
That the faid Eftate never had been taxed. 2di^r,
fha** over and above fuch Exemption* feverfai Arcs
were paffed, giving to the (aid* Proprietary a Support
by Duties and otbefr Jtovpofitioro. gdlyi That, finde
f he Expiration of thofe Laws* no Aid had been given
m the Proprietaries as fuch * notwithftandthg-wfiich,
they bad, on feveralOccafions, (hewn their Regard tfr
$fre public Service, by voluntarily and chearfulty ex-
pending feveraj confiderable Sums of their own Mo-
vi^y for the Advancement thereof, aitho* no Provin-
cial Tax had been laid upon the People within their
Tir&e, till the laft Year : So as that, not having any
-^QafoivtQfitfpeff die Aflembly would deviate fo much
fnQm>the ancient Ufage, as to pretend* by any Adk of
$heirs*« to charge their Eftate with the Burden of any
|iT&¥^! they bad therefore given the preceding <xo-
#s*qw>r no particular Inftru&ions on that Head. 4thly,
^j^t *he Affembly, taking Occafion of the Troubles
of America* had represented them in a very untrue
^ight^as unwilling to aflift the Public by contributing
* fo/the Bfef^nK^e of the Country, tho* no Application
4^ r; fc<^n .mode to either of them for that Purpofe.
rgrfllyi That the Bill they had prepared and fent up
^|Q^#ftpg 50,000 /. for the King's Ufe, by a Tax of
.^iLfiCfr -Pound, and 20 s. per Head, was a Bill of a
' ffqftiM^jfc and extraordinary Nature ; in as much 2$
olhj5 ( ^ftaft?s of the Proprietaries were imt excepted, but,
^fNMk© contrary, the dftffrrs were to acquaint thero-
L^i^iWA and procure the Atfaotmt pf jtfietr Eftatein /
I^gl^fl^^ *fl4 in*he fame Manner z& other Eftates
oiverc afiei&d and taxed in the wfcc&iw Counties* by

364 An Hiftorital REVIEW, &c.

virtue o(,j&e-fciid BJH-ji as ehaflidA iioft. Wastfftf) on

Rights of theXin^om, %< i^^gnan^tot^m^

7/

putting it in the Power of ^eripns wKbtljri^^
tl]t2|*eopte to tax their feffates jDp ^ tK^r^^^
art$jpeafc 0/for Perlbns, by taxing th$m fo ^UgJw^ ;
only to make up what might afterwards be ; waging g^
complete the faidSum •, as the taxing of unimfrcmd :
Lands yielding no Rent or Profit to tbe.Qwi$e$. ym {
highly unreasonable, and contrary both to tl^c P^4jc)?3
of Great Britain, and the Laws and Statutes ^iqc^%^
as, according to the beft Inquiries they c^^rn^^>?
neither the Quit- Rents referved to the Cxqwx^^^j
Proprietaries of any other Colonies, had [^£feta$*
taxed towards the railing any Supplies granted ipxfiofe
Colonies j Quit- Rents in general being i^dee^ io fg^ljLn
that little or no Land-tax would be pay^ble^f^ %-j
them, even in Great Britain^ where Land-tax^ .^re §9^3
nual; and as the Grantees and Owners of ibch Farms a
and Plantations, out of which fuch very ijp^ljj^^
knowledgments were referved to them, dicf,, Iq -f^H
of a Land-tax, pay for the Value of lutt tj^fir^^^H
Farms. 6thly, That tho* their Deputy ^ Gpvqr^r^^iv/
refufe his Aflent to the Bill, on the Affem^y^r^jQftft nl
to exempt their Eftates, they were fo f^f^op cj^ptos
ring not pa contribute to the Defence and S^gggfe ^f £rt
His Majefty^s Rights and Dominions, that i^f^^S^fiai
on the firft Notice fent them of Brfiddojk's Defe^ |V?jbd
fen; over an Order xo their Rec£iver-Genjeral r jtft pay
out of the Jrrearsjti their Quit-Rents jtlye Sfpi^^foq
5000 1 as a free^Gift towards the pefence $j$p$r<fr ) &
'!■::„: -'''"■' " " " ~"~ ' ' vince,

k

[W
Hi

f<*& «*d|)p»fe'ftie- , fceftit«6h JSnemf . v jmj* That tfefe
flkfe«d& *%66a£ - Ttf ty them giveii; ttasf, acd$-

ly and broportiQpar, t
\fyht0jM>rMgl<Me Value of another -Eftatcsi
^effly 1 .^^ 5 ^^^ to, for railing a Surri <C
#&»J>$t%," f hat%other Bill of th^ ■ Jamc m^
jffiW*m& for taiang u 55,ooo/. by a^ax; of '\$hL
Pehc^*^tic Pouiia dtvtlte clear Yaji^ of ,fU#fta^
(tlfcir£i#cejfted in Conjldetation of the faid ^^^Aj
thc$f ; tH?H ; Lieutenant Governor not being pfovided^
^th v pirticular Ihffiru^fdiis with refpedt to fuch Bilj»^
aiiti beC&ufe the Money was then requifite for the De-^
feftce o£ the Province, gave his fi^ffent: to. 9thly ? j
Tliat they, tendering as they ought to do, the tlien^
Ekigeftcjf of Affairs, and the Neceffity of a Supply,^
dkf ii#t ; tnake any Application to his Majefty for his , &
Rdyif DHallowance of the faid Aft, as at any other ".,
Thiife^cy ifoould have done, rothly, That the AJfefi
/{?^i|oBted by the Aflembly in both the faid Bills \
w&t f^jn Number, chofen by the People only* and >'
not ^8<f ! By them ; and tho* incapable of knowing the
vrfct V&lue of the feveral Eftates, fo to be rated and
tax^,~\wer<5 tmde final and abfolute Judges without
A^i^a? i ithly, That by laying fo great a Tax to
raifelbfthalla Sum, the faid Jjfeffors had it in their
Ptfwcilfc to commit great Irregularities, in taxing fome
Eifei&s 1 id their utmoft Value, and cafing others*
wHidh^buld be unequal and unjvift, and was fo r
m#b1i|H^rhore to be feared, becaufe they, the Propri-
ety^, 1M been informed* That in afleffing the ordi-
nal (Sftihty Levies on the like Plan, many Perjfans, ;
inft^wBeing rated at their full Worthy; had npt^
be»*it& at * fiftieth Part of it: '; ; :^^\^i
WA ttfefe feveral Articles (here'ftate^ in ^irluU ?a
Fc^e^Jw-fc fntroduced with a Whereas at tbk J^ad ^"
eacKv and at 1 implicated in one embarifecf fmmea- "

-J*

v j«6 Ah H$cric£ R E 1^r£ W, ; &c. ^
liable Period ; to which is tacked the Inf^M^ibn it;.
$tf* wirii the following Prearhfelcr : 70 3 'f 5 J +
diiif iAnd whereas the fard Aflew&iy &pp^^ife to

t vhave been iftclifttd hot only 1 t<^4dad arid^btirfJejiiDur
?* fcfbtes witir T^xes by tMpAbftorSy3

.* tfcary to foftner Ufage, bat fcifcW to chafgd the ^me
difproportionably, and in aft^nequafl Maimer, ,ifi, T of-

tf.jder to eafe the Eftates e( 6tMts> ythich j&^Mea-

S farewe are by no means Willing t6- confent tb : And
-*as the prefenti Iiwafioa of his Majefty's American
i 5. Dominions may make h riecefikry to raife fcn(thcr

* ^ Supplies for his Service in ! 6ur faid Provtrice^the
-* Aflctnbly may hereafter propofe and -offer Bifrs or
nf. A<5te of Affembty, to lay additional Taxfes Osteal

i 4 Eftates there: You are, therefore, hereby ttjquirtd
^ 4 . and directed, not to give your Affent to any pBl br

* * Afl; of Affembly of that Son, unlefs the Aft be
* made to continue for one (ingle Year dftly, ^hd no
Monger, &fo v /° ; "

Here follows a Variety of Prefcriptions and Pfofii-
bitions; fomeplauGble-, fome artificial ; tridkttftfy*
ing as a Shoing-horn to the great One-oFafIi\iih&-J&-
emftion of the Proprietary Quit- Rents, which w#sito be
rendered as exprels as poffible. « ! ->

That, however, they may not appear alrc^*^-
tra&able, one Conceffion is made towards the Oonc^u-
fioo, which is worth more perhaps than they T1 fu{>^o-
fed ; as it contains a tacit Acknowledgment %Wty in
Equity, they ought to be taxed like thfcreftr of their
Fellow- Subjects, and yet lefs than them tjWy^dwld
haye it underftood ; fuch Eftates 6f theirs, Wcojne
within that Defcription, not being like tb^rdi&ice
fuch a Sum as deferved to be made a provincial Ob-

; je& ; and the introdu&ory Part of the Para^rap^, as

- may be eolte&ed from the famous Conteft\*blbtWeen
them and the Affembly concerning Indian Eiji^ces,

: ju&ly drawing ; the whole into Sufpicion. :,'":

Thi$ is the Paragraph. Valeai quantu0^al^tfoitjt.
4 And whereas we are, and always have t>een;;moft

? f xwty a^d wUling to fcfcar a \u;ft Proportion 'along

■?*

Capt. WiLMAjp Df nwy, Dep, Governor. 3^7

! } wifii p^ll ^Tenants lin any neceflary Tax fdt thi Dd;
1 fence of the faid JProvinte, which fbalH be *qutfll£
' ^d^, upon, the Lap^R of the InhabUafits, arid ialfo

* yppty^ny of our Manors or Lands which are xtEtil-
< \r^Jk\ i$t jout on Leafes,: either for Lives or Yeats,' as

«* \ fceiqg Imitates in fonie Degree like corthcrfe of which
* ; tfip Inhabitants are poffeffed ; therefore you are at

* liberty to give your, Gonfent to any rtafonable BMi

* or iVA for that Purpofe, provided the Tax to be
4 paid ioxrjuch our laft mentioned EftatesibaH fee pay&-
4 bje by the Tenants and Occupiers, ^who fhalldedu6{:
4 -the fame out of the Renrs payable by them to us.'

It is remarkable, that through the whole the Lan-
guage is fuch as could indeed beconfte none bat an

.Qbjwute Proprietary ; all di&atorial ; all in -thief, as
JjorA Paramount ; as if there was no King in IJraei, nor
any Intereft worthy Confideratibn, but the Proprietary

t Intergfl \ as if there was no Occafion for Royal Injtruc-
iions, or as if it was impoffible any fuch fliould inter-
fere witli theirs •, and as if the Provincial Legiflature
w^s a Nofe of Wax to be twifted into what Shape
they ©leafed.

,,.- Slich were thefe InftruAions : And as to their Ef-
feet in the Houfe, it was fuch as was naturally to be
exjgedted : They faw a Controverfy without End be-
fore tfrem, prod uftive in its Way of all Mannet of
Calamities public and private, and to be prevented or
iKbftetied only by a Submiffion equally ruinous.

They faw this; and it threw them into Agonies,

I jtliQ* not into Defpair,

: ,'," T^e firft Expedient they made ufe of was the fbl-

:r Jp^it^g, Meffgge to the Governor.

-d() uA-^foy ** pt ea f e Me Governor \ ..

^ c ^he Hbufe have taken into their moil ferious
* "eration the Proprietary I ftftf unions relating

ft^thf palling of Money Bills, which the Governor

* bafc been p leafed to lay before us * and as We art

^«. fdyy convinced the ^refetitiinha^py CiwumCUnces

iij* /jfl^^iis Province rehire very latge and irtutfediate

n r ££&F$cs, **■ have; Uk^wife cQttSd^^i ttt^ &tf\&>

I

368 An ffiftmcal REK1 \£W> Hc.-^O-

f. whereby fuch Sums as we judge atablutety nccei&ry

^ for the Security of the Province raalp be &nk; rfcut

i Vryery Thing we v have hithertd been able* «o ptopeJc,

JxJnuft be rendered in a great Degree fruitldfe by r fh#e

* Inftru&ion* if adhered to. 1 v; .-orru.v

f f W* therefore requeft the Gbvernwl . wonkQf be

J tj pleafed to; inform us, whether be does* ootf>0ppre-

cf>ifewd bimfclfat Liberty, noswithftamtirig; the* laid

* Proprietaty Inftruffions* to pafs fuch equitable Bills
. ?n*$ we may offer him» if cohfiftept with. his. own

c c J**dgrnent* and agreeable to fuch Laws a& have
/been ena&ed by his Predeceflbrs, and received the
c Royal Aflatf.'

To this the Governor anfwered,
4 Gentlemen*
, • lam very glnd to hear the Houfe have taken, the
.-• Money Bills into their icrious Con fide ration, and

* the Proprietary Inftrq&ions on that Subject,

4 It would be with great Reluctance, elpeciaBy at

* this Time* if I Ihould differ in Sentiments with the

* Houfe of Representatives. You will be pleaied to
1 obferve liow I am circumftanced, and that 1 cannot

* recede from my Inftruftions without ri(kir\g both

* my Honour and Fortune, which, I am perfuadtd,

* you, Gentlemen, are too equitable to defire. v v,i ^
A Bill for ftriking the Sum of Sixty Mkmfani

Pounds in Bills of Credit, and giving the fattfte^jhe
King's Ufc, and for providing a Fund to fi©kv$he
fame* by laying an Excife on Wine, Rum, Jfcafidy,
and other Spirits, was the Refult ; iOjOOp/. of which
was appropriated as the Quota of the Province tonthe
general Fund for the common Service and Dtfeiicteof
the Colonies, and rendered fubjedt to the Orders; of ithe
Earl of Loudon v 10,000/. to difcharge;the -Debt
CQntra&ed by the Province for the Provifions furoiih-
ed for the Expedition againft Crown Pointy itfhich
t)ebt had been unavoidably incurred, and could no
ptfierwifebe difcharged; no Part, of the 1 tSrOQoL
granted by Parliament for theLColonies, having been
allotted toPenfybuania: jfl^nd the Refidue, after pay-
ing

ix#&Mh |JohttJ*dite# beer* CGntra6fed>iftn(oi fhe-Ek-
jpAdttort of5 tteei 255^000/. was de(Mned^fop thaoiuN

^^X^^'tWCoaiphi antt Apprc^iicMft of tb^'XJd*
vernor, and not otherwife, (houfc|jdirt5db- > T^inl *
ad t^wth^faW<Bi!l^a8 i>refented^©>^Q^ r erhor f
4&j9adfc>afc'o£th*i Anfyret of courier * That he Woufd

^te gbvfoJMJfaaiKte in his Pow6r i but aftcrs^rds
a^ef^hS{ftni>iWc%: Mefikge* ThSj ' Dlfficultid Wd!
mfeayt and that ftfei^fired a Conference wkh a C^ni-
mitfceeof the Houfe ift^rderto itD^flidiv of th^hi.'

A^€ott|tnittee was ordered aoeordingly ^ at l^tiicli
(S#>/. 13.) the Governor was pleated id efcpteft°£liii-
felf to the following Fuipoft, <ofai ^

< That although , at the Requeft4>f thfeHoufe. he
-tifcatl* liid the Proprietary Inftrii<9iionfi i>efo^^ them
♦with the utmoft Candour, yet he was fatprrtM to
c find there was a Glaufe in the Bill flow before fern,
& iptetfeby the Sumlm+M&iey (if any) was to be in the
^fiDf%crflS©n of the AffemWy, contrary to the feitl
*> Proprietary Inftnl&ibns ♦ That the Tferm for 6hk-
^Sngtfee Surfi granted to the King's Ufe tfas too
4>4dbg^«Ad would depreciate the Value of the Gur-
^tfeftG^': q That fo long :a Time was contrary to the
* Senfe'^f the Mifiiftry, and the Spiritof the Aft of
^jftarikftneht* which reftrajins the Eaftern Colonics
^ l ft«to^ikimg Bills of Credit for any longer Term,
itevt^tpdn the m6ft.i>reffing Ernergeftcks, than Five
^!¥teaft orrty : That in the Report of the Board of
^ftfwute On the Aft paSed by-this Aflfembly for grant-
ing tyMyThGufind Pounds to the King's Ufe, the
fceWwRiafon their Lordffiips urged for hot adviflrtg
SfihfcMajefty to difaHow that Aft, foa% the Shortncft
Jd^thgiiTime for finking the fame*; Hand that iltfcrc
*fim& twany Ways 'to fink the ^^ 3 gfan^to r tl^
ibK^V*J& by the prefcipt Bill; ^Hfic4it^xcenidik|
*nthfeOi^crfe for f© long stTime/ >- j - " }-•■ ^' jU
Aoj&jtht R^queft of the Q^gyftte^' he sdfo gav*

&.

#

r An BJlorical R E VI EW% fee. i-)

\u To the Length of the Term ofT#eflty>^Af£
|ar finking the faid Sum, 3s it niight %tiAai%& tfed4n^
tire Loft of the Currency, and a$ tfte L6rds «#fltoid£
had affigned the Sbthrtnifs of thfe Tkftd^lrfcferibe^ ih
the. 60,000/. Aft, 4s their RealBii fofr£ad¥ifing%fe
Majefty to give his Affent to it: i2. T&tfce iDifj^fi-
tiori of the Surplus- Money by the Aflembly^Mes^"^.
l^the fubjedling the 10,000 /.' givert as a Gfcfltiibu-
tion to the general Fund, to the^Order of Dtri-d Lou-
Am only, and not bf the Cortitriander in thief for 4he
vJTime being. " 4! Tp the Application *rf arty Part of
*ttxe Money to / the Difcharge of the 1 0,006 1i given
tor theUfe of the <>0^/^
Sum was iflued upon a Fund afready eftablifhe<fc> f

His other Objections, befog* of a left general Na-
ture, need not to be fpecified: And in thfe Xilolie of
Vail, That he might be thoroughly npdefftood\> hi farther
chofe to exprcfs himfelf as follows : Tti wit, ^ tfhzt
he had had feveral Applications made to hith frtKft the
Frontier j requefling the Aid of the Legifl&ttirtf in
their prefent diftrefied Circuriiftances : That the 'Eyes
of the neighbouring Colonics were upon therinf •, 4rid; a-
bove all, that the Nation of England were it* Expec-
tation of their granting the neceffary Supplies for the
King's Service : That he was forry to find the' firft
Bill offered to him fhould be fuch as he axM; not
pafs: And that he hoped they would focdnduft
themfelves as that he might make a /*m*#ra£&; Repre-
sentation of their Conduft to his Majefty/'

The Houfe, on the other hand, having takSnthefa.
Objections into Confidferatidn, appointed a Oorntttittee
to colleft the Senfeof the Houfe in Anfwer t& them,
which upon the Report was approved j and fenttlji to
the .Governor by the Committee of Conference^ ;*

And this Anfwef, fo far as regards th£ ObjafHohs

gboveftated, can be given in rto Terms fo ap^ofite as

their own, viz.

,.r ,.* I. The Houfe chofe,' at this Time, an ExtHe Bill

^ ^rather than a Land-tax Bill, to a^oid any ©ifpute

y/;r9^urtuihg ; tlie?r^r^/^^ii/r 9 and b^wft, as

4 k

Capt. $fyLj.uu .Bwvt £>ep, £ovc&nor. 371

.Ml^as a Mode of jailing Money they were ufed Ito
5fi&©dj ujiderftpod, the* Bill might more fpeedil^
fcfetlfiftd and brought to Eflfe<5t, fo ,a,s to anfwer
Ai j&fcfertJ prefling Emergency * and being in the farh
^rJForm with a Number of preceding ExcifeBiIli ? tha
€ :ii^itJ'feeeo paffed by former Gpyefopr^ gone through
A thVjQffices at Home* and received the Royal Aflfenti

* l&ey well helped it. might meet with \ no Obje&ronst
.v A TJ*e laft Time it pafled, ^the Term was 'fen
f y^ars. No Inconvenience arpfe from the jLengtfr
1 of that Tern)* .Could we hav<? funk the Stim wife
• c wanted by the Excife in that iTerm, .w^ftiouljd hoc
M define to ex£en4 it. Butwe expeft it will not y?elci

* more in Twenty Years than the Sixty ^Thoufdn^

* Pounds granted. The A£l of Parliament made for
*? tfee Eaftem Colonies, is npt in Force here. " Had
f the Parliament thought it fit that , this Province
fiitould be governed by that Aft, they would not

4 h^ye excluded Penfyhania out of the Bill, as they

5 aftaaUy did. Governor Hamilton had formerly of-

>f fered to extend the Excife to any Term, during

-J, j$bich we would load it with 1 bree Thou/and Pounds

\ip#r Annum, granted to the Crown. From whence

c we, concluded the Term of Twenty Years would

:? x no| be objected to, Sixty Tboufand Pounds being

^granted.

* Other Taxes or Excifes on other Confumptions

', might poffibly belaid, but we have no Experience

c of them : They will require a Time of more Leifure
** .to be well confidered, and Laws for colleding them
•^properly formed, fo as to be effe&ual, and not inju-
zfi t jpus to our Trade. If this War continues, we may

*? Ippp wan* them all •, and the fuoceeding Aflembly

V may take thofe Matters in hand immediately after
:tfotlteir, Meeting, fo as to have fuch new Excifes ready
u*:4ftforethe Money how grantee}, is expended 5 tho*

c we ftill think a well proportioned Tax on, Property,
ififtbe oppft equaland juft Way of railing M^ney.

• > >* Jf eyiery Maawhorpceived out; Trills "of Credit in
<£ payment, was obliged to keep them in his Hands
a B b 2 • <. ^

3 72 An n$oricalREVIEW*tetJ Jq*0

c tilltha End of Twenty Years, to be fuife the litrigA
c of the Term would occafion a pibpor^onabJe BepM- v
' ciation. But they being a legil Tender in ; *H P^~ '
' ments, and the Poffeffor able t& cbcthangc? tbe^Vnl-

* mediately for their Value, it is tlot Length bf Term,

* butExcefs of Quantity, that ttiuft occafion tfoefr
4 Depreciation; and that Quantity is by this Bill

* -yearly to diminifli. Befides, the Eighty Thdufiirid '

* Pounds we have out on Loan, is now to fink in the

* next fix Years, Which will greatly leflen our Ctft-
4 rency, and confequently leflen the Danger of the
f Depreciation.

4 If the Quantity fhould prove too great, whifch

* we believe it tHH not, a fubfequent Aft, laying
c Exdfe or Duty on other Commodities, ensealing
c the Duty per Gallon, raifing it; alfo from private

* Confumption, or obtaining Money by any other
c Means for the publick Service, may be made, arid
c the Money applied to the more fpeedy Sinking this

* Sixty Tbouf and Pounds. ^ /

♦ 2. There will probably be little or no Sorplda left*

* to the Difpofition of the Afiembly. People now*
c Jeave the Province fafter than they come int&Qt.
c The Importation of Germans is pretty much ov^f/

* Many go from us to fettle where Land r is \ cbtdpfr*^
. * The Danger attending Frontier Settlements: Will

c probably be long remembered, even after a-;Peic^
x may be reftored. And if our Inhabitants dirrrinilh*
4 the Excife will be lefiened inftead of being^in-

* creafed. — At its beft^ it produces, tommunibtis 'M-
c riist not more than Three Thcufand Pound* ptr'An-

* num. ' ' -'■ : Arrw'

' In former Excife Lawuhe Aflemblv have frasHchfe

* /Difpofition of the Whole. —They preferved the |>6b ! -

* ^ick Credit •, paid all .publick Debts ^unflftually

* every Year; and have nor abufcd the Truft^epSFed
'^in them. .,.-*< •>■■; , ZV7 >

* ■■'*■ The .Inftruftion is not a R^ydh^tfrofrutnryAr^

'$i&riu5tton, calculated to tR^blih arkitrary^ovirn^

'£ ~ofOit* among us v to diftrefs c^e ^d^^J9^/)r «ntl it&plij

y i ^ * * and

Capt. William Denny, Dep. Governor. 37 j r

4 ^njjv : p\|tit out of th$ir P0«ew to fuppott; tlwr <^/%-

* plMvtf a* Home. It would, moreover, deprive m

* -qC<* $!$ Right a?d Privilege, enjoyed frprn the^<#

* Mtfcmwt of the Country. ; i
r?; i3-^ Lord Louden is aNoblemao diftinguifltfd;!bK

* :t^e great Truft ihe Crown hath, placed in him* We
4 have Jikewife received a high Character of his la-
4 tegrity and Uprightneft, which induces us to con*
4 fide in him. The Chance of War (which FJeaven
4 prevent) may, aficcr federal RciCnoyes, givehiava

* .Suoceflbr ynknown to us. If it fliould be found :
4 neceflkry and convenient before the Money is ei-

* pfcnded, the Governor and Afiembly^cao at* any
4 Time, by a little Aft, fubjed: the Remainder no
4 the Order of his Succefibr, the Commander inCJbief
•for the Time being.

:■•*« 4. It is true, there was a Fund appropriated to
c Jink the Notes iflfued for the Grant xq the Croivit-

* JPfint Expedition, That Fund in a great Meafure
4 fails by the Lofs of one whole County to the Enemy,
4 , and the Abandoning confiderable Parts of other
V £Joi*flties,; where Lands mortgaged to the Loan-
4 Office are fituated. The whole Sum was appro-

* ^prnted to the King's Service. And if thofe Notes
4 Jhad not been iffued, that Affiftance could not have
?beei* given* as our Affairs were then circumftanccd.
4 /Ehfcy qannot be redeemed in due Time by that
4 Fand, without adding to the Diftrefles of the Pco-
4 pie* already too great; and the Publick Credit

bought to be kept up, as it may be wanted on fomei
fcfawire Emergency. Befides, thofe Notes bear In-
'tereft, and at this Time the Province is lefs able
^rfixnl ever 1 to pay Iptereft. We fhould now fave
JdB^oney by all Means in- our Power.'
yNl/tfrv The Fund appjopriated for finking the Five
b$h(wfand Rcwds* given for the Canada Expedition;
€ was broke in upon by the late extraordinary De-
- c t brands for publick Money. FiveTbmtfand Pounds
4 <wa« r ^iye» in Proyifions to Gmez&l Mraddock, and
-£\<qtttt iEum fJmfand Pounds more to cut a Road
bus Bb 3 * V*

V*

374 Jn Hiftoricaf R E VI EW, ^/^ .

* for the Ring's Stfvice* at the; ^n^ancei pt } tro^L Ge-
f t Wil* belkkfc Jarge Sums &r ibc ^ Mainterf^e 'of
^foitetf&jr extraordinary and expenfiye Treittfc^ es?r.

* telcatfexpeftedj dr forefeen when 'the Fund wia& fifid.
*Kf| way die refore fall (hort, apd the dutfi^($ng
*i£febts n6c pay the Whole .$ but* however, thfe Ppb^
•^lidc- Credit ought to be fupported* and the "n^W
afraid Excifc bitbc moft proper Fund to fu^l^.De'i
H^ienctesintheOW. ', ' " "' ''V^J

^-^ The Houfe<:4nnpt be fuppofed infenfib$ oP r the
^Diftreffes.of their Fellow Subjects on the Frbnt^h.

* Several of the Members refide there. They hotted

* they had in this Bill provided for thofe People xhe
*£Mean$ of fpcedy Afliftance, and avoided all Ob-

* je&ions. They fee none now of Importance enough^

* in their Opinion, to prevent the Paflage of th&Bilt

* -They grant, the Money freely to the King's [ } X3%

* and cannot admit of Amendments to a Money Iftffi

* They therefore perfuade themfelves, that thefGoVet^

* nor will confider the prefent Circumftances bf the

* Province, and the Confequences of difp failing tlfc

* Inhabitants, by depriving them at this Time 6f th$r

* Privileges* without which they would thrril: the

* Country fcarcc worth defending \ and that 'hcI'Mpift

* hot fuflfer a Proprietary Inftruftion r nenv* unjuft, ihd

* unfeafonabky to deprive his Majefty of a Grant fb

* large, fo freely given, and fo necejfary for his §efvice\

* and for the Prelcrvation of the Proprietary EJiate r as

* well as the fecuring the Lives and Fortune? of the
c Inhabitants, who prpmifed themfelves great fi&p-

* pinefs in being placed immediately under his Cjare
"■* W Prote&ion.* 2 l )

The Kings of Great-Britain have a Negative on
LaWs as well as the Deputy- Go vernors of Pehflt^a*
ma : But then they ufe it as rarely as poffibl^$!"£hcl
whenthey do, they rather demur than rttuf&V^Bot
the Deputy-Governor of Penfyhania* having no 2 fbch
ManageriWJts to obferve, thought the petetopjvry

; Stile the befl^; and fo feat down the Secretary mzh a
verbal Meffag0* which is entered in the Minutes of

the province in \tefe W qt&* •.

»3 I I^V

Capt. William Denny, Dep. Governor. 375
* ^THe Governor retarns the Bill, intituled, C A»

" 4^ftXor ftrilcing the Sum of Sixty Tboufand Pounds^
*j,j\n 1J5Hs*>f Credit, and giving the fame <ta,dh*
*' J£wg r S Ufe, and for providing a Fund to fink the
^jrais'ib to be emitted, by laying an Excifeupbn
" Wine, Rum, Brandy and other Spirits/ And his

* Honour commands me to acquaint the HfcUfei

* That he will not give his Aflent to it * ^nd*

* there being no Perfon to judge between theiQo-
Vvsrrior and the Houfe in thefe Parts, he wSB hi*-

* mediately tranfmit to his Majefty his Reafoos for
' & doing/ ^ .■-:-• -

The Remainder of that Day (the i/jth'J as it Way
be formifed, was wafted in a vain Difcuflion of *he
Difficulties they were involved in : For the Houfe
brojce up without coming to any Refolution. The
next was a Blank likewife : No Bufinefs was done :
Button the Third, having refumed the Confiderarion
of t die Governor's ObjeftiOns to their Bill, the Com-
mittees Report thereupon, the Governor's verbal
Mef-Tage refufing his Affent to the faid.Bill, and the
Proprietaries Inftrufiions, prefcribihg to the Reprefen*
tatives of the Freemen of the Province, the Modes of
their raifing Money for the King's Service, they came
to the following Refolutions : To wit.

* That the faid Proprietary Jnftru&ions are arbi-
trary and unjuft, an Infraction of our Charter, a

* total Subversion of our Conftitution, and a manifeft

* Violation of our Rights, as free-born Subje&s of
c England.

.- : . c That the Bill for granting Sixty Tboufanc\ Pounds
Vt^ the King's Ufe, to which the Governor has
£ ( $e£n pleafed to refufe his Affent, contains no-
■••: flhihg u inconfiftent with our Duty to the Crown,
$ or the Proprietary Rights," and is agreeable to
^ Laws which have been hitherto enafted within this
S ^vfocc, and received the Royal Approbatipp. >

B b 4 « That

-.4

• W. .V->AV^ ^

f$ A* B$orirtl &£&& MMfctiT* .iqO

rr c Xh^tfec Right of granting Suppli^ttfJ&t^divft
4 is in the Aflembly alone*' iw Aiifcndddrirtctatificilr
,*. pmftitution^ and the Ltmicatioa ctf alkfucKiGftnts
r ' : , a* to the Matter, Manner,! Meaftftt and Tkn4>?ts
,^qfliy.irttheflv .• \ '-auY tu'.? bnj, Aooo c o£

j " yr « That k is the Opinion of Ais Houfi^^tlfar'ife
i,$HU*y frivolous Obje&ions, which OTto Gn^v^fcnors
X; have, been advifed from Time to Timeiboiiaiafcc m
/ our Money-Bills, wre calculated:,with fh.3Scw.io
*,embafrafs and perplex the Reprefcntatives *rf: the
«• People, to prevent their doing any Thirig^eSee-

* tual for the Defence of &eir Country, and tfctereby
^j. vendor them odious to their gracious Sovereign,

* and to their Fellow- Subje&s, both at Home and

* Abroad. ^

* „ € That the Proprietaries encreafing their Reftridfions
,' upon the Governor, beyond what they had evdr
4 done before, at a Time when the Province tsia-
f vaded by the King's Enemies, and barbarous fFrtbe*
< c of Indians are ravaging the Frontier Settlcmeotsvatid

* their forbidding the Paffing of any BtH« wherel^
c Money may be raifed for the Defence of ths Inba-

* bitants, unlefs thofe Inftru&ions are ftri&ly complied

* with, is tyfannical, cruel and oppreffive,*.vrith Re*

* gard to the People* and extremely, injurious to the
c King's Service : Since, if the AUembiy fhould ad-
c here to their Rights, as they juftly mighty the

* whole Province would be thrown into Gdnfiafion,
4 abandoned to- (he- Enemy and loft to the Crown; ^

* The Houfe, therefore, referring their Rights fri
c , their full Extent on all future Occaftons, and pao-
c testing againft the Proprietary Ipftru&ionS \wtA

* Prohibitions, do, neverthelefs, in Duty toirthe
"• King, andfCompaffiort for the fuffering Inkabitarit*

* of their diftreffed Country, and in humble butftrtl

* Confidence of the Juftiee of his Majefty: ari&qa
€ Britifb Parliament* wave their Rights on this prefdat

\*< Qccafipo-only s and do further Rtfolvt r Thata^hew
:£ BUI be brought in for granting a Sum of Mouey to

* .} Urn

Capt. W?U.&to Dt'tf ny» Dep. Governor, g^

* ithe TKirigk Ufe, $nd ffiat the fame Wma^ cdhform-

* <abfe w*the feid Iraftrudtiom.* . ;i:> n £•

r-i BpdiVLiitw Bilk both the Sam aftd thfe Titfte^as
reduced Ane Half : That is to fe}v thfe Strn^ to
30,000/. and the Time for raifing it, by Exctfei to
l^nsYsart. ?f he Bill was icwmetltattly pfepated and
read, and the next Bay was fent ^p tc* the Governor* *
Vfhdj on the aoth v condefcended to figntfy* That- he
Mas/ ready to pals tfaie fame into a Law; providfe®; a
Ciaufe therein relating to the Fines arKl Forfeiture^ fad-
ing paid into the Treasury, was firft ftruck but ; <wKicb~»
urn Account of the prefent Exigency of Affairs, fcaVlng
beenalfo agreed to by the Houfe, the faid Bttl v #as #
oq the 21ft of September , paffed accordingly into a
Law.

Under thefe Circumftances* in this Manner, and
Sot thefe Confiderations, had Governor Denny the
Honour to extort this Proprietary* Sacrifice from thefe
honed, confiderate, able, fpirited Men, who had
>ftood in the Gap for fo many Years, and who had
clever been driven out of it, if it had been poffibte
for them to have faved their Country and its Confti-
tution too*

/fo the Cruelty of the Conjuncture alone they gave
Way : Not to any Superiority of Reafon in their Ad-
verfaries, nor through any Failure of Integrity or For-
titude in themfelves.

Of this, a fuffkienc Teftimonial remains ftill to be
given out of their Minutes 5 wherein are to be f6und.
\md it is to be hoped will for ever remain) the Re-
marks ©f the Committee, by Order of the Houfe, on
iiie Proprietaries Inftru&ions already before the Reader^
^arhich contain as full a Vindication of themfelves and
stheir Conduct, as is in the Power of Thoughts and
Words 00 exprefs-, and confequently as full an Ex-
'pofition of the Claims and Demands brought againft
them*

v -Too long, however, is this Beilbrmance to be
gira* m the Entire ; more efpecially in the Clofe of
lb long a Narration; and too Significant is it to admit

3 t&

dffaityAbridgmmit*: To the Appendix^.i^r^fpV^fhe
Reader muft he referred, if hv hw : a^Ci^iofitymTe^
irv where it is lddgcd, a$ a Reg^Uite, without ^cji
neither his Entertainment nor bis Information could
bfc complete. ? . J ~; 4

'It -will fuffice to fay in this Place r That it wa$,una-
nftttoufly approved of and agreed tp by the Houfc 1
Andthacxhc Houfe was unanimous alfo in R^folVing*
'* That it was highly neceffary, a Remonftrance
fttould be drawn up and fent Home* fetting forth, the
W&& State of Penfylv/mia*, and reprefenting the perni-
clout Confequences to the British Intereflv and to
the Inhabitants of that Province, if contrary to their
Charters and Laws, they were to be governed by Pro-
prietary Infimttions.** ,

The true State of Penfylvania, is now before us»— ft
is apparent the Affemblies of that Province have
a&ed from the Beginning on the defenjive only;—
The Defenfive is what every Man, by the Right and
Law of Nature is intitled to. — Jealoufy is the firft Piria-I
ciple of Defence : If Men were not to fufpeft, th$y
would rarely, if ever, be upon their Guard, — il#^#*
Chart a is apparently , founded upon this Principle;
My, provides, That Oppofition fhould be alv^ays^
Hand to confront and obviate Danger. — Penj( % ^t.
Founder of the Colony, founded it upon 7 Mwha
Chart a : And, as we have feen, the Birthrights of
his' Followers were rather enlarged than dimini(Hed by
his Inftitutions*— *That the latter Part of his, ?&Y$
Life, therefore, was employed in undermining _n$
own Foundations, only ferves to excite our Conc^n^
That fo few fhould be of a Piece with themfel ves^ ^hjj
to make him anfwerable in Part for the Trefpafies q

H#-H«i>i; ■ • ^ . * , T-T

"Fatally verified, however, we fee, both ''ift/ejjfS and
every Where elfe, the Fable of the "A* y which h^8ij
tfeen gratified with a* much Wood only as would j
it for a HandleVbecame immediately the Iritfrira^ent
to hew down the Foi^ft, Root; apd Branch, mf\
whence it was taken*. *■-' I > "^ '!: '

Capt. William Den** y, Dep; Governor. 379

'^ lit W^^paTent/ on the other Hand, That thefe
ffiffiei&i$s have a&ed ix\ offenjwe Part ; have let upf
toWfritniiible Glatnrti; have adhered to, them by jfrw
fttitftforiiytx more unwarrantable ; have availed thtm^
felvesof the Dangers and Difirefies of the Province*
aM r; i&pe it their Bttfibefs (at leaft their Deputies
hav^^po 'increafe the Terrors of the TimeS, pmh
p6(eij:io ^ unhinge the f^efeiit Syftem' ; and, bythft
Bint oPAfftfmptioris, Snares* Menaces, Afperfionv
Tumufts, and every other unfair Praftioe whacfogveiy
wouJd have either bullied or wheadled the Inhabitants
out of the Privileges they were born to: Nay, 1 they
have a&ually avowed this perfidious Purpofe, bjh
avowing and difperfing thofe Pamphlets in which the
fajd Privileges are infolently, wickedly and fooliflily
pronounced repugftant to Government, the Sources
of Confufion ; and fuch as, having anfwered the
§reat End of caufing^ an expeditious Settlement, for
which alone they were granted, might be relumed at
Pfeaftrfe, as incompatible with the Dictatorial Power,
they jiow challenge, and would fain exercife.

And This being the Truth, the plain Truth, and
nothing but the Truth, there is no need to dired:
tW Cenfures of the Public; which, on proper Lv
fbiWtion, are always fure to fall in the right Place. '
I 'the Parties before them are the tfwo Proprietaries
6f a Province and the Province itfelf. — ^And Who
dr What are thefe Proprietaries ? In the Province*

unfizeable Subjefts and unfufficient Lords.- At

Home, Gentlemen, 'tis true, but Gentlemen fo very
private, that in the Herd of Gentry they are hardly
fc^e: found : Not in Court •, not in Office - $ not in

Parliament.

1, And which is of moft Confequence to the Commu-
nity \ Whether their private Eft ate (hall be taxed, or

Province ftiall be faved ?

Ilicther thefe Two private Gentlemen, in Virtue
^ &ir ahjolytte Proprietaryftnp % fliall convert fo many
FeUwD^ubjetis, born as free as themfelves, into Vaf :
Oils? Or, Whtther fo noble and ufeful a Province*

3B0 'An Hiftoritdl R E VI E W % ^ip-"—--'

ihall for ever remain an AJjhtn for all that wilh to re-
/, main »s fretfa) the Inhabitantslof it K^ve, hifljerto, >\
made a Shift to preferve themfelves ?

'"• n/1 .- : "'' Sub Jtidiee Us efi. ' • ^u\ -g^-^noj

What Part the Offices here at Home havq^afceft la;A
this Controverfy, it will be Time enough to fpeeffy
when 'tis over: And Appeals rdpe(ftfully mi^ af^uc
a Preemption, That Right wilrbe ddhc. '
, , ,$ut one prcumftance more* therefore^ ^e^i^s
ta he added ii* Behalf of this perfecuttd Province* which
is, the Teftimonial of Commodore Spry, contaj$edJ» : -
the following Extra&s from Two of his Letters to one
-Mr. Lovel 7 a Gentleman of Philadelphia, arid top] s
him communicated to the Speaker of the Afle«nbJy; I
To ypit. t , f - - r:( f ■-' 1 '

* *Tis impoffible to conceive how much "I am v r -
* obliged to the Gentlemen of Penrifylvnniti fb|.|fe!f ;,;; ^
c ready Concurrence in fupplying his Majefty's Slip* "

. * in North- America with fuch a Number of Sraifrefy
4 at their Government's Expence ; and I mijft efarpti,
4 you to make my moft grateful Acknowledgments

^ v to your Speaker, and the reft of the GeMlem<$ con^
4 cerned in it.'

-■ :• i

4 I have joined Mr. Holmes, and we are now uncler
c Sail, with a fair Wind, for Louijbourg. Lafr Nights
c Ship luckily arrived with Twenty^nine Seame^taiSje
> from the People of your good Province: God btefe
* them ! I fhall ever gratefully reniembfcr *$& ae*
4 knowledge it. 1 have the Seamen all on board
4 fny own Ship, except four that are fick tft the

^Hpipital,; . ■ ... • .. .. , K ,; o: „., n , ti .

!?m; f , ,_i

.' •■'=... v- , 4 . - r .,. ; t } JJg ^. ^^ j

_A Fi 3» E N D IX.

Containing fundry Original Papers, relative to the feveral Points
of Controverfy between the Governors and Affembliea of

To tbfiHm"r*tk THOMAS PEWN, and RICHARD PENN, Proprit*

taries of the proyitife of Pcwifylvania, &c. ",, \

The REPRESENTATION of the GeneraL-AssembIy of the
faid Province* met at Pfiifedelphia, the TwentytWd Day dftU Sixth
Month, 1751.

* ^ '.* 1

May itfleafk the Proprietaries, . : *'

THE hrft Settlers of this Province unanimoufly concurred with your Worthy Fa-
ttier, to lay the Foundation of their Settlements, in doing Juftice to' the Native
Indians, by coming among them as Friends, upon an equitable Purchafe only : This
foon appeared to be the ©eft and fafeft Way to begin the Infant Settlement, by the Ve-
neration and Love it procured from thofe People, who kindly fupplied the Wants of
many, then deftitute of the Neceffarkes of Life $ and, as the Settlements iricreafed, re.
tired to make Room for their newGuefts, dill preferving that Efteem and Veneration,
which had been Co ftrongly imprefled upon their Minds. By this voluntary Retreat,
all were Satisfied, far there was Room enough for all 5 and the good Faith fo carefully
kept with thoie who were aeareft, gave the more diftant Indian Nations that favour-
able Opinion of us, which our continuing to acl on the fame Principles of Juftice hath
fupported to this Day : They entered freely into our Alliance ; they became the Guards
of our Frontiers- againft the French, and French Indians, by obliging them toobfervt a
Neutrality towards us, as we experienced during the Courfe of the laft War; and we

- have Realbn to think we now fhare largely in their AfFe£lions. But this beneficial'
Friend/hip hath neither been procured nor continued without a very great Expence to
the People of this Province, efpecially for, fome Years paft, wherein we find the Af-
femblies opened their Hands liberally to all the Purpofes of Peace, among
thofe who could beft, under God, preferve our diftant Settlements againit
the Depredations of an aclive and powerful Enemy ; without rliiclly en-
quiring at that Time? how far the People alone ought to bear the Burden of thofe
Expence?. But as that Burden became yearly mere and more heavy, the Affemblies

, were naturally Jed to requeft the Afliftance of the Proprietaries, and we hoped an Ap-
plication fo apparently reafonabJe might have their Approbation. We are therefore
much concerned to receive an Anfwer fo different from our Expectations, in which tha
Proprietaries &r« pleated to fay, * That they do not conceive themfelves under any

* Obligation^ contribute*? Indian or any other publick Expences, even the* Taxes

* were laid on the People for the Charges of Government s But as there is not One

* Shilling levied on the People for that Service, there is the lefs Reafon for* aiking any
' Thing of them. Notwithstanding* which, they have charged themfelves with paying

* to the Interpreter, much more than could be due to hm on any Treaties for Land,

* and are at this Time at the Expence of maintaining his Son, with a Tutor, in the

* Indian Country, to learn their Language and Cuftoms for the Service of the Pro-

* vince, as well as of fundry other Charges on Indian Affair?, That thty have been

* at co*6iSeraj>le Expence for the Service of the Province both in England and .here\j
t that they purchafe the Land from the Indians, and pay them for it j and that they

* are under no greater Obligation to contribute to the JfablvOLCta&t2t%'taa& "*w^^kl

I 4 Chief Governor of any of the other Colonic*^ _. ' _

3 8a A'PP E N;»!l^

. Upon which we beg Leave refpeft fully to reprefent to our Proprietaries, That the

•Preferving a good Underftandtng with tht Indians ^ more particujariy^dvancesthe J«*

tereft aiwf Value of the Proprietary JEftate than that of any otheV feftatef iff the PtotM*?,

it it gives the Proprietaries an Opportunity of furcbafirtg at ^ low Paioe, «nd iellirig at

liign Rates, great TraAs of Land on the Frontiers, which^wotrld bme/wile 1 be^im-

pracVicable. That therefore, tho" they may conceive themfelres under no Obligation

by Law, they are under the much ftronger Obligations of tiatural E^ljO^djAjiice,

<© contribute to the Expettce of fhofc'Indian Treaties ancfPrefents, by whicfrthat good

XJoderftanding, Co beneficial to them, is mainti^ed.-i^— ~That ^VfHT fawtellDuces

have not been laid in this Province during feme Vears paft, for .the Support of the

Proprietaries Lieutenant-Governor, arid defraying the Charges of Indian Treaties, yet

the Interefi of our Paper Money is a virtual Tax on the People, as ?P¥/f4eV ir ©fff of,

and is pard by , their Labour; and Our Excife is a real Tax, yielding about 'three

tlovfand founds ter Annum, which is principally f-xpended in thofe Services,, befides

the Tax of Licences of various Kinxls, amounting'tb cbhfide^abre onihs yearly,

which have been appropriated wholly to the Support of the Governor^ /That theAf-

fembiies of this Province have always paid the Accounts of our f*K&& interpreter for

bit Publick Services to his fun* Satisfaction ; and we believe future Aflemblies will not

fail to do, in that RefpecT, what may reafonably be expected from them, when his

Son (hall be thought qualified to fucceed him. Nor do we doubt th^ir'D^fchargfn^all

juft Debts for Expences properly chargeable to the Province, whethcT;madV v beTiror ifi

England x whenever the Accounts are exhibited. We are neverthclefs thankful lo our

Proprietaries for their Care in our Affairs, and their Endeavours to provide a weH

Qualified Suitelfor to our pfefent Interpreter,- as fuch a One may be of Service to the v

publick, as well as to the private Intereftsof thetr Family* ;. \ • w*-<h

We would farther entreat om- Proprietaries to -confidev, That their great £ flare, *»ojt
lying in Britain, is happily exempt from the Burdens borne by their Fdlow r SubjtcV
there, and cannot, by any Law of ours> now in bet np, lie taxed here. Tttsst thejrft-
fore, as they are not obliged, on Account of that Eftste, to bear any Part ofrtfce
Charge of any War the Britifk Nation may be invbrv'd in, they niay with u^mofe
freely contribute to the Expence of prefeVving Peace, efpeciaHy on the Borises oiiheir
own Lands, as the Value of thofe Lands fo much depends upon it.

We beg Leave further toobferre to our ProprfetarieSY that the^Acl: iorbiddbg:^!!
others to purchafe Lands of the Natives, eftablifhes a Monopoly fo)e^yjtt their Fa vpue^
that therefore they ought to bear the whole Charge of Treaties with tite /zrd^aut, for
£and only, as they reap the whole Benefit. And that their payiftg for Land (is^rht,
»s we conceive, much the cheaper for the Provincial Prefects accampa»yj©# .thofe
Treaties) which Land they fell again to vaft Advantage, is not a iathimot^ S^fofi
why they mould not bear a Part of the Charge of fuch other Treatiei, as lend\tojie
, common Welfare and Peace of the Province. <z\\\w*r. £vxv,<\

"' '^' M ; r *•};:•? '.j*-** ^P*i

Upon the whole, fince the Proprietaries Interefts are fo conftantly inremafweed^ jmce
orlefs, with thofe of the Province, in all Treaties with our Indiana AiHts^ ari<£fi#ce
it appears that the Proprietaries think they already pay more that*- thttr^a-rfe^awhtfce
People. (who have djfburfed near FhveTbouJ and Pounds within tbefe Jfourv^«ar»,y*m
thofe Occafiom) think they pay abundantly too much, wc apprehend that^tbe^fiuieA
Way to prevent DiflTarisfaaion on all Sides, will be, to fix a certain Proportion of the
Charge of all future Provincial Treaties with the Indians, t6.be paidjbjrithe^Fibfrfr-
taries and Province refpeclively ; and this, we hope; thr j wiH tm fnsthrf rmifak* luiqn
agree to, not only as ir is in itfelf an equitable Pfopofal, but as it may tend to prc-
^ c XVe tljattjnion and Haniipny between the Proprietaries and People^ ioiertfldmly ad
.i^nt^gi.QUS ^oboth. , v - - --v <K i'M ws^vV|ot

r "" ;>; : ' J ' "'■ ' J^'^/^'Of^^rtf-'-fl^^vAflftK^^^^Mir

n

. -■■<% w

, i^<^it

rf*jrit

is

?<*

A P P*'E

E 1 ffJiSf.Vi'"i-JB.f A-RIJE3

ER to the

N D I ■ X/

3*3

TV

agoing Reprefetitatiofi
'of the Houfe of Repre-

v>

rv>

ves.

%a,id before th$ Houfe \ May
^.23, 1753. ■

V

Q3E.NXWMEN,

REPORT ^^P^b,^^

T A R I B"« Anfwr,riiGo fo^

In Obedience to the Order of tU hi^^iu^
Committee have confidere4tbe ^tffa* flo-
tation made by a former AJfcmBty tqifk

\ Proprietaries concerning Inuiao* rfjfam*
with their Anfwer delivered i Jo? tt^
' Houfe ; /andjmce all further ^jppffiaifcu
to the- Proprietaries on the Suye&offyjg
Reprefentation is new forbidden, anfrfhh
feem to require that their Anfwerffihuftoe
put on the Minutes of Affembfy % hie \'$$je
of Opinion that the Reprefentation not Hi-
therto made publich Jhoutd accompany it,
with fitch ofthefoUovAng Remarks made
en each Paragraph of the fdid Anpiyer 4s
the Houfe fhall tbink*proper. \

1.

r. ' *~Y^ HE true and real httertfl of the

-' iw. People whom you reprefint is, as

it ought tohe\ the principal Objefi of our

Gmesrm WejbaU, on all Qctafions, Jbew

them that we have it conftantly in View :

We will ufe our utmoft Endeavours to pro-

*#rt it, at the Expend of Our own private

fortunes, whenever it appears to us ne&f-

fary\ and, in conftdering the Matter ofy our

^Reprefentation, /hall endeavour to aclfucb

a Part as would be thought juft, by Perfons

wbolfy dtfinterefted, both with regard to us and them.

ON the firft Paragraph of the An-
fwer, we fhall juft obferve r that
the Declaration it contains is a noble One,
and worthy of the Rank our Proprietaries
hold among us ; we only wifh that in the
prefent Cafe they had thought fit to give k
Proof of the Sincerity with which it is
made, fuch as would have been fatisfa&o-
ry to others, fmce our Aflemblies are c-
fteemed intercfted Judges.

a» That the Representatives of the People
Hurt not fo difinterefted, feems moft certain \
wherefore; jufpofatg they faw ibis Matter
in O-Light^uery different front that in. which
iti appears to us* and that they were not ac-
tuated by any intimation an the one Hand to
*ppoft ourhaereft, or on the other to influ-
omcethe weaker Part *f the EUBors by ap*

2 The Infinuation in the fccond Paw-
graph, as if the Aflembly were actuated'
by an Inclination to oppofe the Proprieta-
ry Ihterefts, we look upon to be injori-
ous *, and as groundlefs as the other. Sop-
pofuion, that the Members mi^ht have in
View their future E left ion, or" which We
fhall take farther Notice when we come to

fearing fceahus for theirs (which we would the fix th Paragraph, where it is again re-
truft and hope is the Cafe) yet we may con- peated. No Inftancc can be given of that
* time to* differ in Sentiments from them on the Aflembly 1 ! oppoung, or attempting toop-
ipfecjffity of the defirtd" Affifiancey without pofe, the Proprietary Intereft. It rather
siting Uablftto any Imputation of negle&ing appears that they thought they were con-
i&eem$rtftqf<the Province in the Opinion of fulting thofe Interefts in the very Point in
>tb*W#rld* u ; Quejtion, if it be confident with the Pro-

•^' ?■> i« i» : '- •.•;> prietary Intereft to have a good undef-

lk»fdrrie with the People i fince the Repreientation expreAy propofed a Method pf
fTpnmcMtmg Miftinderftandtngs for the future.

-i*^ fivAfier&tte had ordered our Governor
to give you the Anjwer, which he did l to

your former Application, we had no Reafin
t6*£pt8 4* Repetition of the Application di-
reclly to ourf elves \ as you might well f up-

n fqfewe had confidered the Matter before

we bad returned our fir f Anfwer^ and the

Repeating the Reaueft could only product the

Keptatmg tie jfii/wer\ the Occafion for

nvhki dwnot off ear to us. It is poJfible %

that

3. In the third Paragraph, the Reprfe-
fentation is treated as a mere Repetition of
a former Application, and therefore im-
proper, as " repeating the Requeft could
" only produce the repeating the An*
" fwer" : But the Reprefr ntation appears
to your Comn\\w** \& c^t^v^v^^ <i&\ ^*. ^

Com \ti ^v^>^ «* Xx >^ KsSjws^^^*
aa had \w%u ivN«a ^ot .i*to%^ ^

>tvJe&' lr aadyturjehes % and if that we>&a*be !&km» ft*

A*/ n&ijMj fit th'tr M&tttr in a dear ri&fj~fPm»**$ ^»Mfffi&m*m
&ffi 9 °fytfi? *' may mah 5*r Jtnfweri b> eHfefctinj* tot*&#&x *&** *? *»*«*

- 4i -Wiffi **^d^ W«^n^<f*e>

-i>

</mW *&* exmldvoijb) that the irur
%tftbc Mater *ay affe&r.-

9 \S'ttWnrt faafrtrtrjrw* Sentiments

Sffwek^iv*Jtfin>rfai&4rtwere under

it greater OhBgation to contribute to tbi u jfoat oui^%ie%^w%r

*tk Chargrr than am r Chief Governor Mi Wf|*ifft©<:dT»ff«M»tet!*F%iMfet

Mer Colony! fhaf<wasilfe Opinion *tMn Htf fJthff^X>y^rndr^ eW^Tdl

Retards of Trade, ivbtn, upcnanAp' ^^heW^gVCoK*1^*^^dferti«l*

'raffc* »ra4? to /£* Kfhg^yynanf confix prefurtfe foTuppofe th»fr L<K&ltfto coold

feflfr Inhabitants of the Province, that be otoly mean ,* that as G&rtrfcf m CfcfeFtti*

ntouU be fleafcd to give fozne Orders for Proprietary were riot cMfcg&t bp be*to\

their Defences the Counftt, employed by the and not; that a* PrdprJtftarhSr th«y v vlreri

SfWf/^Ar^^^^rg^iff^^,?^- not obliged in Eqyeity. T*e v fcftt«r$r&e
; '/&*/, IfanyfUch Preparations were Pdmt at prefcnt in Difpirf* b«torttfthe
necejfary, (Ar Proprietaries ought to be at Proprietaries ind Peopie of Pen>$htimhr %
the Expente of them : But their Lord/hips tho* in this Paragraph evadcfri.- The \Atf±
declared it their Opinion, *flxtt vje were fembly mention no ©the* ObBgatfewr ht*
not obliged to be at any Expente of that Na- fuch as in their Opinion -arffe* fttftri IfesA
her*, Wr* * fa* <**y otherGovirnor in Chief fon and jufttce j they !rei*^*tfomSt theft
if the Kings Colonies. Reafona to the Proprietaite<€ o si frtoi »ft

on, and from their Eqmty e*rtfy,<r!ieylMfe
a Compliance with the Requeft. The Petition understood as the proprietaries would
understand it, muft as well hold good among the Governed arthe &6vern4#s o£ tje
Colonies: For thou Id the wealthieft Inhabitant 'fay, he ought^q *paV W more to*
wards publick Charges than any other' Inhabitant*, he wonkP be ri^if^ cocr^dsWo^
him merely as an Inhabitant ; but as a PofTeflbr of Prdperty,' he -vyo^M tfe w ^ff ;
and therefore Laws are made, obliging fuch as would not Othtfwiifrl^a^td f**f*fy
Proportion to their Subftance. -'- .uizJiii* hp.K v<**

5. We arefenfibie that our honoured Fa- 5. The fifth Par^pn^<**i«3«*rt*fe
tber in the firft Settlement of the Province, to combat a« Arfferrf on t^ #ie<T^W^
tf«</ at all Times after, vjosftri&ly careful from the Indians vwre rtrath w^tW^A-

W ^9 Jtfftice to tbi Indians, and purchafed
Land from thtm before it <wasJetHed\ but,
vte believe f akways at his ovun Charge $ at
heafl ive do not find a jingle Infiance of a
Pur chafe having been made at the Expence
if the People. So thai vubat Share they bad
in fuch Pur chafes y <we are at a Lift to
knovoy other than the Benefits and Conveni-
ences ivhich arojefrom the mutual Exchange
ff friendly Offices *with the Natives,

pie's Money, As we fltfd *ntf fli efc *•*-
tion in the Reprefeh<tfib*| wfedrn&fMk
it neceffary at preterit to enquire ho is* ft},
or ia what In (lances, the People have hail
a Share direajy or r^tfWtt^iWfoeh
Purchafes, The ReprefttfhUofi e»f%-
timates, that the HoJrffe cehM^fJ^^TMa^
ties fot the Purch sfeefUlW^et^ ^*«
on more leafonableTeVm^ to ^h«t|1ioji1e<»
taries for the ProinnchrtB^fe^^t^^
panftn'g futh Treaties : j^o?tha^i**ai

■i
1 •

an acfditipnatReafon why the Proprietaries' monidl^ear a propdf tidiSa^lt'^t^^ IfW^
of the Expence of fuch Prefents ; fruce, befides their Share of *' the^eo^iflsW^^nie-
* r fits an<i Conveniencies, which an<e from the mutual Exchange ^f^t^NoWfjflief

• d^jL,

'fWff^FT,

Exxhangtt
*» with the Indians'* fhty reap a particular Advantage to rhemfel^^tejj 4
cetjfiderabJe One. This Reaibnw^ apprehend is not smfwered*!*
ip^h ( it is only eVaded", by changing the ^tate of the Qtfeftlotr. -
JS^??»iflA* /tbwprihy- the Dignity of the PfbpNetaries attdCWef

!ra- ' t;<^^ifiLiWaealffi*
^ euut*£$Mtrhl Ta^ buk Imd •«r c ^ki» \VA^^ >^\iA ^^taiSaA.^V*

k r b if d: IX? #£

tbmJ*wJmfiw Q&** t&dfr*jbat<we on the fu ppofed Equity pf the <3uV.i an^

faity^^^ that they would content t^tfftS^fr^

J^»*^0^Xffi**J**$ or, need to he portion tq be paid by them, wa$, projo/eii,

lit4***d {h <£&*?$* of Qo^ernment u- as a Means of preventing Difl^faSiqiis,

mounts to Utile mar* those the otto Half of between them and. the People, . To theft

the common and ordinary Revenue, thepref Points, this Paragraph oujy aniwers, that*

fing thus unfeafonably for our Contribution, the People are able enough tQ-pay theie j£k>

appears* we conceive, as an Attempt to in* pence* without the Afhftance of the ?v~o-

tte^w*^ of Jbe Peopk to imagine prietaries. This likewife fteme £o .Jam

j^fe^et^^S^ 9^ ^uncommon R4gaxd to ftarUnga newQueftion, and one that is

pjffy, Intetejk^asid t0 be therefore the mofl befide the prefent Purpoie : For t ho' it were

pqop^P#tfb$Lp be continued as their Re~ true that the People are able to pay, it doc*

pceJenteUt^ies i ^and the Matters which not follow that they fhould thtrcjojqe j^y

£ t the rather induce us fo to think, are unjuftfy, nor is it likely that they wilt be;

olept^sXepeUmn of this Requefl, and pleas d apd Jatisfed with Co doing , foj£

t$e&i^U ,^if i&w<V a Matter of great iuch a Rea&o.. The Proprietaries are*

Fqjueana' Goujequence ; the Ttme of making like wife able to pay, they have Revenue e-

jtjtg ^.Rtprifc* 1 *** ** JHft before an E- nougb, but they do not think this a fuf£-

logum* r and the printing the Report, and cient Realbn even, to^ov a Part j why then

n^e^a^rdinary Refolutions, which inert (hould it be thought fufficient to induce us

t^FmndatkmoJ fuch your Reprefentation,
it»your Votes n long before your Addrefs
COMld^hp-amt Poffihtlity, come to our Hands-,
f^f^tcb are fuch patters as could not efeape
10^Qbfers&t*W, and <wbicb would altn$fi
fafinatk:*** that it was intended as an
J&fccfsio the. People, rather than to us.

*. ti;

to pay the whole ? The Charge contained
in this. Paragraph, «' that the Application
" way only an Attempt to induce the
" weakeH of the People to imagine tha
" Houfe had an uncommon Regard to
" their Interefts, and were therefore, the
" moft proper Perfons to be continued
" their Reprefentatives at the enuiing E-
^^le^io^Vfyqiir Committee think an abfoluteMiftake, and iinfupported by the leaft
^jegree,pf , probability. For there had not been for fome Years, nor was there expect*
^ toh** nor has there fince been, ,any Conteft at Elections between the Proprietary and
jttpuJaj-^tfpeft^? nor if there had, would it have been neceffary to take fuch Mea-
^|e^, ,$Jie Proprietaries having, of late Years, no formidable Share of the Peoples
Love and Efteem. Nor was the fuppofed Addrefs in Fa& made to the People ; for
the Reprefentation has never yet been publifhed ; nor were the Votes containing thofe
$t^totioJB>vpuWiihed till after the Election was over. Nor is the Situation of an Af-
JWin^I Tf* ^jT* fo advantageous, as to make it worth his while to ufe Artifice for pro-

S*Ojg,avRjB-£i^ion j for when the Smallnefs of ihe Allowance, the Expence of
In^jJ^ Time Ke is abfent from his own Affairs, and other Inconveniences are
~ " e*l, jctpne will fuppofe he can be a Gainer by ferving the Publick in that Sta-

*b m *&** Occafion, it is ne-

that<we fhould inform the People,

b^yovr0 < v£j > their Reprefentatives,

o£M£* Coufiitution, our.CoufentJs

&ehf La*vs, at the fame Time

vp^undoubied Right to fuch as

» jj§r the Defence and real Ser-

°**t?'l i f° lt ewi ^ ten ^ *be bot-
tle

{federal Matters which
^g^fytrqufOfffed. with us, for their Repre-
^*^ -■<* — tfejftew a Regard to us and our
f or h considering the Rank which
a« feis bempleafed to give us in

• 'WttfiiSH^-- 1 ^^^^ 'Xp'£f™» *be
foiplef Reprefentatives, on, all Occafions,

4* Treatment fuitable thereto ; and that,

t§9kitfl\ffM\ rfrtffi r (r ffTTT i*L J3t " u T : "\fr ac-
<&00&&4m &&4i&/mUbt as care-

* m 4 m hnmp'fo. ^ i*»**sa ; .. £ . fil

j. But whether AfTembly- men mayor
may not expect any gainful Advantages
from that Station, we find our Chief Go-
vernors informing us in pretty plain Terms
in the feventh Paragraph, that they them*
felves are not without fuch Expectations
from theirs. They tell us, " their Con-
*' lent is neceffary to our Laws, a^d that
" it will tend the better to facilitate the
." Matters which muft be tranfa£ted with
." them, fpr ^he Repi efentatives to fhejy a
*' Regard to their Interest." Tha&ji,
.as we underhand it, tho" the Proprietaries
have a Deputy here, fupported by the Pro-
vince, who is or ought to be fully impow-
er'd to pafs ail Laws neceffary for thi Ser»
*wu of the GouMo^ w^ ^^S^. "*^ ^^

C

-V»l»» -H

■^«e»-

ssv\

*-..-.

flittfuppoHtorMertJlf, +s<vo* fallal- P*fag*> hy paying Moae^fc4vd»±Propiie*
n&kytbi Wfuffort tb&rs* tarits w^ichtheyottgbttepa^, <j»mf«me

. ,« ' , ; > othejr Shape maie k tH^ |>^«r//»Att- ^

•jfcfctflT topaft theim We hope, however, that ;if this PraiHce-bas ever, beeii4ig*»y
it^nllncverbtcw^mwft/in lhi$ Province j and that, fincf, as tfeiVvery Paragraph asV
le%sv w«»havean undoubted Right to foch Law V we m?U he always abieSte obtain
them froen theGoodnefs of our Sovereign, winWt going to Market foi \them: to it

YflYhowever«afy it-may be to underftand that Part of this Paragraph whiteh delates r
tdtoo'¥copnAt*rit$ hrttrtft, your Committee are at* Loft to coitfeivewhyy m/tbe-dk
tHer Part of it, the People are to be acquam ted* -, •* that the Crowhf has rbeeji pieafed
«« to give the Proprietaries a Rank, and that they eftpeft from ^he Reprjefen*attVea«-
4 t%rutment futtable thereto.*' We cannot find on perufing the Rqareie«trti6^ ia-
qtiiftion, that it contains any Treatment flnfuitable to their Rank. The Refolve of
the Houfe was, That to prevent Difratiafa&ioBson al^S'ide* , they -mqisid bertequefted*
lathe rablt reafcmabte and moft rtfpeSful M anner> to agree uponaPcoportiofiof hnHan-
Charges to fee paid by thenvand the Province according to Juftice* Aad it may bt*
fabraittbd to the judgment of all impartial Per fori a, whether the Represents ti on drawn ^
in Purfuaace of the Refolve-, was not both resfonqblc in itfelf* **i4 rcfpcfiful ro ft**
Manner. It was not, as the Proprietaries represent it, ■ an Addrefs to the PoWitk; It
is not to this Day made publick. It was a private Application rto themfelves, tramV
raitted to them thro' the Hands of their Governor. Tiieir true Lnt£*?st (whic!^
they will always find to<<N*r»fift in juft, equitable a^d gea^rcHis iVUafureeii and mfe^
curing the Affections of their People) was consulted in it 5 and iwe £twta*}e Itteaas*
propofed to obtain that End.-*— —As to Rank) the Proprietaries may reineirfber, thai>
the Crown has likewtfe been pleated to give the AflemWiesof this Province a Rank j «r
Rank which they bold, not by hereditary ^ Defeenti but astheyajethe*v«4iiiitary^}hoicari
of a free People, unbriVd, and even unfollicited. But they are fenftbJe that truths* <
fpeel is not heceflarily connected with Rank, and that it is only from a Courfe of Acti-
on fuitable to that Rank they can hope to obtain it. ^ *> >■/. v^-\ ^ v'^ -

9k We ate truly concerned, that you lay *. Yp^»Coiwnfttee,«re<^fr(b , pn4id

tu under the Neceffity of acquainting the at the Concern theProprtetatiei are pleaftd

Pnbkckvjitb the State of the Revenue of to exprefs in their eighth* Paragraph, ibnl

the Province $ you have* in Part, done it their being* as they fay, kid wider a Nfe*

already, by acknowledging the Amount of ceffity of acquainting the PubHek^rrth the\

the Excife to be Three Thoufand Pounds State of the Revenue of. thevftrovineei-

a Year. The Interefl of the Paper Money, As if the State of that Reventie4tad #a#\

as vie conceive, it more than that Sum, been a Secret 9 when it is well ^cflown* a«aV

nxhieb makes the common Revenue of the the Proprietaries thetfifeives know, that

Province above Six Thoufand Pounds a the Publick Accounts at* yearly <fet«fed$

Tear \ the annual Expence of Government ftated, printed, and pu Wished by the-A-fc

for a Series of Tears (including Indian fembly, and have been fofoc thefe Thirty,

€barges)amounts to little more than Half Yews paft>. Whatever prrvater^Reafon*

that Sum t The Interefl is paid by People the Proprietaries may hare tomake a Se*

•who, no Doubt, find greater Advantage in cret of their Revewie, we hnow^ofoiiansv

the UJe of the Money than the Interefl they to make one of the Revenue of she Prto^

pay for it 9 -othcrvjifs they nvould not be fo vince, nor has it everbeen^atteAptjedi

follicitous to be admitted to borronu as they Their following ObtervatiQidsV esmecniog

always have been. That Interefl Money the Nature of our Taxes, and the Dtfttnc-

tberefore cannot, vokh any Propriety, be tiwb^vwen genera! aBd^rtkaHar"^a««s,

called a Tax laid on the Province, or a &em to your Commklee rioti^ v jttA :***

t&urdtnonibt Inhabitants. The Excife it- accurate as might br ea^pecaeoVi Fer if*>

felf is not a general Tax* to vjbicb all the cannot conceive, that , the /WtJJtogaefr of

inhabitant imufl contribute, as it is paid by People to 4ubjec> themfeives to, JSseAPay*^

fttcb only who buy Wine andfptrituous Li- meat of Intereft or tBxotft^ bs> taking 5

yuotvi under, certain Quantities ; fo that Money on Loan, or co«fummg^intudar

yn&iy People pay nothing*/* that Tax* Of I-iquow, makes either the one or^ the otbsrA

jzfcr/tif; Remtftvfij ahtiut Four hundred Jefs^ a Taofe* The Manner^ & layisfg *&

&$j#di Gifrar*kds, \m an Average, ftir* T^x, ^vt. tafrj ^s^vi^of leryW^^

™&&r&Mvj^i,(mdgTxmfar^^ i^*%««iliaMa5&^%^

K P F B N O I X. 38$

fe^oftds^i^tCfagfcr o* tbttr Ac-^ it willmgly 5 y«t rtit ftill tr T^k, Am^
cowo* ffwbidi^ecatQmt amctrveto be a indeed all Taxes ought, ttpoo the whole*
tog* **»ry inPrapetoien to> the Revenue of to prod uce greater Go6d to a People, than
tbrzffrbvm&t for fi great and important a the Money kept in tljeir Pockets could do *
Semvice antiafof keeping the United No- In fuch Cafe, < Taxes are no Burdens ; but
tmmXvf fo&Ote itrobe Intereft of Gtttt otherwife they are* Taxes* feemingly
Britain: WV ibitorve 'every SftuHr/fled particular, are M> more general than they
Perfon will think the Sum veryfmall, and, are often Aippofed to be : The lahourpng
from the Manner 0/ #1 being raifed; not at ' Man raoft live : ., ■ .n <, ■ Excife the Mate-
all burden fomst to A* People s BefidestAsbkb, rials of his Subsidence, and he generally
bosdm&JinJflUbiit Money been expended eh ttneb Means to 'fit more for his JLa-
tboj&dxxowtey^Asmtf certain ktlbc fame boar,

Exaftwouitbbipve been paid. 1 ••: After eftim*tin£ our whole prefent Rev

iz- r ci >i ■-.-' \ • r^ venne, as if it had been the fanre for

twenty Years p*£, and would certainly continue, tho* the Proprietaries know it de*
panda eri temporary A&8 near expiring,- the Renewal of which is at beft dubious,
they conclude that Four Hundred Pounds z, Year for Indian Expences is a fraall Sum,
and th*t weave under no Neceifity of being frugal, on this Account, of the Publick
Money. Tbhjtfwr' Hundred a Year is the Sum that they find has been paid on an A-
vftfegofor*t&e«ty Years psft, and they take no Notice of its being a growing Charge, v
and that for the four Jaft Years befope the Reprefentation, it amounted to near Twelve
Hundred* Year, which we conceive ^r#*f^^<r , /Vr^»/will 1 think a very large Sura %
And altho'the foraeExcife might have been railed, if a rtot Half that Money had beea
expended* > it does not feem to us to follow, that the Proprietaries ought not to have, paid
their juft Proportion of it. If the Sum be fmall, their Proportion of it muft have;
been fmaHer ? And the Money fo favM might have been applied to fome other Ufe,
beneficial to the Pdbhcfc 5 or hate remained ready iff theTreafwy for any Emer-
gency, *» •/

9 . The vobole Stan paid, in twenty Yearly 9. On the NmthParagraph your Com>

for Indian Services, is not more than, on a mittee will only obferve, that the People of

commmikmpntation, our Family has paid, Penhfylvania do likewife pay Duties and

hbtbe fame- Titxe± for Duties and Bxcifes Excite (or the Support of his Majefty'e

ber*, for the Support of his Majefifs Govern*- Government; and other Taxes, which,"

nent 5 andmmcb we choofe to mention, in confidering their Ability, are perhaps pror

rfnfknor tatbat Part vf your Reprefentation portionably equal to thofe paid by the Pro^>

nvbrniemfbu) unadvifedly, publifb to the prtetary Family, or any other Subjects in

World,- tint our Rftate> fir America, is ex- England.- We pay indeed as much as an!

emptfrom the Burdens borne by our Fellow Infant Colony can well bear, and we hope

Subje<3r a**4Great* Britain ? fuch Matter and believe the Jnliice of a Britsfb Parlrar

migte much more properly have been avoid* ment wil 1 never burden us with more. The

ed ? and at the fame Time that *we faevj Proprietaries Exemption was not £>ubltm»-

ysxy that woe do pay mil other Tones berr, ed till now at thek own Inftance. It wa$

tbat<m Land only excepted, *we muft advife made ufe of as a private Motive to thera-

you -ta.be very tar efali not to put PeopUhere felves only, in the Reprefentation.
MrMatitrffbatifmgle Exemption. Seve>-

ral 'Prapofais. have been made for laying Taxes on North- America, and it is meft eafy
tafoveje^ that the fHf -fame Ael of Parliament that /ball lay them on our, will alfolay
tbfmanyonr EJhtejf and on tbcfe of your Oonjtituents. *♦

^mrWeeannot allow that you have al- 10. On Enouiry, we have Reafon to

mfoys paid your Interpreter to bis SatisfacJi- believe that tne Interpreter's Bills of

onasr bmoujr nueino'w toe have charged Charge agaifiH: the Province, have always

ot&fthittmtli Gratifications to bim,nvhen been allowed and paid*, and where hjs

tbo^emhl^basrtfufediopayhimvjhathe Accounts have contained blank Articles

thought be* Services deferred % and nxre for his Serviced, he has been "aik'd what

mak&mujPojibtiki can remember fuch In* would »(atasfy him, and the fame has been

ftmtees :. However, wtb Kefpecl to any allowed. We fuppofethe Inftaooesli-

Mxpeuresl of tint* Sort, ami many ofhets luded fo, wherein the- A&x&&v&4<«4£.

Hem, fooe^ntered koto them tmthoutany Ex- f u\\y C»i\^ Vi\ttt^ twa&.V»a*VftR*«- W^^J

f p&rtit* of Mpg repaid, and Jbouid think tkv^tttnfMM^-^im^VtiM^^

i\^i*ie**iM* i .i* find >4be AtcO*Mi «/ Btwetan* ^AAtt^^^^^^^^^^^^ 1 !

fi them , 4i- c 0; *>

a* &m£h1*af th* Trite vou trotofe we ftould tonffifeifo to y 4b*$t&fyfo>M(#4k

to fuck a. lm& ^W^«H^*4iWi&

rifei

itjohi**

'I

A* ^utH

j 5. As we Jbau ewrmlb* firfi Place 1 5. In Return to the good Refactions

mdeavour to promote the real Interns of expreflfed by the Preprint riesAtfM^eir fif-

the good People of Pennfylvania, we make teenth Section, your Committee hope that

m Doubt of preferring an Union and Hot* future, as well as paft Aifemblks^ wilj;

mm between u$and4bem>unUfsM'**f< 'K|i**^M*ilMttK>trf fitte* ^JN&kr

*utifrft «r *it*\a}) r Spirits jbould unhappily. Good thc<$ujfo ojj their A&ions, and up-

procure tbemfebuU to be ek&edfor Repre- oh all CfccaGons confult the true Intereft

fintatvues, and Jbould, for the Supporting
of tbeir oven private Views, or Inter efts,
snfiuence tbtjr Brethren, otberwije 1 honefl
and well dejgntng, to efpmfe their Gaufe-,
in fuel Cafet pidetd, Difpmtes may arije,
n^henia wt JhaU tygage with the ufmofl
Reluctance t but even then, as <u* JbaU

and Honour of^hf Pjogri^a^ ^Faxnijy^
whatever inay tetV Se^li^ajte^^c^*
duct of atjy T of its. ^artipujar B^nchptt
To this Efrir, we think thel^ncft;^ free
Remarks contained in thU Rjeport,\may ba
more conducive than a Thoiji^il9at$erin^ <
Addrejfes* ^nd we hopv that when the

make the general Good the Rule of out Ac* Proprietaries . fhall think fit \tQ . reconfidtt

Uehs, we Jhall> on all fitch Occafimsyif this Matter/ they will be perfuadeoV thai

ever tbeyJoQu^kappenyfieaddy^ aid with- ' agreeing to an equi table, Proportion; of E**

gut wavering, putfue Meafures the mofl pence will be a good Means pt taking ,a-

likely to conduce to that good End. . way one Handle of Difiention from *' Mc*v

. M of warm uneafy Spirits, -if jfacfc iboeki
** ever unhappily procure ihemfelve* to be elected."

16. The Reprefentativp being annually
ebofen >[ ws are aware that We are not
writing now {oik? fame Perfons whofent
the Reprefintqtion to us j the Perfons mofl
forward to pujb on a Meafun (which,
from the Anfwer, we diretitedour Governor
to give to ibejornur Application he was
deftred to make to us, muft befuppofed difa-
gr ceable) may not now be in tbeHoufe,
bat may he fucceeded by more prudent Per-

it. Yet if the Proprietaries are. ceaHy'
defirous of preferving an Union ajyj Har T ^
mony between themfolws and tWvPetfple,,
we cannot but be furprized at their lajfcjPa*
ragraph, whereby they , endeavour t» otf '
off the Aflemblies Accefs to, them, i* >
Cafes where, the Anfwers received fsoxar
their Deputies, may rot be thought f greet
able to the Publick Good. No King (A .,
England, as we can remember, baa ^e*er

fins, returned for their Places', who would taken on himfelf fuch State, as torofufe

be careful not to prefs a Matter too far, perfonal Applications, from the^iearie^ef

in which the Rights of the People are not his Subjects, where the Re<1refsof »^rie»«- ,

really concerned s However, the Anjwer ance could not be obtained of hU O^cfrs* »

*uoe gyve muft heiotht Reprefentation fent Even Sultans, Sophy v and other. £a&*f?r.

us. And we defire, in am Matter of the abfolute Monarchs, will, it isfai^ f iqnie*.

like Nature, , that the HoufewiU befatisfied times (it whole Daysto hear the Complaints (

fwith fuch an Anfwer as the Governor end Petitions of* their very ^Jaye^^Vanft^e^

may have Order* to giyjt on our Behalf*

THOMAS PENN,
RICHARD PENN.

have^w^r Inftructions, nordii
b<caufe he has receivdtheni ; our Meetings and Deliberations are henceforth.

the Proprietaries of Ptnufyboajiia becow [
too great to be addrefled by the.Repre^nta-
ttves of the Freemen of their Pra^iBf fh If, r,
-they muft not be reafon'd with* j^caufe^ifgif ,,.

r?0'->

t . < < 1 **'

a

we haveonly tokoowtheirWiW, and toobey.

To conclude,; jf. this. Provincemw^ be at more than Two Thoufand Pftuyttf^,
Expence, to. fuppoi-i, a Proprietary's Deputy*, who Jhaltnot be at LiberUrjtb ^ u:
Judgment in paifing Laws [as is intimated to Hs^ in the fourteenth Se^o?i of f
iwer we havebe^nconfidering] but the Aflent niuft be obtain'd jrpna
nofs^ at three. XUpiUfand Miles .Dklanee, often igndrant or mifinforrh'd }t^$$b,i
.fair's^ .and who wjll not be appryMto orTeaforfd with when they have given Jfnni^
tions^ we c^renot but efteem thoie Coloiiierthat are undefr the immediate 'pk
Cro^ninajQ^c^morftcli^ And our fmtire Regard f<^ /jhCg^

of Qurfim Proprietary, muft make m^ tt^eM-Ss^Qt \^v CfS^teti^ ^at^-^ ^Mf^^

\j

\.-

►V

A * *> E N rj> I *; ,, v , ..$$.«-

at v^a ^ ftflWKons of thejr People. A Ldf?, Avhich however they t$t& to de*
ty»&^wn1 fe^fenBd of mbre ConfeqUente to them than they feem at prefent to pea*
ware of.

JM which is humbly fubmiitcd to fbe Cwretiitn $faj* fjtoiJkr<kfrbGi\ ,v, 4 * t

:-iri ^/tfH^Ff ir, I753. "-' ' / '_ ' . ■/-,' V ^' ; -' ' ' V ^' ' ■,'*" -V'^
-AbriJ aqofi 3^iJ:^ - * : . ■ - -" ; •■■'" ♦ _ ••; . ( '. . .• ^ . - .. ■ -■•;,/ ■ -a >,■■ v\». Onyj

* j^j^age frctfB Goverooar Mcrrk to the Afltefiibljr, ^^^175$^
<iLMfc ^lo^efeiTcdt^tePagii ^56 of the foregoing Work* \ > \

"^MtFI^E^;! amended ana lentdown to you -the Bill for riirtng Fj/fy '• 4 5r8iwj(2iwr :
Wrft^HnS for the King^s Hie, jexpefted you would have returned it t^;n^ -Witfc-
tlifS Amfoa'ments, arid informed me which of ,them you agreed to, this being the com- '*
iriWalftl ordinary Method in fuch. Cafes y bu* yog departed from thi^ ami defined to^
know whether I Was reftrained by the proprietaries from taxing their E^atc, and thife"
ReafOriV for my Opinion as *o that.Meafuraj and tho* this Application v *Wat unparlia-* 1
mfenta'ry, and I believe unprecedented, yet upon thii Occafion I indulged yo\j therein/
ant! jgave' my Ifceafons in themiJdeft Terms, onwhicfl, however, you bavebe^^teai^
ed to rVeat wh'tlie Proprietaries and rayfelf in a very unbecoming Mariner. y ' *

* Aiyou r fiaVe returned me iWBtV without the Amendments, ^d'^ybbr-IMefeg^^
that^cconTjpanied it, offer no- Reafons againft any of them but fuch as relate to taxing
th^Pro^rfttar^Eftate, I conclude you have agreed t^tbe- other* j I fljall therefore cori-
fidf r the feveral Parts of your Meflage, and make fuch Obfervations upon, and A&-
fwefto, rt, as I think it merits. . V \ " . *

% H#v1n| fofd you, that T had no Ppwer by my Commiffion to hurt or incumber the
Prbptiefarjr Eftate, you take ptcafion in your Anfwer to play with the Words bftrt
and ¥$ttmbirf aha naving viewed them in different Lights, tell me r that your Bill
« iiln^dea^tdfree the Proprietary Eft ate from H&rt and Mnatmbrance, by removing"
* toitfreticb, and that :you are as much bound not to hurt or encumber the Eftates of
« ^burConftifuents, as I am with Refpeft to the Proprietary Eftare ? and having
ftlwW, Wybu think, that the proyjfo in my Commiflion does not prohibit me in tfye
pr^hiCafe : ybu then procee^ t0 re ^f op u P on ^ Claufe ttfelf, and after producing a
vety getafd Opinion of a former Council, Judge, a»d Secretary, as to a particular
SaWDg frithe fate Proprietary Commiflion, you very roundly pronounce that Provifo 10
be^^RblRty, and not at all binding on me, '

-YfetflmOT giVe me Leave to differ from you in Opinion as to the Force of the Words
•m f!rat t Cfatoe," which, notwithftanding what you have faid, have ftill the fame plain
aTrd^e^mlriate Meaning they had before, every Tax, in my Mind, being an En-
cu^rrbT^ricetrpoh an'Eftate, from which it cannot be cleared but by the Payment of a
• 'ceffetftfSom of Mbney ; and I being exprefly reftrained by my Commiflion from con-
ichtmg to' tfriy Aft that may encumber the Proprietary Ettate, erery unprejudiced
PeVrbn 'wifl fee clearly that my Powers do not extend to the prefent Cafe, and that if
I it&fcctea 1 foydwr Opinion, I (hould be guilty of a manifeft Breach of Truft,

A!«'tc? 'Ofe yafidity of prohibitory Claufes in the Proprietary Commiflions, I ana
nc^ for^oWfe enough to comprehend the Force of your Reafonings upon this Head,
*w!0frl^i^yf>Wh from the fourth Se^lion of the Royal Charter j for tho 1 by *hat
^CHiyferrbWer 'is' 'given to the Proprietaries, their deputies and Lieutenants, to make
Xaw^^t^frdbesiiot alter the Relation whicfc by Law fubfifts between a Principal
and lus Denuty, the Intention of the Charter in th^t Particular, being no other than
'Xo^Siio^^t^tcl r^filWN, and ^is'lfleirs, to a»Jmioifi e r the Government by his and their
'LJeti^riklii'ttr 1 ^eputy, which being a judicial Of&<je, he .could nobotherwife have
■ ddriV| ^4%5|t \i the Charter, by its general Tenor, from making; the Deputy

cqu^nVfoY oVrndejpendaht of ? the Principal, that it makes the Proprietaries alone ci-

totmi$!&&$t l ! TKo^ allow the Ppin'^n vv°^«fii tb\» ^>^ v ^\a ^a^#«-
th^'nny^^o^o^r^on; yen* j[ s m appHca^V^ ^% ^^^^>^^!^^^

metits^&SWltriy foundation, fuppefe-, -atvAmvVv^ V^^- ^^^

wflfe Difference, obvious to every One who coiu7iAe.t* x\itta\wi^ >«>^VBfc>«9». *j^

3 9* A P P E N D I X.

of Attention ; btcaufe that Saving, was even re&rving a Power to the Proprietary m
}um own Pcrfon to Repeal a Law which he typhis Lieutenant had confented to j where*
as, in the prefent Cafe, the Reftri&ion amounts to nothing more than a reafonaMe
Prohibition upon their Governors, as fuch, from pailing Laws to injure their
Eftates.

You fay, That the fame Provifo reft rains me from letting or felling the Propria
tary Lands, and yet X propofe to give away Six or Seven Hundred ^Thou/and Acres
upon the Prefent Occahon ; and feem vaftly furprized, that I (houl^ think rnyfelf re*
ftrained from incumbering the Proprietary Lands by Act of AfTembly, and yet at Li-
berty to give them away j for if, fay you, the Grant of Land?, contrary to fuch Pro-
hibition, would be valid, why not the parting the Bill for a Tax ? And this you
call a Queftionyou cannot folve. ■ It is fomething very extraordinary, that the Ke-
|>refentative Body of Penfyfoania mould know fo little of the Affairs of the Province,
as never to have been informed^ that the Governor grants the Proprietary Lands un-
der a certain Power of Attorney, regularly proved and recorded, called a Commifll-
on of Property.— —That this Power was formerly vetted in private Perfons $ but
'for fome Years paft, ' has been given to the Governors j and, being the Foundation of
Property, cannot be unknown to any the lead acquainted with the Circumftances of
^he. Province. ; And to a Ik a Queftion or two in my Turn, how could you think
that the Lands in the Province were granted under the Powers of a Commiflion that
exprefly prohibits the Granting of any ? Or that the People would be Co weak as to
give Mosey for Lands, and take Titles under fuch a defective Power ?~ As to the
Proposal itfelf, it was made with a good Intention ; and as I am accountable to the
' ^Proprietaries for my Conduct under that Commiflibn of Property, you may, be affur-
ed I did not make it without proper Power to carry it into Execution ; and had you
raited Money for an Expedition to the Weftward, and for encouraging Settlers, I
Jhoutd then have made an Offer of the Lands by Proclamation, letting the Adventurers
know, that they were to have the Choice of the Lands in Preference to all others, with every
Thing elfe that could reduce the Offer to a Certainty $ which there was no Neceflky u
' doing in a Meffage to you, barely mentioning the Thing, and recommending toyou to
grant an Aid to thofe that mould become Settlers after the French were removed.

But whatever comes from the Proprietaries, however juft, however favourable, jnuft
be wrong, and accordingly you are determined to reprefent in that Ljght a Propofal
generous in itfelf, and intended to promote the Publick Service and Safety ; which
may ferve to (hew the Temper of Mind you are in, but can anfwer no good Purpoie.
You fay, Lands equally good may be had in Virginia for Two Shillings Sterling Quit-
rent, and none to be paid in Fifteen Years : It may be fo $ but how does it appear
they axe equally good ? It is plain they are not equally convenient $ becaule of their

greater Diftance from a Market. The Quitrent in Virginia^. I fuppofe, was the

lame formerly that it is now, and yet very great Numbers have chofen to purcfeafe
Lands in. this Province of the Proprietaries at the Kate of Fifteen Pounds, Ten ShUftngs,
p$r Cent, and of private Men at a much higher Price, and in both Cafes qn4er the
' Quitrent of Four Shillings, and Two-pence, Sterling, when they might have had them
' in Virginia for much lefs ; and the Propofal ought not to be conudered, by compar-
ing it with other Province*, but with the Rate that Lands have, for a Number of
Years paft, .been fold at in this Province ; fome of them lately in the new £urj$aJe,
within few Milts of the Allegheny Mountains, and others very, remote, without *oy
Road of Communication with this City v which is not the Cafe as to the Lands jpro-
pofed to be given, there being a very good .Waggon Road thither i And notwitHftaod-
tng what you have faid upon this Head, I am convinced, that if you had enabled n?e»
in Conjunction with the neighbouring (Governments, tx> have fent a Body of Troops
' tntQlbat Country, an Offer of Lands, upon the Terms above-mentioned, would ^ve
had very good Effccl?, and would have induced many to have gone and bfconje^fet-
* tiers there, that would not other wife thought of doing either, and by tbat tP A£f£8t
have formed a farrier for the Protection and Security of tbe Province j ud&*
fore J ouifiot but be aitonjlhed, thai ^ou ^\&1 >w* xs^^cw V* w«k ^aiatt v |o^4i$rt-

\v.^a ~>v»v£r\ v">

-& £ $ £ tt ft t &. 35^

ft5 A^&*^&^ your J^^tnV%^WW*ft OtiteGfcfc tb>

aflf«Ev^ wpwa ]w ri » ! confiatrmy' teafdnsirf tha^^^noi^R^w

JW?Tm(8o$fffl^ of their ftfficttf, tfrfe exfenlp^frW* *tffc **a**

iS^or^le?/-^¥oif^lcel i'veiy life* Bffthi&ibn -"D^^'tUPfrofN^i^tf
QwTier ofXand,

le&ion of ,
of trie J?ro1
r'efetitaWe

lore or we^ȣ///z>\;onjtitiinon,yoir nive uoK-ignrxotax mem is riTen&foeWQ&dltwl
Subjects, Si; you call them t ' Ir/Wrefbre, you tixtfktn at all, if ftiufc b*ia% Pttftitd
tanes, ami chief Governor's, wliith is the onfy Capa-crfy -''by ^hTc»V lti«P«l^j£b«dka
fed "with, or related to, the' fnlikbitanr's bf tttis Province ; *n$ Wtfti^lfeftffilfrital
Capacity, you derive the Pbw'erof a&ing as an Affenibty. ' Ym c«indt^h««fcrt£
without inverting the Order iff kings, have a Power o^ifrdtefroW^
every one elfe in the Province tterive aff the Pofcer they Have.^Phry fcjtil®TOeiG**
Vernment and Soil of this Province uhder the fame Grant, , aiiid'ttTC:Tftfe<t#f*Mh1l r
centered in their terfons/ and cannot be feparated or divib^o^'without dellFoyt^gtheSr

^pllie Support; sfs yoii call it, that is paid by rne Proviriee to k tAMdkttte&eRf

fioc, is no other than the Fees of Office, and as futh are* due to any Onfc thftt «tfn>i*it-

1$r*\tn% Government, and Ve not, what yoii would irifmuatej gfte&to^tf£iiMrtf&

Jth?foc^9ing the Duty wf the Principal ; the chief of them aiePobhcfciheofe LScfo-

leSj'wHtch^werie ^ biiginaHy gtanted'by Charter, not by any' GonceflJon of the Peopte

imp* Wu'fjWifi Time to" Time' have taken it for granted to be fo)"an#in FaVcter-*ib

ju |as^brhier Governors took much larger Sums for this Servicfc, moderate F*fs

^ee3hV$nfehft<I to be fixed by Law, as Confideratlons for the Bufineft ddhV,~i*ot

%%mc1eftt for the Support of Government $ all the Fees and' Petfqui fires whertroV $o

^ot^m4un%,£fl/^ ■'■■'"■ ^4

/- as* ^' f tne^tjd-'tax' A^ of Parliament you refer to, they may be as you fey With

^^cVtcf the frown's Fee-Farm Renfs. But I do not conceive rhey aHflmrtrurfa

^roofiHif tteKfajj J pays Taxes, all Taxes whatever' being paid to him ; at*&Nta|e

Kerns to me&n lnconfme

., ^ ., ency in ftippoling he can both pay and receive. - 1 tak* fhe
ji(|^o^%ffifi'^yo ; llave no other Meaning than to appropriate Part "of tin ReVfe*
ft^/of" A\e~ Crd#n i6 one pulilick Ufe, which were before appropriated ro -smother ;
>r r mHlft olServje to you; that the King can have

-.--,-. r . , .. — o - »aveno private Eftate, bto fte>m the

jl^itty* cfPfltV frfccf Mtds liis. Lands in Right of thtCrown. And another Resfrn
L t , k;?o4jfi , Saie fs collected irpdfrthe Crown's Fee Farm Rents may be, trfltr^hc

t4i«? nVft
s fttve/af-

jon^fijitf jon break out into a lofty Excjamatien,- thaf '* fhfeis no^

RiVmany, in which Proprietaries and Governors o^J5etry€ , o!^%his

fl8§2f£o Wftrn'fblves greater PowersvPnvileges, Irrimtjniti«s aHfd f¥^Vb«Pt*v%*«, t*faa
feW^ei'^lsynecl by their Royal Mafter on iheTmjigfiSrTlirlJirts^^l'-ll^llrfJii-
W^'IDoihihibris^ I' muft "acknowledge, Gentlemen',' rbaf- tl»h»: aJe^T^fttwttng
t9 Wops,? b'd ; t ^ha't fhftances among the* many cari^ ^yoii give of th% r f : lfil*ttn!?l*Jf'^^«vi-
w, o8Hn yoir^feiit ProArletatieL?- Ha-ve tliey eVe^ f claimed "a*y^^nWW^f*5 6ga-
^♦^iiottf ranted to tlVeVTiy' We Royal Charter, or rererv^a ^Umb&m&itiitr,
Z 1 urifi T r%v1i!cn r you fit ? Can ydu"T3^ti3 tlrefr Charge^durift^ the %&#&&'Fferig Ad-
Sn roiniitr / atfori over you f 6ne A f cT?'orinjtiaice or Severity F?Hav€ tn v e^eBP r «el ^Hd alj
"*tt^'¥o*aS"which : 'by the Royal Cn*arter tTieV "N& I^SlVi^MK %*«^W»» , ^bw
^^kfeF'Mfiitis tne^fVcJpfe to be c^on^r,<!Kav^^t»^ ^^^<Sw€»t^^^*^
^^to rAe People many Tilings they had a RWta. lp \T t ^fiL^*^^ ^^^^^T*)"^
™n} Thing that they judged for theiv Bent&tt Hqn» \^V\\ twx^w***^^^

P d

594 APPEND 1 X.

to accufe th*ih of affmning Powcrt and Prerogative* &&$& than *bejf Btogatj Mb*

fter ? Would you turn your Eyes towards yoUf own Conduct^ at)4 apply; fattEOf
thefe ngnificant Words to yourfelvefe, yon would find them much morcappli^Meftan
t-hcy are lOthtf Proprietaries.— —The Charter under i which you a£Vgiiies yob itfec
Powers and Privileges- of an AfTcmWy, according to the Rights of th^reo-born &&
jfccls tiS^Engktmi^ sod « isufaaljn any of the KtDgfs Potations m^wr/Gtfi-^-.i.
, Thisjl Gentlemen; i*the Foundation of your Power*, -which, by! theJUytf Chaiter>
wet* to be eonfoftam to the Laws and Conftitution of Abghmd* k But infteadb of too-
tiwrftf'ytHjrfeWi totbat which yonrwite A nee ftors thought fully fufflcient too lanftwr
tbe End* of Good Qotcrnmtnt, an d fecure the Lih*ttii,s<of the People, youhife
tAertupon you grear aod mighty Powers, difpeofed with pofittveXawe'by < the Str^engtfi
of yotftf dwn Orders, clairrra Right to difpofc of alt publick MoneyV and of keeping
your Proceedings' a Secret from the Crown, with many others unknowji ta an En-
gli/b Confttfution, and never heard of in the t other) Ptentaffong in Amtrka. ,-. Who
therefore can* be >fo ^irftly accoied as yourfelves of afFoiTung unwarrantably Powers,
greater than ever were claimed by a Briti/bMoufepi Parliament* or, . to ufc your«wa
-Words* * by your Royal Matter on the Imperial Throne of ail bis extenfive Diotnirii-
* ons,* who- pretends lo no Powers but what the Conttitution gives him* a*wtdifdaia»
a Right of difpenfing with Laws. ,« i 15. oV "\

To thefe Encroachments on theiConftitution you give the faered Name*>f Privilege,
and under the Maik of Zeal for the Pu Wick r conceal yow own Schemes, pretending
they are all for the Benefit of the People, when they can anfwer no.Purpofe buttorfi-
.creafe your own Power, and endanger tho juft Rights that the People en joy under
the Royal and Proprietary Charters, by making it ncceflary for hi* Majefty and t
Britijb Parliament to rnterpoie their Authority to fave the Province* 1 ' # ThePeo»
pie have no Way {o effec%tiallj& to feeure themfelve*»in the Enjoyment of their. Li-
berty, as ftrictly adhering to the Constitution eftabliflied by Charter, making that
.the Foundation and Standard of their Proceedings, and difcountenancing every Sed-
ation from ir* i •• ^ ,-> >, f r : :

The lecond and third Reafons given by me, and your Anfwers to thern being
deduced from the Law for railing County Rates and Levies* I f^alV confider then*
together. ', - .._ . , .' ,,> _.

i do not fee why the Proprietary Eftate in each County » not benefited in com*
mon with other Eftates, and by the fame Mean**, The Provifo. therefore, relat-
ing to their EtUtes, was not inferted becaufe he had no Benefit by the Money |
raifed, but was properly a Condition, upon which his Governor contented to veft the
whole Power of chiding the Tax-Officers in the People, and is declarative of Che Rights
of his Station, of which the People in general might be ignorant., * . !

I think, with you, that the Proprietary Tax would not be mope than* an Hud- !
dredth Part of the Whole, 'but cannot therefore admit, that rf he is taxed, he would
be excluded from any Voice in the Choice 0/ thofe empowered to tax him, or that the
Votes of his Officers,, in their own Right, can make the AiTefTors bis Repreftnta-
tives 5 nor can I eafdy conceive, that a Negative upon/ a Choice , is , tfajf' tile
Choice, or indeed any Part of i r > but as what you lay upon this Head-bas ve-
ry little argumentative Force* I (hall not dvyell'upon it, but lay fumething ax to the

• Law itfelf. •/•>':;>rl *>ril

From the Tenor oflhe Acl it appears: to me to be intended, nqt only fox laying

and rai&ig Taxes to defray the nectflaiy Chaises in every County, bu* to Settle

the Mode of raiding Money upon; ali Occaiions j it direcls the Manner, of chafing

r Commifiioneis, Affeflbrs, Colle&ors and Tieaiurer?> gives them parjt^ujar? Powers,

and regulates the Conduct of thole entiufled wiih the laying and receiving Taaes.*—

Ir is a pofiti^e and perpetual Liw, and by a fpscial Provrfo exp*e(Jy f declares the

Proprietary Eltare not lia4 le to Taxfcs.— ---You, votu:felves apply ic to. a^ Pipvincial

Purpoie by f-lie r^iHUmdfer Confideration, and the apparent Reafon why it wa^s, never

applied to fl^at purpofe fckfoieis» th^t noPiovincial Tax has ^ver been lM<i ftnee the

-Enacting of tliat Law. ^ > i V. , ...'/.•■• ; , »■. ; u *.,

Ycu are certainly empowered by fome temporary Laws todifpofeof particular Mo- %

r.i«s raifed l^y thofe Lawi, ayhen they icome into the pub lick Offices, and J do not

know ' that this Power has been difputed j the L^giilature Jthait g&vethoJ^<l-4!VVS.afBe-

ing, had. a Right to pafs them in th,a*&Vw\*, a^4 ^ iw\.^v< Lev,ifl.ature may do the

lame, if they think fit •, but I do not cottceW\\\*VY^^^^

to uiljjofc oi all Money that IhaAl be taA^vVV^XiW^ x^ ^-vw^li ^& CV^^^Obnx

APPENDIX. 395

Tiro ft depend upon, the' Legislature that r aifee it, who may* referve the Difpofitton to
themfelves, give it to you, or any Body elfe they thiiftc fit.

And bete J (anno t help taking Notice of an Expreflion in your Menage, That

y«>u haveailowedrrne a Share in the Difpoficion of the Fifty Tb&ufandJtotndu Is it

fpom you^ Gentlenieo, that I deiive the Right of governing this Province, or from
your Allowance that I have a Voice m the Legiflature ? Are you the Sovereign Dif-
pofersi df ftpWtr ? Have you a Right to give and tike away at PleaWe I If not,
whence that lofty Claim of allowing your Governor a Share: in the Difpofition of pub-
tick Money ? Is not the whole Property of the People fibjecVto the Power pf ,the Le-
gtflatur©; and have I not a Voice in that J>giflat»re, toot derived fromj or dependant
upon, yow'j and how came yoo therefore by a Right to allow me a Share in the
Difpo&tioo of r Money, which cannot be raJfed without ray Cunlent ? Such Language \
may poulbly be agreeable to your Notions of your own fuperlativtf Power*, bull is not
juftified by the Constitution eftahlimed by Charter, or any Rights properly belonging
to an Aflcmbly ; and your claiming fuch a Power/ mews the Extenfivenefs of your'
Plan, which i*no left in that Relpect, than to rentier yowfelves independant, and
affiime a Superiority over your Proprietaries and Governors $ a Plan you would not
fail to Carry into Execution, were your Power equal to your inclinations.

The Proprietaries do not (brink, as you caU it, at the Payment of a {mall Sum of
Money, nor it that the Motive for infixing on their Rights they having by me offer-
ed much more than their Proportion of this Tax can poffibly anftrfurrt to j but t«
preferve the Rights of their Station, which if rhey give up wheneVet Mioy ■■are demand-
ed, v as Claims' will never be wanting, they wilt very foon be Gripped of every Thing
they have a Right to errjoy, t>oth Power and Property,

Your Anfwer to my fourth Reafoft admits, that taxing the Eftates of Proprieta-
ries is contrary to the Ufage w>d Practice in this and other Governments, by fav-
ing, that Cuftom and Ufage, againit 'Reafon and Jufticc, ought to. have but little
Weight. 4 *^— But I do not admit that Reafon and Jultice are on youij Side of the
Queftion $ on the contrary, I think I have fhewn that they are wi«h me, and look
upon the Ufage and Cuftom as a ftrong Evidence, that the Legiflatures of this and
other Proprietary Governwients were of my Opinion \ and lam very much concern-
ed, Gentlemen, that you fhall chufe this Time of imminent Danger, when your
Country is invaded, to introduce a new and extraordinary Claim, to the Prejudice
of Perfonfe that areabfent $ when you know, that however right you may think it,
} haWe it not my Power toconfent to it, confident with Duty and Honour.

—As' to myself t I think 4t neceflary to fay, that for the Difpatch of the publick Bufi-
nefs at this critical Conjuncture, when every honeft Heart mould be concerned for the
PuHlick Service, I ftndteufly avoided every Thing that could renew the Difputes that
fulfilled between us., and earneftly recommended the tame Temper of Mind to you,
ami cannot therefore hut-be exceedingly fur prized in Return to be this injuriouily
Weated, and represented as the hateful Inllrument of reducing a free People to the ab-
$e&3tatebf Vaflf4age. What Qroynds have you, Gentlemen, for this heavy Charge ?
What Laws of Impofition, abhorrenfto common Jultice and common Reafon, have

1 attempted toforie down your Throats ? Have I propofed any thing to you, duiing
-iht'Oautfe of my fltert Adminiftration, but to grant Supplies to the Crown adequate

to the Exigencv of the Times $ to aflift the King's Forces fent lor our Prote&ion j
^ aWrfUo^^ur the Piuvince into a Pofture of Dt fence, by eftablilhmg a.MiJ.tia, which is
<puhiiv£ rhe» Sword into the Hands of the Pecple for their own Security ? And where
^an it bVtrXifted with "more Safety to them'elve*.'? Art thele Impofitions, or are they ab-
?hwr^f»t s Id common Jutticeand Reafon? I have, it is true, refufed to give my Aflent
-^^ferrteSills proposed by you, beca ufe they we* e contrary to the K.mg% Inltrufti-
*H*nS ? r afcd v amended other?, to make them agreeable to the Charter, and confident with
^ the* Safety of the People, by lodging the Dilpofnioh of the Publick Money in the Hands
^©f'thS Legislature j and for this, whirh is no more than a due©bed>ence to the lawluj
"Cofnmands of the Crown, and the free Exeicfe of my Reafon and Judgment in Mat-
ters of Inflation, am I branded with Infamy and Reproach, and let up as tbt
OfojccVof a People's Refcntment.
5^3 I^m h&t, GenfWmen, confeions to myfelf of having done, or intended tp do, any
ii)6lettft Injury to fhe People committed to my Charge j and the Man that has been
- 'orVpVeRed^or injured by me, let him llantU'oTOxatt&cx>mvW\Tu ^ W\V\\v*v ^n>*^v-
'-{Wkiitteft Uee* hot enjoy the Freedom ofr hit owiTeMfcxaufc^^fc**** V*Y%\*^«**«
^$a**Wi&irt itofr T Or vthoft Proptrty h«« 1 %w&o& 1 ^^iVV^\^^
fftwi ' D d x

3a?

A P P B N^ D* F X*.

vantage of the People's DtfbeuV mad of your Regard for y*ur Ctnef ry> tofoHt eoton
your Throats Laws of Imposition, abhorrent to Juiitceastd Reaibit $'.rf I have doBtor
attempted any Thiag to deprive the People of their Liberties/ aad reduce them to the !
abjec\ State~o( Vaffajage, you will be able to point out fame Instance* efUh^Je Things 5
and, I call ope* yon to do it, if you can, and make good your Change. - ft, is not to
th^ People I am hateful, Gen tie men, but to youifelves ; and, that for no other Reafon, t
b^Hoing the Duty of my Station, e*ercifmgmy own Judgment, as a Branch of tbe
Legiflature, with Freedom and Independency, and keeping you, as far as it was ia
nu/ Po^'cr^ to the Dutv of vours.

||a4 ypu,reaUy-any Tendernefs for your bleeding Country, would you have afted
the Pa*t you have done ? Would you have looked tamely on, and fee the Frtmb feat
themfeives within your Borders ? Would you haye fuffered them to eacreaie their
Numbers, and fortify themfeives in a Place from whence, in few Days, they may
inarch an Army among the Inhabitant* ? Would you ha*e been deaf to aM the affec-
tionate Warning* and Calls of his Majefty, the faithful Guardian of his People's
Safety ? And would you have refuied the proper, neeefiary and timely Affiftance to an
Army, fen t to protect thefe Colonies ? Or would you now, when that Army is de-
feated, wafte your Time in difputing about new and extraordinary Claims of your
own raifing, when every Head and r$*nd mould be employed for the publics;
Safety ?

However, Gentlemen, to conclude, let me entreat you to lay. afide aU Heat and A*
nimofny, toeonfider tbe naked and defencelefs State of the Inhabitants, with a Tem-
per of Mind becoming tbejmportant Occafion ; to look upon the French, and their is?*
dians, as your only Enemies, and the Perfons that intend to inflave you 3 and be if-
lured, that your Proprietaries, or Governor, have no De%ns.to< the .Prejudice of the
People of Pennfyfojama, but will continue to protect them, in the £n joy mem of *1 1 their
juft Rights and Privileges, -■!■.<

The AflVmbly's ANSWER to the foregoing Meffage A ;A^

'■ '9. 1755-

■ ' ' . * J

Mayitpkafe tb* Governor, , ....

HO W Uifagreeable foever the Talk may be, to wade through aU theMifreprefen-
tations in the Governor's long Meflfage of the Thirteenth Inftant, a Regard to
Truth, and to Truths of Importance to the Welfare of our Country, will oblige us
tofubmit to it.
.The Governor is pleafed to tell us, that ' when he fent down our Bill for railing

* Fifty Tboufand Pounds, with Amendments, he expelled we mould have returned it

* with the Amendment.', and informed him which of them we agreed to, this being

* the conimon and ordinary Method in fuch Cafes.' The Governor allows in this Mef-
fage, that we have by Charter ' tbe Powers and Privileges of an Afiembly, accord-

* in g to .the Rights of »the Freeborn Subjects of England, and as is ufua) iu any of the

* King's Plantations in America t ' Now, we take it to be one of thole Privileges
and Powers of an Aflembly, to have their Money Bills, granting Supplies to. the
Crown, accepted as they are tendered, if at all accepted, and that without aoyPeopo-
lal of Amendments. We think this is a Privilege claimed and ufecLby the Jioufe of
Commons, and as far as we know by all the Affemblies in America y so tha£.M)at far
from being the common and ordinary Method to receive and debate on Amendments^
pro j >o fed by the Governor to fuch Bills. It is therefore without Foundation? that tbe^
Governor fuppofes we agreed to a)l the other Amendments, merely becaiiie<we, offered
no Reafon s a^ainli any of tj>cm, but that whiih related to taxing the; Proprietary E*

^_ ftate, Foi we even made that Step of Deviation from the common and oriiimar^Mo^ K
. ihod, entirely in Cooiiderarion that, the Occafion for the Supply was uncommon and fx*
• traorJinary, hoping thereby to come more fpeedily to a happy Conclufiorvin the Bufi«»
nefs of the Seflion, and without the leaft Intention that it would ever he draws into
f Piecedent. , > . .... ,

The Governor (till infifts, that taxing the Proprietary Eftate, tho' it be tq free it
from French Encroachment*, will be an Encumbrance on that E/late* Be it fo then,
fi nee the Governor will have tf Co»ior ovvt I>\ffiv«&Gft% *** Uui about Words than
^Things : Does this however prove &» VaY\dAtY<& \\\^tc^^\xw^C\v^W\xv\iv%^w^-
niiiihn f or that it is equitable aM Wft lY* Vco\^\*\asj ll&tt* ^a^tek\\\» wpk

A/ P. P E N D I X, J97

69m ATjHfHvbfch aJUUh*Rfltf«*toVir*«Et* audi hei Colonics, now tanv or m«ft bear,
to free, ibaMery £ftat* fifom EacMacbmciirs and Encumbrance fc

Tbft Govern*)? isr * apt fortunate enough, bei&pleafedto fay," to comprehend the

* Force;^j»urRwfooi«€So* this Head, that are draw* from the* Fourth Se&ion of
' the Royal I Cb«iftei? ; v which, though it gives/Power to. the * IttiOfWtaafiea and

* tb&r J3epufa«r*n4 Li^asants toraake Laws, doet not alter the Rehuton between a

* Prin-cipai and bi& Def»My> ormak* tb« Deputy eqwd. to, or ifldeptidatft'of, tha
f Principal, £V ;W&vj?lMacre&>rfe? for the Governor's Satisfaction^ ettdea voter to
exprefs our Sentiments yet plainer, if poflible, and enforce themfatthttf: The Royal
Charter grasm * foil* free ,andaVphjte Power (no» only to the Proprietary and hi*
' Heirs) but \<*h\&K%*kt\\&xD{putt£S**i Lieut enantss to tx^fo 'any £<ws*ujbat fewer >

* for raifag Money for the Shctfity ofr-tbe Country, according fo> their btft fXftretion,

* with the Affentbf tee Freemen,' &c* But tae Governor objects, notwithstanding
this AUJ and freePo^er granted fcf the Royal Charter to wear th*> Proprietaries De~
puty^ I cannot ul'e my befi Vtftretion m thia Cafe, nor «oaci ithe t»ropofed Law/ "be-
cauje there is in my CoannaTion a Prohibitory C1aufcdr£Vi^>r£ wliich ftitrams me ;
and if lJhoul4fafsit> fucb Prohibition notwitbjfandittg, the Laixj <would not Be- valid.
To this weaniweredythatnO'Prbhtbitfon of the Proprietaries can leflen or takeaway -
from the Lieutenant Governor any Power be is vetted with by tbe*Roya] Charter ; and,

jn Support of this, as an Argument, at leaft to the Governor, produced to him anO-
pinion of the Proprietary and Governor's former Council, on the Cafe of a Proyifo
or Saving in. the, Lieutenants Conunitiion, that retrained, in favour of the Ptoprie-
tary, the Power of making Laws which is granted to the Lieutenant in the Royal
Charter. This Opinion (which the Governor aJlows to be a good One) declares that
Saving to be *&oU in itfelfy and that any Laws parted by the Lieutenant mail be <ualut,
the Saving ootwithttanding. But the Governor would dinSnguifla it away, by a Hedg-
ing, « that though the Opinion was good in that Cafe, it is not applicable to alt Cafes.*
If it is applicable to the prefent Cafe, it is all that is neceflfary for our Purpofe, which
was to (hew, that a Provifo in his Commiflion, reftri&ing the Powers granted him by
Charter, was void in itfelfy and that if he parted a Law contrary to the Provifo, the
Law would be valid. The ' Relation between the Principal and his Deputy' (till re-
mains entire ; the Deputy is dependant on the Principal, and may be removed by hitn
at Pleafure. But as the Principal cannot give Powers to the Deputy which he has not
himfeif, ft) neither can he leflen the Powers given to the Deputy by the Charter. If
the Proprietary can, by Prohibitory Claufes in his Commiflion, re (train the Deputy
from pafling any one Law which otherwife he had Power by the Charter to pafs, be
may by the fame Rule reftrain him from parting every Law, and fo the Deputy would
be no Deputy. That the Charter makes the Proprietary ' civilly anfwerable for
' what is done in the Province by their Lieutenants,' we conceive to be a Mirtake.
The Proprietary is, by the Charter, made anfwerable for any Mifdemeanour that he
himfeif mail commit, or by any wilful Default or Neglect permit, againft the Laws of
Trade and Navigation. But if the Deputy commits a Mifdemeanour, which the Pro-
prietary does notpermit, through his own 'wilful Default or NeglecJ, we pre fume he is
not anfwerable for fuch Mifdemeanour by the Charter ; and left, in Reafon, now,
than when the Charter was. given ; as by an Act of Parliament of later Date, every
Deputy appointed' by the Proprietary, muft, before he can acl as fuch, receive the
Royal Approbation. The very Nature and Reafon of the Thing, moreover, feems to
us td fliowi, that a Deputy to do a Thing, fhould have all the Powers of the Princi-
pal neceflfary for doing that Thing 5 and every Lieutenant or Deputy Governor, is, by
the Nature of hisOffice, and the Reafon of his Appointment, to fupply or bold the
Placed a Governor. But the Royal Charter being fo exprefs and plain in (he Point,
leavesus undernoNeceihty of inveftigating this Truth by Reafon. Should our Con* -
ftitoerits t < when they chufe us to reprefcnf them in AflVmbly, not only inftruct us, but
even take Bondyo'i us, that we mould affent to H0Lwvfor the better and more effe&ual
Recovery 6f the Proprietary B^itrents, if fuch aL^w wrre lequired of us, or thought
neceflary by the Governor : Would he think fuch Prohibitions or Konds valid t Would
Jie not fay they were void in themfelve?, as forbidding what he thinks a juft and reafon-
able Thing; depriving us of the Right of uftrig onr heft Difcretion, arid refUaining the
Powers gl anted! to us by Charter. The' Cafe we conceive to be the fame with relpect
to the Proprietaries Lieutenant (who is their ReyivefcTrtfcvWt^ Vi Vt \*fo\^vfc\svt^ -^^^
Governor thinks himfeif to be. * The Govevrvtueiix, *XK\>fofclL*KN<^& <& ^*.^»^-
' venuaeatjareiafepurMeS fays Chief Jufoce Poilex/en* %\vsw»»Vwwn«> v ^^

39«

A P P EN D I X.

* wherever the Government is granted, the Exercife of that Government is meant and
4 included. If the King grant to any one the Government of Jamaica* or the like,'
continues he, ' fore no one will fay, that that is not a Grant of the Exerci/e of the

* <*Overnment there 1* And we fuppofe this is as good Law, with regard to {he Grant
of fatQavtrrifatritoifemijfyhxmia. ' . \/ T ^/ r :

'■ TheGbvttnor is pleafed to fay, that he cannot r^elpobferving/ that we foi^erly uf-
#d the lame Arguments againft the Validity of Royal lnftruclions. We b a ve ail due
Refpe€l*itd^)efererice for Royal Inftruclions j trie King has not any >wne^V more
dutiful' and loyal People j but what does the Governor intend by the .Vai^plty of
Ihftrtiftibhs ? ' Does he m«arl that they are Laws in the Colonies r And ir,the Royal
hmYu&ibns were^uch, does it follow that Proprietary Inftruclions jiaye t}\e fame Vali-
dity f We apprehend there may be fome Difference,' but at prcfent itis pbtneceuky to
dilcufs it. ■«*■■'- ,A ' " ( \" '"'■; '^. " >J ,,'."." - ..'

For our doubting in theleaft the Governor'^ Power to make the" offe^ tenants of
I>and (frWof Purchase Money and C[uitrent for Fifteen Years) in the Befialf of the
Proprietary, he is pleafed totre?t us with great Contempt on account of our Igno-
rance, observing, that ' it if fomething <very extraordinary , that the Reptefcntative

* Body^of Penrijylvama mould know fo little of the Affairs of the Province^ as never
•• to have been informed, that the Governor grants the Proprietary Lands undcrai/r-

* tain Power of Attorney, regularly proved and recorded, called a Commijpon of grofer-
' ty : That this Power was formerly verted in private Perfons, but for lome Years paft

* has been giVento the Governors j and being the Foundation of Propeity, cannot be

* unknown to any the leafi acquainted with the Circumstances of the Province. And

* no**, continues the Governor, to aflc a Qweftion or two in my Turn, How could
^you think, that the Lands in the Province were granted under the Powers of « Com-
r million [meaning his Commifiion as Lieutenant Governor] which exprefly prohibits

•the' Granting of arty'?* Really we mould be very ignorant indeed if we thought

fo ; but it happens, may it pleaie the Governor, that we are perfectly well acquainted
with all thefe Matter?, and Uav« even now lying before us an authentic Copy of thaj

. certain Pcnver of Attorney, called a Commiffon of Property, which we fuppofe molt, who
have read (he Governor's Meffage, are pcrfuaded gives, him full Poweis to make the
Grants of Land, which in his Meffage of the Twenty-eighth paft, he propoled .< tp
4 make to fiich Perfons as (hall now engage to go upon an Expedition [q renjovfl the

* French from their Encroachment on the River Ohio, without any Purchase* Money,

* and tree of Quitrent for Fifteen Years.' Our Copy of this CommtuWn. is taken
from the Records, and certified to be a true One, under the Hand and Ofriire Seal of
the Matter of the Rolls. We have examined it thoroughly to find the Powers by which
thof'e Grants were to be made, and unfortunately (we areforry we, aieobijged to fay
it to the Governor) there is no fitch 'Thing ; not even a Syllable of the Kimi t But on
the contrary, after a Power given tq the Governor to grant Lands claimejd by Yurtue of
former Purchafes, there is this Clanle, < And alfo, by Warrants to be iffued as a-

* Forefaid, to giant to any Per(on or Perfons who fhall apply for the fame, and. to their

* Heirs and Aflignsfor ever, any vacant Lands within the faid Piovtnce and Coun-

* ties, or any of them, upon, by and under the same Terms, Method's, Tfcents and

* Refervaiions, as ha<ve of late been ufed and traclifedin the faid Land Office, but for

* no less Price, Condition, 'Kent or kefcrvation in any t wife. y That is, for
Fifteen Pounds y Ten Shillings, per Hundred Acres, Purchafe Money, and* four Shil-
lings and Twopence Sterling Qmtrent. And now will t)ie Governor give us Leave to
afk a Queftion or two in our 1 tun ? , * How could he think that Lands, might be

* granted away, without any Purchafe Money, and i'rtt of Quitrent for Fiheen Years,
4 under the Powtrs of a Comrniflion which exprefly forbids his granting '^py* "under
lefs Price, Condition, Rent or Refervation wbatfoenier, than has of' late been ufed and
praeljfed hi the Land Office P How could he think of referring us to fuch ^fcomiruifion
rbr ; his Power to make thofe GjantAwhen he knew it was never there? 1tfow rcould
he flight his Reputation fo much, as to hazard fuch an Impofiticn on the Aflcw'bly and
^hole^Pi'ovihce ! ----one foeafdy detected ! We make no further Remajks on this,
7eW w^lhotimagain incur the Cenfureof treating our Governor in an * un&cooiing

>Q& * © "- * ' . *.* V ^

399

reduce the Offer to a

APPENDIX.

* in ¥r)&ttititi£ fo all others, with every Thing elfe that could reduce the Offer

* Certainty/ j^ch there was no Neceffity ©f doing in a Meffagato us, barcj^ m*n*.

* tioning tfie) Thing, and recommending to us to gran.t an Aid to thofci. tbafc/kpvM

* become Settkrs/ It is remarkable how (lowly and gradually this generau^j^^e^r \-ip
Squeezed out. We never heard a Word of it during all the Time of G^^^^Bxad^
dockH Ekpedftipn, for which Recruits were railed both in this and the A nejg}ib9uriag
Colonies, tho T the Governor brought over with him, and had in his, £)pj^e£/3^',$jpe
while/ that '/« certain Power of Attorney, called a ComrniJ/ion of Property j t %y .ftMcfe
we artr i eferred for his .Powers of making the Offer. But as ibon as the Hoqfe had
toted to raile fifty Tbou/and Pounds by a Tax. on all the Efta'es in the Proving \ read
and perfonal, down conies a Meffage, containing a Propofal tp grant Lancj$ to the
Soldiers who (hould engage in the Expedition $ a Propofal made <witb a good intention*
as the Governor fays 5 that is, with an Intention to get the Proprietary Eft ate exempted
from the Tax, by feeming to offer an Equivalent in another Manner i but worded, i»
the molt cautious Terms, as became an Offer made without Authority y and £3 a$ in-
deed to offer Nothing that could affecl the Proprietary 5 for the Quitrent to be referred,
not being afcertained, but left in the Proprietary's Breaft, he might, when the Patent*
weretoirfiie, demand a Quitrent greater than the Worth pf the Land, Trjis being
obferved, and talked of, we had another Meffjge, intimating that »he Quitrent to be
ref«rved (hould be only the common Quitrent or Four Shillings and Tnvo pence Sterling*
per 100 Acres. But ftill the Land was no otherwife defcribed than as Weft of lb* Al-
legheny Mountains 5 leaving the Proprietary at Liberty, after the Conqueit (hould be
made, to pick out, according to the modern Practice, all the beft Lands for himfelf
and his Friends, and offer the Adventurers fuch as they would be Aire not to accept of
under that Rent. And this being pointed out, we are now told* * that a future Pro-

* clamation is to give them the Choice of the heft Lands ; but it was not neceffary to

* mention this to us in a Meflage recommending to us the Granting an Aid to thofe

* Settlers/ If we were to grant Aids to the Settlers on Proprietary Lands, was it
toot proper for us, as Guardians of the People, to know theTerms on which they were
to" hazard their Lives, and fee that thofe Terms were good in themfelves, and the Of-
fer duly afcertained? We conceive, may it pleafe the Governor, that whenever ire
grant an Aid for the Encouragement of luch Settlers, it will be proper to have the
Terms afcertained by the fame Law, and not left to the precarious Effe6t of a Procla-
mation thereafter^ to be made by a Governor, in the Proprietary's Behalf, without anjr
apparent Power for fo doing. If the Offer is well meant, a Law to afcer^ain it cannot
hurt the Proprietaries : The Recovery of the Country, and the Settlement of the Lpnds 9
iare two dktincl Things. Let us firli join equitably in the Tax for the Recovery 5
and whenever the Governor (hall be witling to pafs fuch a Law, we are not averle to
givirtg. the Propofal of granting Lands a full and mature Confutation 5 and afford-
ing fuch equivalent Encouragement to Settlers, in Prrvifions, Sec. as we mentioned in
our former Meflage. But it he can pafs fuch a Law to grant the Proprietary's Lands
contrary to the Prohibition in his Commiffion, may he not full as well pafs the Bill
for 1 ' taxing the Proprietaries Eftate ? . .

We cannot leave this Point, without a Word or two in juftification of ourfclve«, a-

gainft the heavy Charge of depreciating, from a bad Temper of Mind, \K\s generous

Offer* tbajrwould have had fuch good Ejfe&s in promoting the publiek Service and

$afetV. Wt would not be mifunderftood 5 we look upon it that Lands may he made a

valuable Encouragement, but we do not fee any Generofity in offering them to the Re-

~coi&rers \i double the Market Piice. ■ The Encouiagement to Adventurers is not

<dj(h1iJifhed, but rather intreafed, by our telling them wheie they may, for, their Ser^

ViceVin Wikfame Expedition, have Lands equally good and more convenient oa better

^Terrtte.' For the Virginia vacant Lands are many of them nearer to navigable. Wf-

te'r ^han t^e good Weftern Lands of this Province, and equally well accommodated by

WeWaggbp Road made by the late Army. It is true, t,he Proprietaries ^rice is

'FtffM Pounds Ten Shillings per Hundred Acre*, with^a Quitrent of Four ShiUmgs. anjl
Tkvp pence Sterling. Numbers who imprudently made Improvements b,efore,pey ob-
tained a Title, were obliged to give that Price j and the great Affiftance. our loan -
XXfice afforded, by furnifhing Money, to poor People on low ; Jpejcft, ^ftfcnifcit
again in %lt>ayments, thereby enacting them % ^t^^^i^y ^^^t
xhtycouW not have eifewhere, might encoura^ TO ^1^^>^^V^^^^
tike up Lands on thofc Terms. But that \% iWtf tV v w ^v E^\>* ^WX^ * ^

" »nd it #^ wVar* tohuve no mare <ff die ICitrdy «n^ >«I^Wtfl^^ ^cMfBI«g^i«llfc

"ifcutit* PM 'Fbrce, A was k e*tr *fioWn thai afcy *eb#* <*M& t titiiifF&$l4a t#"(ftS.

chafe here, on account of the fupeiior Go^ttswVbtirehitbcxM'^^ilitoyXfn

"ffilcMtzit, TiaWnot fnatry Thbtifands of FatoiKe«<g^^fd^ 'he^e^H^^j ^and

-ttfofe%& ftir Y<ears fertled^fifteen of twenty Ww^(&foitfes%i ftrarCcSftiy? Hate

W TfiBoTancls^k^ife leftlkfo ktte*nG4rM&tertnoim&&tt*m>ttteth

'w-hWft : tHaPit)pliemrirt b<?ldthefrLaT>ds, a*d thtfr Negfea of £fc^P(l*c«aitfrg»ih

S^c^to'lc^tr^hatPrice, driVefc theft PeopfetfiHtolhTOWf u¥j ti^mvlffcfc^ld

Stftttalay^Vc been to * nitnih m^flburiih^Cin^W^.- *e^Nnh*e¥fcf B|h¥-

%itan;^^ bur Trade wciild, in all f fdbllhi%$ >h**e?tee# ^oWHfe /Aare'ilfollM ia£

t^eYiirtdre kbtetd defetid ttoelVoprietavy 1 * Eftate, atf3 >p&y%isTa* fetflifrrfj aftWW-

«ftj!y iiiore*' w^ Kng t • - - - Btft they a re gone, arid got)* ' for cve>i" and WrnBere art? g&

ini a## tfcVm !•— And if the new Vtlifkk* pttvatt^firtt e«N* dift^*nVn!^f>ri¥irei.

*e* f aVe°*nfe try one To be taken fawn <n», we HitiyJ withbtft-the <&«W^opK&

W, VeWtfrt >rb /oreflel, that the Province wiU <©tm *nfcpty ftetffriflat ftfftetin*n ft

^rfiffedi 1 -' lf - ' " ' ""• : * > :.-*.vhf.Pi,i i.v.'-m r%*f* ; f: ri^r' ■*

~ : ^'fine/trtftOflfer was inFaft a°rne*e fftoften totetfded <h%%6 iroftdfctfh'th* JM*-

.^fnW# tfofcHlien on the*Peopte 5 it wwJHcewifeto^wr* ^V^athoW iiitlKrEyes

WM^Mtiiii^y.ii--^We difcbv%red the Inception, *«d the GeifernoY* tfletftie^

Shafw* Aid not -keep the 'Secret. Me is, «« ftftontfhed- that we flfoiirfa^ilepreVMfce-aS-

*« 'Ofl^WJuch Wdald have had very g6od Effects, anllfybWedfoany W"Va#e gprii

** ©n^e^xpeditaon andhecome SHtfem, *hkt WoUld n<tt ©theiWe have thtnight of

*tl©itr]f eWher/T Maylt pleafefh* Governor,** bad *n Opinion asfcetV $ear«M &

•e5ifefta?A of^o*, we have fotne <?6nfcieoce j and wcnlW not &iuft; by 6d* SrteticeSli

$aie l $trf $hafe in theDtoppoiwtrnent antl other iH Conferences wMcH imj^t;ehTufc

$6 Hike <whb (hould have gdne on that *afcue, empty, *iWa*rantc<1<C^r^'^ htfc

^c^rTtfharenliotightdftt; And wet «» our Turny ftrtryfce wJ?riijfcthto&t il &&X$9>

'trtindFAb^d expeaitoftM. . . y r:^ - " H n ^ - --- '*

- Wrtre irtftRe n**t Place told by the Govern©*, ^thatwfrtak^aVeffl^c^IWlrinc^

^yc*t^tWet> the Proprietary as Owner of Land, and the Pro*neYaT^afS ! e1n*et fe&

J* irerndr^atfd fay, wed© not tax hith as Governor, tWt as aXand 7 lit»1deYisihicf Feflbw^

*« ImS/ear' Onr Words are, ** We do notfr&ptfe ttfta* him as Oc*eVn^; f Bte*

fctrt thrf Gbferftor fey earefttflj omitting the Vfordpropoft, In lii* <JJ^otatiin« giifel^fti

l^lf art H^pportutifty of expatiating on the Abfurdtty and trifote^ce of otirinVe'M^ 1 ^

^der ol Ijfcrngs, and aiftimirig a Power to tax the Pr&p*igtatiei, '■■'* m$ti*Whoifi}*&

*• nr|S!eanWt6 fay, werferrve the Power dfa6l?ngM an Aflfen»b^r^ ^ft^tfieWifa

irofofe been honeftly left in its Place, there would have been no RoStff 5 !©? Itt'thli

^ecferbatfon ; and the Demand, How came roo by* R^brm^a^timi^ ^tn^ebt

liave weir been fpared } fihce, tho' we a* an AiTenibty hkve tib Right te^ftBtt^fW

yrTetary ErVate, yet the Proprietary and Afferhbly together ha ve s fWreljf' , fedf a1S] fL:,

imd as he'is prefent " by his own panixJuiar Ifeprtfe^tatiVe the G^v^rborv^ Wi

have'a Rrght to propofe ibc\\ a Thing to him, if^we thirik iri^afbnab»& ^Effjieei

*fcnce we do not, as the Governor imagines we do, : derive oufc Power^ of fie^in^ ( as(a^

^Lffembly from ihe Proprietary, but from tbe fame Royal Chatter^ that ilrJpoWferVfclrti

to^a as Governor. : ' . - ■ '■ '■ -:?.'..vi'. :^:uATan^:^ f.s

* We had been told in a former Meflage, that the Pi^oprte ; Wr^otignfy^ ! e>e{ar
from Taxes, for he was a Governor, and Governors we¥e exe^p* r %^t?a>ire ;i t
their riffi<fe r'We^reply^', that he did not goiem tis, ^ut thePrc^m*rapp*«ei T
I^ieutetidrrt to do that Duty Tor him. CM rhts the Governor rtdwma^ 1 th¥ fbll^Wi
ySletvatfoTj-, ^ : If-may be very true, as you fey, that the Proprfliarfes^dtf W&*gfab
*« ;yW r bntthat; is not owmg to any Want of a legat Atrthorrty- inth^tiH^nf If
^hntite^Oteft:, i\tet"'l-*k& frot mentidn here." *W# were lepro'aditd Yitf ^B6<
v &*hW of - i mi ! MefrV^ to* tying ivJtfj Wdrfcf *6&t\ib ^ aov^rh^/ ftftSettr;*
Cp^t^ugh^ftie^rilVcaioW. -The Reafon we g^ve why the PtopVietery tbMffndfl

^fa&ffn* tft9r : t)vW PfeSdfM «t > ^wfe^fevd -tofett; ^'w^^^^WSjWfc

4t
«<

4<

A t> V EN b 1 *. 4bt

«* tie#titfld fcfmuate, toorfor Wfctit of fufricierit tower rnhis Hands hy theVonffi*
ttrtfottj hot becaufe he bat not that ty/Wr of Government, that $#//', and thofe AbiaT
thr, that fhould qualify liim for his Station.

The Governor is pfeafed to tell us, " That our Diftin&ion between the Proprieta*
*« ry a* Owner of Land, and the Proprietary as chief Governor, hat no Exiftenck
"** ih fcaw or Reafon.'' We mall endeavour to (hew him, that it exifts in both with
Tegard to thcr fcngi and theref ore prefume it may with regard to the Proprietary.—
The Governor feUs us lijcewife, as a Matter of Law, " that the King can have no
«« private Eftate, but from the Dignity of his Office holds his Lands in Right of the
* f Crowns* We are not any of us Lawyers by Profeflion, and would not venture to
tilifpate the Governor's Opinion, if we did ndt imagine we had good Authority
for it : We find in Finer'i Abridgment, an allowed Boole, Title Defcent of Lands %
fchefe Observations, which we hope may be Satisfactory to the Governor in both Points*
It is there raid, «« That the King has two Capacities for he has two Bodies, of
«« which the one is a Body natural, confiding of natural Members, as every other
Man is ; the other is a Body politick, and his Members thereof are his Subjecl?;
He may take in his Body natural , Lands or Tenements, as Heir to any cf his An-
ceftors $ and alfo in this Capacity may purchafe to him and his Heirs, and his
Heirs fliafl retain it, notwithstanding that he is removed from the Royal
• 4 E&ate. And he may alfo tike or purchafe Lands or Tenements in Fee in
,c his Body Politick, that is to fay, to him and to h'ts Heirs Kings of England, or to
" him and his SuccefTors Kings of England $ and fo his double Capacity remains, as
** it does in other Perfons who have a double Capacity, as Bifhop or Dean." &c.
We preftime that our Proprietaries hold the Manors they have laid out to them*
fclves, and the other Lands they may have repurchafed in their Province, in their pri-
vate Capacities, as Thomas Penn, or Richard Penn, and not in their Capacity of chief
Governor.— —The Governor is pleafed to alk>w, " that one Reafon why the King**
•' Fee-Farm Rents are taxed in England, may be, that the Land Tax fliould not fail
** heavier upcri other Lands in the lame DiftncV* It feems to us a good Reafon,
find to hold as well in our Cafe. For fhould the Proprietaries go on encreafing their?
already enormous Efhte, fiie and recover all their Mortgages, add Field to Field,
ind make Purchafe after Purchafe, till the Number of Freeholders in the Province it
reduced to a Handful : Can it be thought reafon able that every Eftate as it comes into
their Hands (hall be exempt from Taxes, and the Burden of fupporting the Govern-
rnent, and defending the Ptovince, thrown all upon the Remainder ? And yet
this rmift be the Cafe if our Diftinftion has, as the Governor fays* no Exiftcnce ill
Law or Reafon.

The Governor denies that the Feet and Perquifites he enjoys are paid for Support
tff Government 3 they are, he fays, " only moderate Fees confented to be fixed b^
*' Law, as Confiderations for the Bufinefs done j and the Publick-houfe Licences,
•• which are the chief of them, were originally granted by Charter." This lattet
Affenion is quite unintelligible to us. We can find no Inch Grant in the Royal Char-
ter, nor can we conceive how the Proprietary can grant a Fee to himfelf by his owii
Charter, The Governor is a Stranger here, and may be unacquainted with the Rift
and Eftabliftimem of vtfhat is called the Support qf Government among us. He will
therefore permit us to relate it to him, as we have received it from our Ancestors, and
find Traces of it oft our own Retford*. When the firft Settlers purchafed Lands front
the Proprietary, he demanded, befides the Confidera»ion-Money, that a Quitrent
lhouW fcV refer ved and paid to him and his Heirs yearly for ever. They objected a*

fairm this as a difagreeafile and unreasonable Encumbrance ; but were told, that th6
roprletary being alfo Governor, though he took the Piirchafe-Money for the Land at
Proprietary,' he refefved the Quotients to be paid for his Support as Governor $ for thai
Government muii be /uppoi ted, and thefe Quitrents would be the moft equal and eafy
Xa*, amj prevent the NeceiTity of oilier Taxes for that Purpbfe here, as they did in
th£Kuit£* Government of Virginia. Thefe Reafons induced them to acquiefce in ir f
*£— *8utthePioprietaiy*s Affairs calling him to refide in England, and the Quitfent^
f ^J^-fe% ^ im J * ,J wanted to fupport him there, a Lieutenant Governc^bepanjf
^ ^ r,J Vgfi&*l£* a Support for th*t Lieutenant, as the Proprietary., through thi
^Fhis Affairs, was unable to fopport h\^ r *tY^^
ilJLUtences and Fees were pitched upon for xVva jtconA ^^^\>>wVV^^y j
b&ite given to the Governor for t^Ti«oe»^«-^r^ v ^^^^JSftSx
#*'*6i j &tidtei witk Salary, ^m^t^i*^ .-tafiMW ^^g^j

4 02 APPEND I;X/

maintain fuitably the Dignity of their Station, ocqtfiQnal.P^fenl^.^cflg i i^ftfa fr

Time to Time % and thofe at Length came to be expecled a$ of Rights ^rb^Mwf 'i

cedeii to, and etfabl idled by, the People, would have, rnade a *&rg,§u>flp9i fc [jB^tia ;

Our Situation., at t|m Time if,,, that the prefent Proprietaries claim,, andeBJ^j^ft :

.Quitrents (which were tUefirfi Support) as Part of their private Eftaje, an^ft^y ^f!l

to England, where they re fide, remote from their Government, fypplyine &&1ftl(&

litre by a,LiflU'enait. The Lieutenant takes and 9njoy$ l U)e^icence;- / ^L^y^j9^^,

tber Perqui files, which weie ihe faond Support, and though he has from T#J$ S}fe

lings to Three Pounds for writing his Name only (the Secr^tarybejng $#}d Six^#»

bt tides for the. Licence *nd $<M) fnyp, they are only mqderaie Fejes i^Cottfderation.fir

Bufmefs done. Arid now if we do no' regularly give thofe a^ditioJiaJ,IVefei>tf^iv)^A

were only the Marks of our Good -will, and Tokens of the Satisfa^ jon we f had c i^|

Governor's AdminmVation ; every Thing elfe that a. Governor en joys U forgot, api

we are charged both at Home and A^ioad with the b^Qous Crime of ^refumiAg la

ivitkbcld the Support of Government - . . .. Thus we, fee how fpon Cuflo«i ma? .be* *

come a Law, how thiiiiy a Thing Power is, and how hard to hefatisfied. " Claitnsi ■

" as the Governor fays, vui/J, never be, wanting" and if the People will give " when*

" ever they are requited' 1 to give, they may fpon be " {tripped of every Thing $tf

te have a Right to enjoy/* , M , ...*

The Governor is pieafed to acquaint us, that all the Fees and Perquifites ©f tjw

Government do not amount, camwunibus Annis, to more . than a Thorn/and Pounds}

meaning, as we fuppole, Sterling Money. This the Governor enjoys fully and free*

ly, and we never.inteifeie in his D»fpjfiuonof it, any more than in the Proprietaries

Uifpofition, of theQutrents. We think this a handfome Support for a Governor*

an 1 tho* he calls it only moderate F«es for Bufmefs done ; yet if he can earn Q*H

Tboufand Pounds Sicrhng a Year in fucb Fees, the Bufiuefs mult certainly he a

gOOd One. ; ,-. ...;:;.,■ : il>

On our frying that fome Proprietaries and Governors of petty Colonies auumejnoie
Prerogatives and Iiumupittvcs than ever were claimed by their Royal Mafter, the§f
vernor giows warm in Behalf of the Prop* ietaries, and demands withal} the A*m£
a Perfon canfetous of being in the Right, Wbatlnfianc.es can you give of tb^ d]fatwt£
'Behaviour in your Proprietaries? We anfwer, The prefent Inftancej for the Kiflg
does not claim an Exemption from Taxes for his private E It ate, as our froprjeWes

do. Have they ever claimed any Rights or Prerogatives not granted them tyh$i

Royal Charter, or referved by that of their Father? Yes, The Right of beiflg ex^oppt
'from Taxes for their Eft ate in Pennjylvania y when all their Fellow Subje£U (for tj>f
Proprietaries are Subjects, tho' tht Governor ftems to difdairi the Terra) both in £ag*
land and America, nut excepting even the Lords and Commons of Parliament, are»n*w
pbliged to undergo a Tax for the Recovery of Part and Defence of the Rejl.oi. THAT
very Estate. This Right is not granted them by the Royal Charter, nor cpuhj
\t be referved by their Father % Charter. Can you lay to their Charge Qne Ivfiance qfin*
juflice or Severity ? This is an Aft or Injuitice and Severity, to infill that ,t^e feqpje
ihall not he allowed to ra«fe Money for their own Defence, unlefs they will agreed
defend the Proprietary El|ates gratis* If this be comply'd with, and the.War conti-
nues, what (hall hinder them another Year, when the Fifty Tboufand Pounds Aiexp&Ar
ed, to require, that before we are allowed to raife another Sum for the fame Puroqft,
we Anil agree not only to defend their Lands, l>ut to plough them : For this their Un-
tenant may ailedge the •' Ufage and Cit/lorn" in Germany^ and put us iq J^jnd, that

we are chiefly Germans. Who can afTuie us, that their appropriated r Lan4^fo

long kept untenanted and idle, are not referved in Expectation of foirie ( &ch forjy-
nate Opportunity ? Can other In fiances, in Anfwer to the Governpr\s 'Qne^jpj^^e
neceflary ? If he thinks it difcreet to inQlt'on more, they .np^ay foonToe at; his

Service. ' % ' ..,\\^^^A t

We arc then denied to turn our Eyes on our own Conduct, and charged iji^igh

**. ed to fay, many others* unknown to an Engfijb Conititution, andjie^er^eam^n

y the"other Plantations." , A rbund Charge, but not more eaGJy macjejlr^t^fftfaeapJ.

'The Governor allows, <c thatwe\k^ve ^\\vWYov»w%^d V^^gps^f a

I s 9ccordmg to the Rights of tht £vee.-Y>Qi^\&\t&* oS E^onA,^ >y s

'f of the Kings Plantatiana in "Amrka ? «A^#s.^^

r

booh

A/ P P E N D IX.' 40?

• *

*hi?tsfc&al htiftmett d&ettif ihem. We claiin ttoRrght 6Fdi«>enfi%wfth Law?.
TKe Rigfet 6f diQiofing of our own Money, we thiflk tt a natural Right, antf we have
eTijoyed it etfer fince the' Settlement of the Province, and cohftantly beeh iri' theExer-
<flw of it in every Inftance, except perhaps in a few, where, on extraordinary <Occafi-
dn*, ! we have chofeh to make fpecial Appropriation by a particular Liw." It is alio
jMeflTed *tod praftifed by feverat other AffemMies. We have morepvet fheRlfeht of

hearty Ffverid, the late Governor's Father, who had lived many Yea'l^' a rnorig-ii?^
a%d wia9 fki lied in our Laws 9 in a fbltmn Speech, recorded tn'our Mihut^j frefctions
Ah 2k one of our Civil Rights, among the other HappineiFe* of our ConftitHiron,'
With which he was thoroughly ? acquainted. Our inferring therefor^ in the BH1 if
Claufei that the Governor mould have a Voice in rhe Difpofition of the Money in-
tended to Be raifed, was* partly irfConfuleratton that fhte Proprietary was, by the Bill/
to contribute m Proportion to his Eltate, and to avoid nnfeafonaWe Di'puYes '$— --hut
fihce we are' daily more arid more convinced that the Governor" is no Friend'to our*
Country, and takes a Pleafurein contriving aW poflVMe Methods of Expence, toeXhauft;
our Funds, and diftrefs our Affairs (of which the prefent exorbitant Dem arid of
Five ThtHifand Pounds, befides what we have already p v ai<1, for.civmng a Roafd, an
Undertaking he engaged us in on a Computation of its cofting Eight Hundred Pounds,
ahd which if this be due muft coft us about an Hundred Pounds per Mile) it will be-
come us to be more particuHrly careful how our pnbliek Mortry frull be expended,
when the greateft Sums whteh can be raifed upon this young Colony muft fall fdfar
fltOrt of what may' become abfoiutely neceffary for cur common Security.

That we 1 claim aRight of keeping our Proceedings a Secret from the Crown, ano- .
trier of the Governor's groundlefs Accu fat ions, has been twice refuted, and is yet a third
IJime cotfrageoufly repeated ; though all the Province knows that our Votes arid Pro-
ceedings are every Year printed and publifhed, and have been fo fvr thefe'Thirty
Years 1 paft ahd more. Equally' groundlefs are the [many others] which the Governor
fbVbears to particularize. ' Cculd he have thought of one that had the leaft apparent
Foundation, he would not nave fpared to mention it,
x Plans and Schemes of .aggrandizing ourfelves the Governor has often charged us
with/ and now repeats the Charge. He affects to tonfider us as a permanent Body,
or fbme particular Order of People in the State, capable of planning and fcheming for
tneir own particu'ar Advantage, diftin6r from that of the Piovince in general. How
• groundlefs this 1 muft be, is eafily conceived, when *tis confidered, that we are pick'd
06* fVOm among the People*" by their Suffrage*, to reprefent them for one Year only ;
w^ich ended, we return again among Yhe People, and others may be, and often are
thofen in oyr Places. Nx> one of os knows a Day before the Ele&ion that he fhall be
dfafen, and we neither bribe nor follicit the Voters, but every one votes as he pleafes,
and Us '-privately as he pleafes, the Election being by written Tickets'folded up and put
into aBox.-----What Intereltcan fuch a Body have, feparate from that of the Pub-
lic ? What Schemes can a 'Sett of Men, continuallv changing, have, or what Plans
ea"h they form to aggrandize themfelves, or to what Purpofe mould they have or form
<rtem ? If the little Power allowed us by the Conftitirion was fixed in our particular
"FaniiKesy and to defcend to our Heirs, as the Proprietary Power does in their Fami-
ly; we^rmght then be fufpecled of thefe aggrandizing Plans and Schemes, with more
'Appearance of Probability. Bui if any of us had fuch Schemes, the Want of a fingle
W& ih any Election might totally difconcert them, there being no Tenure more ptt*
^taHbbs than that by popular Efteem 6t Favour.

£I " The Governor next cohfiders what we have laid relating to the K&jorrmfing County
Rafts and Levies, and is pleafed to fay, that ' he does not fee why the Proprietary
^Eftateraeaeh County is not benefited in com m On with other Eftates, and by the •
*^mVMeaiwi r That the Proprietaries Eftate mould be excufed in a County Rate,
*t leaft fo far as {hat Rate is levied for the Payment of Affemblymens Wages, appears
iRtfis e<qnita1>le ; for it would feem unreafonable to tax an Eftate to defray their Ex-
' peneesj $f the Poffeffor had no Vote in chufing a Reprefentative in that HoiiieY But
-3ve conceive it is' widely different in a Provincial Tax, wlv«* \V\* ^\tttw*sXT\W^-«^
' ^«rrft)r of all are concerned 5 and yet \\ tY\t ^tow«cix\Ci Wc*A ^x^^^^^^
*+mWM**iifoz\\f been taxed by the Cototv ?U^*tA\^ K^^ox^x^^^
^rtmetm £/fefe5 ought ta ifcritmw to p^ ^w M«L««ox^. \x^s^<^*

A P P E N i> r X*

£o, te fa WfKefUoijf of a, CommoDflf, becaiM* tkiy>)*<m m£ozwty&c* _..

f'^i^W.MWww tb«Si|»irc or Burgefs.ijmtf^tWers n&Ge^ita^Ap
*£**M& bcciirfe they were.of another Houft, , fy*t : iL*teyj)mb*k& r — J

jjfcW'i

Attr

Vere* W° r C fucp Purcjuufe, chargeable with tb^J£*$ejic*:«, tJ*ofc Land*

'jmikfiWlW-iW fypkafo ^o^inue charg«aWc tfcswitft by XAj*s; *N*» . - _~,

Aft, tbc Land's the Lords were fazed of, or puichafed, \v^e e^uifdo^^irt^
Cjia^.. _ Bu^to' fuck Lands were excufed from/-*^ Ra^t, wjy? ^tyoOM&WL
thills * itete^.ttettte Lords arq, exempted from paying |Jm ^a&oAl 7>^4tife A*fet
${<£$ V, % Expenses provided forty that A£» !*« tl*ougb,W as ^. &Mf*ftfc£X
£ubyat<$ noXafidsjuany of the Counties, but 1*1 \hm \\$!fci% M*fkHh PfsJM
jj^pfeably qo o^eep that might fuffer by Wolves, Poultry fy ; Eox$i^ pc&ot)>]E QjKF»
^<^i}lackbircU* G^ana* therefore might reasonably; bejejje^d front f b$(jp Ta*t*>%t
^erO^raUe . Mfanev %? drftroy fucb Vermin. But or fartpe^ ConfeieratWfl, cWe $nr
w^lin^togive/Ujp that Point to the Governor, ajn4 agree that thei* E^S&jway qa $?
fl^'r'V<>nl>der4UQD J be equally benefited ; concluding wit^al^ /^ ^/^^^, iis^njfr?
*gffilt*t*y; for, at to the Conditions qf Confent th^Qpseruor u>enno»Vlhf& ?"*[
^?re&^magina^ry t thp' the Governor, fpeaks of theu),vyitK.tbe fam«^p^r^ A^ap <*
as if, K^adrthe Contra^ between the then Governor and Afiembiy. un/der M*P»: i$4>
$eal r^i^PpflreflTon.. The exempting Provifo in, thaxAA^tb* Gove* not $$&%,*%
r declarative cf the Rights of the Proprietaries Station* qf wjiich tj;e Pjeople ,m^ne^
v ^ ,«D'gW be Ignorant.' Be it fo then % and let u* fie what arc. tb$ Words i jdfax
€ ijided^lfo % that the Proprittarj and Governor s pr<^r ty ate Jb^,nQt U liqhU, Q,k*
** rated or *aj[ejjed bj Virtue of this A8* We iubmit, Their Efta^ft couft go£ J*
taxed by virtue of that A&> for the Purpofe* intended by that Aft ,i ,*.*J3»*- C 1|>R &g&i
of. th^ir. Station, it feems. But is this a Reafbn, why they fyouki not.be taxetjkby <g)ry
MtfA&for any other ?\xr$ofe*, or ty. aflptber Aft for tbeftaa* Purport whsiMfc
inall, become reafonable and neceffary ?

~ ^«rels,intbe fame. Aft an Exemption from the fa,me s Tax, of. all ,;f VP^
* Trafts or Parcels of Land/ belonging to any Ped'on whatipeter* fo,$^*ftQ»U
tiaf'gfaie'of the Right of fucb Landholders Station, and dpea. it ejeprcfly declare, ^
tnofe Gentleman are ' not liable to K Taxes ? % If fo, why did not tfce Gpve wwr o^f
tg fha^ Part of our Bill likewife, which propofes to tax alljocatc^ ^ands^ oe Uvs> j
cailpn. whether, fettled or unfettled. Thofe plain Words, ^iPf^mmJ^fi^J
ifybeliahtetQ bi rated hy Virtue of this A3 t mudbe flrel^hed on. the &ic%\$&;pi
can be extended, as the Governor extends them, toagene/aJ Jpco(aratfpj^ * t&af<$&\
KPjfo^rie'tary Efate is not liable to Taxes,' But he is a dextrous P'ifpi^e&, and ^fiiHi
PJea/ure change, the Meanings of the plaineft Words^ anci make th^n^ u^ify» ra0Tfr # fe
lejs, as itfuitshisPurpo e. As, for another Inftance,} we had afted tbi? Qu^ftNWp;
•^W|>etner^ fuppofingtljeProprittary Mate fo be^a^eji, it would be, €quita^t|ajt A

'jy&rrf fUJ&Y. perhaps not a Hundredth Part'], which^we iuti;q4ucf cj.mtreiyjor f|e ,
,/^gument ^alce,' and cpnftrues them into a Deterinituitw?tof. K wha^wouW b^tb^ffrO^i
pjietanes ProDprtion^ which he is pleaied to agrte^tpji by jelling us, * Ij^wit Vd^iii

• Y 6 V that tie Proprietary Tax lyouldnptbe %ore tbaq a Hundredth Par^j^ib^ <\\Ml^s
^Wi t MjR Iain ^ b ^ :W. Phouehtat allot fixing anyt PropsprtioA.to .. jbgi f^ .bftjfetf
Ijyopaetary Efta/p, or any other Eibte,, being deftifute of the pro^ J^bfi^tk^i
ajj^avlng hy the fell) left th^t Matter to th^e Co^m^ofle^,^ AfftfofS^ wkomw
tohave before them the Conftables Ketuf-^^a/i^ tq bf 1wprw # or ^enjnj] "*
tcidQ eqyaj Jj^ftice, af^e^ informing fheniielve^oi; t^e\ V^lfift ;j of, £&«£(*
%.^ er ^^^t h T aI1 the M^a^s in th,eif fo^rer f Buf^p\vvg rp^Hi(
fagaib^x Ten TktyJwA&¥*\h W S mafefi^o DouU^the, Goyer&o& #r©vl
compl^lanfeno^Jo;^^ nvitb ^Jx^^t, Part*CM^f t tV'.wf "
c.yej7TJjing.elfej, , . . ., .. .

The )^overnor r * c^pnot eafd^coflceiy^ taispVafoMfcfi^-, * Am*H:

• u,oon a^hpicejisHalCth^t^toct,^^ Wfr4¥»^^i
to?* , m *y&$ffiffl> wo\t,\b»Xk Half f the { ClM?Ap« f ajd^yef) a»^n|^,thf^^^de

if Ar r^pea^ tfy tgrejs n^ Chp^UCt W tYva^^^>HS^^^ ^U^ t^ i M l gT

M P P E N D E X, 405

J^^&ft&^A^f£ft«^^T«Kiby»BilI, thewholeof **{& W>^tf« irrm%
t^er retoft-W paft. AiKkbataHiguft Bo4y, v^oofrtrHH^f^lii^^wriv- PbbJTdd
$*ock; af^ufofc* in it at a fufficknt Security for their Sftate*. Skit^^^^oprietane^
aiVunhappilybf differ Sentiments, ^ CAftROt tlwfe rb^i^dha te/^ofcfs their
wh^leEftdtc1t€re be entirely exempted, andtbe BuifdfchordtksrK^it^teofTieanad^
ditionaj Weigh*, to the Taxes** out Mother C<^iUfjr,aiM^ari ti^ FrecniWLof ibis and

The Governor is grievouGy offended at an E*pre0fttf $» out Mef&gft iW we have*
fe <*& BiH^ALLOWED i^wtf &&*-rirt the D>%oOti©rf of^ the^ ^ <fi&fo7ict Pounds r
a4ftkttn<ieWo?erttftih a Stormt>f angry Questions, •* Is it from yoif, Gentlemen,

* tnati derive (he Right of governing this Province, or from your Me^iciaice •" that G
« "have a: Vdieefa the Legiflature ? Are you the fdve#e*ga Di gofers of fower ? Haw
« jew the Right to give and takeaway at Pleafiire ? If ner^l whence that lofty Claimx
«* of a&tywing your Governor a Share in the Difpolkidn of' the Publick 'Money ?' Itfj
the Governor 'will 1 ' but have a litde Patience, we malt endeavour, hy af fewrcbol (bber t
Qneffieris, to explain this- Matter to him as well w wfcare able. Arc not all Money
$iiis to take their Rife in the Hotfrfe ? Can he poffibly have any Share rn thte Drtyofitio*
of publkfe Monty if it is hot railed ? and can it be railed without* our Allowance *<• -
J$ts the Governor a Right to make any Amendmenti to a Money Bill r If, thei«foi-e r
avCktufe is put into fuch Bill, giving him a Voice in the- Bifepofitioh of our Moneys
jnuft not fttch Claufe be firft Slowed by us to be tnferted ? To what Purjioieytben were*
arflthofe haughty Questions! We (hall anfwer them in a few Wottta We are nv£.

* the fovereign Difpofers of Power f. nor doeathe Governor • derive from us thay
** Right of governing this Province i* It were* vain Thing in us to fay it, fince hit*

letng our Governor would alone be a fuffieient Proof to the contrary*

;^he : Governor is pteafedto fay, that he fkufioufly avoided every Thing that could
rfeaew the Difputes fobfifting between us 5 and earneftly recommended i he fame Tern*
per of Mind to us. This may be right, (o far as relates to bis firft Speech at the O-
penmg of the Seflion 5 but in his Amendments to our Bill, it appeared tous, that he »
ftrklioUfly prepofed every Thing that he thought could difgufr us, in hopes of engage
iijg usin Jeme other Difpiite than that on taxing the Proprietaries Eftate, and of mak-
ing the BSD" with the Stflton ineffectual and abortive. Why elfe, among other Things, <
Ad he fhikeotit that harmless Part of the Preamble, which gave, as a Reafon for the
BiU, the ttxhaufting of our Treafury by our late expeirfiv* Grants of Provifions, &c.
to the King s Ufe. He did not chufe the Bill mould mention any Thing we had done,
left i>y that Means it (hould reach the Royal Ear, and Vefute his repeated Accufationf
tftat we * had done nothing, nor would do any thing, for Defence of the Country ;*
when he knows in hit Confcience we have given all* in our Power ; and it was well;
vat had it in our Power to give fomething, otherwife neither the Britijb nor Ne*w-E*g~> -
Umd Troops would have had the Provifions we fumiflied ; for could the Governor:
ptfl&ty have done it, we have Reafon to believe he would have defeated our Grant t
Me can no more bear to let us do any Thing commendable, than he can bear to bear-
wfcat w>e have done mentioned.

^Itlatme the Governor recommended a good Temper of Mind to«s j fte*canmake
plsftillble Speeches, that will read well in other Places where his Conduct is not known.
Indfeed they appear not ib much to be made for us- as for others \ to fhew the Minilhy
afjlomehw great Zeal for his Majefty's Service and Concern for the Welfare of this *
Pe?t>kd 'and to recommend himfe*f, as it ihould fcenv, to fome better Poft hereafter, :
Tajfjte^ than -to bbUirt the prefent Poi nts tha t feem to be perfuaded . For of what A va i 1
attUhe heft Speeches, not accompanied with fuifttrie Aclions ? He has recommeni*»d r
JJ&jpjitokm tery good Words, and immediately hatchM lome Difpute to occiinoniV-,
/<yy - He can recommend Peace %*6 Unanimity in fine and moving Langua|e^ khdl
iiatf|M|dia«e1y contrive fomething to provoke and excrte/tywr^.; the Settled SchefW ^- .
ii^rhojt toilet us do-anv Thing that may i^co»mtnd us to thofe>w»ih Whom he wonfdi
Tfim Wi » .»« M" fie would appear to be in great Earneft to have fomething doh> v a'nA^
faurs violentjy with -both Jieels, but' takes Care at the fame Time to I'ein-in^ftironjiy '
itaj((a/1^(Halfdi ft le^.t^

c^e^^.lo^i^MofKy on the Excirr, aMethodlongin Ufe, and (oV^aA to ffie.
Wip^diie^qtt^rtlled with us about the Tim* oi.e^ttvdtt^Vwt^^Y <S^m^^a>.
mBmto&frteo'tiMe, and yet Was for ftibmmhg ^r "tewci. '" " x v ^ -^.

*&mtmo*dt*tpp*gBiriflit, though Afts of the tattvt Vl!vcv^A\i^V --, .^.- ri>c -^

4pd

A P P E N D I X.

and the like* Then he called out for a Tax, which the Proprietaries themfelra (in
their Anfwer to- our Representation) allowed to be' the moft equitable Way of raifing
Money $ thinking, it is like, that we mould never agree to a Tax. But now when
we offer an equitable Tax on all Eftates real and peribnal, he refufes that, beoatrfethe
Proprietaries are to be taxed ! , T

f The Governor, thinks hirhfelf injurioufly treated by our Reqireft, 'that bewouMI
« not make himfelf the hateful Inftrument of reducing a free People to the abject State
«• of Vaflalage,* and afks, ' What Grounds have you, Gentlemen, for this heavy.
•Charge? What Laws of Impofition abhorrent to common Juftice and common
« Rtafon have I attempted to force down your Throats ?* &e, A Law tp tax the
People of Pennjylvama to defend the Proprietary Eftate, and to exempt the Proprietary
Eftate from bearing any Part of the Tax, is, may it p'eafethe Governor, a Law ab-[
horrent to common Juflice, common Reafon, and common Senfe, This is a Law of fair
pctfition that the Governor would force down our Throats, by taking Advantage of
tfcePiftrefs of our Country, the Defence of which he will not fufter us to provide for,/
unlets we will comply with it. Our Souls rife againtt it. We cannot fwallow it.— •
What other Irxftance would the Governor defire us to give of his endeavouring to re-
duce pt to a State of Vafialage ? He calls upon us for an Tnftance. We give him *he
i£ry Law in Queltion, as the ftrongeft of Inftances. Vaffals muh follow their Lords
to the Wars inDefence of their Lands 5 our L»>rd Proprietary, though a Subject like •
ourfeivev would fend us out to right fof him', while he keeps himelf a thcufand

Name for j it is even mine flavifh thart'S averv itftlf. And if ihe Governc*!* 1 can ac-_
compliOi it, he will be deemed the'hateful Inftrument (hofc much (bever he isdi (gutted
with the Epithet) as long as H*»ft«ry c*n preferve the MEtroory of his AdmlniftrationV 1
Does the Governor think to exculpate himfelf, hv calling upon us to prove him gu-ltyli
of Crimes we have never charged him with ? IVhtfe liberty have 1 taken aivaj? tt'bpfi:
Property harve I invaded? If he can force us into this Liw, the Liberty and proper-

having his Lands free from Taxes, and defended gratis. But what is the Lafs.w-
even Liberty and Property, compared with the Lofs of our good Name and FaVpe,
which the Governor has, by every Artifice, endeavou»ed to deprive us of, and ro ruin
us in the Eltimation of all Mankind. Accufations ferret ly difpetfed in the neighbour*
iag Provinces and our Mother Country ; namelefs Libels put in»o the Hands of every
Member of Parliament, Lords and Commons 1 But the ie were modeft Attack-? com-
pared with his publick Meflages, filled with the motf fevtreand heavy Charges againft •
us, without the lead Foundation ; fuch as thofe in *his Mtfiage of the Sixteenth of i
Meyhft j ibme of which, tho' then fully refuttd, he now ventues to renew, by ex? •
claiming in thele Terms, ' Had you any Regard for your bleeding Country, would'

* you have been deaf to all the affectionate Warnings and Calls of his Majeily ? t aod
c would you have refufed the proper, necrffary andtimeiy Afl»ft*nce to an Army £tvX\

* to protect thefe Colonies ?* For is it not well known that we h^veeflayed every Mf*
thod, confiftent with our Rights and Liberties, to comply with the Calls of th$
Crown, which have frequently been defeated either, by Proprietary Inftru6H*ns or jtije
Perverfenefs of our Governor ? Did we not fupply that Army plentifully with all 1
they aGVd of us, and even more than all ? in Teftimony of which, have we not Leu
tersfrom the late General, and other principal Officers, acknowledging our Carey a&fj
thanking us coidially for our Services ? Thele Things aie well known here* Butjthen? •
is no Charge tint the Governor cannot allow himfelf to throw out againft us r fojtmay '
have the leajl Chance of gaining fo.ne fmall Credit ibme where, though of thje uorteja
Continuance. - ■■ * . ^ j^

In fine, we are fincerely grieved at the prefent unhappy State of our Affairs ; Jpit*
rouil endeavour patiently to wait for that Relief which Providence may, in^ueTime/
tU^iik fit to favour u'swth, having, if this Bill is &i 11 reJu fed, very little &rtt^$9fCf!
ff, wy Good front out prefent Gov envoi,- - *• -.. ., \*,, r;v .].-

■•^t* f

A P P E N D I X. 407

iTbe Gwernorh R E P L Y, September 24, 1755. ' v

* GENTLEMEN, ' _ '\ ' "; ;' ;; ;T

V 7N the Courfe of my ftiort Adminiftration among you, I have often regretted,'. (feat
JL ' afa^Time when it becomes every one of us to be confuting and acting for tfye
Piiblick Good, you mould ftil! delight to introduce new and unneceffary Dift>tite&» and,
turn the Attention of the People from Things of the laft Importance to their future
SaftryV ' ' •
'■' Ydur 1 very tedious MefTage of the Nineteenth of Augufl, is a fufficient Proof of yoqr»
Temper of Mind ; his indeed pf fuch an inflammatory Nature, that did not the
Duties or my Station and Juftice to the People require me to take fome Notice of TtV t
mould thrrijc it beneath me as a Gentleman, to make any Reply to a Paper of that
Kind, filled with the groffvft Calumny and Ahu'e, as well as themoft glaring Mifrei
prefentations of Facts j and what I mull now fay in Anfwer to it would have been fai^
in your laft Sitting, had you not adjourned yourfelves fo foon after the Delivery of ttL
that I had not Time.

' You ifet'ocif with claiming it as a Privilege to have your Bills granting Supplies paffed
as they are tendered, without Amendments, and fay, * it is far from being an Qrdin&j.
* \MetboJto receive or debate upon Amendments offered by the Governor.*

This Claim is ndt warranted by the Words of the Charter, nor by the TXfage ot
former* AlFemblies, and you yourfelves muft know, th3t from the flrft Settlement of
the Province ro the latter End of the Adminiftration of Mr. Hamilton, my immediate
PieJeceflfor, the Governors have occafionally amended Bills for raifing Money, and
their Right of doing fo was never till thtn contefted.

' Notwithftsndirig all you have faid as to my Offer of Lands to the Weflward, J ani
perfuaded unprejudiced Men will fee it in its true Light, and be convinced it was
made with a good Intention, am! under a proper Authority ; I mentioned my Com-
miffion of Property in Contradiftin6\icn ro the CommifTion of Government, as that
urtder which I granted Lnds upon the common and ordinary Occafions, which you
feem to think was done under the other. But as to the Offer in Queftion, I had fuch
Directions from the Propr erai ies as were fufficient to juftify me in making it, and
woulrtJtave been obligatory on them to confirm the fame to the Adventurers $ and thi*
f'did'tlnn, andftilldo, think a good Authority.

' As you do not profe's to underftand Lw, I am not furprized at your quoting an
Abridgment inltead of the Cafe abridged. Vmer, who is no Authority, may have
the Words you mention for aught I know, and may be of Opinion that the King can
puf chafe and hold Lands in his pr.vate Capacity, but in that he has the Misfor*
-tune to differ from my Lord Coke, and other Writers of Note and Authority in the
Law.

' ' Your Anfwers to what you call my round Charge, and to what you afterwards call
rny haughty Quejiions, arc, by no Means, conclutive ; I grant that no Publick Money
*$ah be railed, nor any CJaufe enacled for the Difpofiticn of it, without' your Content,,
btttis not mrrte equally neceffary ? Whence is it then that t mould be thought more
obliged to you for a Voice in the Difpofition of Publick Money, than you are to me,
feemg the Obligation (if any) is reciprocal } the Money remaining in the Peopled
•Pockets cannot be taken from thence, till I think a Law neceffary for that PurpoTe,
and ihali'l havelefs Power over it after it is raifed, and in the Publick Treafury, than
I had before? The common Security of the People requires that they mould not be
"faxed hut by the Voice bf the whole Legiflature, and is it not equally for their Secu-.
frrry that the Money when raifed mould not be difpofed of by any lefs Authority f
- Your CBaim therefore of a natural exchtfive Right to the Difpofition of Publick Money',
-toecfrufe^ it is the Peoples, is againft Reafon, the Nature or an Englijh Government,
itrid the tJfage of this Province, and you may as well claim the exclufwe Right to all
the Powers of Government) and fet up a Democracy at once, becaufe all Power is de-
rived fr'6m the People ; and this indeed may be the true Defign,
*•• ' ''A,# to what ybu infmuare concerning the enormous Groivthof the Proprietary Efiote*
l?f&ri 6|ipoie plain Fa6ls to your Preemptions. By the original Cohcefluiii^^i. ffw-
'greement between the late Mr. William Ptsfl, *w\ v\\<i fo^ V\A«tt,mt ^^sc&aa.
of the Land were to 6e granted to the AdvenWivtrs, *w\ \Vt xttK^vwvxv^^^^^^
.Jfi&out to the Proprietary but iniUad of v\\w r \Vit \fc\fc ^i^>«awi% ^ ^^

mm

«&S A P P E iST <D I $K.

fcaadt pnffcbaM of tht Indians in his Time, contented himfelf with rafcfa* %t4eje%
very frosul Pnrt#f whs* he m jgfat have done under the t A^Ofm^t^ and 5etk^Hl*e
three fans* Purchafes made by his Sons fince his Death, in the two fir ft, coaftHn^ef
foo* Million Acres of Land, they did not furvev upwards of Twenty**** TtaxnMt
Adres* •neVthofc neither of lbs ricbeft nor heft utuatedf and in the lait, whechlrty
fsr tlse iarjpft of all, bo Survey* have been made for their Ufe, mtt they; gswfe taffy
Directem* <batthe Seniors mould, as they applied, nice their Choice of th^heK
l*nd»* a*d actor&ngly great Numbers of People arc Stated on tbefe I^dsj to their
entire Satisfaction* As to tfaeir Manors and appropriated Trafts; kit wellkviowij
that totynrutooUdy fettled by Pertofts without Leave or Tide, and thw theft pa^ ^e?r
Share of aU Taxes : In (host, Gentlemen, if injtead*tf ietring the Piroprieteriei forth
as eoerea fin* their Eftates, and ufmg their Tenants UU VaOals, you had repreftrfteu
them eefdi bearing with them, and ufing no compuHbry Methods for the Obtein-
mcot even ok their juft Debts, and that for tbefe and many other Iomtoces of their kind
Ufage of them* the Proprietaries are entitled to the Chara&er of goody nay of the beft
Landlords, you had done them no more than Jtiftice* and faid only what ir notorious
to alt that know their Treatment of the People in this Province*
. 4 can* by no Meant, allow you to araue juttly in faying, that the Proprietaries ought
to iubmit thrtr Eftate to be taxed by Afleflbrs chofen by the People, hecaufe they art
/worn orjolttnnly (firmed to do tqualjuftice. When von are taxed by thefe AnefTbrs, *
is by Pert bus who may be confiuered as your Equal?, and who are interested to d&votf
Janice, as you in your Turns may become their Afleflbrs. But the Proprietary Ettafe
and Inttreft being conudered as leparate from yours, becaufe the Proprietaries ire ft
separate Branch of the Legislature, they can never in that View be faxed by any Per-
firos, nnlcfs tbofe whofe Intereft it is to fave their own Eftates by throwing an unequal
Burden upon the Proprietaries | and you moft know that this is the very Confederation
SMoawhkh the Law in certain Cafes excepts sgainft both the Judgment and Evidence'
ot tnterefted Perfons, left they ihouJd be influenced therein, even againft the Solemnity
and Obligations of an Oath. ; .?

You fay, that " all Eftates in Britain, mnd her Colonies, now bear, or mtfl bear,*
•' Tax to free the Proprietary Eftate from Encroachments and Incumbrancer InvtdrJ
tons and ungrateful Infinuation 1 Is there nothing but this at Stake I Is it for a TrafeT
efunfettled Country, belonging to the Proprietaries of this Province, that the ^es
of all Europe are turned upon this Continent, and fuch mighty Preparations rriaktri \i
both by Sea and Land ? Or, Gentlemen, can you think that if the Enemy are fdre£
ed to keep up Fortifications in any private Eftate whatsoever within the^mitifcf
this Province, vou could pieferve your Eftates, or the Englijb Nation prefer?* far
pomiftions ? What End then can fuch Infinuation* ferve, but to «6el • rhe At dor
of his Majefty's good Subjects in recovering the Country unjuftly taken from ffetfm*
as «f they were contending for a Thing of no Confequence, which is but too rnochttoe
Opinion of many amongft us, raifed and confirmed, no Doubt, by your Jftflfligf
Conduct.

You charge me with contriving all pqfflhh Methods of fxpmce tt eki
Funds, and dijlrefs your Affairs > and give an Inftaiwe of an exorbitant Dt
Five Thoufand Pounds for cutting the Road for the Ufe of the Army , an Undertake
ing yon fay 1 engaged you in on a Computation of its co/ling onfy Eight Hufn^red'PotrtiitfsC
How could you iturnble on a Matter which, on a very flight Ex^mittetkm, imHl c a^»V
pear to be without the leaft Foundation ? Your own Minutes will fltew that, ydtfSe^
Solved to bear the Charge of cutting two Roads, one to JPf&'s Gw$, and th^Mflt*
to the Mohongaheky and in one of your Meflagesto me, wherein you enui«>rsfte' 5 Jdt$f 1
meritorious Acls, you Ctt this Road to the Ohio particularly forth in fueh a MkftSR&f
so have itHietieved, that it would prove an heavy Expence, which, ffevertrJefctsY 1
would not decline to bear as the King's Service required it) and-now yotf infii
that had you known it would have coft more than Eight Hundred Pounds, yelp* _ ^
not have undertaken it, and this for no other Reafon than tolay tomy Chnrge^jfs/
tended Eftmiate of which I am totally ignorant, having never lee* nor fteatfa wtilltft
The Sum of Eight Hundred Pounds might have been mentioned *4 what rt' w«otaW#
)d fome Mens: private Opinion'* but not upon an Eftimafe of the ecnrtrnrflteo^/SolPffc
fuch Centt&xm. To be plain, Getftkttttft, vtvw% tbe Refentrrietlt and Me^ti ce e ^ P ^
Offers ih ^je- Array, : enttufted wkYk \\»t^tt.^ x^tr^w?^ ^^^iMfeia«lsT
Work was not begun tit Time ^a\t>& it c<>\v^A^^\A\^%\»^^2»^^ ^*^^V"

'« 1r'«.

A P P E N D I t: %6§

f>roper&e«reftntaridns made of yoW Conduct it Home, and of an arrn^i*o1Ttt%efej£
•ufed »to oblige the Inhabitants todo'this rteceflary Work, and nothing elife, ttettfirtn'uo*
ed y*o<*o sngage to bt*r the R*pence $ And had the two Roads been curthteyV wcutd
.hereof a>«try' great Sum wdetd,btit by a Reprtftntation I catifed^tcTbdibide tb
^eyGtoaeeaUtae eon few ted to, droj> the Road toWllfi Creek) ttnd infeadc* ^tentf**
*h* ptfartoshe Ohio 9 to order it to be opened n# farther than- to iht f>fa$/f#f*£ 0&£
.^ Whknote* fored the Charing of many Mil«j.-— ^He like^ife i^nftote*/ that
ll^Rced u^ld fiot hemade ft wkie by one Third as th^Ctaarte^Mftfat GwisraWttS
gM$* JDit eittaiia feh —Theft «*#?# jrwfet Savings to tht Province, whtcfy added totbe
lUguJaticMHfHiatwbrff made in the Price of Provrftons anjf LroUc*r, awHn the*ftretf
4w;Waggorw^tfouW at any other Time have induced youto fpeak in Commiendaooo irf
j^ay Care Arid frugal Ufe ©* the Pttb&k Money, and not to charge me wftfca^Detnaiid
taft$l»ever< made, nor indeed couh* it have been then made by any one, bceauirihe
Accounts were noil come in, and now that they are delivered to you, it dote not appear
tfrat they will amount to the Sumo* Three fbwfand Peundr, which is not eitrtrraaant^
i*he» you confider the Diftance and Expedition required in the Work. TVe Comi.
miflioners, inftead of being reproached with Extravagance, have a Right teethe am*
pieft Acknowledgements fpr their expofing their Perlons to fucb imminent Danger,
•aid carrying on the Work with- fo much Spirit, and fo becoming a "Zeaf} and tho*
my Recommendations may not have much Weight with yovi, yet as they were engaged
IP this hazardous Work by my Intreattes, Juftice requires they mould be handftbmely
rewarded for their indefatigable Attendance and generous Advance of their own pri-
vate Fortunes. * "r : •' ? .■-.r
.You have, in the MefTage now before me, and in feveral others, tafctitfgreat Pama
to infufe into the Minds of the People, particularly the Germans, that the Government
fcaveDefigns to abridge them of their Privilege!, and to reduce them to a State of Sla*
wy«-~ This may, and will, alienate their Affe&kxns from his MajeftyVGovfemtnt*
«Jeftroy that Confidence in the Crown and its Delegates, which, at this Timers par*
ticularly neceftary, and render all the Foreigners among us very indifferent as to the
$uece$ of the French Attempts upon this Continent, as they cannot be in worfc Cir*
riiinftances under them, than you have taught them to expecY from the King's Go-
TOnmemv-

• This yw may, with your ufual Confidence, call Duty, Loyalty and Af-
fir$io*i to his Majefty, but I am convinced it will not be efteemed fuch by his
Majefty and his Mini Hers, before whom all thefe Matters muft be laid.*

*«^^«f

And /how the innocent People of this Province may be affected thereby, Tina*
win/Hew. , ^

, y<ru are pteafed to tell me, that lam deftitute of Skill mid Abilities for my Station*
tmd fifivf , Wkthe Spirit of Government in me. Gentlemen, I have never made any
jtaaft of fihy Abilities, nor do I pretend to know what you mean by the Spirit ofGo-*,
<H*rnmtpt^ .But this I know, that if I bad enough of the Spirit of Submiffi$n> I wa*
early given to underftand, by fome of your Meffages, that you would have then pro-*
noupctcj >he well qualified for the Adminiftration of this Province, even without the
Aih*4a»c© of : Inilruclions, or the Advice of my Council. ...'•■> \

.'/JV.your Spirit of Government however, or, in other Words, your Inclinations* t<%
enfi^eafo and render permament your own Powers, is to be attributed all your late)
extraordinary Proceedings, and the defenceless State of the Province j for the Sake
oTgrati^ying this, you fcrupJe not lo ftir up his MajeftyTs Subjects againft his Go*
veiaMnen^ forgetting all Duty to your Sovereign, and all Decency to thofe in Author

, v Yo#* Apfwera do not exculpate you from my Charges againft yon for taking onyourr
ffjfcv** grt&Mitd mighty Fwuers t and fine© you call upon «ne to particularise them, It

Mil gratify you> You have created a Paper Currency of your own, and or dertd tba

Jo^s&qrj of £xcife, and |he Trnfteesof the Loan Office to receive ikagainft Law*
Ya*a pay your own Wages put of the Provincial Money, when the Law requires anci
ptpwdes iof their being, paid in another Manner. Notwkh(anding it is declared byr
t%, *k*% no Peifons indebted on Moa tgage ta the Loa»->Office Aall be -dtlioquent jn;
f^ynaent above a Yjaar, aoj4 yovfr Committees are enjoined, injtheSeitJen^ftt o|

_ ^Accou«^ toreclcpnaU^ciOu^a^4mgailsCaft\in ^^ t3b» Tt^^^ ^^v^ ?\^-

^rja^ba^e difpepfcd wiflv in, the S«ttleca«»t oi \\»TD\^M*» K^^v^toHw^*

Y#afa?!l4 to&nd tbe$w<v#m t»>;conutiWf> t* ftwat^^ w%*-«m ftSSrv

'4*% a r r b h b i i -p-

Xfcy agreed, thai in the Cooceffions mentioned by the Governor, the Proprittift^m
fcrved iaeirfry Huadted Tboufand Acres TV* to himfeif j but then (to make the (Jq*
Witor't " plain FacV* a little plainer) he was to have it by Lot, and not by Choice i
ti^e Quantity fo reserved was to tie but in one Place; and he was «.«. bound to plant or
*\ majajt witbia three Years after it was fet out and furveyed -" or elfe (by the next
(poncfffionj it was " lawful for new Comers to fettJe thereupon, and he to go higher
*' VP, for bis. Share* " This might induce him not to take up more than he coirid con-
veniently fettle \ but can ghre his Successors no Right to pick here and there the beft
vacant pieces among the Settlements, excluding other Rights \ nor to keep the Land-
Office fliut, as was done after the fecond mentioned Purchafe, til! they had garbled the
beft Tra£U for themftlves and Dependant!, and left little befides Rocks and Darren
Mouataias-foir the reft of the People. The third and Jaft Purchafe being made but the'
laft Year, and the Land moftly expofed to, or, as the Governor has often informed
Ut, in the Hands of the Enemy, we are furprized to hear that " great Numbers of
«< People are feated on it to their entire Satisfaction $" and more fo, that the Proprie-
taries JVfcftors and appropriated Traces are ntoftly fettled by JPerfons that pay their
Share of all Taxes. If this be Co, we muft own curfelvee as much unacquainted with
the State, of his Lands, aa we are with the State and Management of the Land Office,
which of lata, indeed, is pretty mach a Myftery. That the Proprietaries are intitled
to the Characler of the beft Landlords, we can hy no Means prefume to fay with the
Governor $ fince his Majefty's Lands are granted without Purchafe Money, on Half the
Quitrcnt, and the Quitrents are applied to the Support of Government and Defence of
the Country : We cannot therefore but be of Opinion, that the King is a much better
Landlord,

If the Governor would pleafe to confer, that it does not fall to the Share of perhaps
one Man in Five Hundred to be an Afleffor during his whole Life^ and that the Chance
of being favoured or not by a fucceeding Afltflbr, as he himfeif mall behave in that
Office, is proportion ably fmall j and that the very little which can poflibly be faved in
hit Part of the Tax, by unjuftly inhancing that of the Proprietaries, is a Matter next
to Nothing ; the Governor certainly cannot have fo ill an Opinion of Mankind, as to
believe thefe Temptations can be fufficient to induce a commonly honed Man to for-
fwear himfeif | and Aifeftbrs are feldom Men of the meaneft Characters for Integrity.
But furely, a Security that all the Peers in Britain think fufficient with regard to the
Equity of Taxation on their Eftates, might be confided in by our Pioprietaries j un-
lefs the People here are much more depraved than we can pcflibly conceive them
to be.

Our Argument, that, if all the Eftates in Britain and her Colonies mnv bear or
muft bear a Tax to free the Proprietary Eftate from Encroachments, that Eftate itfdf
ought not to be exempted, the Governor calls "an invidious and ungrateful Lnfinuatu
on I and aflcs, " Is there nothing but this at Stake i Is it for a Tra& of un fet tied Coua-
" try, belonging to the Proprietaries of this Province, that the Eyes of all Europe ^tt
" turned upon this Continent, and fuch mighty Preparations making both by Sea and
«* Land ? Or, Gentlemen, can you think that if the Enemy are fuffered to keep up
*' Fortifications in any private Eftate whatibever within the Limits of this Province,

*' you could preferve your Eftates, or the Englijh Nation its Dominions ? What

End then can fuch Infinuations ferve, but to cool the Ardor of his Majefty's good
Subjecls in recovering the Country unjuftly taken from them,--— as t£ they were
contending for a Thing of no Confequence, which is but too much the Opinion of

«<

€t
€€

€i many ainbngft us, raifed and confirmed no Doubt by your ftrange Conduct" Had
we attested that the Proprietary Eftate only was in Danger, and argued thence, that

that Eftate alone ought therefore to pay for its Recovery or Security, all this Strain of
the Governor's Eloquence might then have been very juft and proper ; But, may it pleafe
the (joyernor, we didihink there was fomething elfe at Stake j we thought other E-
itates.in DangerJ and therefore offered a very large Sum, as our Share of the Expence,
in the ^ill lor granting fifty Tboufand Pounds to the King's Ufe. But we thouglit
the Proprietary 'Eftate at leaft as much in Danger as any other Eftate, and therefore
imagined it 4>ught to pay its Proportion towards the Expence of its own Security.
The Qoyernor it* feems thinks otherwife, and bee a ufe other Eftates are Wutwife in
J>3Lfigejf, tfee proprietary Eftate ought to be exempted-, and unlefs we wilj agree to tx-
cojrer; find defend that gratis, we (ba\V not be ^t\wv\V\s& to taife Money for the Defence
of our own Eftates, our Neighbours* or out %Q\«€\^%\WcAti\.<w^ *\-Wvt «j^
"item &^atipi), and wc capiat kelp- \x \ fat V^^VwiAs&K^wu^fcieisw

f

appendix; 4* 3

ttWttJttnWc ti AcLaws of the Uedes and Perfimu But Jet it beknown4b*hera t
and to al I* it is not our Infinuation, invidious as it may ftem to the Groentoiy *n€
ungrateful to his Ears, that cools the Ardor of his Majefty's good Subjects r but If
any Thing cools that Ardor it muft be the FaB infinuated, the Proprietary* churning
dial invidious and odious Diftin&ion, of being exempted from the common Borden*
of their Fellcw Subject. If there be any who think, the Nation is contending for ft
Thing of no Coniequence, it muft be thofe who refufe to contribute their Share, and
not we who offer largely -----and that Opinion in others, if fuch an Opinion there be,
xnuil be raiied and confirmed by the Governor and Proprietaries grange Qfadrt& } zttd
not by ours. .; .

The Governor fays, we « lay to his Charge a pretended EftiimUe (of tbe£xpen?e

* of cutting the Roads) of which he is totally ignorant, having never fiat nm hearA
' of one: Is it poflible that the Governor can have forgotten it r He told lis in hit
Meffa£e of the Eighteenth of March, that he had * appointed Cornrniflkmers tore*
4 connoitre the Country, mark out where fuch Roads might moft conveniently be
' made, and make Report to him of their Proceeding*, with an Eftimale of the Ex-
' fences that would attend the ppening and Clearing them.* On the Application of
the Governor, in that MeHage, the Houfe fent up a Bill, giving Twenty ~jrve Tboufand
founds to the King's Ufe, wherein, among other Things, the Clearing *f Roads for
the King's Service was provided for. But, may it pleafe the Governor, did the Com*
miflioners never comply with their Inftruclions, and make that EtVi mate ? Or, if they
made it, did the Governor never lay it before the Hoafe ? 'Tis true we have not that
Eftimate now in our PoiTefiion ; it was returned again to the Governor $ but we all
remember the Sum, and that it was Eight Hundred Pounds, If it was indeed, as the
Governor fays it might poflibly be, * only fome Mens private Opinion,' yet ft was
an Eftimate, and fent to us by the Governor 5 whether made by the Commiflioners, or
by others, we have not laid (tho' we think it was by the Commiflioners ),nor is it ma-
terial : However, we have remaining in the Houfe a fubfequent Letter from one of the
Commiflioners, to the Secretary, dated May the Third, which fays, ' We fent your
a Draught of the Road both to the Waters of the Tobiogani and to the Camp, witlr
all the principal Places marlc'd that occur'd to us, with the Amount of the Charges of
laying out both, and an Efiimateof the Expence of opening: and bridging the Road to*
the Tohiogani from the Tufcarora Mountain : That to the Camp will not coft fo much:
in Proportion to its Length, becaufe it is left hilly ; but we expect Amendments upon
it, fo as to come into the other near the Top of Sideling Hill, and avoid two Crofting*
of Juniata, and alfo to cut off feveral Miles between the Devil's Hole and the Camp.
Both Roads will leave little of Fifteen Hundred Pounds; for it is im poflible to tell
what Ex pence unexpected Occurrences will aiife to.' By this it appears, that an Efti-
mate was made by the Commiflioners, and that the Governor either * faw or heard
' of it' feems probable, fince he fent down this very. Letter to the Houfe 5 at lea ft he
muft have heard of the fecond Eftimate, contained in this Letter, that ' both Roads
' would leave little of Fifteen Hundred Pounds: The Houfe however voted ftill to
bear the Expence of cutting both Roads, though the firft Sum was nearly doubled,
and the Refuial of their Bill by the Governor would make it more difficult to be com-
plied with. We have alfo in our Hands another Letter from the fame Commifli-
oner, dated fifteen Days after the former, wherein, after more Experience in the
Work, he makes a third Eftimate, judging that the ' Expence of opening both
' Roads will be little under Two Tboufand Pounds: This Eftimate the Governor
muft furely have * feen or heard of,' fince the Letter is to himfelf, and by him laid
befoie us. — After all thefe Eftimate* gradually rifing from Eight Hundred to Two
Thou/and Pounds, the Defign of opening one of the Roads was dropt, the intended
Breadth of the other was reduced one Third, its intended Length (hortened, and e-
ven that lhorter Extent never compieated ; and yet though it was fuppofed we had paid
near One Tboufand Pounds in Money and Provisions, we were given to understand that
Five Tboufand Pounds more was wanted. Had we not Reafon to he furprifed at this $
andto ful peel fome Extravagance in the Management ?

But the Governor is plea fed to tell us, net only that we charged him with an Efti-
mate that he never faw, but likewiie that we * charged him with a Demand that he

* never made/ We happen, however, to have the Original LettfttXxowvVcvvQicstew-
miflioners, which he laid before the Houfe on the ^\tv\Yv oH. Auguj^ <«\vvt€\\\ %*«. <fcnSfe
"Words s * Sbippenfburg, Augufi 4, 1755. How>vvre<\ S^ V** Yjm«%ww««^J

/ Meeting ot the Co/iimi/Eoncr* for the Road* Yt*Aw?Ao \YaObw»*v^V^*^^

- 4 ,4 A P F E NTD 1H XA

• ^ii»^tol*Wli^ M Mc#toWWji

f boners, flfr.emplc^edih the Serviced* the Roads ir and we* fcaVr thduffit of this

* Expedient (with Submiffioo to your Honour^ better judgment) that fdme Pertbrf <Jr
« Perfont mould be appointed by your Honour to bring up Money, andtobft &ttsft$d

* vvhhdur Settlement of the Accounts.— We carnidt at preifoHnrornr yotir Hdrfcur
« of the (oft Sum of Money that will be wanted for like above Purpofe *, but wer think
« it will amount to fhre Tbtatfand Pounds. As the Pedpte are much fa Waw of
f Money, *ue/b*dd be glad bowfinti the Money can be fertt, Gfr,*^-Tkis [Letter wan
fign«dJ>y tbefixCommimonert, and lent down to the Houfe by the Governor; to
what End, tinlefs that we might furaim him with the Sum required ? Yet now he*
knows nothing of this Demand, and is pleaied to lay, « it could not have teen then

• BMfdtbyanY e*ne, beoaufe the Accounts were not come'iri,* as if * Demand fn Part
was a Thing impoffible, before a Settlement. The Accounts however are at length
come ia, and under Examination, and it will now foon be ft en, what Caufe we (haft
bavt lo commend theGowitnor> or the Commirlioners Frugality : Add we hope we
fcail not be backward to do u Joftiee.

The Governor*! Judgment of our Motives to engage in this Work of opehhlg the
Rood*, feema to us a very uncharitable one, but we hope to find more equitable Judg-
ment eMevrbere. We are obliged to him, however, for owning that we did engage*
in it at all* For as he it pleaied to lay it down as a Maxim that we are very wicked
People ; he has (hewn in other Inftancet, when we have done' any Good, that he
thinks it no more Injoftice to us to deny the Tofts, than ifow* to deny the Goddnefe of
our Motives.— He would however think himfclf HI ufed, if any Part of his Zeal it!
that Affair was afcribed to the Menaces dire&ed to him ; Or to a' View of accommodate
ktgrby the new Road the Lands of the Proprietaries newPorchafe, and by that Means
tncreafing the Value of their Eftate at our Expence.

• The Governor i» next pkafed to tell us, < that we have taken great Painfto btfufi
« into the Minds of the People, particularly the Germans, that the Government have*

* Deitgns tpabridge them of their Privileges, and to reduce them t6 a Stat* of Stave*
« ry. That this may, and will alienate their Afre&totis from his Ma jetty's Govern^

* meat, anddeftroy that Confidence in the Crown and its Delegates; which, at tHfat

* Time, it particularly neceffary, and render all the Foreigners amemg us very IrtdrfS
' ferent as to the Sueceft of the French Attempts upon this Continent, as they cannot

• be in worfe Cireumftances under tbem, than we have taught them to expecVfrom the*

* King's Government.' And a little lower he tells as, « that we (cruple not to ftir

• up his Ma jetty's Subjecls againft his Government, forgetting all Doty to' out

• Sovereign, and all Decency to thofe in Authority under him.' Thefe are very heiif
Charges indeed ! Bu t can the Governor poflibly expect that any body will believe'
them f Can he even believe them himfelf ?— We can indeed truly fay it with Cdn/I*
ditice, and the Governor may* if he plea&s, call it * our ufital Confidence,* timl
there is not a more dutiful, loyal and affectionate People to any Prince on Earth, than
are the People, not only of this Colony, but of all the other Brrtijh Colonies rti Ame-
rica, to the beft of Kings, his pfefent Ma jefty ; and we cannot therefore forbear to
fay, that this Charge is a virulent Calumny, deft it me of art Truth and -TrobaroiRt£«
But what muft we do to plcafe this kind Governor, wbo takes fo much Pains to render
us obnoxious to our Sovereign, and odious to our Fellow Subjects ? Muft we bear fi-
kntly all thefe Abufes ? *Tis too hard. But if we deny his Accufaridns, and prove
them falft, this he calls, - « forgetting all Decency to our Governor f And if %e~eoW
plain of his Treatment, that it, ' ftirring up his Majefty's Subjects agalnft lift
« Government.* No, m*y k pleafe the Governor, we make a wide DifHn«ion fee*
Cween the King's Government, and the Governor's Conduct ; and we have ' Rtafetfi
Every Deputy Governor is not the Prince, and fome are very indifferent Reprefentatfres'
•f him. Every Diflike of vGweftmr's Behaviour is not a Diflike of G*iternteel&\
.nor every Cenfure of a Governor', Difaffeftion to the King. And indeed the- more
People love their Priaree and admire his Vktuer, the left they rrtiift efteerrfaPGfef "~
who a£a unlike him. . u£ %'

That there » a Defign intrte Proprietaries and Governor, td abridge tfie^
of their Privileges, it no Secret. The Proprietaries have avowed it tn^thei^®
tbeHoub, dated London, March * y t-j^u The Do^rine^tlt is r^tfrartf; 1 „
foklytaughtin their Brief State v*ttdAYfcG<mr&wV\t^ v ^^
-wore than isruitaWe for a depewdent CoWj, Ax. *& ^^^tS^^w^L ^vjgtfv^k-
**ufy toikt People, but do iwt bs*iw aXvtu^t x>wk« hSsfic^ ^.^ IAjBS*

A P F E N D I X, *t 5

GrQjrticnmenU tbopgh they ;may from the Proprietaries. TMir «< ConMwioe in *hft
?? firpwn* is as great *s ever ; but when the Delegates of jPowei: are continually s4m£>
in g and calumniating the People, it is no wonder if they lofe ail ' ConfideoceV in

v XbfiQwftrnor can think hirofelf at Liberty to tell us, That «- we ftir up bis Ma*
f jejfy>Sttbje$« againft his Majefty's .Government, forgetting a)l Duty to our
Sovereign ^ and yet if we only tell him, that the Difficulties he meets with, are not
owing to thok Caufes, which indeed have no Exi ftence, but to bis own Want okSfcill
and Abilities for his Station, he take? it extreamly amifs, and fays, « we forget «U

* Decejpcy tjp thpie in Authority. ' We are apt to think there is likewife fome Deceacy
due to the Auembly, as a Part of the Government, and though we have not, I ike the
governor* had a Cqurtly Education, but are plain Men, and muft -be very imperfect
in our Politjenefs, yet we think we Jiave no Chance of improving by his Example*
Skill and Abilities to govern, we apprehend fall to the Share of few j they may pof*
fibly be acquired. by Study andPra&ice, but are not infuied into a Man with -hi* Corn*
million ; he may without them be a wife and able Man in other Affairs, and a ver^
good and honeft Man in general. Butthofe « who ftir up his Majesty's Subjects

* againft his Government, and forget ail Duty to their Sovereign/ a* the Govefivor
fays we do, rnuft beTraitors and Rebels, a Character that includes the higheft Folly
with the greateft Wickednefs. The World will judge which of thefe Charges is moft
decent, as well as moft true, and we (hall leave it to their Judgment,

_ The Governor is pleafed to repeat the Charge of our « taking upon us great and
" mighty Powers" and to fay, Since you call upon me U particularize 4bem, IJbaH
gratify jojti-v-yfe apprehend it is rather to gratify himlelf 4 for left thefe Partial*
Tars mould feem to be brought in improperly, the Governor fays, we tall upon him for
them. We cannot find any fuch Call in our MejTage \ but if there were, it was a
very unneceflary Ones for the Governor has fo accuftomed us to find fome of thefe
Charges in almoft every Melljage, and fo delights in renewing them, after repeated
Refutations, that we might haye expected them as Matters of Cottrfe. Youbawe cre-
ated a Paper Currency of your otvn, Sec. This ftale Charge was folly refuted in out
iKfefTage 9* *fr e Seventeenth of Afo/laft, and now repeated without taking the leaft
Notice f tha t Ref u taj i on . You pay your (nun Wage* out of the Provincial Money, when
• the lifltw requires aw? provides for their being paid in another Manner. This Charge
is prematuie, as we h^ave not yet paid ourfelves any Wages out of any Money. We
gave ; thje Governor, indeed, Five Hundred Pounds out of this Provincial Money, tho*
the La.w requires and provides for bis being lb p ported by Licences of PuhHck Houfcs,
Fees, %?c,. but that he mi^ht be .-Aire of being right, he took both. The plain State
of the Matter is this : By the County Levy Acl, the Commiflloners and A&efTons
are directed " to adjuft and fettle the Sum and Sums of Money which ought OF Ne-
t% CES^ITY to be raifed yearly, to pay for Reprefentatives Service in General Aflfem-
*« bly, and to defray the.Charges of building and Repairing of Court-Houies, Prifbns,
** Wprk-houfes, Bridges and Caufeways, and for deftroying of Wolves, &c+ and to

V l^y a Tax for thefe Purpofes." But other Afts of AfTembly having directed

that the Provincial Money, arifing from the Loan-Office and Excife, *< fball be
**. difpofed of as the Affembjy of this Province (hall direct and appoint," former A£-
fembjie* l?ave,, for many Years paft, paid Provincial Charges, and the BublickSala*
ties out-of that Provincial Money, and among. others, their own tinajh Wages.
Jjence J< happened, that the Wages being otherways paid, the CommuTioners and
AfTenprs found no NecejUityoi raifing a Tax for that Purpofe, and therefore hav« not
done jt, being no more obliged to do it without fuch Neceffity, than to tax forbuild-
mg Court- houfes when they have them already built, or to repair them when thlgr

Jiefd, po Reoair? J or to pay for Wolves Heads when none are killed -Asto the

other C^bargc of not keeping the Borrowers in the Loan -Office fir icily upto theiryeaiv
fy Jfa^ments as the I, aw required, we beg Leave to fay, that we cannot think this
Hou/fje jn ftyictly accovmtable foi all the Faults of their, any more than the Governor
tor the Faults of his, PredecefTors 5 nor that every Forhearing to execute aLaw is
W^C&^lletf d»fp,enfmg with Law. If it were* the Executive Power in moft Gc*»
«qwneQts,is ereathr chargeable with the £mie Offence. For our Farts, whom the
Qovernor ^ pleaied to load with this Charge, we jdid in May la&«&^*&et ^*^** "^^^
3C^fe^A9 u ^ e .fyt ujmoft of their Care and D\Y\get&* ta c^\vt3ft. ^c^^wj^stoS^^^^^-
ifSfJWfyi tpqttickcatbepi, drew Orders on tbejna newiXif ^wJdaft. Kv£x^vv^ >V^^^
t^M^$o$f>tth$ JLaw wrp4|d i/i fcare Qa{eAtex«>«tf^»^»^^"^^ -

•416 APPEND IX.

Evil bad been almoft irbperceptibly growing 1 , and gradually teJc upon tfceAfTeinbHei
in a long Courfe of Years j and at a fudden Sale of all delinqiieat Efatr* fo recoVer
their refpe&ive Quotas, would have been the Ruin of many 5 and no Depreciation of
the Money or other considerable Inconvenience has followed the Forbearance we con-
ceive that former Truftees and AfTemblies, who gained nothing to themfefar£s by this
Indulgence of the People, tho* not free from Blame, deferve a Ws fevere CeiiAire than
the Governor is difpoled to bellow upon them. The Charge perhaps aaeoum* to little
more thaw this, that they did not exaft from the People the Payments that by Law
they ought to have exacled 5 which the Governor calls difptnfmgnvitk a b&W: They
are not, however, chargeable with Exacling Money from the People- •frhich by Law
they had no Right to exacl, as we apprehend the Governor does, in the Fe*s for Mar-
riage Licences, by which many 'Thau/and Pounds have been drawn from the Inhabitants
of this Province. If this be not di/penfing <wtth Law, 'tis making Law, and we pre-
fume the Governor alone has no more Right to do the one, than the Afferobly atone the

other. -The laft of this String of Charges, " that we have taken upon us to admi-

" nifter the Affirmation to our Clerk, and feveral of our Members not Quakers" is a
total Miftake in Point of Fa£h As an Affembly we difclaim any Right of admin iftring
either an Affirmation or an Oath $ and have never adminiftered an Oath or Affirma-
tion to our Clerk, or any Member ; bur whenever an Oath or Affirmation is admi-
niftred in the Houfe, it is done by a Juftice of the Peace. And our Members are al-
ways qualified according to Law.

% The Governor is pleafed to fay, f we have often mentioned what we have done to
' promote the Succefsot his Majefty's Arms under General Braddock," We own that
we have often mentioned this, but we have been forced to it by the Governor's afferting
as often in bisMeffages, contrary to known Fa 61, that we bad done nothing, and would
do nothing of that Kind. But it feems *we take to ourfelves the Services of particular
Men, in which, the Governor fays, nve had no Hand ; and adds, ' that had we in
4 Time opened the proper Roads, rai fed Men, and provided Carriages, and neceffary
' Provifions for the Troops, we might now have been in peaceable Poffeffion of Fort
• Duquefne." We beg Leave to afk the Governor, Has the Body no Share in what is
done by its Members ? Has the Houfe no Hand in what is done by its Committees ?
Has it no Hand in what is done by Virtue of its own Refolves and Orders ? Did we
not, many Weeks before the Troops arrived, vote Five Tboufand Pounds for purchaiing
frefli Victuals, and other Neceffaries for their Uie ? Did we not even borrow Mon<:y
on our own Credit to purchafe thole Provifions when the Governor had rejected our
Bill ? Will the Governor deny this, when he himfelf once charged it upon us as a
Crime ? Were not the Provifions actually pur chafed by our Committee, the full Quan-
tity required by the CommifTary, and carried by Land to Virginia at our Expence, even-
before they were wanted ? Did the Army ever want Provifions, till they had abandon-
ed or deftroyed them ? Are there not even now fome Scores of Tons of it lying at
Fort Cumber land and Conegochieg? Did the Governor ever mention the Opening of
Roads to us before the Eighteenth of March, though the Requifition was made to nim
by the Quarter Mafter General in January ? Did we not in a few Days after fend him
up a Bill to provide for the Expence, which he refufed ? Did not the Governor proceed
neverthelefs to appoint Commiflioners, and engage Labourers for opening the Road,
•whom we afterwards agreed to pay out of the Money we happened to have in our
Power ? Did the Work ever ftopa Moment through any Default of ours? Was the
Road ever intended for the March of the Troops to the Ohio ? Was it not merely to
open a Communication with this Province, for the more convenient fopplymg tbem
with Provifions when they mould be arrived there ? Did they wait in the leaft foj tbttj
Road ? Had they not as many Men as they wanted, and many from this Province ?
Were they not more numerous than the Enemy they went to oppofe, even after the Ge-
neral had left near Half his Army fifty Miles behind him ? Were not all the Carriage*
:they demanded, being One Hundred and Fifty, engaged,' equipt, and fent forward
in a few Days after the Demand, and all at Wills' s Creek many Days before the Army
was ready to march ? With what Face then, of Probability, can the Governor sro-
4ertake to fay, ' That had we in Time opened the proper Roads, raifed Men, ani
' provided Carriages, and neceffary Provifions for the Troops, we might no* $ajft
f been in peaceable Poffefnon of Forf Du^uefne ? % ^ : ;'\ ^ /.

The Governor h pkafed to doubt ouv tavYn^ f\\d&\A\tet% •a*'***. T^^tie4v^Pff
Mt -r*for6 r in our own Vindication, wndev *^w&\V| <A ^ta\\Tv^v^\toL^^T^^
- %ad will fhew him the Original ^Yitww >»*&\\'^s»\*t*^**^^

ABP E N D I ft . ixf-

Ofa*raf!V5«c!refary, hi his Letter of the Tenth of May to one of our Members (Who*
io Parfuance tff a Reforve of the Houfe for the Service of the Army, wafted on th^
General: at Jtr#Jfaric, and there occanonally undertook the furnishing of Wag^ons>
which he performed with the Afliftance of fome other Members of the jQoirittimeei
and few thir, and othefc Services to the Troops, received the Thanks of the Htiofe at
bis Return} foys, * You have done us great Service in the Execution of the Bufijiefi

* ]^Jiavekiiidiy undertaken ; and indeed without it, ldorttfubowtbe§er*viti

* uiuLtba<iH been cafritd en, as the Expectations from Maryland have comfc tbt!d>
'< tfckig,* And again,- in his Letter of May the Fourteenth, * The General order*

* ~me to acquaint you that he is greatly obliged to you, for the great Crfre and Readi-
' ineft with which you have executed theBufinefs you undertook for him. At; your

* ReqUeft he will with Pleafnre difch^rge the Servants that may have inliftec^ ih 7 ^he
' Forres under his Command, or any others for whom you may defire a Difchafge j
' and deftres that you would for that Purpofe (end him their Names.' And again, id
his Letter of May the Twentieth, ' t have only Time to thank you once more, in

* the Name of rhe General and every body concerned, for the Service you have done ;
*. which has been conduced throughout with the grea'teft Prudence and mdft ^eriefcti$
' Spirit for the Publick Service.* The General's own Letter, dated the Twenty- ninth"
of May, mentions and acknowledges the Provinons 'given by the Pennfyivaniafi

* Ajfmbtf [thdugh the Governor wifl allow us to have had * no Hand* in it] and
fays, « Your Regard for his Majefty's Service, and Affinance to the prefent Expe-
« dition, deferve my fincereft Thanks,* Gfr.— Colonel Dunbar writes, in his Letter of
May the Thirteenth, concerning the Prefent of Refrefhments, and Carriage Horfes
lent up for the Subalterns, * farh defired by all the Gentlemen, whom the Cofk-
4 imtfee have been fo good as to think of in Co genteel a Manner, tb return them theff

* bedrty Thanks? And again, on the Twenty-firft of May, « Your kind Prefent is

* now att arrived, and (hall be equally divided To-morrow between Sir Peter Halkefs
c Subalterns and mine, which I apprehend will be agreeable to the Committee's Intent ?
c This I h&ve made known to the Officers of both Regiments, who unahimouflv de-

* (ire me to return their generous Benefactors their molt, hearty Thanks, to whicn be
« pleafed fo add mine, &c. r and Sir Peter Halket, in his of the Twenty-third of Mty>
fcys, * /The Officers of my Regiment are moft fenfible of the Favours conferred on
^ the Subalterns by your AJfembly, who have made them fo well-timed and fo handfome
*• a Prefent. At their Requelt and Defire I return their Thanhs, and to the Acknow-
' ledgnientsof the Officers, beg Leave to add mine, which you, I hope, will do me
**th* Favour for the whole to offer to the AJfembly, and to afiure them that we (hall on

* evei^Occanon do them the Juftice due tor fo feafonable and well judged an Act of
*■ Generofity/ There are more of the fame Kind, but thefe may fuffice to (hew, that
we had * fome Hand in what was done,' and that we did not, as the Governor fup-
pofes, deviate from the Truth, when, in our juft and neceflary Vindication againft his
groundlefs, cruel, and repeated Charge, * that we had refufed the proper, neceflary
« tfrid timely Aulftance to an Army fent to protect the Colonies,* we alledged * that

* wefiad fupplied that Army plentifully wkh all they aflced of us, and more than all,

* and had Letters from the late General, and other principal Officers, acknowledging
' otarCare, and thanking us cordially for our Services.* — If the General ever wrote)
different^ of us to the King's Minifters, it muft have been while he was under the firft
Ithpreflions given him by the Governor to our Difadvantage, and before he knew us ;
arid wetnlnk with the Governor, that if he had lived, he was too honeft a Man not
to have retraced thofe miftaken Accounts of ys, and done us ample Tuf-

tste. *^ J -',

Tne Governor concludes with telling us, that c if our Minutes be examined fdt

* T^Rern Years paft, in them will be found more frivolous Cbntroverfies, unparaltel-

* Bd Afootes of Governors, and more Undutifulnefs to the Crown, than in all theretf

* of hit Majefty's Colonies put together.* The Minutes are printed, and in many
Hifids, : whb may judge on examining them whether any Abufes of Governors* ana
^ndmrfqfrrefs to the Crown are to be found in them. Controverfies, indeed, there irjfc
«©tpany 5 but as our AflTemblies are yearly changing, while our Proprietaries^ f dux-
S6g^hltT*e>m; i nave remained the fame, and have probably given their Governtiri the
fame Inductions, we muft leave others to guefefrottt^V*\V»^\\\- v=> ^^X^^^^-
BBfi^g^ftoternps fkould continually fpf'mg. K^ V> JVwoloui C^x^^^^^V^^;

*tt$tt&tii*ayof item as face oour prefent Grttuuofi hi^\^^^^\^r^^

418 A P P E N D I £

by bimfeTf ; and we may venture to fay, that during that one Year, fcarce y*t ; expir-
ed, there have been more * unparallelled Abufes* of this People, and their Repre-
sentative! in Aflembly, than in ail the Years put together, finee the Settlement of the
Province.

We are now to take our Leave of the Governor 5 and indeed, fine* fie hopes no
Good from us, nor we from him, 'tis Time we fhould be parted. If our Constitu-
ents disapprove our Conduct, a few Days will give them an Opportunity of changing
us by a new Election 5. and could the Governor be as foon and as eafily changed, Penn-
Jyl'vania would, we apprehend, deferve much lei's the Character he gives it, pi an un-
fortunate Country ,

ExtraS! from the V ot £ s of A S S E M B L Y, Sept 29, 175$.

The Speaker read to the Houfe a Paper containing fome Authorities relating to the
Rights or the Commons of Great-Britain over Money Bills f and in Support of the
Bill patted by this Houfe forgranting fifty Tbouf and Pounds to the King's TJfe, fo far
as the faid Bill relates to the Taxing the Proprietaries Eftate within this Province.— ?-
And the Speaker being requeued by the Houfe to let the fame be entered upon
the Minute?, confented thereto > and it accordingly follows in thefe Words, <uiz.

THE Governor, in his MeiTage of the Thirteenth of AuguflteR, aflerts, « That
as our Proprietaries (being hereditary Governors of this Province) have no Vote
in chufing Reprefentati ves in the AiTernbly, therefore it is not confiftent with the Brttijb
Constitution that their Eftates here mould be liable to pay Taxes.* And in Anfwer to
the Privilege we claim, 'of having our Bills granting; Supplies patted as they are ten-
dered, without Alterations, the Governor in his Meflage of the Twenty-fourth In-
ftant fays, that this Claim is not warranted by Charter ; to which the Houfe very juft-
ly replied on the Twenty-ninth, « that the Charter gives us all the Powers ami Pri-
vileges of an Aflembly, according to the Rights of the Free-born Subjects of England*
and as is ufual tn any of the King's Plantations in America, If the Free born Subjects
of England do not exercife this Right, and it is not ufual in any of the King's. Planta- j
tions in America, then we are in the Wrong to claim it, and the Governor is in the
Right in denying it.*

The Governor in the Beginning of his Adminiltration has folemaly promifeW,
' that he would upon all Occafions be ftudious to protect the People committed to his
Charge in all their civil and religious Privileges.* So far then, as thefe Privilege* bo-
long to the People and their Reprefentati ves, from known Facts and unexceptionable
Authorities, fo far the Governor muft have failed of his Promife in the Protection wq
have a Right to from the Duty of his Station, and our Charters, and the Laws of this
Province.

The Practice of the other Plantations in America, and partictdarly very late Inftances
of his. Majefty*s Colony of Ne<w-Tork f on Money Bills, are againft the Governor j
but I (hall chufe to confine myfelf to the lights of the Houfe of Commons, to which
we are entitled by our Provincial Charter, confirmed by a Law pafled in the fourth
Year of the late Quetn Anne, for afcertainine the Number of Members of Aflem-
bly, jBfr. which enacts, in the Words of the Charter, * That the Representatives
chofeB and met according to the Directions of that Act, mall have Power to chufe a
Speaker, and other their Officers ; and ftvall be Judges of the Qualifications and E-
lections of their own Members, fit upon their own Adjournments, appoint Com-
mittees, prepare Bills in order to pais into Laws, impeach Criminals, and rejdrefs
Grievances ; and mall have all other Powers and Privileges of Aflembly according tq
the Rights of the Free-born Subjects of England, and as is ufual in any of the Queen ^

Plantations in America.' The Houfe of Commons then dq diatinr,
Ch. Com. by the Law and Ufage of Parliament, the ki'ght of detf rmipihg

Deb. Vol. III. . their own Elections, and confequently, and neceffarily, tnijlight:
Page pit, Uc. of the Electors to vote j and in virtue of this Right* it appears bf

the Journal of the Houfe of Commons, Vol, XIII. Page' *i|£ that
Jour/H, Com* no Peer of the Realm hath any Right to give his Vote in the31ec1ian
Va[ n XIIL of any Member to fetveu\*VaxY\**cvtv&. T\^^twas arf^ uffairi-

P-%£€ 6$4>. mdufly refolved in tne Be^vcvtvvcv^ *V ^K\^*tA\iVSm^to&:<£

'"'.'■ Kine WilUam Ul* NiV^^u^M^^^\a\^ ^ -ttirVk *^

i

A f If iL N D I X. 419

Lard of Parliament, or any Lord Lieutenant of any County to concern themfelves
in file Ele&(6ns of Members to ferve for the Commons in Pailia-
nient, the fame is a high Infringement of ihe Liberties and Privi- Id. VoI.'XtVi
leges of ihe Commons of England" The fame unanimous Refolves Page 4. '" \
appear in the firft Pail iarheni of Queen Anne, and in the Begin- , T °

ning of every Parliaments the Ninth of King George, where Ch. Coij?, iV
oujr Journals end. And it is a ftanding Order of the Houfe of Com- Deb? Vol; III,
mons, «• That no Peer hath a Vote in the Election of a Comrob- PageVio.
ner t" Neverthelefs the Commons affert, <« That the Grant of- all Jour. H./Conu
Aid* to the King is by the Commons, and that the Terms, Conr^i- Vol. IX.
tions, Limitations and Qualifications of fmh Grants have been made Pag* 410. n \
by the Commons only." And upon a particular Order to a Com-
mittee 30 Car. II. that they mould prepare and dray* up a State of the Right of the
Commons in granting of Money, and-how thofie Rights might be afTeried : The
Houleof Commons, upon their Report, reiolve " that all Aids and
^uppiies, and Aids to his Majefty in Parliament, are the Cole Gift Jour. H.^onu
of ihe Commons ; and all Bills for the granting any fuch Aids and Vol, IX. ,

^Supplies, ought to begin with the Commons $ and that it is the uri- Pagf 50.9 v .;
doubted and fole Right of the Commons, tp direft, limit and ap-
point in fuch Bills, the Ends, Purpofes, Confutations, Conditions, Limitations
and Qualifications of fuch Grants, which ought not to be changed or altered by the
Houfe of Lords." The Houiie of Commons have been always extreamly careful .of
this valuable Right, as upon the Bill for an additional Duty on Coffee, feV. ift of
WiLtiAM arfd Mary j and the Bill for the Sale of the forfeited Eltates in Ireland,
and indeed upon all Occafions upon Money Bills.

Upon the Bill for appointing Commifiioners to examine and flare- Ch. Com.,
the Publick Accounts, " the Houfe of Commons were fully fenfi- ., Deb. & Jour,
bie, and thought the Bill fo ufefui at that Time, as could not be H. Com. Vol.
fufliciently expreffed ; yet nothing could be of greater Importance XIV. Page
to the Publick than the Maintaining the juft and di(tinc"t Rights and 198.
Privileges which each Eltate of the Kingdom enjoyed according to.
their Conftitution ; that the Lord6 had many high Privileges to recommend their
Lord/hips to the Favour of their Prince, and to fupport their Figure in the Govern-
ment, but the Commons had little befides that One of giving Money and granting
Aids, which was their undoubted and inherent Right, and therefore every Thing
that intrenched upon that the Commons might be allowed to be extreamly jea-
lous of/'

As it would be dangerous to proceed in the Subjefr now before us without Autho-
rities, I mall add the Continuation of Rapin's Hijiory of Engknd, by Timtql, Vol.
III. Page *.ji. and the Record relating to the fame Controverfy between the Houfe of
Lords and Commons, as it lies upon the Journals or the Commons, in the fourth Sef-
fion of Ring William's ftcond Padiament,

Tindal lays, That the Lords added a Chute to the Money Bill fent up by the Com-
mons, by which they taxed themfelves. That Claufe was difagreed to by the. Com-
mons* Nemine Contradicente, as an Encroachment on their Righs in the Article of
giving Money, and lent to the Lords to dtfiie a Conference thereupon ; to whom they
reprelented, " That the Commons had dilagreed to the Claufe added by their Lord-
ihips to, the Money Bill, as being a notorious Encroachment upon the Rights of the
Houfe of Commons to order and fettle all Matters relating to the Giving of Money,
which their Anceftors had been fo jealous of 5 {hat they thought it a Diminution of
this their fundamental Piivilege to give their Lordfhips any Rcafon for fupporting it 5
and their Lordfhips, after a long Dehate, refolved to recede, from the faid Clauie by
f© great a Majority, that the Houfe did not divide upon it — and fo dropped the.
Claufe.

On the Journals of the Houfe of Commons it appears, fl That Vol. X, Page
the Lords had agreed to the Bill, intituled, An A&for granting to 780,
tbeir Majejlies pn Aid of Four Shillings in the Pound, fife —with
an Amendment. Provided, nevertheless, that all and everv the Peers that are to bo
raied by. Virtue of this Acl, for their Offices or pergonal Eftate, (hall be rated by
7£Mw*wEarl of Pembroke, Lord Pi ivy Seal, George .M.w\*\% *& HoBJax* WWaojvi^
Hvloffiwoa, Loid Steward of tbe Hou(hoW\, CborUs^wX^^rfw^wrj^.^.
Wtnyfivfottliem, and not ,other wile * and.(^\ao!t^^5\t&^-%»>2^^^V^

^. -

€#--

<B

420 APPEND I X.

ment of his or their Perfom, any Thing in this A& contained to the -Contrary notwith-
itanding. Provided alfo, and it is hereby declared, that the feverat Rates and Tswes
to which the Lords and Peers of this Realm fball be liable, -by Vi^rue ©f this Ac*,
ihall be received by a Collector to be nominated by the Peers ; which &id CottecTor
ihall caufe the fame to be paid into his Majeftyte Receipt of Exchequer, on or before
the Twenty fifth D*y of March, 1 693." And the Queftion being puv-thar the
Houfe do agree with the Lords in the taud Amendment? If pafled in> rhe Negative.
-—-And by Order of the Houfe, S»r Thomas Clarges reported the ReafoMfr to be of-
fered at * Conference with the Lords, " That the Right of granting Supplies- to the.
Crown is in the Commons alone as an efTential Part of their Confutation, and the
Limitation, of all fuch Grants, as to the Matter, Manner, Meafure and Time, is
only in them, which is fo well known to be fundamentally fettled in them, that to
give Re 3 Tons for it, has been efteemed by our Anceftors to be a weakening of that
Right, and the Chufe fent down by their Lordihips was a manifed Violation tbere-
o; V •' And an Amendment beings propofed to leave out * c Violatum*' and infert
cc hmqfion" inftead thereof, the fame was, upon the Queftion put thereupon, agreed
unto by the Houfe.

-. .. p And after feveral Conferences Mr. Attorney- General reported,

Id. id-, rage „ That t])eJr j^^ps did not infill upon their Provifoes^ *

?**• From thefe Records and Authorities, as well as known Facts,

I apprehend it clearJy appears, that the Lords do not vote in the Election of a Com-
moner to ferve in Parliament, nw intermeddle therein. And that
See Bp. Wor- the Houfe of Commons have, a Right in Money Bills, that they are
cefier s $ Cafe. to be affented to or rejectee! by the Lords without Alteration* or
Jour. H. Cora. Amendments, I will now add fuch other A els and Authorities as may
vol. XIV. further (hew, that the King's Fee Farm Rents, the Palaces of St.

Page yj» ct James's, Whitehall, Somerfet- houfe, &c. and the Regalities of Wales
aliaL and Chefter, and even the Civil Lift: Revenue, are, and have been

occafionally fubjecled to be charged by Acts of Parliament for the
J>ublick Ufes.

It is well known, that before the Revolution the whole (landing Income of the
State was in the Power and Difpofal of the Crown ; and was cal-
TlnJ. Cont. led the Revenue of the Crown; there was then no Diftin&ion of
Rap. what was to be allotted to the King's Ufe, and what for the Ser-

vice of the Publick, by which Means the King might referve what
Part he thought fit for his own Defigns, and employ no more than he pleaied for the

* The Editor takes the Liberty of adding in this Note the following Authorities.
The Commons, in 17c© having tack'd or confolidated the^ Land- Tax and Irifli- Forfeiture
Bills, and the Lords having return'd the fame with certain Amendments, the Commons re-
jected the faid Amendments for the following Reafons, viz. " For that all Aids and Supplies
" granted to his Majerty in Parliament, are the fole -and entire Gift of the Commons 5 a ad as
*' all Bills for the granting fuch Aids and Supplies begin with the Commons, fo it is the un-
" , doubted and fole Right of the Commons to direct, limit and appoint, in fuch Bills, the Ends
* £ and Purpofcs, Confiderations, Limitations, and Qualifications of fuch Grants; which ought
" not to be chang'd or alter'd by your Lordfhips. This is well known to bf filch a Funda-
*' mental Right of the Commons, That to give Reafons for it has been efteefifd by our Aiicef-
" tors to be a weakening of that Right/' &c— — And tho' the T«ords at a farther Conference
itrenuoufly contended for their faid Amendments, in Gfpofition to thefe Reafons ; the Com-
mons adher'd, and left the Bill with their Lordfliips, to adopt in the Grofs, or reject as they
thought fit. . After which the Reader need not be told what was the Iflue.

ExtraSi from the Report of a free Conference between tbc tivo Houfes, Feb. \y, 170^-3^.
" That the Antient Manner of giving Aids was by Indenture, to which Conditions were
<c lbmetimes annexed; the Lords 6 nly gave their Confent, without making any Alteration •
4t And this was the continued Practice, until the latter End of Henry the Fifth, and, ia fonje
Instances, until Henry the Seventh. That in the famous Record, calFd the Jnde/npnity of
the Lords and Commons, fettled by the King, Lords and Commons, on a mod folemn
Debate in 9 Henry IV. it is declared, That all Grants and Aids are made by the Commons,
€t and only ejfented to by the Lords. That the modern Practice \$, to omit the Lords put of the
te Granting, and name them Parties only to the Enacting Claufe of Aids granted to the Crown 5
" to which their Lordmips have always concurred, and on Conferences departed from Aeir
S( Attempts of petty Alterations in Ads reUtm« xtacewvxa. "\Y\afc.tf tivwi all Aids bt fey the
€ f Grant of the Commons, it follows that \ke> VAvxuto&rai, \SYVp&ua&i *x& \tassac <&* Kv-
' tyur m mufr Jikewife belong only *o them" . - "- c"

€C
€t
it

*M

4**

Jfofpo&s of the Natron : Accordingly it was found, after the Reftoration, the Pub-
lick Revenue had been conftantly embezzled, and immenfe Sums very often funk
without being applied to the Ufes for which they were granted j it was therefore wife-
ly concerted, aftet* the Revolution, for the Security of the Nation from perpetual Mis-
applications of tfee PubHck Money, to allot a feparate Income for the Maintenance
of the King's Houfhold, and the Support of his Dignify, which is now called tne Cj-
v*l LHVaad H> put the relt of the Publick Revenues entirely under the Command of
the Parliament. .

It wainot till rite Ninth and Tenth of William HI. that the Civil Lift was fet-
tled upon the King for Life, though he had earneftly defired it, and had fubjeclefl
that Reteriue to be charged to the Ules of the War. And on the Opening of the third
Seffions of the third Parliament, when they did fettle it upon him during his "Ma je-
tty's Life, the Xing' tellsthem> ** That the Revenues of the Crown had been lb an-
ticipated by his Confent for Publick Uies, that he was wholly deftitute of Means to
Support the Civil Lift :" Neverffcelefs, by an A& of the Twelfth and Thirteenth
^William IIL Three Thoufand Seven Hundred Pounds a Week (as the Neceffity of
the Publick Affairs required it) was taken out of that Revenue " to be applied and
difpoted of to and for the Pubftck Ufes during his Majefty's Life/* J5y an Act
granting an Aid to her Majefty by a Land Tax, pa (Ted in the flrft Year of the
Reign of Queen An n e, for carrying on the War again It France, the
Receivers ot the chief Rents of her M»jefty, and of the Queen Dowa- Ch. i, § $3,.
ger, and the Receivers of any Perfans claiming under the Crown
were enjoined under (evere Penalties to deduct their Taxes of Four Shillings in the
Found out of the faid Rents, and in like Manner the Fee Farm Rents of 'the. Crown,
the Palaces of St. James's, Whitehall Windfor-Caftle, arid Somerftt-houfe, &c. axe
fubje6led to the Land Tax through all the Succeeding A6ts of Par-
liament. By an A6t of the Firft of King George, intituled, An Jour. H. Com.
A& to enable his Majefty to gtant the Regalities of North Wales, Vol. XIV.
South- Wales, and County oj Chefter, to his Royal Htghnefs the Prince Page 48.
ef Wales* &c. it is enacted, " That it (hall and may be lawful for
the King's moft excellent Majefty, by Letters Patent, c^r. to give and grant unto his
faid Royal Highnefs all the laid Honours, Caftles, &c. within the Counties of Flint,
Denby, Montgomery, Carnarvon, Sec. and the County Palatine of Chefler, and evc:ry
or any of them, which do now belong to hrs Majefty, his Heirs and SuccefloiF, &c.
—--Jo nevertheJefs that the fame do not extend to any Taxes, Aids or Revenues
whatfoewr granted or to be granted to theOown by Parliament, to or for any Pub-
lick Uie or Ui'ts wbatfoever j to have and to hold the laid Honours, Caftles, Lord-
fhips, Manors, Meffuages, Lands, Tythes, Tenements, Rents, Hereditaments,
Poffeffions and Premifc*, fo to be granted as aforefaid unto him the faid Prince, and
his Heirs, Kings oi : Great -Britain ; fubjec"r, neverthelefs, to fuch annual and other
Payments and Incumbrances as are legally charged thereupon, or
wfually fatisfied cut of the Revenues of the fame." And upon a Com. Deb.
Computation of the Revenues of the late Prince of Wales, in the Vol. IX.
Year 1736, when the Land Tax was at Two Shillings in the Pound, Pagje 327^
the Deducts ons were Five ThcuJ and Pounds a Year for the Land Hift. Reg.
Tax upon Fifty Thoufand Pounds, the Six-penny Duty to the Civil Vol. XXII.
Lift, and the Fees payable at the Exchequer, about Two Thoufand Page 387.
Pounds more 5 fo that his nett Revenue on the Fifty Thoufand Pounds ct feq.
a Yeari allowed him by the King, would not amount to more th in
Forty-three Thoufand Pounds yearly, befides his Dutchy of Cornwall. Ry this Efti-
mate we fee the Royal Family, for what they re r eived out of thet^tvil Lift, were
fubjec!t to Parliamentary Taxes, until it was otherwife provided by paiticular Acts 5
and indeed by the Seventh and Eighth of William III. Chap. 17, Seel. 1a, it is
enacted, " That no Letters Patent, granted by the King's Majefty, or any of his
Royal PredecelTors, &c. mall be conftrued or taken to exempt any Perfon, City,
Borough, ©V. or any of the Inhabitants of the fame, from the Burden and Charge
of any Sum or Sums of Money granted by the Aft ; and all Non objiantcs, in fuch
letter Patent made, or to be made, in Bar of any A61 or A6ls of Parliament for
the Supply or Aifillanee of his Majefty, are dechied to be vovd, *xA c& ww^^^"

If upon thefe, and many other Authorities w\Y\c\\ rcA^\\.>cre. -*&&v\cfc&\o^^^ew*vvA-
p&fc, rt fliould appear, that the Revenues of iVie C?cv*>t\, va\& ^ ^^"^^^ XAX ^ N
ate,- and have been, fubjefted to the nation^ T^» ^ Greater itwn, ** ^

-%& A F Jf tm D I X.

the Eftates of all the Peers and Commoners of our Mother-Country, from whenct
we derive ourfelves and our Constitution, it will te difficult to conceive any gc*tf
Reafons why our Proprietaries, and their great Eftate in this Province, ftrouM alone*
of all hi* Majefty's Subjects, be exempted from the Pay ment of Taxes for tfit De-
fence and Security of their own Eftates. But our Governor h plea fed to inform us,
That if we tax them at all, it mult be as Proprietaries and Chief Governors; which
is the only Capacity by which tbey are connected with, or related to, the Inhabitants j
that they hold the Government and Soil under the fame Grant, and their Tide to
both is centered in their Perfons, and cannot be fcpa rated, without destroying their
Authority. Now we certainly have other Connections with Thomas Penh, and with
Richard Penny befides their being Chief Governors ; and I fuppofe they may lepa>-
rately eject or commence Actions at Law for Rent, or other Actions, in his »Ma*
jefty's Courts within this Province, in their private Capacity, in the (ame Marnier
that other Inhabitants and Freeholders could do in like Cafes; and the Powers of
Government might have defcended through the eldeft Branches of the Family, of
cither of our Proprietaries, without injuring their Property in the Soil : And tn this
Cafe, the Governor would have been fufficiently authorized by Commfffioh under
him* in whom the Powers of Government were vefted. But the Cotrimiflion of Pro-
perty (which our Governors have not been concerned with till very lately) would
have been infufBcient, unlefs executed by alt who bad a Property in the Lands, and is
now executed by the Governor by Virtue of that Commimon in Oppofition to his
Commillion as Lieutenant Governor, which ex prefly enjoins him not *o grant Land?,
or otherwife interfere with the Proprietaries Affairs of Property.

But to return, as itis evident that the Peers of Great- Britain do not vote in theE-
le&ion of Members to ferve in Parliament, yet their Eftates aie taxed by Bills of
Aids, and Supplies to the Crown, which arife out of the Houfe of Commons; lam
of Opinion, that the Conclufion the Governor draws from his Reafoning in the Mef-
fcge of the Thirteenth of Augufi laft, is in direct Oppofition to the Rights and Ufage
of the Houfe of Commons ; and confequently our offering a Bill, whereby the Pro-
prietary Eftate was to be taxed with all other Eftates within this Province, was not
again ft the very Principles of the Britijb Constitution, as he would imagine.

Have the Proprietaries, fays the Go- >T Have the Peers of Great Britain a.
veruor, a Right to vote in. the Election £ Right to vote in the Election of Repre-
of Repreftntatives as Landholders ? S fentatives as Landholders ? Surely not.
Surety not. Being hereditary Gover- g* Being hereditary Peers of Great' Br itain y
nors of the Province, and having a Vote <* and having a Vote in the Legiflature by
in the Legislature by their own particu- ^ their own particular Repielentation in
lar Repreientative the Governor. How | the Houfe of Lords. How then came
then came you by a Right to tax them .<*. the Houfe of Commons by a Right to
as Fellow Subjects and Landholders, ua tax the Peers as Fellow Subjects and
feeing they had no Voice in cbufing you, 1£ Landholders, feeing they had no Voics
nor were intitled to any, tho' Owners of $ in ehufing them, nor were intitled to any,
Land in every County ? \5 tno ' Owners of Land in every County r

From the very Principles therefore (fays the Governor) of the Britijb Conftitution,
you have no Right to tax them as Freeholders, or Fellow Subjects. But all this
Kind of Reafoning ferves only to eafe us from the whole Force of it, and leaves ifce
Governor to difpute the Principles of the Britijb Conftitution with a Britijb Houfe of
Commons, before whom he will undoubtedly think it his Duty to produce ftr^nger
Arguments than thefc. The Falacy of this Manner of Reafoning is very obvi-
ous.

The Knights, Citizens and Burgeffes, reprefent the whole Commons of England \
but the Peers are predentin Parliament for themfelves only : As it would be unjuft Jo
tax the Peers if tbey had no Reprefentation in the Legiflature, by which they mignt
give their Confent ; fo it would be equally unjuft to tax the Proprietary Eftate here,;
without his A/fent by bis Reprefentative the Governor.

The Peers and our Proprietaries have their Negatives upon all BiHs j but t&e
Equity of taxing themfelves, a* well as all others, for their common Safety ami De-
fence, induces the Lords to give their Affent to Bills offered to them for that Pujr-
j>ofe ', and no doubt the fame Equity ought to be equally binding on our Proprieti-
ries : And it may be hoped, that aU IU&wc\\otA, Vyj <»Yv\t.Vv their Deputy is difabled
from difchajging his. Duty,. will, in due T"\xoJt>^* c«vto^V>^ tor V^etwct; xs^jt \
Hopuetarics, I prcAuue, have no BagU tow* Vw ^^^«\*\\to* ^ ^"

APPENDIX. 4 2 3

Are certainly Landholders in this Province : And under this Confideration they are
exempted from paying Aflembly mens Wages by our County Kate and Levy Aft.
The Peers of .Great-Britain are as certainly Landholders, and many of them Bur-
geiTes and Members of Corporations j yet they neither vote for the Knights of the
Shire or Burgefles ; and* under the fame Confideration are exempted from contribut-
ing to their Expences. The Commons petitioned in Parliament, Firft of Richard
il. that all Perfons having Lay Fee might contribute to the Charge of the Knightsi
The King aniwered, That the Lords of the Realm would not loie their old Lrber-
ties,: Vet in the fame Reign, by the Twelfth of Richard II. Chap. a. it is enacled,
That if any Lord, or any other Man, Spiritual or Temporal, hath purchased *ny
Lands or Tenements, or other PoiTefTions, that were wont to be contributory to fuch
Expencts before the Time of the faid Purchafe, that the fa id Lands, Tenements and
Poileflions, and the Tenants of the fame, be contributory to the faid Expences, as the
laid Lands, Tenements and Pofftflions, were wont to be before the Time of the
fame Purchafe. This Law, which hath continued through fo many Ages, appears
to be founded in juftice and Equity, and will necemirily become the Rule of our
Conduct; for as our Paper Money Acts are near expiring, and it may be hoped
that no future AfTembly will give up their juft Rights for the Ob-
taining of new Emiflions, whatever Inconveniences they may la- See Vinefs A«
bour under for want of them, the Payment of AiTemblymens Wages bridgment,
muft become very burdenibme if they are to be kept fitting, tho\to Tit. Pari.
little or no Purpofe (as of late) through a great Part of the Year j Let. G. Page
and efpecially if our Proprietaries, again ft our Expectations, mould 196.
have as much Power as they have Inclination to get their en- Id. Tit. Peer*
creating Eftates exempted from bearing any Share or our Taxes ; Page 189.
for in this Cafe we have Reafon to apprehend they may judge it y

their private Inter eft to impoverish the People by exorbitant Impofttions, or a Pro*
fufion of the Pub lick Money; and asunder thefe Circumftances Pretences will never
be wanting, new and grievous Burdens will be repeatedly called for, till by Degiees
the Freeholds and Pofleflions of this young Colony muft infenfibly fall into the Pro-
prietaries Hands) and thus by the continual Proprietary Exemptions, and the
Weight becoming ftill heavier uponihe decreafing Number who may be able, for a
while, to bear up, and continue among the Calamities of their Country; thefe too'
muft at length fubmit and leave the Colony their Predecefibrs had cultivated and fet-
tled with Honour under a milder Adminiftration.

REPORT of a Committee of the Assembly, September 23*
referred to in Page 377 of the foregoing Work.

In obedience to the Order of the Houje, <we have confidered the Proprietaries Eleventh,
Twelfth, and Tiwnty-firft Instructions, relating to Money-Bills, and now offer
fitch Remarks thereon as occur to us.

HE Preamble to the Eleventh Inftruclion fets forth, « That the Intereft Money
* arifing from the Loan of Bills of Credit in this Province, was intended by
' the proprietaries, and the Houfe of Reprefentatives, to be applied for the Public

* Service of the Province, and of the Inhabitants thereof, and fhould therefore, un«

* der the Direction of the fame Power that raifes it, be molt carefully applied to
' thole Porpofes, as a greater Security to the People againft Mifapplications, than if it

* was iotrufted only to one Branch of the Legiflaturej and fuch was the ancient

* Practice in their faid Province/ That the Intereft Money was intended to be ap-
plied for the Publick Service of the Province, and of the Inhabitants thereof, is un-
doubtedly right; but that it was ever the ' Practice, 1 or that there was ever even a Jin-
gle: Inftance of the Proprietaries or their Deputies having a Vote in the Application
of the Intereft Money, we muft abfolutely deny. Their Content to the Difpofition
is not required in any of our Loan Acts from the Beginning to this Day, the con-
ftani Tenor of thofe Laws being, that the ' Intereft Money (hall be difpofed q€ «&

« the Aflembly f this Province (hall from Time toXun* o\^« to& &\*t^: *X\^
Confer* wa*. never a&ed, onlefs in this Acce^taaee, <A "fcttfenx* \ca&&. *n«^ ? x ?L tK ^^'
Jtjtfiret}, which could not be forced <m them w\tW\\V*Yt ^ot&«v\\ v ^ ^%^
M 'Application they have indeed beca eadouHv ^tafe& v* w^^ v * ^^ *\;

j

T

\

#1 A P P E N D IX*

Time, toiV Amount of above Thirty faufaxd'Abtibb $i\tH ft^tftHtftefce$ IfcNir^
thajt i^ncLan^ the Excilie. If this was a Miiappltertteta} arid #e^k4(cW bf i*«<dt1fc$
thcTow^ meyjcontend for would not have prevented It * ; fdr >tfsf 'ftftf cfc'WbBaifte^hey
IIiquM eyer fllFipprove or refttfeto (igri A&s, Vote*of1lefelve^ SvbtfebTOej^Wtf^
Jo iuft atftf rVafonable. -•' " '■>'•' ' "' '^ ! i - / siti ,5-jo.^ .' ■ -^ '[

■&n9\ihi*U nad ***** Fffcfems been always a« regular as 'the t&aT^^ '

imerftipVdjbe the Cobtluft cf the Governor ever** ineor*fleh^Sw^t^vhe«PWilifck *
Good, "VcfuY Committee have Reafon to believe, thw^ew Infrrtf&fori Had %ttver*be*4i *
fo;ir%ec{ pa; thought of. But fmce the ReprefenttftiVe* of tfr#Ptt^tawfc^4ft<H6 *
iignif^tWir'-piiapprohation of a Governor's Meaftlres, by witbhoifong'ihofc Tokens
•rthcir tftrtin, AnVflion imd 6ratirude, which wei>e cbnftarrtly ^rven "wRentUejr ■'
fo^ n^ the nj reives well governed ; this Inftruclion is thought ne , ceiTary*.t&t&mf6reed;
Kot for the 'greater Security of the People againft MifappKcation' r for fbe^ 5 never
complained of any j but to compel your Continuance of thofe Prefcnta^ M'temptl-m
Addition to ihem, for they are thought too final! ; and to ctmpd the Payment of
what they are plea fed to call the Arrears of fuch Prefects to any Governors front
whoa) they .have at any Time been withheld. For if the People's Money cannot be
drfpqfed of for their owri Benefit, without the Proprietary or his Deputy** Coofent,
Che Pafl^ge of the Bill, or the Approbation of the Refolve, muft be facilitated, at
the ffro'prietai ies were pTeaftdto tell us on a former Occafion, by a Regard ttf tbeit

Interest, that is, by putting at the fame Time into their private Pockets what*

ever Share of the Publick Money they ftiall be pleated to infift on, under the fpecfout
Name of Salary or Support ; tho* by the Quit-rents, and even by their other Fees and
Perquifites, eflaSlifhed by Law or taken by Cuftom, they have already a Support
much more than fufEcient.

The Money arifing by the Imereft of the Bills of Credit, « well as thatarfmig by
the Excile, is paid wholly by the People. To difpofe of their own Money, by them- *
ielves or their Reprefentatives, is, in our Opinion, a natural Right, inherent inr
every M«n, or Body of Men, antecedent to all Laws. The Proprietaries pay n&'
Part of this Money, and therefore can have no Right to a Share in theYower of
difpofing cf it. They might as reafonably claim a Right to a Negative iiiAheDif* '
po tit ion of every Man's private Fortune, and for the fame Reafoiwi tb'-wtt, i tlite ;
Man's greater Security, and to prevent Mifapplication ; nay, the Reafofl^ wrwJd !
be ftronger, Bodies of Men not being generally Co apt to mifapply their Modey; -jst v
fingle Prodigals. The People have never complained that any fbcb Mifttpplfcas
tion has been made by their Reprefentatives j On the contrary, they have ihewn ;'
their Approbation of the Conduct of the AfTemhly in this tender PoMt*. i by ? I6nj|^re^
peated annual Elections of the fame Men to the fame Truft in the feme Office!' Tbey *
have always fren their Money difpofed, of, from time to time, for* tfce Advantage^'
and Honour of the Publick, or for the King's immediate Service, arid the^ bad*
Reafonto be contented with the Difpofition. The Publick Credit Hafe 1*eto'cbfii !
llaotly preferved, and every Man who ferved the Government, has been always
duly and readily paid: But if this new-chimed Negative in the Proprietaries takes
Place, the People will not have it in thtir Power to reward the Man tbarTdrtes^btip,'
or even to pay the Hire of the Labourer that works for them, withotit'thV Gover-
nor's Leave firft uurchafed; much lefs will they be allowed to fupport/an AktiOt h£
England to defend their Rights, or be able to pay the Expence of profec1ittn^ l tnVJ}r
Complaints when opprtffed. And to prevent their doing this, is, we c^ridn'v^^tiic*'
ther main View of this In(f ruction. " . ; ^ . n.m * \h*

In (Uort, it does not appear to your Committee that this extr^onKW^WrHWrtt^
of the Proprietary's Care or the people's Money, to prevent its being w^eTdrft^ titeM
own Reprefentatives, wa* for the People at all neceflary. Thofe ' teprfffiAti^Ver,
themfeJvcs are a Part of the People, and muft bear a Share of their^rajnirl ^Wr
their own Sakes, therefore, as well as ^o recommend themfelves to^thfe^fte^ftn'^tfWP
Regard of ther Conftituents, it is highly probable they will execute^ tn^TPHift,XW
thty always have done, with JfuiHce, Prudence and Frugalirys t *^K'Freeckttt*fti
the Kjng> Service, and grateful Generofity to Governors that $DCerc&^jPtWtf£
Welfare, and -do not join with, the Proprietaries to opprefs thera. J^uV mrtr*Hiftft^>
turn might perhaps be -japcejajry to ext6rt\^ofe CjtTvT^'ioGbv'ernort' J wfiftS /,A "^ t
*-y ife^jafeflfea to ftile' Mary t and r*wi« tWcWV^V^^ , ^W , ^^

APPEND IX, 49S*

SWtdftW^|ftW)tt* which,' \bf tkm private Cm^aSs rmetimtt m$M vftb tbtit

Ctatfr*W» tw^JMpu* fays true) /* be paid to tbemfel<vetf , „•

The, £fejM?»etaries -at* however willing to permit the Renewal of the Mighty rfw-

famdPou^ f yrti'tfhi* now to link in a few Years, and even: the adding Fargy Tboufanf.

Pounds more, the whole to be emitted x>n Loan, provided, that the Eleventh IfWW.c*

{tweeny Philadelphia and London* ,or fome other fufficieat Provifion anaoled inJLieu
' theieof, as wag done by a former A6V Your Committee cannot help obfecving
here, that the Proprietaries Tending* for their own htterefi appears ia this Inftruc-
tion much stronger than their Cme for That of the People* Very grea£ Emoluments
arjfe to them by Emiffions of Paper Money on- Loan, and the Intereft Money is ft
Tax they are clear of. They are£berefote willing the Quantity mould be encceafedf
hut whatever Advantages they receive from it, they are refolved to fuffer no Dif«4~
vantage from any occafioaal Depreciation ; For they will always be paid their Rentfl
and Quit rents, according to the Rate of Exchange between Philadelphia and London.
By the original Agreements, thole Rents and Qujtrents were to be paid in Sterling
Money (or the Value in Coin current) to the Proprietary Receivers in the Province*
A Bill of Exchange, befides the Sterling Sum convey d, includes ail the Freight, Rifle
aod Expence of conveying that Sum in Specie to London. Now we conceive the Bw-
ple are not, nor can in juftice or Realbn be, obliged to transmit their Rents to Lon~
don $ and pay them these to the Proprietaries. If the Proprietaries fhould think, fit
to remove to China, they might as jaftly add to their Demand the Rate of Exchange
between London and Canton t Thia therefore is Extortion, and ought never ^ to
be allowed io any future A&, nor any Equivalent made for it. For had that Equi-
valent been really given as a Matter of Juftice, and not extorted as Purchafe-Money
for the Law, it would have been extended to the Rents of private Landlords, a*
well as thofe of the Proprieta'ies, Befides, the great Sums to be yearly remitted to
them in London, for which no Returns come back to the Country, naturally tend to
raiietbe Exchange ; and even put it in the Power of their Agents to raife it ccca*
fionally, juft before the periodical Times of Payment (to the great Injury of the Peo-
ple) and to lower it again at their Pleafure ; ( a dangerous Power this, if no Incon-
venience can arife to themfelves by the Rile of Exchange I The Depreciation of
Money in every Country where it happens, is a common Calamity. The Proprie-
tary £$ate ought not to be exempt fiom it, at the Expence of all other Eftataf.
There are many fixed Ground Rents, and other Rents anting in the Province be-
longing to the People, and due to private Eftates, Thefe Rents have as much Right
to be confidered, and their Deficiency, in cafe of Depreciation, provided for oat '
«f the Publick Funds, as thofe of the Proprietaries But of thefii they take no Cafe*
4o their own are fecured* It appears however to your Committee, that alltRentsin
the Country, ought to be Qn the fame Footing, with regard to any Lofs by the Deppe*
ctation of lis Currency, fmce that is lefs likely ever to happen which it is the Inttr*
•ft of all to prevent.

Your Committee now come to the Twenty-firft Inftru&ion, by the Preamble, of
which it i9 infmuated, as if A&s for Provincial Taxes had been common in this
Province, and that the Proprietary's Eftate had been always exempted in fucb A£k$ $
whereas the Truth is that there never were but two «or three, and thofe in .t^«
early Times #f the Province, when the Proprietary's Circumflances were low, hit
A&aixa encumbered, and the Quit-rents ,fb i'rnall, as to be infufiident .for' bis Svp-
Mct r and therefore they were not only exempted from any Part of rach Tax, but
bmtteaand Licence Fees were granted to help them ouu— -For more tfcan iFoiey
^•ars, as the fcxeife and Interelt Money baveheen fu&cient Jbr Support of QxnetA*
Jfttnt; no £rovinjctal Taxes have beta levied (in this very Inftniaion, afitrie k>wtr #
they themfelves acknowledge none have *been raifrd in their Time) and thr Pro-
prietary ftftete hM vaftiy enoreafed : Thole Licence Fees ace arfo vairy iacrtam,
an4 vet they ftftl ^receive them, But that their Eftate fhould now be exempt frofti
tt - official Ta^^ appear* to tis e«£rWftn»v

ifenabje/ During the piftrefi of the Family, there was l&emfe i~**^**i
v ion woeg $U Pepple to pay tfcft ?rojht\a^i*iS%2» *> * 1 S8"^5^^
mv ttom thcact as. iiiftfy elaim a Riant of Wxti* «w*t %«?cmki ^"z^ZLSx
Jjjmck whoever tbcj crofa the Seas — -Bi* N*«*^Wk **** <**» «•** s

Hk

42$ A £ V £ N Br-r-Sk'-

tlfedMfttyiSetwyy be had a mrach better Claim to tficm than lw S^frfwfttfc

undertook to a& ae an Agent -and Advocate for his People, In qngtaffijAktyz
fent! inVfecurfr their Rights and Privileges ;< not like his Su^dTpr^ ^q^Ij^ ^
deftVoy them *. Mi»r-;r : , . --:. • - ,.,•',.. , ; ,>, ^p'^V-J v -v<T •

Thelndru^ion farther fays, That ' fince the Expiration of thoftr former J^aws,^o

* AS^bath ever been granted by the. Alterably tp t>heai > as Proprietaries^ Aj ,Prp r
prietarreV, what Rights have they to Aids I Aratheyjnpt ^ered^'y^^^Qjprkrf
the Province ? -and while, they have, indulged |heo>felye$ with, #n, almqft .c,ojsrran.t
Reiidencefa £ag/a«rVceaiDte from their Country, and greatly to^ita JC^copve^
rilence fcrid Prejudice, have not she Affembties <^ftantly fuppo^ed $eir pepmy>
fettt by 'the Proprietaries vtoi do what they ought fhenifelvefctO; ^a^Hpie jn
Perfon ; thoogh he was often an iropecfe& Peft-uty^ rerVained w <tu^fe Powers
which mould always fabfmVand be^prefent in every: .GoTjernment ,fqr the^commoni
Welfare? But they are pleafed to fay, >/ thfiy-h>v«v voluntarily ^an^chearfully
expended feveral considerable- Sums .of their ©\*wv Money for ^Advancement of
ttte ProVlncei*' This f hey fatd likewife to a former Affembly, and the Anfwer
was; J * We are unacquainted with thefe Expends j .let the Accounts ^e laid before

* u?i arid-whatever Expeace appears to have, been made for the .Service of the
< Province (hall be allowed, and repaid with Thanks.'— Thofe Accounts have
never -yn appeared; arid till they do, we think' they ought not to be made the
Fbdn&ftf on of any Claim whatever , .

They fay farther, « thattbey had no Reafon to fufpeft that the Affembly would

* deviate ii much from the former Ufage, as to pretend, by any MI, qf theirs ', to

* Charge* the Proprietary Eftate in the Province with the Burden of any Taxes/
Amateing t If the< AiTembly deviated from the former Ufage, by taxing their own
EiUtes, and thofe of their Conftttutenta (their uiual, Funds failing) why mould they
nfot deviate in the fame Manner in taxing the Proprietary Eftate ?, And what
are the particular Merits of this Family, that wi}en,the whole 5ri//^& Natipn,
When every Eftate in the Kingdom, as well as in this Province, is , taxed, to-
wards the Recovery and Defence of their Eftate in PennfyVvania,; tnar.yery Eftate
alone mould be exempted, and they fo confident of its Right to an ^emption* as
to have no Reafon to fufpefl the AiTembly would attempt to tax it ? , ,> ' r '..,',

* But it fcems ' the AiTembly have represented them in an untrue J-jgbt* as if
4 unwilling to aflift the Pu Wick, by contributing towards the Pef en^e of the Coun-

* try; tiro' no. Application had. ever once b*en made, to them for tfcat Purppfe,*
How far they are placed in an untrue Light , ou this Account, will, we presume,
appear before we flnifli this Report. It appears too, by a Reportof a former
Committee.— -They ltkewite fay, 'no Application was ever once made to tliem

* for their Afliftaoce towards the Defence of the Country ,\ Heretofore it was
thought that the Country was beft defended by maintaining Peace and a good
Understanding with the Indians. This was done from Year to Year by expend ve. and

'repeated Prefents. The Proprietary reaped great Advantages from this good Under -
- ftanding and thefe Prefent5,in his Bargains with the Indians for Lands. TheExpences

frew yearly more and more heavy, and repeated humble Application* were made to> the
ropnetaries, that they would be pleafed f> bear a Part, but without Succe^*. They
vouch fa fed indeed an Amwer to the laft Application, but it was .to reject it with theut-
moft Pride and Scorn, claiming an inherent Right of Exemption oi their Eftate/f^ * #
fuhUck Charges itbaifoewr, in virtue of their being Governors as well as Proprie-
taries. And the Sixty tbcufand Pound Bill is called an Attempt of tjb% A*&»bJy
byr 'an A3 of theirs*? to charge the Proprietary Eftate, as if they- had pinned
to do* it alone by their t own Authority, The Afferobty could nojfc po&tyy think
of taxing the Proprietary Eftate, without the Coiupnt of the Proletaries byjhcir
laeputy ytne Bill was therefore another bumble Application to ..-jba Proprietaries
for their Consent to a Thing fo rcafonable i» and ^^ the very Stilt jo£ it was, a ^r
fray, that it may beenaaedw' 'But that Prayer could not be grapt^. Mw?4^ the
»lPiJo>i«^wa» oatheBHnkofiiUia; And yet it ftem's the Proprie^riea wtre not

r ,y»#\<-i

w ;,*. This he executed fa fever^l ^nftapces, ar^ fvtioibriX in his Anfw^er^o tjbeLoxds of
: , v!?^e>pyeak)as to, the.^oC privileges to a, Freeman, in the ye^'i70S,; m*;wCch he
,x itforxnf&Jhcix LomThips^tha^the A^ >v« a»?ft^^^ y$^ Charte/ ytV\dx. 'ail ^mgh'fih-

A^ P F FN- U I X; 42*

Kn^J 8 ftybtijgfc 1 their" bepury-deelar4d they hod wpcdly^^vaB^^^wiJ by
brdfrbfahis Commiffion ^--TheBilr however wftigraauiedwith th£ Ch^rafte*
itfifojtrft *n& extraordinary." Thus it is, vtr*ien»M«niudge iniheir awfi Cffes,
Thefe Gentlemen think it «w/P to tax their Eftates, though all the W#l^ *hinJQ*
f! iliU&n^ bee»~u(uaH<«t might jbcyfe/^pxtnior-

"olftir^V buj^eMode of Tafcatiort was by no Meaos cxtiaor^intry, being th«

Wad Tueft been taxed evety where from 'the ^fha% Settlement ^Amtr'w,
We to^er^ft would hive tttide^W the Ihereafe of'the'Inhabitanty, a^d-the^re^ier
&reh£tlr < b? 1 tlte' Colonies? fbr 5 !^ ftifch irtimettfe Quantities of La»4<wqu|4 r ,noJ
have i ' bterl ^hidtlbpbHied andlairVdWmaht, but People i would) ro«re eafily, fcaye ; ob-
tained J Settfemeiitsi and been lea «d f dofer together^ ; ■= h - //
But the Pi-bprietaries would have it urtderflood, tha«itr is Knot for their jp^ij&afee
only, that they ohjecV to the fifty TboUjand Pound Bill which was refund* .«r -tl^e
Sixty Tbbufand Pound A& that pafled.- They are tenderJy cowcerned jfor^Uve 'Eftates
of others. No Part of the Lauds of a Delinquent* wh^refufes orAggJe&feto pay
his Tax, ought, in their Opinion, to b% fold, for Payment .5 though Laurie iu, A*
mertcazTc by AcV of Parliament made liable to be lold for Ehfcbaege o£ I}fbt§, v and
were aim oft always fo here by the Laws of this Piwidee. If Lands, or ParUroi Land
may bfer fold to fatisfy pri*vate, why not publick Debts I And rthough ft be
unufoal in England, it has bug been the Practice, ; asirawe are nafQrm*d, in
feveral oF the Colonies, particularly in Nenv-Englntid. But they iay, fift Tax
. cf * One SbiSing ■■•in the Pound, on the whole Value/ is i what never waa Jaid,
nor eaVi pofllbly be paid, in any Country.* Strange;! n May not .a Country
in imminent Danger give a Twentieth Part of their Eftates to favft».the> f*ti*er
Nineteen ? Is it impoffible even togive a Half, or three ^Fourths, to lave the other
,Half 6r (garter ? May they not even give Nineteen Parts to fave the Twentieth ?
The PropnetaryVGiftof/^^T^w/«»^?»«»^f, they afterwardsfay, is twenty times
more than their Tax, if fairly and equally aflVffed, could by that Bill have amounted
to. If fo, it is poflible to give the whole twenty Parts. ---But it has always been
*mdeiftoooY that Eftates are not to be taxed to the full Value they might fingly fell
for. In the fam ft Bill it was provided, that located unimproved Lands mould not be
valued in the Rates at more than Fifteen Pounds per Hundred Acres ; when 'tis well
known, that the Proprietary's 1 owe ft Price for wild Lands on the Frontiers is Fifteen
Pounds *Feri SbiHrng-s per Hundred 1 $ and that the located unimproved Lands in their
f Mahbrs, are, feme bf them, valued at "Three or Four Hundred Pounds per Hundred 1
they may 1 therefore well fay, that * if that Tax had been Fully aiFeffed, it
4 muil haveamoubted to many times the Sum ■;' bat then their next Affertion is
1 tomewhar incenfifteht, viz. That the Bill laying this Tax was « moft unjuftly
r ^ calculated for the purpofe of putting it in the Power of the AflefTors to tax the
: - r -PfoJn*ietarjr Eftates up to the full Value, and to eafe other Perfons, by taxing
^•'•^rfem (bltfi;htly as only to make Up the Refidue of, the Fifty Tboujhnd Pounds* in
Cjati <zvbi?&Cafe t much the greatefl Part of the Km den might have been laid on the Pro-
ar;i pifetary Eftates- alone.*--— The Value of the Propriuary Eftate has long, for pru-
-^flentiil Keafons, been kept a profound Secret; and the Proprietaries have lately
• s1 given Fi've^fhoufahd Pounds rather than fubtnit it to the Enquiry of the AiTeffors.
vir Bufc f'^oW Committee conceive fome Light maybe obtained on that Head, from this
' ^^rfbf ^¥Ke Kiftruftion compared with the Fifty Thmfand Pound Bill, By that Bill
-tMerr wJFd'unftrrveyed, or un located Lands, which are many Millions of Acres, were
'InbrUb'b^'ta^ftd at all, though they never fell any of them for lefs than Fifteen
^ yPM&s'Ten Shifting;, per Hundred Acres.— The4r taxable eBftate xonfifts chieily in
^ fbciffe^l (though uncultivated) Traces and Manors, and "in the referv'd Qn it rents
^^ar^^^onVtheLandftrttey have ftdd, The^e Manors and Traas are generally
&*'• choice, %e1ngt>fthe beft Lands, pfek'dout of evei»y new Purchafe from the Indians
by their Surveyors, before the Office is opened, and laid by for a Market, not to
~ be-dSfpofedx>f -rill all the fbrfounding Lands are fold and fettled. This has increafed
t;. ifcelf .Vklue prbdigioufly, fo that they*are now, one with another^ v^UssA *j£<*sst*.
^■lhhifflr?e Hundred Pounds 'per* Hundred*. Yet \a^ xVv^^W> ^v^| "««^ -ss*c\s»\«*
w ^hxW^s'^orth ttiore than Ftfteeft' Potinds per llucvA«^:-.-K^^^ ^^^1^^^
CfJ the fame BUI, 'their S^uitrents were to be tracA Vfc,\\v* Jame ^tawvet ^e^
* £/iates 9 \ cenfequently is great an Ab*temet\x to >at tsv?Afe ^^^t^ 7 * 2 * 5 ^

mjt V. ^

A P P B NT IX R 3©

< " M

9^ updef this vtry me*fera* VaWttenrtf; tfcei
ten in the power #f Ike Afltflfor* to J*aveJsM*^£
of t|^fcK^ff»,«»4h«ir Eftatetrjfo* N©w, mchth* greatcfi Puxt <6f < $$£ tbtm
fand K Pomds may bo Jbf£ Ttimfimd Pounds, but *e witt % (fo* Moderadon^
Sake) it U o*\y' ?Tbir$j rhuffrti P*u*d* t aod th*tc$iuft seigbt tavr t>f«ft TdiTed ky
that BU|,qp* thf P*>prieu»y £ tetee, in two Yet**#*bj a Tax :*£ OnzAhiilivg Jq>
&cP^^^fi/i«« Thouftudfwtds per 4nmm*,:Ths -<6|psBf&/taiffs£fc«i
TfiVuf and Posada am Three tfvqdred Thou fond* ffii»(^ertity their rEftttto^atitt^i
" >w Vajuatie* we-wo?«k^ if yow onutipjy that

*J uatipn by to, ,40 bri *g , it ****&, th* uuih, , We , Eftates mp# amount to Si*
//*w*r, ^cl*firc of their wiW Land* as aforofcjdc X£ this Cowputaftioei he too
firgh^ they 4^ay heaWe htttafteR toXhew itsMi&afces* , At f»efent wc conceive too
Coplcquen^^lairly, dcawn* fw>m t , Facts and their -owiv iVernifas* *~-<ADd jfe* this
their f eiu>roK>us Ewe is, by their Infractions, ** b« exempted. , while all liieir Fd-
fpjpSukjeQa groan Hnder tin Weight pf Taxes fc* its Defence T it being the firtfc
attacked iiKthe pc efcnt War, and fart of it on the Cto, the Prize contended for by
&Ene i my.-^<M-tho^hth^, tPW#fds the End of this In rhuft ion, pretend to be
*. moftreadj and willing to. bear a juft Proportion, along, with their Tenant* in
• any necenary Tax for the Defence of the Province/ yet this appears clearly to
be .a were Prefepce % face tHeyabfritfttely except their ^gitrents, and their located
' tinlmproved Landa, their. Fine** «aad the Purchafep Monies they have at Iruereft $
that if, in a Manner, their <wkoU Efictie, as your, Committee know of little they
have left to be taxed, but a Ferry-houfe or two, a Kitchen, and a £)og -Kennel.

fiut unimproved Lands mould not, in our Proprietaries Opinion, pay any Taxes.
becaufe ' they yield no annual Profit/ This may deceive People in EngUmd (woe* a
the Value •£ Land is much at a Stay), as they are unacquainted with the Nature of
Landed Effete* in growing Plantations* Here new Lands, without Cultivation,, with-
out Fencing, or fb snueh as cutting down a Tree, being referved and laid, by for a
Market tilfthe furrouriding Lands are fettled, improve much more in yearly Value e-
trea than Monty at lotertft upon Intertft. Thirty Years ago, the be ft and richeft
Lands near the Proprietary's Co*^y?o^ir Manor, were worth and fold for about Forty
Pound} fer Hundred Acres. That Manor was then laid out and referved, containing
near Seventeen Thoufand Acres s And now the Lands of that very Manor, which, -
though fa long. located, have never yet beep cultivated, will fel) fat Three Hundred
tndJFifty Pounds per }i\xnc\re&Acrn 5 which is near Nine for One, or Eight Hundred
fir Cent, Advance 4 Can an Eftate thus producing Twenty five per Cent; per Annum
on the prime Coft, be, with' any Propriety, called { an Efieti yielding np annual
< Pfdfit P' Is it not a well known Practice in the Colonies, to Jay out great Sums of
ready Money for Lands, without the lea ft Intent of Cultivation, but merely to fell
them again hereafter ? Would People follow this Practice if they could not make more
Profit of theirMoney in that Way than by employing it m Improvement of L^nd^inTradt, -
e)r inputting it to Intereft, though Interest in thePlantationsis fromSix to Ten p*r Centum*
Docs not luch Land, though otherwife unimproved, improve continually in its Value?
How mean and unjuft is it then, in thefe Gentlemen, to attempt to conceal the Ad*/
traniages of this Kind of Eftate, and fcreen it from Taxes,' by lurking under. thr
amMgOokr apt decetiful Te%ai9 f of unimproved Lands, and Lands yielding wt an~
nual Profit?' ; "-,-•:';•<; ? y {.. ^,_-

Mean^y unjuft indeed, in this Inftance, do they appear to your Committee ^ who
esnnot but obierve, that the Proprietaries, knowing their own Inclinations ( to fcceen
their dwd Eflates, and load, thoie- of the People, from thence fufpe&ed tJiel^onie :
tnight be equally uujuft, and intend, by the Fifty Thwfend found Bill, to e*t& thtir
EUatet, and load tho/e of the Proprietaries- ' The- ii ill, fay the,y, appears to* us to ^
4 h%mlfiMdafilycQlcuiattd % for thePurpofe of putting it in the Pewe*. of Eerfbosy .
4 whoHy chofen by the People^ te tax ourEftates up-toxhe/ull Value thereia mention-
« ed, aqd to eale other Perionjs by taathg.thena/ojifthtiy, as only to inake up.t^e|le- 1
9 fiduo that might be wanted to con>pJete the pijfylfboufnnd Pounds* In whscht Cafe
4 fthe Pe/fons xhofea by tbePeop?^ m\glH,]wye'laA by much tfye greateft Parr of. the
« BLufvlett upon our Eftates alone-T \H^ tJ^y,iate«d#4.to raife much ihegreaiefl Parr of
4if ^T&q&Tffiji Ttoufi^fimndsm {thf ' Prop^ie^a|j^ Efiate, would; the Hoiuic io -
fadjjy Hayh*<xepip(i,p£ fit^%^aiiA t Pw&'\^V^ *&> W^ ^«e of tbatiTaaj^H
But why. this £o/bkion ofnho A|^n^\s^V^r\^\t^^^

'aries^har'ge -..them with,; Aa±,pe»\4A BW %W»(^ SV^'^W*^? 1^**?' r v

« \

tMttrt^iheinoft onjuft s*d dimontft of Men ? The A&rTors , ft is^iie, *H

<toifa%f>iktftOBk)thcj always were fo by our Laws $ and let a J£a*% Bftateb*

everB gteat, he tare but one Vow in the Choice of fhemi But have the Pr#prtet|rie»

n6£riirnfc& their Province? WhatU tocome of all thcif Dependant* s*d BxWeV

tantsfpsttafenn Place, or hoping for Places; the Thooiands m their Debt* *hfe Mart*

gagqrs at fteif Mercy ? Will none of tbtle, out of I^vej or ,tf ^ «rf Te«i v^t*

foeh+tieft Afftflbrs, that may take Care the Proprietary is not o^prefied by tto Wfegff

of an unjot* Tax ? Could the A&mHiy be certain, that the whole People **eta *§>

wicbtoY as to join in chufing and trufting Setts of dimoaeA Aflkh^*, me^fr*o^wrd*£

the Proprietary:? Ave there no Laws in the Province egaimV Perjury I Ar e ttb? *h*

Afftflets by fcaw lo be (worn Or affirmed to aflfefs themferve* and all Others impartially |

and have they act always been chofen as Men of Note for Probity and JttfticeJ What

adaikPrOipeSe mwft a Man's «wn Heart afford him, when he cvo from tbtnctfattn

fuch Ideas of the Hearts of a whole People ! A People farnmir throughout the WpM 9

for the Juftice and Equity of their Laws, the Purity of their Manners, 4heiir< HiinYav

nity and ttofpitality to Strangers, their Affection to their late honoured Proprietary,

their Faithfulnefs in their Manufaclures and Produce, a*d Uprightnefc tftal! thnr

l>ealingt 1 and to whofe Virtue and Induftry thefe very Gentlemen ow& ail their ^Jre-

fcnt Greatnefe \ ' ' :■..:. r^i f

The Proprietaries arepleafed farther to fey, « That the Laying Taxes on the teal

* Value of the Fee-fimple, and the Sale of Land for the Payment of Taker, ate eon*
f trary to the Laws and Statutes of Great-Britain* Your Committee eannot find that
any Laws or Statutes were ever made in Great-Britain to regulate the Mode of laying
Taxes in the Plantations ; and if there are none fuch, our Bill could notsbe contrary
to what never exifted. la Virginia \\\e Taxes are laid on Staves, and paid in Tobac-
co j aad every Colony has its own Mode of Taxation, fuited to its own Ctrcora-
ftmces, a 1 mo ft all different (torn each other as well as from that tried in England. Btrt
different from, and contrary to, we conceive to he diftinA and different Things $ other-
wife msfny of oar Laws, even thofe which have been approved at Home, and receiv-
ed the Royal A (Tent, are contrary to the Laws of England. But as we (aid before,
the Laws of England themfelves, make Lands liable to pay Debts in the Colonies ; and
therefore to (ell them, or a Part of them, to pay publick Debts, is not contrary to>
but conformable with, the Laws of England,

But the Proprietaries * cannot find that the Qaitreats referved to the Crown-— m
4 any of the other American Colonies, have ever been taxed towards the Ratling any
' Supplies granted in thofe Colonies j and indeed thole Qoitrents are generally Jf^aaflT
? (meaning the King's Quitrents, we fuppofe, for their own finely are large enough)

* that little or no Land Tax would be due or payable on them, if anting in Great*

* Britain, &c* If your Committee are rightly informed, the King's Quitrenta in
the other Colonies, are applied to ^asV/rf Purpoies, generally for the Service of the
Colony that raifes them* When our Proprietaries fhall think fit to apply thofe ariiiftg
here in the fame Manner, we believe no AfleawbJjr will attempt to tax them* The
Small nefs of the Parts, we cannot conceive to be a good Realton sear not taxingr the
Whole, Where every Man worth lefs than Twenty Shillings a Year is exempt froftr
Taxes, he who enjoys a Thoufandz Year might, as well as our Proprietaries, plead
to heexeufed, for that his Income is only < T e wenty Thoufand Shillings, each of which
Shillings is far within the Sum exempted by Law. In the whole, tho* what arifee
from, each Eftate be no great Sum, their Qtutrents muft amount to a very great Re-
venue f and their fpeaking of them in the diminutive Terms of very fmau $ukre*tt
or Acknowledgments, is only to anflufe and deceive. They are Property $ and Proper*'
jty (heuld pay for its own Prefervaiion. They ought therefore to be taxed to the Do- '*
fenceof the Country. The Proprietaries indeed fay, a Land Tax was unneceflary,
as there are mem other Waft of raffing Money. They wcrotd dovbtiefs chafe anyWay >
In which their Eftate could not be included. Sot what are thofe many other Ways ?
Britain, an independent State, can lay infinite Duties, on all foreign Wares, and im»
toorted Luxuries; We are fuffcred Utile foreign Ifrade, and almoft all our Sqperi tit-
ties are Fettt us from Britain it fe$. Wjll (he permit us to discourage their Importation
by heavy Imports ? or toraife Funds "by taking her Manufactures r A Variety of Ex-
cifes and Duties ferve only to multiply Offices and Officers^ at*&\&\c^t V^«tx<&^sat.
fctfople^pay lor another Part who do not thtirfe to fax ; ^cj'&iLOvte *t \fc&v$ % ^^ «*« >

fait and equal T*x on Property. The fautfe, to ^t ^t^w^t% \V«wto'
tmncknwkdged, is a Pomi^tQia'dl X&\ *X& ^atojtt^^^»v %«»**%^

Wcartiow to hear of the Generality of the Proprietaries, who, as they lay,
*S^*fa*!^^ring not t6*do*>tribute to tl^ Dcfenec ^nd Support ioT His M^
t^fsty&tott *»* Po^inloiK, th$t immediate on jbe fir^t Notice of tt^f^ftat of
- ~ ll Braddofh tjicy had fent ovcran Order *mdn their Receiver GeneraLlto pay
Umtreund? as* a free Gift towards theTf&eVctf W toe f Jid ^rb vlnte^ - We

Jttf prtftStii* tfc aft, why* wheiwhey knew the' Medhiiet were con tbu^l^w^ ried
^P^ftf^ey^and the Bjllsm^fh ^wajioffere^M^
they not uhmanacle their Governor, and at the lame Time fet an Example or Zfcal for
«£e cimiticttr CaVfe b? a gene#ds> Gift on their Pah, before -they Tieatd lofl OfaV De-
feat ? Why^^i fam as they kne>£ lj%wa| fenf XoAmrical Wfwjp^fpn Wffiing-
tWt Defeat, or before his firft Expedition, as foon as ever their Province was attacked,
and they learnt that the Enemy had built a Fort in it ? But the ^Truth is, the Order
watfcnr, nothrtmeSattly bn thtfWeWs of BrtidfacJFVmftot $ thelDate of the Order
will (how that it was a Month after that News arrived in England. But it was imme-
distffy after they had Advice* tha| the Qovernor bad r*/u fed a Grant of Fifty Tboufand
Founds to the Crown /of* the Defence of the Proprietaries Province, becaufe their Eftate
W**ta*editt tti* Bill, alledgihg Reftriclions from them on that Head ; againft which
all the Weald exclaimed, an dan utwerfel Odium was failing on their Heafts, and
tbt King* Wrath juftly dreaded \ then it was, that the boafted Order iffuedi And
yet, at ibon as their FeartfubfidepV it was fmcerely repented, and every underhand
Step taken to get the A#, in which their Gift was fixed, di fa pp roved at Home * tho*

If 'Jth<^ ltd fucceeaed,- when the Bill* emitted were* abroad, and in the Ram &s of the
PubKcfc, many of the poor Soldiers, who had received them in Pay for their Services,
Would have heen mined, and Multitudes of others greatly injured. 'And after all,
this Free Gift, tabe «tw<Vm/*/ppaid, is not yet paid, though more than a Year is e-
Hfrfed^uce th* Order wa* given ; ->- : --and Contracts, entered into by the

. Coromrflioners in Confidence of receiving that Money, are yet unfatisfied,
to the Lofs and; Disappointment of many, and great Detriment to the Service.
• ^lloWSWr, if we will have a Land Tar, they are pleafed to form a BilFfe* us, or at
leaft to direel what Chufes mall be in, and what (hall not be in it, thus violating the
mod eflentia) Right of the Commons in a Britijb Confutation '.-—-and with this par-
ticular Injunction, that the Tax (hall be laid for no more than one Year f and mall
not exceed Four Shillings in the Pound on the Income $ which, efttmating Elfates at

,. twenty Years Purchafe; is about a Fifth of a Twentieth^ or, in plainer Words, a
hundredth Part of the Value. Perhaps this may be well enough in Times oP Tran-
quility $ but when a Province is invaded, muft it be given up to the Enemy, if a Tax

, ©f th<e hundredth Penny is not fuffieient to fave it ? Yes, that is our preftnt Situation j
for the Proprietaries Inftru6lions are, it feems, unalterable. Their Governor is bound
toobferve and inforcethem, and muft fee the King's Province perilh before his Eyes,
rathe* than deviate from them a fingle Tittle. This we have experienced within a
few Days, when Advantage being cruelly taken of our prefent unhappy Situation,
tte prostrate Condition of our bleeding Country, the Knife of the Savages at her
Throat, our Soldiers ready to mutiny for want of Pay and Neceflaries, our People
flying in Vtfytit from the Frontier for want of Protection, the Aflembly was compel-

i led (Eke Sohmoif* true Mother) to wave her Right, to alter our Money-BiU*, abridge
our free Grant to the Crown by one Half, and, in (hort, to receive and ena£l a Law
not agreeable to our Judgments, but fuch as was made for us by the P^oprvetsiry In-
ftnt&iena, and the Will and Pleafure of the Governor's Council i wheteb^pHr Gon-

. flitotion and the Liberties of our Country are wounded in the moft tffrntiat^Pajt, and
•Fen violated and deftroyed. We. have Reafon to confide, however, ^m^ttie Juft ice
of oor Sovereign and a BrM/b Parliament, that this Tyranny, (ba^n^t-iong
iobf?fty#nd ire hope no Time will be loft in making the proper Application «
k -, ; Iatot> we moft fay, in Jutlice totheHoufe, that the Proprietary's, Ch^ige againft

. the AHembly, at «■ bemg inclined "by their Authority to tax the PfopwejaJ^JSftate

,1 difprpportionately, &c+? is, to our Knowledge, ground tefs and unjui,, AqUey had

... nXiy\$Inetinetwn%s Artbority to wrmg him ; T)^ have not, it feemj*,: Authority

enough to ohfige bina to do Jufticf, 'As to their InctinQtiony they bear, $v«ry.Qne of

* tbern; and maintain, the Character of honest Men. When |be Proprietaries mail

^Jb£L/r#£rvvjllipg to bear an equitable Part of the Publick Burden 5 when they mall re-

& poupfe theur exorbitant peipand of Rent as tbe Exthan^ Jball then be \ make Reftitu-

-^ ^ n *f£jheMbtity vvfjich tney have exa&eMtom \*v* h.^\^\Xvt^ t>\ S&xCfcwivw.^ -wA

ui£ncerely repent of their Extortion, \V\e^ YA^vYit^^ndnoXtW^w^Vw^

V/ame noble Title, "w

t.

^l:iro^tane& have for a long Series of ttar* mfe?&m&.

Setiei'ol the Value of -their Eftatt and Revenue: By <uk±

: : r\cid^WJolkwi^ authentic Paper ii fallen JM^^^^l

and* will ' ferve as a Ground-work, on itvhieb tb* Rjuder imap

; ^e^hd^f&m/m^Jde4 of the Value 6f pwJBfNtf'ty

n iPenfyivanta. * // is a Copy of m^

MV Thomas Penn Umfelf mam Tears ago; atidenior&i c *«*

. ! - • '»'. it,"- r. • •*■ • .- •< * .r , < »;• ; •"■ '"^ •. * :».*! •■* .ifiabfj s'ntA

i 1 " My Eftimatc of the Province* T« PftHMwun ,\*a /^

«« i T Ands granted fince my Arrival arc rery near 270,000) •>> t&W 5 tf ;$«
«* ,L* Acres, of which not 10,000 have* been paid forif- 74V,£fo>oe<
«* more than of old Grams are remaining unpaid * it J <■. -. : ,.

" a The Rent on the faid Grant* is 550/. Sterling a Year, v .>? .-, ,

«♦ which at 20 Years Purchaie, and ^5 per Cent. Ex- I 18*150 00
«•' ehange, is . jr ••* • >*

<< 3 The old Rent, 4*0 /. a Year Sterling, at ditto, is .. 1 • . - 15**46 . o •

«« 4 Lands granted between Roll and the fir ft Article are 570 X, 1 v ,t *

44 a Year Sterling, which at 20 Years Purebaie, and 165 C <M*Q 00
*« per Cent, is * ..- , v *

•« 5 To the Difference between 4*0/. and 570/. for Arrearages %~ > t » .1

i «' of Rents which may be computed at half the Time of theil t,fM ao o
" other Arrearages, that is ix Years at 165 per Cent* 1 v ? ;-,

«* 6 Ferries let on fhort Leafes, the Rents being 40/, a Year are j t ___ ^
'?. worth 3 .' » ** 1 . f

4< 7 Lghds fettled in the Province for which no Grants are yet-} . » >

" pafled, except a few fince the above Account was taken, / ^ ^^ «w-
" not lefs than 400,000 Acres, which at £. 15 100 ** I - .•->

** mounts to J . ■ %

" The Rent at an Half-penny «n Acre is £.%H 6 S a? ^_^ . A-

" Year Sterling, reckoned as above is J I ,S ^ •

£. tS8,ft7t *•*•

«* M A N O R S.

*« 1 Gmeftogoe, 65 M. from \he City, 13,400^^,^40/. per H. 5,3^0 #•
« '* Gitberft, i 25 3,200 70 " ' s,H» ^ •

** 3 Springfield, 1* i,4oo 75 i,»0O «o

> ** f Higbtondt, 35 a, 5 co r 30 ■ ,,: -^ji>io

«« $Spring-i(n».i7 xd,ooo 35 v c r fj^o t#©

'•«< 6 H*ri?«/*^ 40* 20,000 '' i?* : '' ' >,ood" f #o

« c> f Ktebla*d y s%$ ■-,■:■■ 10 ,ooo ^ ' 15 ^ +t %500 ^HT O

<« ^AboUtttjO Tracls in the feveral Goontie^ fnoWf fi&fw-' ^ ^

«« Acteseach; reckoned }o,c>coat 46/I — r tJ fr^oqs^^.o

,c f Sptingefsbutft * ^ ao^Atres^t 5 /;^\^f» ^- ^i 00

*t % \ On the North Side of the Town 59 30 ^r,^e4 rt % o

«• i Baox of the faid Land ' -if.-{ lo / • ■" ' ^^JiJtt'^oVo

" w ^ Lot in the Bank at the North End of the Town, 206 Feet afc^t*^ 66*^ -m ©
*• 10 AFronfand Bank Lot between Fine and Strfafras 8treef,r : ^^» ^
^»* i»o2 Feetat ^/. .-:.-.... t^ *>--. I.,... -. • .e.- l , .rn- ! t>!»#i*^^f> •

fin

t . • t

""J

. i t >■

•-M- ''

i ' '

:t'y

-i V\

JL'. P f B Ni ft K 3&

J » Penfyhrama Com

r Brought ovfir^fi 917*7*5 10 p

«« f 1 Btnk Lot nelweeii Ca^r and P*a* Street; 204 Fedt ti 5 /. v y,;^w 64% ictf o*
•* I* Front Let as far $i4f of Ca^it Street . r.f**v \ ..:ocu f, bynJsv wgarfo.To o
•^1$ J^tfjjetwee^ Gr^»o4 /to Street . , isSovhi v— .'#• ».tr«iiti3 «tf»<Uo
14 Bsnk tot hejfreen the (Me Streets 40 •?•=:• .v~ at-ites^ni bif^'d^ d

*• 15 MaWk Laad|near the Town fceo Acres at 3/. «?3-n/Vf&GpQ£ >o o

* i£ Ditto *oo Aciflfe 41 Metering K*«t t -antt>4*g s*p£t**\£aTOti dftotoioa e£
tr ^oc», «« Lan ^ ^ricfiin the Draft of the Town, a/ kaf jw>*A*f*sM .U>of

** -^o, neareA Dd&wart, at i|i jiet Aci* V *'o SV?? * c # «C
* c ow 1 m^ 5 o tw»re(t &%tttYC at lot per Acre «^uA ^a*»Iio o
•* 17 Omiped. — ^tmfer?* Tu& in Much CMntj4i$l*ttk**f x \ e» pv><-\ -ol. $
'to 5,000 A*i;e» at 25/. > ^yiM 7, $?.■'> ° °

•• it The Rents of 4he»bo*e Manors and Laadsbdn^yT^a^'. ;> a;'j." r ? >
•• Acres it 4 Half- penny per Acre, ao Years Purchaie, C 5,4^*120

and i6cper€ea*.&tck*nge»is » i 1/

a* The Government to he calculated at no left than was to hare J g - *
" been paid for it, nriz. H,oooL at 1^5 per Cent, is / J « ^^°

o o

£. *$**«*

a •

•c.

<-, j.„,

■ f.

>*

• r In this Calculation no Notice is taken of the Thirds referred ^

*«* on the Bank Lots (a Co,py of the Patents J. Fern has by /

«< him to (hew the Nature of them •) and nine Tenths off

*f the Province semainruadHJiofed, of. J

•* Three Fifths of all Royal Mines is refenrcd rn the Grants*
" and in all Grants fincetbe Year 173a. One fifth Part of
** a!! other Mines, delivered at the Pits Mouth without
" Charge is afforeferod.

« No Value is put on the Proprietor's Right to efeheated j
" Lands ; aad-, befides thete Advantages, feverai O&cfes >
«» a» ia^he Proprietor's Gift of confiderable Value* i

•

*« Regiftjr General, about xqq I.
« Naval Officer, 3 ©p /.

■« Clerk of Philadelphia, 400 /.
" Chefttr, 300 /.

49 Bucks, aoo /.

*« Lancaffr % asp /.,

" Befides fcrejraj qtlier pgces t of Jeft Value, Tt*& are pnty 7
' ;• gueUed at.*' J

Tfce above Paper baa no Date, hut by fundry Circumftancea in it, parfl)cularly

, t^ere beiag no Value put on the Jbk<k^ the Bank Lots, becaqfe tbey were not then

, /alleo in * and by the FaiuMti** p*u^n^e Landa (which is <verfdj#Meml&om their

f&ftMt V^alue) it muftiiave been 4raWfi while Mr. Tfoaftix feaw widad 'm *a«

fitoama, and probably mare than Twenty Years ago « 'Since wiiak-Tia* <**#/*££*

dki&lmbeen made to the fttte of the Bsfirml Lands, and a ^ , ^*^ if

t l^indhas been diftofedrf, petfeap e^ual to all preceding. I ^3^;^

We muft therefore add to the above ^um of ^. asaitaas «:o« tjbe'|c4k^i|ig
. . Artioles, .««a^ .:. >-::.- -^j

. -**%ti**e I>teats, at the end af eo Yetrt the Proprietor was^ahave Oaf^hW *>t ^
JBafai slf Xhg Z^i and the ^ailsSagr, taa raHsn lwatwmtt^ w^ on Ueaa> ^ ^'

.--'.,....". - - - — . - ■■ * -S ( iV"3f<af

/.'

'j ■' ;o ' i<-

1 ;«jl

av

&; r k Ei n: dt^

jiITtJft •ii"''-' 1 *!Sy-:-Ji

Penfylvania Curr.

Brought over £. % c 2,1 2a
*« 1LoS&*iticreafedV*lK*(A the; Lands of the Cowftogoefyx*^ toJ jl<ua it

2 O

>>•

o jiiora^w valued a£ 400/. /*r Hundred Acres, and inthVj

t,. < : abow Eftimate valued only it 4®/. per Huhited, > tte

c otho^aaid increafed Value being 366 /. /»<?r Handled, eh

r 013*4*8} Acres, '• .• »* ' :•■< /\ *- *' i' '•'■> -^

9» Forostfie incrtapMk fiahn oi Gitberfi Manor, now worth

400/. per HuAdred Acres*

<;i

d

•-• jo J JnoV 5 ! n w
A r»cr osiiQ

,1 *°>5«>

hi »»
o #

gcFbrdP*//? on Springfield . Manor* now worth ^ 5%t) A /»<7 w
o oHuj&drea Acres, . ." < •, ' ... . >: ;<>c ?'^-u ->,-.-$•*

4. For "

6,800 o o

orAV/oontf/gjMa^&Manor,^ m - ^U £CS I*

dr«^cres,J ^ v ; Jv/ > J?f°A o

5. For Ditto on ^wg/oww, imw worth 400/. sVr Hundred 1 ' °vr iX i 1 J

6* For i)/7/0 on Vmcenfs Minor, now worth 3p#/,/#r Hon-7

dred Acres, $

7 # Fot; jPi/to. 011 Richland" t now worth 450 /. per Hundred ?
Acres, s • ■ .>- >..-,' .r * t. ?-jl\. 5

9; For Dfrtt on th$ 20 Traces, now worth ytoJ^pez Hundred 7
f , Acres, 5

^, For Ditto on Springetsbwy, Sec. at leaft
9. For l)///0 on all the Articles of Lots from No. 9 to 24. 7
being trebled in Value* il . J

1 5 . For Ditto on ne MarQ> Laud, now -worth 20 /. per Acrey
*6. For Ditto on die VaW of Lands within the Draft of the >
Town, now worth one with another, 50/. /w-Acre^ * £
27. For />///0 on StrHpefs Trad now-worth 325 /./*r Hundred.
[On the next iirticles for*tfct Referred Rent* and the Value

of the Gwefn*y&t % we g$&flp Advance.] ;-
For the Thirds of the JB*i?jfr Z,o(j and Improvements on them,
as they fell in after this Eftimate was made ; reckoning every
20 Feet of Ground wkhit% Improvements, one with another,
worth 480 /. the Tbirdh fating 160 /.\for each 20 Feet,'

>*

**

di ha* ?>

53*000

O

•43>?oo

A-.*,

36,000

O O

*$6*S

5,060,

w 3'*'.

O O

IOvtOfir

4 #

OO

:: >toW

15,000 [:'cT

37,180 o o

Thus far for the prefent Value of what was then eftimated,"^
But fince that Time, very great Quantities of Land have been
fold, and feveral new Manors la|3 out and referv 'd ; one
of which, <viz. that of Conedogumet is faid ,to contain

5/3^97 *'0

30,000 Acres : The Quantity fold fince the Eftimate, mult
be at lead equal to what was fold before, as the People
are doubled, and the Manors probably equal in Quantity :
We may therefore fuppofe, that a fair Eftimate of the
Lands fold, Rents and Manors referved, and new Towns
laid out into £ots, fince tttf above Eftimate, would be at
leaft equal to it, that is another Tenth, and amount alfo
to 573,697 : 2 : Ot

y 573>^97 * »

£T»M1

li^TheoBbltMBflifcftd within the Plaq of the Town were or^inatiyspwmfeM to begheti tMhe
. PttrbhaferiotLqid in the Country.* ~ But that . has been -long fince difcontinued ; ' a*d for
( m»3h^es f^th^Proprietor has fl»ut the Office^ via Co^bU hi* .Agents even, to /«7 ajBqrJnort
* #| d^^^UQdiag to keep them a^^J^. he can Jet t*e«fc *& ;&> ^k Grp$t4 fi«MS, St

en Bbildihl' Leafes. 500 Acres divided into. .Houfe I*Q£s- 1^ ^'^^ °^ ia i&^J^aaseri
- will alone make a vaft Eftate. ' The old "Proprietor 'lifceVuV'ra hts Plan of the" City, Tald

out five large Squares, one in each Quarter, and one ip. the Centre of the Plao> .and eaxe
. BfelkmVIo ^fte Iimabitantt for^vJAcMC^f. ^Thi^1*e^ia&^i£«! l^-Secmut^^'PS

Country, and his Papers of Invitation and Encouragement to Settlers j i&t^aa^b-foffnal

peed or Conveyance of thofe Squeret is now to be found, the iprelent Proprietor has re~
'jM'JctfeHptvr*M them again mtofrfedrfarVSj^^aialkri^te^fe^ il^it^be
■ increased ; and*ir Sanreyot GeneraJkilinl li| f^i ftr^^wOAd^W.^«^ >mO, ^tW^V

^BthdTe Squares by running intended Streets ova tYvwxi* XVxq^^yec^ *»$«&* ^sjqBi?»^®

Pqofle, and di&ooouaiblc to the Family \ - ■• " ■ _> ^

4 - 3+ irT^rw^rwir^

PenMvania Cum

,r J bnoj - r-

o o

Tgor j£/l$ prtliefc Jfihe Tenths' of the Province which were"
n< op|fafjfpisld of at the Time of making the EtHtnatc iiNbte,
The Provmire Grant to VPMOm P*** is of thfee Degrees of
y XaiiiOfXe, ai}4 Ave of Longitude ; each Degree of Latitude
>f *0ntftini J59 1 Statute Miles, and each Degree of Longitude a- 1 ^ n < u > -
c ,^e4i« tat^ 4.0 contain*- ft Statute Miles ; <a the Dimenfioni of > i^fZirf" 1 f ,0
^., the; Province are 3*5 Miles by aoSj, which givers for jts< ton- '| .',.., ^ . l ; TIlL ; V
, #r^, 5^252* fifnare Miles Or fflriy JiwMMmfy three Hun- \
^dred and Sixty-one Tboifand, ' Six Hundred Acre* \ Eight t
*,5penths of this Quantify, ft 18,289,280 Acres, j which *t^. 15 1
ips! per 1 00 .Acres (the prefent felling Price) 4t ., . J

lor Hie yearly i^uitrent on 18,289,180 Acres at a Halfpenny*)

Sterling per A^ e > is 58,036/. fc*r Anaum> which at *6c per > 1.8 56*484 o
v Cent, and 1* Y«rs 'ParchaTe; it, X * ■

For the additional Value on One -Tenth Part, «* /<ftjft oF thofeS"
~3ugut Tenths, which being jinckd out of the heft ©f the Lands I — v
k aftci 1 every Purchafe fron* fcc Indians, before any private Per- I « ** »•.
ion if allowed to take up any, .and kept For 2d or 30 Years, is t -* ' *
to be fold at a Medium for 300 /. per leo Acres Advance j I
this on 1,828,92$ Acres, is J

For the Three Fifths of all Tioyai Mines , and 0ne Fifth of all o-
ther Mines referf-'d to thele Lords Proprietors^ we can as yet
eftim&e no Sum, and mud leave it a Blank as we find it 5 but
fince in the Ridges of Mountains not yet fettled, fome very va-
luable Spec! mem of Ores have been found by Travellers, ft
is not unlikely this Article may in Time become confiderable
, beyond Computation. '

For the Offices we (hall lilcewife make n6 Eftimation, tho* the*
are area tly increase in Number and Value, with, the Increate
of People $ as we believe the Proprietaries do not raife immedi-
ate Money from the Grants of rhofe Offices -at prefent, they
be-ng chiefly difpos'd of to bribe or reWard their Partifana and
Favourites ; in which however they may find their Account.
For the Efcheats we likewife add nothing 5 for tho' it is though
a valuable Article, wehave no Informatibn on which we can
form any Judgment concerning its Value, it mutt however
[ continually increasing.

There is another Article, we are greatly at a Loft about, which -\
is th£ Interefi of Money arifing to the Proprietors from Securi- 1
ties on L'irids poflefs'd by Perfons unable to make pteferft Pay* I
ment. Thefe pay not ottly ^uitrenf for the Land bpt Inter eft f
for the Purchafe Money. This Intereft * is thought to be a ve- V
ry confiderable Income, but we cannot eft i mate it; J

The Three Lower Counties on Delaware, whick.<*re -a dift*nc"l *

Territory and Government from the Province of Penfyl<vania t f ■;>.-'.} v^i^*
and held by a different Title, are alfo a very valuable Part of > -.,., q . ^ c
the Proprietary Eifatej tho' what Value mould be put oil the \ V - v,' jo

fame is at orefent difficult to fay. <■*.

Total in Penfylvama Currency £. 159875,500 ta o
tn Sterling, aboufT£N. Million s t ; } j

• But on "the wiiofa, it appears^retty cfcarT^, that ^leducling all the ^nj^es>con-
taining the Valuation of Lands yet unibld, and uiiapplropriated within t^eis«Pateot 9
and the Manors and ftenfc to \i& hereifrer referfMj a»d. allowing for ahjf ^opllover-

. ^Valuations m th** F prefent referv'd Lands and Incomes [tho' 'tis thought /f a&y be it
wi|l not be found to exceed the under-Valuatioh in other Inftancesj there cannot re-

m^A/e^ ( tfcan,a MilliQqjA. PropexiN >«Uvcli they now at this Time have in Pen-

IM ** r cr w p f a, 425

^ Anq WmatPirovifice there are but 10,000 Families, to each of which, one with iv
tiotfter^fce'rVdoes not feldng more than 300 /. of Property, if fo much 5 which
iDultiply*d hy so,oeo gives 6,000*000/, for the whole property of the People tjiere.

The Proprietaries then have 111 prefent Poffcflion a Property there at lea^ equal : f#
one fix* of That ff ft* Pteople. Tbe£ *»§«* tfcer«&*$ to pay the fame Pfoj>ortjfon
of the Taxes. i r ' . \ r '

That &e Reader may Form Tome Judgment oftheProfi'$made by this 1 Mbnopoly
of Lantf m^Aiuerica in Favour of the House of P*n«, we (hall juft mentoti,~ that
the Land is arft ptfrctrafed'of Air htdkmt, and none but thtfrofrieiorSM atiow*tf to
purchafe of the Indian? within the Limks of their Grant 1 The Indians of late* Yeart
have fomewhat rafc'd their Price j andfor the laft great Purchafe.in 1 754, which was
of about Seven Millions of Atres, they demanded (how much do you tliiiilc r> ntffeCs
than a 000 Dollars amounting at Seieo and Sixpence Currency each, to Seven Hun»
drtd and Fifty Po&ds. ... Penlyl. Currency.

The Land fo'bbuirht the Proprietor has the Moderation to fell 1

(except the beflFof it referv'd in Manors for himfelf ) at (blow I £ r z,o&5,ooo p o

a Price as £ . 1 5 10 o per Hundred Acres, which will produce J r

Deduct the Purtbafe Money 750 o o

Remains Profit 1*084* 150 o o

BeGdes the Profit of a Tenth of the 7,ooo,oox> Acret, referv'd in" .

Manors to be fold hereafter? at a,n .rVvance of at lead 300/. per L »,ioo;ooo o o
Hundred Acr£s 1 {

And alfo the Quitrent to be referv'd on7,ooo,ooo Acres at frf. v

Sterling per Acre /. 14,581; 6: 8 which at 165 per Cent, V 481,150 00

v and 10 Years Vurcnafe, is worth . * _

' Profit, in all 3 665,500 o o

»

tut the JfaoYi* Council at Onondapo not being fatisfied with the Sale of fVrauch
Lana at once, the Proprietors have nnce been obliged 10 difgorge a Part of the Hunt-
ing Country they bad not paid for , and reconvey the fame to the Indians, w^o, when
they are difpos'd to fell it, may. poflibly demand aooo dollars more, for which the
above Account mwft then have Credit. *

One would think that where fuch good Bargains are bought of the poor Natives,
there mould be no Occafiop for fraudulent Art to over-reach them, in order to take
more than is granted : And that if a War occafion'd by fuch Injuries mould be drawn
upon the innocent Inhabitants, thofe who were the Caufe of the War, if they did pot,
as in Juftice they might, bear the whole Expence of it, at lead they would not refute
to bear a reafonable Pair. ' Whether this has earcr boen the Cafe is now a Subject of
Publick Enquiry. 1 . ,

But let us fee how the Land bought in fuch lumping Pennyworths of the Natives
4>y the Monopolift, is buckfier'd out again to the Kong's Subjects. To give the -
Reader fome Idea of this, after remarking that £. x 5 10 o per Hundred Acres for
wild Land, is three Times dearer than the Proprietor of Maryland's Price, and//*
Times dearer than his' Ma jenny's Lands in Virginia and Carolina, both as good if not
better Countries, we (hall prefent him with a genuine Account, lta«ed under the Hand
of the ProprhtoVt Receiver General, obtained with great fiiffcufty by the r*orch a fer
©f two Tracls/of Land, lome Time after he had paid his Money $ when on more
particular Consideration of the Sum paid compared with the Quantity bought, he
"TWagmMire i had paid too itfuch. The Account is as follows, <vx*«

JOHN FISHRR in Right of JACOB JOB Dr.

:r 'S€**Fo land 415 A. 53 Ps. in Pcxtang Townjhip, Lancafier Coun-? r A

** tyi granted H (aid Jvb by Warrant of J1f«P. 1 9th, 174* $y** l% *

■"''*** Imerelt from lit Maub *7|a to loth March 17^ is 10 Year$2 ■ n '
3ci " ri Daw ... 5 * 9 " *

n .,-.,.. - ' ' ' *" ' '-'■* ■':--

^ ■>■ t'.» ; .'.-j:-

'-^.-.^via- _ t *«">*. Car.

w o> ; i; v „ Brought over 9© 3 s

•« Int. from 1 1 $th march %U% to aotb February i$wi* 4 Years, 7

»,«« irMooths, 1 Day . , -t . r J ** xi it

" Quitr. to next Month is 15 Years, £. 13: 41 7 ?to&4f $5 pel* Cent. * 4 9 $

t •,. . . t ■ ' "•' -'*> •■■-' ;* •- 141 4 S

" JOHJN FISHER in Right of THOMA8COOPER ZV.

]-,, - .. ■ ■• ,' }!.' .;■..'

'^-ToiaDdJfiS Acres in Pextang Townflu'p, litiicqftrrCdunty granted 7

** by -War;ranjtof$th January J743 to faid Cooper . S 4 " IO 9

«' Interelt from i£ March 1737 to 9th January 1743 is 5 Years, 10 7

" iVjonthspj SPays , - , 1 a -^ . -*4- xi 9

«t

9 th January 1743 paid

56 . > *

7 10 o

48 12 6

«« Ihtereft from 9th January 174.3 to- 20th February 1747 * s 4 Years, 1 7

.«« Month, 11 Days ^ 5 " ** ,0

" Quitr. to next Month is xo Years, £.5: 11 : % Sierl. at 85 per Cent. 10 6 7

*©th February 1747.

70 18 12

~T- X4t 4 8
70 it 11

ii% 37

xo Transfer, &c m

»i» 13 7

1 ■ •?-•:;*.

Philadelphia, 43d February 1747*

" Received of 7^« Ft/her Two Hundred and Twelve Pounds, Three Shillings

*' and Seven Pence, in full for 413 Acres in Pextang Townfliip, granted by War-

«« rant of 19th March 174*, to Jacob Job, and for atf Acres in fame Townfhip,fey

<< Warrant of 9th January 1743 to Thomas Qoper, both in the County of Id*.

£*ai* 3 7 For the Hon. Proprietaries,

.xo Fees i\-. ■-

-i-_ LYNFORD LARDNER Receive* &■.

N. B. The Quitrent in full to ift March 1747* ,7 ,:/a «

The Purcnafer not being fkiird in Accounts, but amaz'd at the Sunv aflp^y^ to
• Friend to examine this Account, who ftated it over again as follows, «i//£. ^

*iJOHS'FISHERintheRightof JACOB JO^^^^;

174*. :f *' To 413 Acres, 50 Per. of Land, in /Vx?dw£,County * , vVr *»■' ^

J$M*K*. " lancaffer, granted to faid >* by Warrant dated |jCf *#';fy ^ ?!

* • • •* this Ifey ■ Jf "• "

^ " « By Cato paid that Day iJ^pV"

■•'■- - •■■••■ ■■■■ -"• ■•:■'■■■• r ' ■'./. •..;

.■•... ■■■:•■■ l :,... - ■'■ '•- •'■' >• '•■

':(

4 7»i

A P P E N D I t -$#

; - -V'~* PenTyivania Cut*.

.^ i»''o i Brought over £. <o 12 1

5 <£ :i^* To Intereft onr^ 50 j 11 8 1 from the 19th Afer^ v T,cT * <>* **
1 ^ f i €l 1742 to 2oth/>£. 174.7, beipg4^. ilw. idi&>''lf+P*'9

c v *c .^ns!* To 5 Year* Qo^itrent for laid Land at "One tfalP n - 1 i-- ! V*

^ ,„ ^ " penny Sterl. per Acre per Ann. vixAromMarcb "\

_. : ^i * l 174*, the Time the Land was furveyed (for I

" Qil.»trent ought not to be paid before) to March > 859
v^ A £ '" " * 747 amounting in the whole to £ 4 : T 8 1 4 Ster- I ^ {

4t ling at 85 per Cent, the Exchange charg'd in J
*« the Account delivered ^ii * r.1 .'

' ■- 1 " 20th F*6. 1^47. Sum due on Job's Right £.73'^ £'7

« JOHN FISHER, inRightof THOMAS COOPER. Dr.

X743. «' To 268 Acres^of Land in /Vxtawjaforefaid, granted? r

5th January, « faid Gw#*r by Warrant this Day 5 £«4* *° 9

" By Cam paid that Day 7 i

.«

«* 9th y**. 1741, Ballancedue £, 34 * 9

cf To Intereft on £ 34s 0:9 from 9th 7*#. I/43, t0 ? > •* *

•« 20th Feb. I747 toeing 4j>. I m, lid. J . 7

** To 4 Years and 2 Months Quitrcnt for faid V
" Lands, nj't%. from Jan, 1745 to the Firft March [
" 1747, Amounting in the whole to £ 2 : 6 : 6 I
- " Sterling, at 85 per Cent J

— . , 1^——

*' *oth Feb. 1 747. Sum due on Cooper"! Right £46 1$ 7$

€f In F*£. 1747, John Ft/her obtained a Proprietary Patent for the Lands above
st mentioned. But by the Accompli then exhibited, to hiro, and which he paid,
** he was charged on 7*6'; Right £ 141 s 4 s 8 which is £ 67 s 8 j 1 more than the a-
" bove Account, and alfo was charged on Coopers Right, £70: 18: 11, which it
c< £ *4 s 3 : 3i more tnan tne above Accomptof Cooper's. So that by the two Ac-
«« compts it is fuppofed he has paid £.91 11 4} more than could legally be rev
" cenred from him.
f «* The Reafon of fuch great Difference in the Accompts are as follow, <viz.

** %it That Intereli has been charged on the Confideration Money for Job*s Land,
* € ior 10 Years and 18 Days before the Land was furvey'd.

«* 2d That Quitrent has alfo been charged for that Time at S> per Cent.

*« $d That the Principle and Intereft to the Time of Warrant and Survey Were
*'■ added together, and that Intereft was charged for that Total to the Time the Pa-
*' tent was granted.

«* 4th That Intereft has been charged on the Confideration Money for* Cooper's
** Land, for 5^. ioz». 8 d. before the Land was fur vey'd.

" 5th That Qmtient has alfo been charged for that Time at 85 per Cent.

** 6th That the Principle and Intereft to the Time of Warrant and Survey were
4t added, and Intereft charged for that Total to the Time the Patent was granted,
* ' 'which* W compound Inter 'ejf."

To thefe Remarks Qf the Accountant we (hall only add, That the Price of Ex*
ibangebttwetn Philadelphia and London is not nVd, but riles and falls according to
the Demand for Bills 5 That 85 per Cent, charg'd for the Exchange in this Account
is the higbeft Exchange that perhaps was ever given in Penjylvania, occafion'd by
feme particular Scarcity of Bills at a particular Time j That the Proprietor bimfelr* •
in his feftimate Reckons the Exchange but at 6 5, which is indeed near theMefum, and
this Charge is 20 per Cent, above it* That the Valuing the Currency of the Country
according to the carnal Rate of Exchange with London, is in itfelfa falfe Valuation,
the" Currency not being really depreciated in Proportion to an accftfioK&.'^j&t <&^<k~
change; fince "every Neceflary of Life is to be ^uvcVv^d vei i&v* ConslvXx^ % ^tv^, vreot
ArticU tfExpence defrzfd by that Currency (JBfigUJb Ooo^% w\^ fc*^\*«\ *ax^
hv» 'Rues after as before fuch Rife of Exchange * Tta* ^*w^^*^**^

438 A P P £ K.'D *I X.

Mia/iag tHofe who porehafe of him to pay their Rentt according tcr the &afce «l
cfcattge-ts unjutf, the Rate of Exchange including withal the Rifau* ami Pnaftgfabjai
remitting Money to England 1 and is befides ft dangerous Practice^ a fatttsttifattf
Soms to be yearly remitted to him, put it in the Power of hi* ooto . A^eirtsjtttyUjB
Tricks With the Exchange at Pieafore, nitie it a* the Time of tfeai? wisenatbcfin
to receive the Rents, by buying a few Bills at a high Pric*, and after v«ain>io»S
it by refraining to buy till they are fold more reafonaMy; v ^'j'inVi pnf noo orlw
>' By this Account of the Receirer Genera 1*8, it appears w* have Emitted two otfct
jyricfes in the Efttoatton of the Proprietary Mite, «0r»/t : \-::r7*{ < J b-io :♦<* i

/*r /I/ Qoitrenrs 4f Lands many Years before tBi?'*r#granbdj<-iiiDm<-i**,^ <:,\

•* fb* n5* Intereft *f f /* Pure kafe- Money many Ttars < before* *Ar ;-'* i is * 1 « ovj n : ! ■ m

Pwrcbafes art mad* t " i:?. - * . - /bjWi woH ^.r. '*.■•.•'

On what Pretence thefe Articles of Charge are founded, how far ehey.inaybir ex-
tended, and what they may amount to, is beyond odr Kitowledgej hwettire tBcltfort
obliged to leave them blank till we can obtain mow particular Infof unction

'/;i t u^L';-iM : flJ

n

•'.1

Aitb? we have not in this Work taken particular Nttketf the
numerous Faljhoods and Calumnies which were continually 'thrown
cut againfi the Affetnbly and People of Perrfylvania, to keep a-
Jive the Prejudices raised by the Aft s of /^Proprietary xndBs
Agents ; yet as we think it will not he deemed improper to ghe
the Reader fome Specimen of them, wefhall on that Account* and
as it affords additional Light concerning the ConduS and State
cf that Province , fubjoin a Paper printed and pufrlijh'd here in
September 1757, iy a Gentleman who had the beft Opportuni-
ties of being acquainted with the Truth of the Fails he relates.
Any other Proof* indeed* of their Authenticity carLfcarce be
thought reqmftte* when Uis known that fine e that Time no pne ias
.ever offer' d to puhl\fh the leaft Thing in Contradiction 9 alike? before *
fcarce a Week elapsed without the Niws-Papers fwrnifhing us vtitb
feme anonymous Abufe of that Colony.

To the Printer of the Citizen^ or, General Adverser*
$ J#> ....■■'"'

IN your Paper of the ninth Inftant, Iobferve the following Paragraph, fajz ? « The
,« )alt Letters from Philadelphia Wing Accounts of the fcalping the Iflhifoants
* of the Back Provinces by the Indians : At the lame Time tbe Difpuies between.; tip *

«. is the-third Governor with whom the Jtfembty has had thefe Difputai wfom t

* few Years,' %i , •. <' . m . ' ., ^',,4- -a\. -

As this Paragraph, like many others, heretofore published in t^papeift. is^ net
founded in Truth, but calculated to Drejudice the Publick again* i^^Jflj^^^
fiopUoi Ptn&fomwLy yoUvaw teivteA \<* ^o \WSi^^ .j

A F F E N D 1 X. ^ 439

Fenhtvania, but common to all the Colonies in proportion as their Frontiers *ffe

im5e or kftfextcnded and expose to the Enemy, Tnat the Colony oi'tfirgi*iq f ia

^tocfo febeTe are very few, if any* £>*ui£irsi and no** in the Ajfembltf* lias Toft w<

Inhabitants ano; Ten if ory by the War than PenMvauia. That even! rf^C^l^ny

if tfetmYvriJ with alt its own Forces, a great Body of /VffUK&g/j^ Troupe, ej^

earnp'd lonrits Frontier, and it he regular Army tinder Zor^ Loudon polled indifferent

l^acefe, has not* been abletofecuri its Inhabitants franv6calping by dp India** %

who coming fccretly in very fmall Parties (talking in the Woods, muft foo^eumaa

IraVft it inttheir Power to furprize and deftroy Travellers, or fingle Families* felled

in fcattered Plantations, notwithstanding all the Care that can poflibly , be, tajcen to

any Government for their Protection* Centinels polled round an ftfiny, w^ile

ftanding on their Guard, with Ara\s in their Hands, are often kill'd arid foalp^by

Indians* How much eafier mull it be for fuch an Enemy to deftroy a Ploughman

at Work in Ms Field? > o

«• That the Inhabitants of the Frontiers of Penjylvania are not Quakers, were, i«
the Beginning of the War (applied with Arms and itawminition by the, Ajfejobi/,
and have frequently defended themfelves and repelled the Enemy, being withheld
by no Principle from Fighting; and the Lofles they have differed were owing intire-
Jy -to their Situation, and the loofe (battered Manner in which they, had fettle^ their

Elantationa and Families in the Woods, remote from each other, in Confidence of
&mg Peace. « :-; •-

3, That the Difpntes between the late and prefent Governors and the Aflembly
of Penjyl ( vania i weTe occafion'd and are continued chiefly by new Instructions
from the Proprietors to thofe Governors, forbidding them, to paft any l>awa to ifotfe
'Money for the Defence of the Country unlets the Proprietary Eftmtt, or much the
gr«ate& Part of it was exempted from the Tax to be railed by Virtue of fuch Livvs,
and other Claufes inferred in them by which the Privileges long enjoyed by the P< o-
pfc, and which they think they have a Right to, not only a* Penjylvatiiavs but as
Englishmen* were to be extorted from them, under their prefent Diftrefies. The
Quaker s t . who, tho' the firft Settlers, are now but a fmall Part of the People of Pen~
jjpvania> were concerned in thefe Difpntes only as Inhabitants of the Province, and
not i& Quakers; and all the other Inhabitants join in oppofing thofe InfirucTums, and
contending for. their Rights, the Proprietary-Officers and Dependents only excepted,
with a few of fuch as they can influence.

' 4. That tha' fome Quakers have&ruples againft bearing Arms, they have, when
molt numerous in the AlTembly, granted large Sums for the King's Ufe, (as they
e*prefs rO which have been apply'd to the Defence of the Province ; for inftance, in
. *755 and 1756, they granted the Sum of 55,000 /. to be raifed by a Ta# on Eliates
real and peifonal ; and 30,000/. to be. raifed by Excife on Spirituous Liquors ; be-
tides near 10,000/. in Flour, &c. to General Braddock and for cutting his Roads,
and 10,000/. to General Shirley in Provifions for the New -England and New York
Forces, then on the Frontiers of Nenv-York 5 at the fame Time that the Contingent
Expirees of Government, to be otherwife provided for, were greatly and necefla-
rily enhanced. That however, to remove all Pretence for Reflection on their Sect,
as obrtrucling military Meafures in Time of War, a Number of them voluntarily

t|\ijtted their Seats in AlTembly in 1756 ; others requeued their Friends not tochufe
h«rn in the enfuing Election, nor did any of that Profeflion ftand as Candidates or
' febpelt a Vote for themfelves at that Election, many Quakers refusing even to vote
'! ai ail, and others voting for Cuch Men as would and did make a considerable Majo»
. ,,^'jyM tne Houfe who were not Quakers 5 and yet four of the Quakers, who were
.ajey^rthelefs chofen, refus'd to ferve, and Writs were ifTued for_new Elections,
When /our others not Quakers were chofen in their Places ; fo that of '36 Members,
; ihel^urnber of which the Houfe confifts, there are not at the mod above i* of that
:" Denomination, and thofe fuch as are well known to be for fupporting,the Govern-
^jneft i» Defence of the Country, but are too few, if they were againlt fuch a Mea-
sure, to prevent it.

" 5. That the Bill to raife Money, faid in the above Article of New% to be *fr
, g clogg"d as to prevent the Governor from giving his Ajjent t \ was drawn in the fame
J '* t L. Jpi^rr*, : ana\ with the lame Freedom from all Gtbgs, -as 1 that for granting $0,000/.

wjich had been pafs'd by the Governor in 1 7^5^ wvd-Tecerb'tl^t^tijcA. Aty^ttta&H* - %
r . * jjEfc iherei) Clogs orObjlruaions to hs Paflin*; wtrfc *tt V* **' V&* W ^ ^*«£V
" l " Mo&n'J Proprietary In/fru&ions j that the Gota^^^Xti^^^T^^ ^^ T^ x

1 ~lt>!lfj ' "J !',~ ■■., .„ • -

740 AJPFENDIX.

to the Bill, did, in Excufe of .his Conduct, on Lord Loudoun's Arrival at Pbtlm
fbia in March laft, lay his Reafons before his Lord (hip, who was pleafed to c*
municate them to one of the Members of the Houfe, and patiently to hear what*
Member had to fay in Anfwer, the Governor himfelf being pre fen t $ and that!
Lordihip did finally declare himfelf fully fatisfied with the Anfwers madetotlu
Reafons, and give it as his Opinion to the Governor that he ought immediately
to pafs the Bill, any Inflations he might have to the contrary from the Proprietors
Botwithftandinfi; which the Governor accordingly eompiyM with, fafeid the BilT,
on the *ad ct March* and the Money, being 100,000/. tor the Service of the cur-
rent Year, has been ever fince actually expending in the Defence of the Province.
So that the whole Story of the Bill's not palling, the Clogging of the Bill by the
AfTembly, and the Obftinacy of the Quakers preventing its Paffage, is abfolutely a
malicious and notorious Fallhood.

6. The Aflertion of the News writer, * that while the Enemy is mfhe Heart of
• the Country t Cavils prevent any Thing being done for its Relief,* is fo far from being
true, that, 1 It. The Enemy is not nor ever was in the Heart of the Country,
having only mole fled the Frontier Settlements by their Parties. adly, More
is done for the Relief and Defence of the Country, without any AJfiJlanct from the
Cronvn, than is done perhaps by any other Colony in America 5 there having been,
soon after the War broke out, the following Forts creeled at the Province Expence,
in a Line to cover the Frontier, i/«s. Hen/haw's Fort on Delaware, Fort Hamilton,
Fort Nirris, Fort Allen, Fort Franklin, Fort Lebanon, Fort William Henry, Fort
Augufia, Fort Halifax, Fort Granville, Fort Shirley, Fort Littleton, and Sbippenf
burg Fort, betides feveral final ler Stockades and Places of Defence, garrifoned by
Troops in the Pay of the Province ; under whofe Protection the Inhabitants, who
at 6rft abandoned their Frontier Settlement?, returned generally to their Habitations,
and many yet continue, tho* not without fome Danger, to cultivate their Lands \
By thete Penjyl'vania Troops, under Col. Armfirong, the &reateft Blow was given
to the Enemy laft Year on the Ohio, that they have receiv'd during the Warj in
burning and deftroying the Indian Town of Kittanning, and killing their great
Captain Jacobs, with many other Indians, and recovering a N,umler of Captives of
their own and the neighbouring Provinces : Be fides the Garrifons in the Forts,

1 1,00 Soldiers are maintain^ on the Frontier in Pay, being arrrfd and accouter'd
by the Province, as ranging Companies. And at Philadelphia Fifteen Iron Cannon,
eighteen Pounders, were lad Year purchased in England and added to the Fifty they
hid before, either mounted on their Batteries, or ready to be mounted, befides a
Train of Artillery, being new Brafs Field Pieces i» and 6 Pounders, with all their
Appurtenances in extreme good Order, and a Magazine ftof d with Ammunition,
a Quantity of large Bomb-Shells, and above *, 000 new Small Arms lately pro-
cured, excrufive of thofe in the Hands of the People. They have like wife this
Summer fitted out a ao Gun Province Ship of War, to fcour the Coaft of Priva-
teers, and protecl the Trade of that and the neighbouring Provinces, which is
more than any other Colony to the Southward of New-England has done* PenJyU
<vania*\fo by its Situation covers the greateft Part of Nenvrjerfey, all the. Govern-
ment of the Delaware Counties % and great Part of Maryland, 'from the Incurfions of
the Indians, without receiving any Contribution from thofe Colonies, or the Mo-
ther Country, towards the Expence. ,

The above zttFaQs, confident with the Knowledge of the Subfcriber, who but
lately left Philadelphia, is now in London, is not nor ever was a Quaker, nor writes
this at the Requett of any Quaker ; but purely to do Juftice to a Province and Pep*
pie of late frequently ahafed in namelefs Papers and Pamphlets published jn En-
gland. Ai\djie hereby calls upon the Writer of that Article of News to produce
the Letters out of which, he fays, he has drawn thofe Calumnies and Falfhoods, or
to take the Shame to himfelf*

Penjylvania Coffec-Houfe7 WILLIAM FRANKLI# V

London, Sep. 16, 1757. J

. -I . -

To what is faid in the foregoing Letter, c6neeroing Col. Armfirong** Expediti***#,
Hittamting, it may not be anrifs to add* fox \Vft Itv&Tm^tion of the Reader, Tjuiflt
mws with do fnaall PifEculty the CQmrat&acitt* % ^w>wi ^w\mA^vik^Qf«Miy %

*.-■">

♦$%■

A P PEN D I X. 44 I

„ t ...uori of the Money granted for the War> obtained the employing a Part
e Provincial Forces as Rangers, They repeatedly re mpn ft rated to tbe^Qovernor,
the only effectual Manner of carrying on a War with Indians /was to fight them
* ; own Way, /. e. to fend Parties frequently into the /»^/^ Country to furpriae
nhefr Hunting and Firtiing, deftroy their Corn Fields, born their Habitations,
by thus continually harrafling tbem, oblige them either to fue for Peace, or re*
farther into the Country. The Ex per ie nee of many Years Indian War in iV/w-
md was in Favour of this Meafure. The Governor himfelf could not but ac-
wledge, its Expediency. There were Motives, however, which, with him, out-
;hed all other Confiderations \ and induced him, tho* publickly, to approve, yet
tl y to decline carrying it into Execution* A Miiitia Lams was the grand Object
iad in View, in which he aira'd t© have the file Nomination of all the Officers*
fe were of Covjrfe to be Proprietary Minions and Dependants, who, by A^eahs of
Power, were to awe and influence the Elections, and make a Change in the A£»
<[y : For Draughts of fuch as were moft likely to give Oppofition might eafily be
le and fent to garrifon the Frontier. Should therefore the Commiffioners Scheme, ■
carrying the War into the Enemies Country, be attended with Snceefs> and a
;p be thereby put to their future Incurfions, the Governor's main Pretext for a Mi- ,
a (which was the enabling him to defend the Frontier) would of Confequence have
no longer any Appearance of Weight. The Commiflioners, notwithltanding, obfti-
nately perfevered in urging that Parties fhould be lent out in the Manner they recom*
mended. The Governor was at length obliged to content, and give Orders to Col*
Armfirong for that Purpofe. Under-hand Meafuree feem however to have been taken to
render this Project fruitlefs. Such Delays were given from time to time to the March
of the Forces, after the Intention of the Undertaking was publickly known (which
by the Bye was to have been kept a Secret) that the Enemy might eafily have received
Intelligence of our Defigns 5 and, moreover, fuch a confiderable Number of Men
were added to the Party as rendered it highly improbable they mould reach the Place of
their Deftination undiscovered, upon which depended the Whole of their Succefs*
By great good Luck,, they neverthelefs unexpectedly arrived at Kittanning, and fuo
ceeded as above. Encouraged by this fortunate Event of their firft Attempt, the
Commiflioners earneftly preft'd that this Blow might be followed by another of th$
fame Kind, fo that the Enemy might be kept in continual Apprehenfions of Danger.
But thefe Encouragements to the Commiflioners, to perfift in their Plan of Opera-
tions, were Inducements with the new Governor, as they had been with his Prede-
ceflbr, to evade a Compliance. The darling Project of a Militia Law was of morfe
Confequence than the Prefer vation of the Blood and Treafure of People with whom
he had no natural Connection. And the Refult is, that notwithstanding the Com-
miflioners have over and over ftvenuoufly endeavoured to have Parties of Rangers fent
again into the Enemy's Country, they have never fince been able to prevail with the
Governor to fend them. On the contrary, tho' they could furnifli ten Parties
for one of the Indians, the Forces have been confined within the Forts, taught
regular military Difcipline (which is in Facl undifciplining them for Indian
War) and allowed 10 do fcarce any Thing but Garriibn Duty, fn the mgJStt
time the Indians have been fuftered to come down .between the "SttM Jtk^m^
and fcalp the Inhabitants, and burn and deftroy their SettlemenJjPl|B8topu-

nity -TJiat a Militia, had the Governor fuch a One as flHHHpt could

not prevent thefe Outrages, is obvious to every Man of ^jw8HPP(crirand-
ing. Frequent Trials of this have been made in ftjmfg^^Kf^her Go-
vernments where Militias have been long in ufe. The^JMMBBe' of which
was, that after the Governors had, upon the News of '^aw^SRlnions of the
Enemy, taken the Inhabitants from their feveral Bufinenw^ml^Occupations
(oftenrimea Farmers in the Midft of Harveft) furni&ed^^f&roi and other
Keceflaries, and marched, them, at a great Expence, ^f§|% PJ&ce attacked,
it was found that the Enemy were fled, and perhaps ^Bpjf Mi {chief in ano-
ther Part of the Frontier, at fifty or a hundred M&p&, Diltance. The
people, therefore fay with Truth, that it would be far^lteft expenfive and
inconvenient to them, to raife and pay a Number of R^*v^\% xa \*. <as«^-
j>ually employed- in that Service. And it \s ctrnvev^ ^ax. ^«** \*fc\. j* $«?>*

Kangdrs properly employed, they would be more ejftclual \tv Watoiv*^ S»^ -
tiemy, than oH the Mitttia or Regular Fbrcfi on v\v* Cvy&vvw^ «A AY ^tTv\fc V
tending of ibefe Bgninii: fcodtir** Paiues of Indian ^\*%S %» ^^w*jS — ±±

rJpaa*, lh *j.*J-k ~ fa~ f '^ _jjr U—

44*

A ,P P E N D I X.i»

r :-&3&

Acchuntoffundry Sums of Money f aid by the PrvvinceifiBitk
vania for His Majefty's Service, fmce tbe^qmtnem^M
Hoftilities by the French in North- KmtnQ&sexclwwgwf
general Contingent Expences of the Government, v&ift&k
from that Time increasM very conjiderably. \ / f ^j

■.-■■■ ^m -

Extracted from the Journals of the JJfembly.

SCfT '

*754>
and

'755*

the?
em, f

175 6 "

FO R ProviTions fupplied the King's Forces under *
the Command of Genei al Braddock : For o» I

pening and clearing a Road towards the Ohio ; and I
for Eftablifhing a Poft between Winchefier in Vif r
ghna and Philadelphia , for the Ufe of the Army, \
at the Requeft of tne (aid General. J

For Provifions fupplied the Nevj England, and Nevj- 7
Tori Forces under General John/on. $

For Clothing fent the Forces under General Shirty.
For PreftntJ to the Six Nations and other Indians in Al-
liance with the Crown of Great Britain, and
Expences attending Two Treaties held with them
for fecuring them to the Britijh Inter eft.
For Maintenance of the Ohio and other Weftern In**]
diansy . who had taken Refuge in Penjylvania \
Fiench Deferterss Soldiers Wives belonging to
BraJdock"s Army 5 Arms and Ammunition deli-
vered to f'uch of the Frontier Inhabitants as were not »
able to purchafe any for their Defence ; Relief and '
Support of fundry of faid Inhabitants who were
driven from their Plantations by the Enemy ; and
for Expreifet and other Purpofes for His Majefty's
Service. J

[The above Sums were paid out of the Treafuty and
Loan- Office, and by Money borrow* d on the Credit of
the Houfe of AJfembly, before the Governor could be
prevail don to pafs any Bills for granting an Aid to
HisMajefty.]
For railing, paying and maintaining Forces ; building
Forts j maintaining and treating with the King'9 T
Indian Allies j Support of French Neutrals fent from I
Scotia ; billetting and Supplying with Necef- I
the Kirig's regular Forces y and other I*ur- r
>r his Majefty's Service, as recommended by I
lifters. [By two Afts of A (Terribly, 60,000 /. 1

A3

another A61 of AiTembly.

*y Ditto. [Note 2700 Men were raised and
itfd this Year in his Majeftys Service, by the
Prov§Scey of ' Pen/ylvania, in puriuance of Mr. Se-
cretary J^'J&etter.]
For Support b^phip of War for Protection of Trade, |
s (by a Dotyi^m Tonnage, &c.) for a Six Month's (
Ciuize. J

Penfvlvania (

£ 8,195 »•

ro,ooo

t,023

5*^53 J

90,000

XOOjQOO

lOOyOoo

$>4*5

*x-

Cauv& w«^ J, V°^W*-

T-^

. -v.aS

\

V

A P P E N D I X. , 443

Penfylvania Cum
Brought over £. 3xa 9 8.'^i7 ii(
ivitf^Htnttrtft paid tfy the Province for Mortey borrow'd *} ■•<• \. \» «** >'

^ , for His MajenVs Service on the Credit of the Af-

\

\-

lenibly j the Charges attending the Printing and
Signing the Paper -Money* and collecting and pay-

^ ing>he fcveral Taxes granted His Majeity, to the > 4
provincial Treafurer and Truftees of the loan Of-
fice, with their and the Provincial Commiflioner's

- Allowances for their Trouble, may at lead be eft i- j
mated at ^ >

For fundry Indian Expences, omitted in the above

5,000

o o

3* X3

* £• 3*7i?S* 1^ «$

From which deduct one Third to reduce the Sum to J • j; ■

•Sterling Value 5 unEngUJb Shilling palling for is. > 109,283 16

6d. in Fenjyfoania.

iij

Sterling 118,567 14 o

t

^fj the Reader may* foffibly* he curious to knovo^ whether anyji-
milar Difputes arofe between the Proprietaries and the fever al
Affemblies of the Territory, or Three feparated Counties, it
may be proper to inform him, That tb? Forbearances of thefe
Gentlemen* in that Dijlriff, were altogeiher as remarkable as
their Affumptions in the Province ; and to refer him to the fol-
lowing Extract of a genuine Letter of Mr. Secretary Logan**
to one Henry Goldney, an intimate Friend of the firft Pro-
prietary William Penri,/cr a Solution of all Doubts concerning
the Difference.

Henry Goldney j
Elteemed Friend,

Philadelphia , ^d Month
tlie nth, 1709.

he

tends
fome-

' T Was favoured laft Fall with thine, and other Friends An fwer to mine of 3d

* X Month laft 5 the Contents of which were extremely fatisfa&ory, and on my

* Part I mall not be wanting to difchargemy Duty to the utmoft of my Power t But
in my Opinion, iince the Proprietor has feveral Times mentioned that he had
Propofals made to him for the Purchafe of a large Trail of Land on Safquebatmab f
for which he had an Offer of 5000/. Sterling, it would be muft

* him to accept of any fuch Terms, that, lb he may fpeedily
' nagement of his Country to himlelf, by paying the Debt

* has contracted upon it j to which I with thee and his

* v/ould earneftly prefe him, for in himlelf I know he is

* wlyit too doubtful and backward.
4 I now defign, through the greateft Confidence in tb]

* him and me, to be veiy free with thee in an Affair
' him a/id this Country in general, in which I mail ru

* thy beft Thoughts, and, according to the Refult of tl

* the neceflary Endeavours j the Cafe is briefly as follow
• This Government has confifted of two Parts ; the

c nia 9 atid the three lower Counties on Delaware* To.tl

* tor h*s a moft clear and undoubted Right, both for Soil and Government,

* by^rrre "King's Letters Patents or Royal Ch&xttv -. Tot t>.e Vj.w.\ V Vso.%

* muck left -i&'/bew\ for the Soil he tns Dette o\ Vt^Svcvtwv <U^\tv ^*- ^vfc*

* of ~fvrk;~- totrfir the Government hot fo much as is r.ece$ojr;. ^ ^
XJir&oAniyal, hosrevsr, in thefe Parts, Yve ^NaWeA ^\v\\ \\y*?<*v* wn

both to

> concerns

pto extficife

to employ

of Penjylva-
xrft the Pioprje-

444 APPENDIX.

the Piwmce and thofe Counties to ]om in one Government tffr&r hh
accord&tlo the Powers of the King"! Charter, which ncverthefef* Hhttettaea
to tbi'rmAnce only, and fo they continued, not without many ^M&jpns,
till after the Time of hit (aft Departure, when fomc difaffefted J^erfojw took
Advantage of a Claufe, which he had unhappily inferted in a Charter: he
gave the People, and broke off intirely from thofe lower Counffti'i" ^nce
which Time we have had two Affemblies, that of the Province a&ing by a
fafe and indifputtd Power, but that of the other Counties ivitb&t fiifikient
(I doubt) to juflify them, Laft Fall the Affembjy of thofe Coujpties took
Occafion to inquire into their own Powers, upon a pefign to fet new Mea-
fures on foot, and have fent home an Addrefs by one of their Members,
nomas CeuttSs Brother, who is to negotiate the : Matter with the Lords of
Trade and the Miniftry, to obtain Powers to fome Perfon or other, who
the Queen may think fit (tho' Coutts defigns it for himfelf} to discharge all the
neceffary Duties of Government over them. This I doubt will, give thq| Proprie-
tary great Trouble, for when the Council of Trade is fully apprifed, as by this
Means they will be, that thofe Counties are intirely disjoined from the Pro-
vince, 'tis probable they may moreftriftly inquire into the Proprietor's Right of G$-
vernment and Legifiation ivith the People there \ and 'tis much to be feared that they
may advife the Queen to difpofe of the Government oF thofe Parts fome other way,
which would be exceedingly deftru&ive to the Intereft of the Province in ge*
neral. ••••••' * 6

• Upon the Whole what I have to prbpofe is this, whether it would not be mod
advi feable for the Proprietor to confider in Time what Me afures are moft fit for
him to take for his • own and the Country's Intereft, before the Blow falls fo
heavy that it may prove difficult, if at all practicable, for him to ward it off;
whether, therefore, it may not be moft prudent to part with the Government of
both Province and lower Counties together, upon the beft Terms that can be ob-
tained, before it proves too late for him to procure any. If he, mould hold the Go-
vernment of the Province, nay even of the Whole, during his Life, he will ne-
ver gain any Thing by it ; and, after his Deceafe, it will be loft, or at lea ft: be put
out of the Hands of Friends, and perhaps without any previous Terms at all,
when now he may be capable {limfelf to negotiate a Surrender, both to his own
particular Intereft, and greatly to the Advantage of the Profeffion j but whenever
this is done, he mould remember our prefent Lieutenant Governor, who will be a
Sufferer (I fear at beft) by undertaking the Charge $ and if any Thing fall of
Courfe in the Way, I wifh he would not quite forget an old fruity Servant of his,
who has been drudging for him thefe ten Years (but that's not the Buunefs). This
I thought neceffary to advife thee of, confidering thee as one of his beft ami Jieartieft
Friends, and defire thee to communicate the Matter to fuch others as m^y be moft
ferviceable, but by no Means expofi this Letter t for I would ba*ve that kept <very pri~
<uate. I have wrote to the fame rurpofe to the Proprietary himfelf very fully, but
finding, by long Experience, how little it avails to write to himfelf alone of
Matters relating to bis own Intereft, I now chufe this Method, and give this ear-
.»--w.„« kJ A- - ^ the Addreffes from hence fhall come to Hand, which, with the
■U gonc from the Lower Counties, will certainly do our Bufioefs whe-
ther 4!|^HHHbr will agree to it or not, and therefore beft take Time while it
'"" J it this to thy Prudence and Difcretion, and conclude,

Tly real loving Friend,

JAMES LOGAN.

M $jkf I tf / ■ &

at

*?'

1 ,:■;

1

1 V

11